Unit 3 Fit for life 词形变化背诵单及巩固练习 -2026-2027学年高中英语译林版（2020）选择性必修第二册

选择性必修二 Unit 3 词形变化背诵单及巩固练习 一．重点词汇词形变化 1．affect vt. 影响；深深打动 → affection n. 喜爱；钟爱 2．identify vt. 确认，认出 → identity n. 身份；一致 → identification n. 鉴定；确认 3．relate vi. & vt. 联系；叙述 → relationship n. 关系 4．restore vt. 恢复；修复 → restoration n. 恢复；修复 5．ultimately adv. 最终；根本上 → ultimate adj. 最后的，终极的 6．abnormal adj. 反常的，畸形的 → normal adj. 正常的，一般的 7．restrict vt. 限制，限定 → restriction n. 限制，约束 8．resistance n. 抵抗力；抵制 → resist vi. & vt. 抵抗；抵制 → resistant adj. 抵抗的，有抵抗力的 9．disabled adj. 有残疾的，丧失能力的 → disability n. 缺陷，障碍 10．conventional adj. 传统的，习惯的 → convention n. 惯例，习俗 11．disturb vt. 使不安；打扰 → disturbing adj. 令人不安的 → disturbed adj. 心烦意乱的 12．adjust vt. & vi. 调整；适应 → adjustment n. 调整，调节 → adjustable adj. 可调节的 13．evidence n. 证据，证明 → evident adj. 明显的 14．examine vt. 检查；测试；审问 → examination n. 考试；检查 15．severe adj. 十分严重的；严厉的 → severely adv. 严重地；严厉地 16．symbol n. 象征；符号 → symbolic adj. 象征性的 → symbolically adv. 象征性地 → symbolize vt. 象征 17．infection n. 传染，感染 → infected adj. 受（病毒等）感染的 → infect vt. 使感染；传染 → infectious adj. 传染性的 二．巩固练习 1．Although the old nurse had looked after hundreds of children over the years, she still spoke of each of them with such ________ (affect) that everyone around her could feel the warmth of her heart. 2．Although he chose a rather ________ (convention) way of treating his patients, the results he achieved were better than those of many famous doctors. 3．________ (ultimate), what matters is not how much we earn but whether the work we do can bring comfort to those who suffer. 4．Only after a careful ________ (examine) did the doctor find that the patient had been suffering from a rare disease. 5．________ (affect) by the moving story of the young patient, the whole class decided to raise money for children who could not afford treatment. 6．These new crops are far more ________ (resist) to disease than the ones farmers used twenty years ago, which is good news for the whole village. 7．She felt deeply ________ (disturb) by the way some people talked about the disabled, so she wrote an article to voice her opinion. 8．It is the way we treat people with disabilities that decides whether the ________ (relate) between them and the rest of society will grow closer or remain distant. 9．The two leaders shook hands ________ (symbol), marking the end of a quarrel that had lasted for years. 10．Scientists have found that ________ (normal) growth in children may be linked to a lack of sleep, which worries many parents today. 11．A small ________ (adjust) to the height of the desk made it much easier for the boy in the wheelchair to do his homework. 12．The police were able to confirm the man's ________ (identify) only after a DNA test had been carried out, which took nearly a week. 13．In many cultures, the white dove has long been regarded as a ________ (symbol) bird that stands for peace. 14．A ramp has been built at the entrance so that people who are ________ (disability) can enter the library as easily as anyone else. 15．It is ________ (evidence) from the survey that most passengers are willing to give up their seats to those in need. 16．Because of the new ________ (restrict) on plastic bags, supermarkets are no longer allowed to hand them out free of charge. 17．Because the disease is highly ________ (infect), patients must be kept apart from their families until they are fully cured. 18．For security reasons, every visitor must show a photo card as a means of ________ (identify) before entering the research centre, no matter how senior he or she is. 19．