精品解析：福建省泉州第五中学2026-2027学年高三上学期10月阶段检测英语试题

2027届泉州第五中学高三适应性练习U11单元考 英语 全卷共12页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的考生号、姓名填写在试题卷、答题卡上。考生要认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“考生号、姓名”与考生本人考生号、姓名是否一致。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用黑色字迹签字笔在答题卡上作答。所有题目的答案均在答题卡相应位置上作答答在试卷上无效。 3．考试结束，考生必须将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What does the woman admire the man for? A. His kindness. B. His hard work. C. His professional skills. 2. What is the man probably doing? A. Cleaning his room. B. Driving his new car. C. Preparing for a test. 3. What did the woman probably love most about her trip? A. The shopping. B. The scenery. C. The skiing. 4. What does the woman ask the man to do next? A. Recommend a cheaper gift. B. Buy some chocolates. C. Lend her a computer. 5. What is the woman probably? A. A cook. B. A flower arranger. C. A nature artist. 第二节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a phone store. B. At a clothes shop. C. At a police station. 7. What is in the case? A. A wallet. B. Some cards. C. Some money. 听第7段录音，回答第8至9题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Colleagues. C. Husband and wife. 9. How did the man improve his life? A. By eating healthily. B. By exercising regularly. C. By sleeping properly. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the man finally say is the best thing about coming home? A. He gets home-cooked meals. B. He gets his clothes washed. C. He gets to live rent-free. 11. Why does the man mainly want to move out of the university’s apartment? A. He wants a place that’s less crowded. B. He wants somewhere less noisy. C. He wants to be independent. 12. What is the woman’s attitude toward the man’s decision? A. She is totally supportive. B. She is very concerned. C. She is rather confused. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13. What was probably Mary’s job before? A. She was a mental health expert. B. She was a fitness instructor. C. She was a nurse. 14. What is the main problem with elderly people according to Mary? A. They have health problems. B. They are unhappy. C. They are lonely. 15. Why did Mary come up with the idea of setting up the club? A. She wanted to earn money. B. She wanted to help old people. C. She wanted to gather more experience. 16. What is the best part of Mary’s job? A. She can travel around. B. She gets to meet kind people. C. She has flexible working hours. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the talk mainly about? A. The impact of robotics on society. B. The history of robotics in science fiction. C. The technological advancements in the 18th century. 18. When were robots first used according to Baker? A. In 1964. B. In 1984. C. In 2004. 19. What is Baker’s attitude toward the development of robots? A. Critical and doubtful. B. Hopeful but concerned. C. Forward-looking but negative. 20. What does Baker hope robots will be used for? A. Fixing cars. B. Writing novels. C. Carrying out space exploration. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Journal of Cultural Heritage, a journal of science and technology, combines diverse academic disciplines for studying problems about the awareness and conservation of cultural heritage in a wide range. The main purpose of the journal is to present innovative approaches concerning all scientific aspects related to heritage science. SPECIFIC TOPICS ·Analysis and conservation of heritage assets (资产): novel methods for studying the composition, dating, origin and new materials for the preservation of objects. ·Conservation of built heritage: analysis of historical materials and construction techniques; novel inspection, testing and monitoring techniques. ·Interaction between heritage items and the environment: the impact of climate change and risk assessment of cultural heritage. ·Digital technologies for knowledge, conservation and restoration: data analysis and modelling, long-term preservation of heritage assets. ·Museum conservation: technologies for the management and improvement of museum collections. REQUIREMENTS The articles must be of great interest for a wide audience. Thus, it is announced that the number of articles dealing with case studies will be reduced in order to favor original articles. Reports on restoration activities should present a specific technical or scientific innovation. BENEFITS TO AUTHORS We provide several author benefits after acceptance, such as free PDFs, a broad copyright policy and special earnings as follows. Details Information Deadline the 15th of every month Payment $60 per thousand words Early submission bonus a $15 bonus if submitted before the 10th of every month Please see our Guide for Authors for information on article submission. If you require further information or help, please visit our Support Center. 1. What does Journal of Cultural Heritage aim to do? A. Collect technical and scientific articles. B. Combine kinds of academic disciplines. C. Offer novel methods of heritage science. D. Promote the growth of heritage tourism. 2. Which article is more likely to be included in the journal? A. How to survive from the economic crisis. B. What we can do to produce digital assets. C. Science is improving museum collections. D. The environment is waiting for our action. 3. How much would an author get for an accepted 2,000-word article submitted on April 5th? A. $120. B. $135. C. $165. D. $180. B 14-year-old Philo Farnsworth wasn’t looking up at the sky while plowing(犁) the field at his father’s farm. He was looking down at the straight furrows(沟) that coursed over the earth. That’s when he had a sudden insight: The same way the plow went back and forth over the field, an image could be scanned electronically and then transmitted(传输) line by line, much like furrows in a field. It was a vision of the first transmittable TV image. Born in 1906 in a small apartment, he grew up in a family that moved constantly. His formal education was often interrupted, but he had something that couldn’t be taught in any classroom: an almost supernatural ability to see how things worked. By age 12, he had built an electric motor from scratch. At 13, he was repairing neighbors’ radios and electric appliances for pocket money. His teachers quickly realized they were dealing with something extraordinary. He briefly attended college, but his mind was on television, and so he dropped out and began looking for somebody to fund his ideas. That opportunity came, and he traveled to Berkeley, California, to set up shop. The TV tube Philo then developed would become the standard in broadcasting. Yet Philo spent years defending his patent and rebuilding his business after an economic crash. Like all of us, he had his share of challenges, perhaps more. But he kept pushing forward and registered hundreds of patents. Finally, on July 21, 1969, Neil Armstrong stepped out of Apollo 11 onto the moon’s surface in an area called the Sea of Tranquility. Philo Farnsworth was sitting in his living room with his wife Pem, watching the live feed—the image transmitting quickly, row by row like the furrows in a field. He turned to her and said: “Pem, this has made it all worthwhile.” 4. What was inspired by the furrows in the field? A. A type of farming equipment. B. A way of high production. C. A model of a transmitter. D. A method of image transmission. 5. What aspect about Philo amazed his teachers? A. His devotion to science. B. His genius in engineering. C. His expertise in finance. D. His popularity in the neighborhood. 6. Which of the following best summarizes Philo’s life in the 3rd paragraph? A. A hard-won victory over adversities. B. A struggle against financial setbacks. C. A leap from college dropout to celebrity. D. A lifelong pursuit of academic excellence. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage? A. From Farm Boy to Wealthy Inventor B. Bring the Moon to Your Living Room C. The Vision That Was Born on the Moon D. The Dropout Who Challenged the World C Nature words like river, moss and blossom have appeared less frequently in books over the past years. This decline, according to a study by professor Miles Richardson from the University of Derby, mirrors a broader change he has traced through 220 years of records on urbanisation, the loss of wildlife in neighbourhoods, and parents no longer passing on engagement with nature to their children. The computer modelling in the study also predicts an “extinction of experience”, with future generations continuing to lose an awareness of nature because it is not present in increasingly built-up neighbourhoods, while parents no longer pass on an “orientation(倾向)” towards the natural world. This is consistent with findings from other studies, which identify adult nature connectedness as the strongest predictor of whether a child will become close to nature. Richardson said that when he tested policy and urban environmental changes in the model he was surprised at the scale of the changes required to restore the connection to nature. Increasing biodiverse green spaces in a city by 30% might look like significant positive progress for wildlife and people but Richardson said his study suggests a city might need to be 10 times greener to turn around declines in nature connection. Efforts to simply encourage adults to engage with nature are often insufficient for lasting change. More effective are measures that build nature connection from an early age, such as forest schools for young children. Research indicates that government initiatives reshaping early education and urban design must be consistently applied over the next 25 years. Once established, this connection can become self-sustaining. Richardson said the scale of societal change required might not be as challenging as it appeared. A study on people in Sheffield found that they spent just 4 minutes and 36 seconds on average in natural spaces each day. “Increase that by ten, and people are spending 40 minutes outside every day — that may be enough,” he said. “The key is to make these gains last across generations,” he added. 8. What change has Richardson traced in his study? A. Nature words have disappeared from books. B. People have less direct contact with nature. C. Urbanisation has damaged wildlife habitats. D. Parents spend more time outdoors with kids. 9. What might cause future generations to have “extinction of experience” in the model? A. They are raised away from nature. B. They can’t adapt to changes in nature. C. High-rise buildings fill neighbourhoods. D. Schools offer few nature science lessons. 10. What is a most effective solution to the issue according to the text? A. Advancing long-term policies. B. Launching eco-friendly campaigns. C. Focusing on raising adults’ awareness. D. Enlarging green space in certain areas. 11. Richardson mentioned the study on people in Sheffield to show ________. A. nature contact varies from city to city B. people’s living habits are hard to change C. a new way to measure nature time is needed D. small efforts help improve contact with nature D Taking vitamins and minerals every day has already been shown to slow memory loss in people over 60. Now, it appears such supplements could slow ageing more generally. But this finding relied on an indirect measure of ageing, so it isn’t certain what this means in terms of health benefits. We aren’t yet at a point where it could be recommended that all older adults take vitamins, says Howard Sesso at Harvard University. That said, there may at least be small benefits with very little risk. “There have been no deleterious effects of a daily multivitamin that we’ve identified so far,” he said. To learn more about the potential benefits of multivitamin and mineral supplements, Sesso and his colleagues randomly divided 1,000 participants, with an average age of 70, into two groups: one group took the supplement, and the other took a placebo (安慰剂). “This was a very rigorous (严谨的) randomized-controlled trial: double-blind, placebo-controlled,” says Steve Horvath at the University of California, Los Angeles. “That alone sets it apart from most of the supplement literature, which relies on observational data full of other influencing factors.” Some blood was taken from the participants at the start of the study, after one year and after two years. The DNA of immune cells in their blood was then analysed to look for the presence or absence of epigenetic (表观遗传的) markers at specific sites in the genes. The patterns of epigenetic markers change in a predictable way as people age, allowing researchers to roughly estimate how old they are from blood tests. Sesso’s team used five epigenetic clocks, which all suggested that the people taking multivitamins aged more slowly than those on placebo. “I should note, however, that the effect sizes are modest,” says Horvath, who develops epigenetic clocks. “This is not a fountain of youth.” The researchers claim that the slowing of epigenetic clocks they found is equal to about four months over the two-year study period, but this may be misleading. One of the many issues with epigenetic clocks is that their estimates of how a slowing of the same degree translates into normal time vary widely between them, says Daniel Belsky at Columbia University in New York. 12. What does the underlined word “deleterious” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Beneficial. B. Harmful. C. Expected. D. Obvious. 13. What does Horvath stress in paragraph 3 regarding the study? A. The diversity of experimental samples. B. The significance of observational data. C. The possible benefits of multivitamins. D. The strictness of experimental procedures. 14. What can we learn from paragraph 4? A. Blood tests can predict how long people live. B. Epigenetic changes are similar in the two groups. C. Multivitamins have limited effect on slowing ageing. D. Epigenetic markers can check people’s immune system. 15. What does Daniel Belsky think of epigenetic clocks? A. Easy to handle. B. Subject to bias. C. Different in size. D. Error-free for researchers. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A Piece of Cake From sharing a tasty snack to allocating (分配) resources between nations, having a strategy to divide things fairly will make everyone happier. But it gets complicated when things aren’t indistinguishable substances. ____16____ Luckily, maths has some ideas. When splitting between two parties, you might know a simple and mathematically optimal (最优的) rule: I cut, you choose. Since the person cutting the cake doesn’t choose, they are motivated to cut the cake fairly. Then when the other person chooses, everyone is satisfied. ____17____ Neither participant can claim they would rather have the other person’s share. ____18____ It is more complicated, but still possible, to produce an envy-free allocation with several so-called fair-sharing algorithms. Let’s say Alex, Blake and Chris are sharing a cake. Alex cuts the cake into three pieces, equal in value to him. Then Blake judges if there are at least two pieces he would be happy with. If Blake says yes, Chris chooses a piece; Blake chooses next, pleased to get one of the two pieces he liked, followed by Alex, who would be satisfied with any of the pieces. If Blake doesn’t think Alex’s split was fair, Chris looks to see if there are two pieces he would take. ____19____ If both Blake and Chris reject Alex’s initial chop, then there must be at least one piece they both thought was no good. This piece goes to Alex. ____20____ The remaining two pieces are back together to create one piece of cake for Blake and Chris to perform the rule “I cut, you choose” on. So whatever is being shared, maths can help prevent arguments. A. What if there are more people? B. If not, Chris cuts the remaining pieces. C. They take turns to pick their favorite piece. D. If yes, Blake picks first, then Chris, then Alex. E. This results in what is called an envy-free allocation. F. He is still happy, because he thought the pieces were all fine. G. For example, cake pieces with cherries on top seem more desirable. 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My son is tidying the living room with proper attention. This has never happened before and he’s doing it all with a ____21____ on his face. He is to be ____22____ for these exercises, but what really delights him is that this money will fund his ____23____ in Break The Rules Day. We first became ____24____ of this fundraising event for his school when he started talking about it last week. This, in itself, was extremely ____25____, since my son usually refuses to reveal anything that ____26____ between 9 and 3:30 unless medically necessary. Break The Rules Day was clearly, ____27____, something worth getting excited about. When the letter from school arrived, we ____28____ why. It read like a menu, itemising all the rules he and his classmates would be ____29____ to break, 11 in all, each priced at 50p. Some of the ____30____ items were so specific that they cast a strange new ____31____ on the usual do’s and don’ts of classroom life, like “Choose where you sit” or “Wear a cap in class”. My son had ticked every single ____32____ once — some with such ____33____ that he’d very nearly torn through the paper with his pen. This makes his sudden willingness to do chores immediately ____34____. As my son busies himself, I remind him to ____35____ his uniform in the laundry basket (洗衣篮). “What’s the laundry basket?” comes his cheerful, and definitive, reply. 21. A. tear B. smile C. mask D. shadow 22. A. paid B. punished C. tested D. praised 23. A. education B. project C. research D. participation 24. A. proud B. cautious C. tired D. aware 25. A. moving B. novel C. annoying D. lucky 26. A. goes on B. stands out C. catches up D. pulls through 27. A. instead B. besides C. therefore D. still 28. A. wondered B. learned C. explained D. examined 29. A. allowed B. encouraged C. required D. forbidden 30. A. removed B. donated C. listed D. invented 31. A. spell B. light C. doubt D. vote 32. A. box B. word C. deadline D. role 33. A. ease B. care C. force D. precision 34. A. suspicious B. acceptable C. surprising D. comprehensible 35. A. hide B. adjust C. place D. recycle 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Scots may well have standardized golf as we know it, making ____36____ a game of 18 holes. But it is still uncertain ____37____ first came up with the idea. The Romans played a game called paganica, in which a ball stuffed with feathers and wool ____38____ (hit) with a bent stick, while the Dutch played a stick-and-ball game called colf as early as the 13th century. But the most interesting — and in many ways convincing — evidence ever ____39____ (document) of an early version of golf comes from China. A game called chuiwan became popular in the Song dynasty. Players used ten clubs to hit wooden balls towards ____40____ (bright) coloured flags — sound familiar? They had a club for long distances, a precursor (前身) of the modern-day driver, and the tee was called the ji, or base ____41____ English. There was even an early version of the R&A Rules of Golf: Wan Jing, or The Classic of the Ball, published during the Yuan dynasty. It ____42____ (lay) out the rules, and placed great ____43____ (emphasize) on sportsmanship and correct behaviour — similar to modern golf. There’s also a reference in an ancient book to an official of the Southern Tang dynasty ____44____ (tell) his daughter to “dig holes in the ground” so he could hit a ball into them using a special stick. The game seems ____45____ (die) out in China during the Qing dynasty, but it certainly qualifies as a royal and ancient game. 附加题 (第二节：单句语法填空;共10题，每小题1.5分) 46. He moved out of his rented flat after a ________ (complain) from his neighbors about disturbing the peace. (所给词的适当形式填空) 47. The suit, ________ (tailor) specially for the ceremony, fitted him perfectly and drew admiring glances. (所给词的适当形式填空) 48. Her face turned pale at the news — we might ________ (reveal) it to her too suddenly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 49. Responsibility comes not with age, but with ________ (mature). (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. Spending the holidays in Britain wasn’t a prospect that I found particularly ________(appeal).（用所给词的适当形式填空） 词组填空：从方框中选合适短语，使用适当形式完成句子，两项多余。 end up; burst into; come across; put forward; turn down; hold on; put out 51. His application for the position ___________ last week because of his lack of relevant experience. 52. By the time the backup crew arrived, the firefighters ___________ the fire after hours of fierce battling. 53. ___________ to the rope tightly, the elderly climber inched his way across the icy cliff. 54. The plan ___________ at the meeting last week is now under careful discussion. 55. Off the trail and lost in the mountain, they ___________ spending a freezing night in a rough hut. 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 56. 你将参加英语课上的“一分钟演讲”活动。请你针对部分同学在校园内用手机拍摄短视频的现象写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：(1)陈述看法(2)提出建议 注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My Views on Filming Short Videos on Campus Good morning, boys and girls! Recently, there has been a growing trend of students filming short videos on campus. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节(满分25分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The crowd roared as I took off from the starting line in The Big Race. Through the cheers, I heard Mom shouting, “Run, Sammy, run!” I knew without looking that she was smiling from ear to ear and clapping her hands for me. I kept my eyes straight ahead running as fast as I could. “Run, run, run,” I chanted to myself in my mind as I passed my friend Justin. I saw Justin’s red face out of the corner of my eye and wondered if my own face was that red too? “Run, run, run.” I was on fire, passing Sarah, leaving her in my dust. The coach was waiting for me at the finish line.holding the medal,for the fastest runner in kindergarten. I would wear that blue and white ribbon around my neck when we go out for ice cream to celebrate and then hang it in my room. Last night I took the collection of caps off the hook on my wall leaving it ready for my shiny new medal .I couldn’t wait to see it every day when I woke up. Dad was there in the crowd also and would pick me up and put me on his shoulders to carry around. “My son!” He would tell the other fathers, “My son won the race!” I was going to win! Faster than Sarah, I came up behind Mikey, giving my legs that extra burst of energy to pass him by. The winner, Sammy! All that running in the park was worth it! Just as I heard the roar of the crowd welcoming me to the finish line,I saw a blur out of the corner of my eye.What?There was Justin with his tomato cheeks running as fast as humanly possible,huffing and puffing like he was going to blow the house down.And then he was ir front of me.I was behind tomato face Justin.Crossing the finish line,I heard the voice over the loudspeaker boom,“Congratulations to the winner,Justin!" Congratulations to Justin? Congratulations to Justin. 注意： (1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I stood there frozen as Justin was handed his medal. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly, strong hands lifted me onto Dad’s shoulders. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 2027届泉州第五中学高三适应性练习U11单元考 英语 全卷共12页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。 注意事项： 1．答题前，考生务必将自己的考生号、姓名填写在试题卷、答题卡上。考生要认真核对答题卡上粘贴的条形码的“考生号、姓名”与考生本人考生号、姓名是否一致。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，用黑色字迹签字笔在答题卡上作答。所有题目的答案均在答题卡相应位置上作答答在试卷上无效。 3．考试结束，考生必须将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。 1. What does the woman admire the man for? A. His kindness. B. His hard work. C. His professional skills. 2. What is the man probably doing? A. Cleaning his room. B. Driving his new car. C. Preparing for a test. 3. What did the woman probably love most about her trip? A. The shopping. B. The scenery. C. The skiing. 4. What does the woman ask the man to do next? A. Recommend a cheaper gift. B. Buy some chocolates. C. Lend her a computer. 5. What is the woman probably? A. A cook. B. A flower arranger. C. A nature artist. 第二节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段录音。每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。 听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。 6. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. At a phone store. B. At a clothes shop. C. At a police station. 7. What is in the case? A. A wallet. B. Some cards. C. Some money. 听第7段录音，回答第8至9题。 8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Colleagues. C. Husband and wife. 9. How did the man improve his life? A. By eating healthily. B. By exercising regularly. C. By sleeping properly. 听第8段录音，回答第10至12题。 10. What does the man finally say is the best thing about coming home? A. He gets home-cooked meals. B. He gets his clothes washed. C. He gets to live rent-free. 11. Why does the man mainly want to move out of the university’s apartment? A. He wants a place that’s less crowded. B. He wants somewhere less noisy. C. He wants to be independent. 12. What is the woman’s attitude toward the man’s decision? A. She is totally supportive. B. She is very concerned. C. She is rather confused. 听第9段录音，回答第13至16题。 13. What was probably Mary’s job before? A. She was a mental health expert. B. She was a fitness instructor. C. She was a nurse. 14. What is the main problem with elderly people according to Mary? A. They have health problems. B. They are unhappy. C. They are lonely. 15. Why did Mary come up with the idea of setting up the club? A. She wanted to earn money. B. She wanted to help old people. C. She wanted to gather more experience. 16. What is the best part of Mary’s job? A. She can travel around. B. She gets to meet kind people. C. She has flexible working hours. 听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。 17. What is the talk mainly about? A. The impact of robotics on society. B. The history of robotics in science fiction. C. The technological advancements in the 18th century. 18. When were robots first used according to Baker? A. In 1964. B. In 1984. C. In 2004. 19. What is Baker’s attitude toward the development of robots? A. Critical and doubtful. B. Hopeful but concerned. C. Forward-looking but negative. 20. What does Baker hope robots will be used for? A. Fixing cars. B. Writing novels. C. Carrying out space exploration. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Journal of Cultural Heritage, a journal of science and technology, combines diverse academic disciplines for studying problems about the awareness and conservation of cultural heritage in a wide range. The main purpose of the journal is to present innovative approaches concerning all scientific aspects related to heritage science. SPECIFIC TOPICS ·Analysis and conservation of heritage assets (资产): novel methods for studying the composition, dating, origin and new materials for the preservation of objects. ·Conservation of built heritage: analysis of historical materials and construction techniques; novel inspection, testing and monitoring techniques. ·Interaction between heritage items and the environment: the impact of climate change and risk assessment of cultural heritage. ·Digital technologies for knowledge, conservation and restoration: data analysis and modelling, long-term preservation of heritage assets. ·Museum conservation: technologies for the management and improvement of museum collections. REQUIREMENTS The articles must be of great interest for a wide audience. Thus, it is announced that the number of articles dealing with case studies will be reduced in order to favor original articles. Reports on restoration activities should present a specific technical or scientific innovation. BENEFITS TO AUTHORS We provide several author benefits after acceptance, such as free PDFs, a broad copyright policy and special earnings as follows. Details Information Deadline the 15th of every month Payment $60 per thousand words Early submission bonus a $15 bonus if submitted before the 10th of every month Please see our Guide for Authors for information on article submission. If you require further information or help, please visit our Support Center. 1. What does Journal of Cultural Heritage aim to do? A. Collect technical and scientific articles. B. Combine kinds of academic disciplines. C. Offer novel methods of heritage science. D. Promote the growth of heritage tourism. 2. Which article is more likely to be included in the journal? A. How to survive from the economic crisis. B. What we can do to produce digital assets. C. Science is improving museum collections. D. The environment is waiting for our action. 3. How much would an author get for an accepted 2,000-word article submitted on April 5th? A. $120. B. $135. C. $165. D. $180. 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了《文化遗产杂志》的概况、征稿要求及被录用的稿件的福利。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The main purpose of the journal is to present innovative approaches concerning all scientific aspects related to heritage science.(本刊的主要目的是介绍与遗产科学有关的所有科学方面的创新方法)”可知，该期刊的主要目的是提供遗产科学的新方法。故选C项。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据SPECIFIC TOPICS中“Museum conservation: technologies for the management and improvement of museum collections.(博物馆保护：管理和改善博物馆藏品的技术)”可知，该期刊关注博物馆保护方面的内容，C选项“Science is improving museum collections.(科学正在改善博物馆藏品)”符合博物馆保护这一主题，由此可推知，“科学正在改善博物馆藏品”这篇文章有可能被收录在期刊上。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据BENEFITS TO AUTHORS 中“Payment $60 per thousand words(稿费 每千字支付60美元)”以及“Early submission bonus a $15 bonus if submitted before the 10th of every month(提前提交奖金：如果在每10号之前提交，将获得15美元奖金)”可知，文章提到稿费是每千字60美元，2000字的文章稿费应为2×60=120美元。又因为在每月10号前提交有15美元的奖金，4月5号提交满足此条件，所以总共可得120+15=135美元，B选项正确。故选B项。 B 14-year-old Philo Farnsworth wasn’t looking up at the sky while plowing(犁) the field at his father’s farm. He was looking down at the straight furrows(沟) that coursed over the earth. That’s when he had a sudden insight: The same way the plow went back and forth over the field, an image could be scanned electronically and then transmitted(传输) line by line, much like furrows in a field. It was a vision of the first transmittable TV image. Born in 1906 in a small apartment, he grew up in a family that moved constantly. His formal education was often interrupted, but he had something that couldn’t be taught in any classroom: an almost supernatural ability to see how things worked. By age 12, he had built an electric motor from scratch. At 13, he was repairing neighbors’ radios and electric appliances for pocket money. His teachers quickly realized they were dealing with something extraordinary. He briefly attended college, but his mind was on television, and so he dropped out and began looking for somebody to fund his ideas. That opportunity came, and he traveled to Berkeley, California, to set up shop. The TV tube Philo then developed would become the standard in broadcasting. Yet Philo spent years defending his patent and rebuilding his business after an economic crash. Like all of us, he had his share of challenges, perhaps more. But he kept pushing forward and registered hundreds of patents. Finally, on July 21, 1969, Neil Armstrong stepped out of Apollo 11 onto the moon’s surface in an area called the Sea of Tranquility. Philo Farnsworth was sitting in his living room with his wife Pem, watching the live feed—the image transmitting quickly, row by row like the furrows in a field. He turned to her and said: “Pem, this has made it all worthwhile.” 4. What was inspired by the furrows in the field? A. A type of farming equipment. B. A way of high production. C. A model of a transmitter. D. A method of image transmission. 5. What aspect about Philo amazed his teachers? A. His devotion to science. B. His genius in engineering. C. His expertise in finance. D. His popularity in the neighborhood. 6. Which of the following best summarizes Philo’s life in the 3rd paragraph? A. A hard-won victory over adversities. B. A struggle against financial setbacks. C. A leap from college dropout to celebrity. D. A lifelong pursuit of academic excellence. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the passage? A. From Farm Boy to Wealthy Inventor B. Bring the Moon to Your Living Room C. The Vision That Was Born on the Moon D. The Dropout Who Challenged the World 【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. B 【解析】 【导语】文章主要讲述了14岁的Philo Farnsworth在农场耕地时受到田垄的启发，有了图像传输的想法，后来他成功研发出电视显像管，经历诸多挑战后，最终看到阿波罗11号登月的实时画面，感慨一切付出都值得。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“That’s when he had a sudden insight: The same way the plow went back and forth over the field, an image could be scanned electronically and then transmitted line by line, much like furrows in a field. It was a vision of the first transmittable (传输)TV image.(就在那时，他有了一个突然的领悟：就像犁在田地里来回耕作一样，图像可以通过电子扫描，然后逐行传输，就像田地里的田垄一样。这是对第一个可传输的电视图像的构想)”可知，田地里的田垄启发了图像传输的方法。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“By age 12, he had built an electric motor from scratch. At 13, he was repairing neighbors’ radios and electric appliances for pocket money.His teachers quickly realized they were dealing with something extraordinary.(12岁时，他就从零开始制造了一台电动机。13岁时，他开始为邻居修理收音机和电器来赚零花钱。他的老师们很快意识到，他们面对的是一个非凡的人。)”可知，Philo在工程方面的天赋让老师们感到惊讶。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“Yet Philo spent years defending his patent and rebuilding his business after an economic crash. Like all of us, he had his share of challenges, perhaps more. But he kept pushing forward and registered hundreds of patents.(然而，在一次经济崩溃后，Philo花了数年时间维护自己的专利并重建自己的企业。像我们所有人一样，他也面临过种种挑战，或许更多。但他不断前进，注册了数百项专利)”可知，Philo的生活充满了挑战，但他始终坚持前行，最终取得了成功，可推理出这体现了他在逆境中来之不易的胜利。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。根据倒数第二段中“Finally, on July 21, 1969, Neil Armstrong stepped out of Apollo 11 onto the moon’s surface in an area called the Sea of Tranquility.(最终，1969年7月21日，尼尔·阿姆斯特朗从阿波罗11号飞船踏上月球表面，降落在一个名为宁静海的地方)”以及最后一段中“Philo Farnsworth was sitting in his living room with his wife Pem, watching the live feed—the image transmitting quickly, row by row like the furrows in a field.(Philo Farnsworth和妻子Pem坐在客厅里，观看现场直播——图像一行接一行地快速传输，就像田地里的田垄一样)”可知，文章最后提到Philo在自己的客厅里通过自己发明的图像传输技术，观看到了登月的实时画面，B项“Bring the Moon to Your Living Room(把月亮带进客厅)”形象地概括了这一情节，同时也体现了他发明的电视技术的重大意义，最适合作为文章标题。 C Nature words like river, moss and blossom have appeared less frequently in books over the past years. This decline, according to a study by professor Miles Richardson from the University of Derby, mirrors a broader change he has traced through 220 years of records on urbanisation, the loss of wildlife in neighbourhoods, and parents no longer passing on engagement with nature to their children. The computer modelling in the study also predicts an “extinction of experience”, with future generations continuing to