Growing up with a ________ (disability) has taught him far more about patience and courage than any book ever could. 20．The old bridge was ________ (severe) damaged in the flood, and it took the whole village two months to repair it. 21．The bacteria showed such strong ________ (resist) to the new drug that doctors had to look for another treatment. 22．The ________ (restore) of the ancient temple, which had been damaged in the earthquake, took the workers nearly three years and cost a large sum of money. 23．The seats in the new cinema are fully ________ (adjust), which allows people of different heights to enjoy the film comfortably. 24．It is quite ________ (disturb) that so many young people ignore their health while chasing success, a problem that has drawn wide attention in recent years. 参考答案 1．【答案】affection 【考点】词形变化——such + adj. + n. 结构中，空格处需填名词（不可数，不加冠词）。 【派生】affect vt. 影响；深深打动 → affection n. 喜爱，钟爱（不可数）。 【句析】Although 引导让步状语从句，其中 had looked after 为过去完成时；主句为 she still spoke of each of them with such affection；such...that... 引导结果状语从句，that 从句中 everyone around her 作主语，could feel 作谓语。 2．【答案】conventional 【考点】词形变化——rather 修饰形容词，进而修饰名词 way。 【派生】convention n. 惯例，习俗 → conventional adj. 传统的，习惯的。 【句析】Although 引导让步状语从句；主句中 the results 后接省略关系词的定语从句 he achieved；those 指代 the results；than those of many famous doctors 为比较状语。 3．【答案】Ultimately 【考点】词形变化——修饰整句用副词，句首首字母大写。 【派生】ultimate adj. 最后的，终极的 → ultimately adv. 最终；根本上。 【句析】副词 Ultimately 作全句状语；what matters 为主语从句；not...but... 连接两个表语从句 how much we earn 和 whether the work we do can bring comfort...；we do 为省略关系词的定语从句修饰 the work，who suffer 为定语从句修饰 those。 4．【答案】examination 【考点】词形变化——a careful 后接名词。 【派生】examine vt. 检查；测试；审问 → examination n. 考试；检查（a careful examination 仔细检查）。 【句析】Only after... 置于句首引起部分倒装，助动词 did 提前，主语是 the doctor；that 引导宾语从句，从句中 had been suffering from 为过去完成进行时，表示“一直患有”。 5．【答案】Affected 【考点】非谓语动词——过去分词短语作原因状语。 【派生】affect vt. 影响；深深打动 → affected adj. 受影响的；被打动的（be affected by 被……打动）。 【句析】句首的 Affected by the moving story of the young patient 为过去分词短语作原因状语，逻辑主语 the whole class 与 affect 之间是被动关系，故用过去分词；主句谓语为 decided to raise money；who 引导定语从句修饰 children。 6．【答案】resistant 【考点】词形变化——比较结构中作表语需用形容词。 【派生】resist vi. & vt. 抵抗 → resistant adj. 抵抗的，有抵抗力的（be resistant to 对……有抵抗力）→ resistance n. 抵抗力。 【句析】far more resistant to disease than the ones farmers used twenty years ago 为比较结构，the ones 指代 the crops，farmers used... 是省略关系词的定语从句修饰 the ones；which 引导非限制性定语从句指代整个主句。 7．【答案】disturbed 【考点】词形变化——feel 后接形容词作表语，修饰人用 -ed 形容词。 【派生】disturb vt. 使不安；打扰 → disturbed adj. 心烦意乱的，感到不安的（be/feel disturbed by 被……困扰）。 【句析】the way 后接定语从句 some people talked about the disabled（省略关系词 that 或 in which）；so 引导结果状语从句；to voice her opinion 为不定式作目的状语。 8．【答案】relationship 【考点】词形变化——whether 从句中作主语需用名词。 【派生】relate vi. & vt. 联系；叙述 → relationship n. 关系（可数）。 【句析】It is...that... 为强调句型，被强调部分是 the way we treat people with disabilities，其中 we treat... 是省略关系词的定语从句，修饰 the way；whether...or... 引导宾语从句，will grow closer 与 (will) remain distant 并列作从句谓语。 9．【答案】symbolically 【考点】词形变化——修饰动词 shook hands 用副词。 【派生】symbol n. 象征；符号 → symbolic adj. 象征性的 → symbolically adv. 象征性地。 【句析】副词 symbolically 修饰谓语 shook hands；marking... 为现在分词短语作伴随状语；that had lasted for years 为定语从句修饰 a quarrel。 10．【答案】abnormal 【考点】词形变化——修饰名词 growth 用形容词，且句意需表“反常的”。 【派生】normal adj. 正常的，一般的 → abnormal adj. 反常的，畸形的（前缀 ab- 表否定）。 【句析】that 引导宾语从句作 have found 的宾语，从句中 abnormal growth 作主语；be linked to 表示“与……有关联”；which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个宾语从句的内容。 11．【答案】adjustment 【考点】词形变化——A small 后接名词作主语。 【派生】adjust vt. & vi. 调整；适应 → adjustment n. 调整，调节（make an adjustment to 对……作出调整）。 【句析】主句谓语为 made；it 为形式宾语，easier 为宾语补足语，真正宾语是不定式短语 to do his homework；in the wheelchair 为介词短语作后置定语修饰 the boy。 12．【答案】identity 【考点】词形变化——名词所有格 the man's 后接名词。 【派生】identify vt. 确认，认出 → identity n. 身份；一致 → identification n. 鉴定；确认。 【句析】after 引导时间状语从句，had been carried out 为过去完成时的被动语态；which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句的内容，took 的主语是 which。 13．【答案】symbolic 【考点】词形变化——修饰名词 bird 用形容词。 【派生】symbol n. 象征；符号 → symbolic adj. 象征性的 → symbolically adv. 象征性地 → symbolize vt. 象征。 【句析】has long been regarded as 为现在完成时的被动语态；as a symbolic bird 为主语补足语；that stands for peace 为定语从句修饰 a symbolic bird。 14．【答案】disabled 【考点】词形变化——be 后接形容词作表语，表示“有残疾的”。 【派生】disability n. 缺陷，障碍 → disabled adj. 有残疾的，丧失能力的（the disabled 残疾人）。 【句析】so that 引导目的状语从句；who are disabled 为定语从句修饰 people；as easily as anyone else 为同级比较结构，表示“像其他人一样容易”。 15．【答案】evident 【考点】词形变化——It is + adj. + that... 结构中，表语用形容词。 【派生】evidence n. 证据，证明 → evident adj. 明显的（It is evident that... 显然……）。 【句析】It 为形式主语，that 引导真正的主语从句；从句中 most passengers 作主语，are willing to give up 为谓语；to those in need 为介词短语，in need 作后置定语修饰 those。 16．【答案】restriction 【考点】词形变化——形容词 new 后接名词。 【派生】restrict vt. 限制，限定 → restriction n. 限制，约束（可数）。 【句析】Because of... 为介词短语作原因状语；be no longer allowed to do sth 为被动结构，表示“不再被允许做某事”；them 指代前面的 plastic bags。 17．【答案】infectious 【考点】词形变化——be highly 后接形容词作表语。 【派生】infect vt. 使感染；传染 → infection n. 传染，感染 → infected adj. 受（病毒等）感染的 → infectious adj. 传染性的。 【句析】Because 引导原因状语从句；must be kept apart from 为含情态动词的被动语态，表示“必须与……隔离”；until 引导时间状语从句，are fully cured 为被动语态。 18．【答案】identification 【考点】词形变化——介词 of 后接名词。 【派生】identify vt. 确认，认出 → identification n. 鉴定；确认（a means of identification 身份证明的方式）。 【句析】as a means of identification 为介词短语作方式状语；before entering the research centre 为时间状语（before + 动名词）；no matter how senior he or she is 为让步状语从句，须用陈述语序。 19．【答案】disability 【考点】词形变化——介词 with 后的 a 之后接可数名词单数。 【派生】disabled adj. 有残疾的 → disability n. 缺陷，障碍（可数）。 【句析】动名词短语 Growing up with a disability 作整个句子的主语，谓语是 has taught；teach sb sth 结构；than any book ever could 为比较状语从句，could 后省略了 taught him。 20．【答案】severely 【考点】词形变化——修饰过去分词 damaged 用副词。 【派生】severe adj. 十分严重的；严厉的 → severely adv. 严重地；严厉地。 【句析】was severely damaged 为被动语态，副词 severely 修饰 damaged；it took sb some time to do sth 为固定句型，it 是形式主语，to repair it 是真正的主语。 21．【答案】resistance 【考点】词形变化——such + adj. + n. 结构中填名词。 【派生】resist vi. & vt. 抵抗；抵制 → resistance n. 抵抗力；抵制（show resistance to 对……有抵抗力）。 【句析】such...that... 引导结果状语从句；to the new drug 为介词短语作后置定语修饰 resistance；had to look for another treatment 表示“不得不另寻疗法”。 22．【答案】restoration 【考点】词形变化——the 后接名词作主语。 【派生】restore vt. 恢复；修复 → restoration n. 恢复；修复（不可数）。 【句析】主句主语为 The restoration of the ancient temple，谓语是 took；which 引导非限制性定语从句修饰 the ancient temple，从句中 had been damaged 为过去完成时的被动语态；and 连接 took 与 cost 两个并列谓语。 23．【答案】adjustable 【考点】词形变化——be fully 后接形容词作表语。 【派生】adjust vt. & vi. 调整 → adjustable adj. 可调节的 → adjustment n. 调整，调节。 【句析】which 引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句；allows sb to do sth 结构中，宾语是 people of different heights，宾语补足语是 to enjoy the film comfortably。 24．【答案】disturbing 【考点】词形变化——修饰事物用 -ing 形容词，表“令人不安的”。 【派生】disturb vt. 使不安；打扰 → disturbing adj. 令人不安的 → disturbed adj. 心烦意乱的。 【句析】It 为形式主语，that 引导真正的主语从句；while chasing success 为时间状语（while + 现在分词）；a problem 为同位语，that has drawn wide attention 为定语从句修饰 a problem。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $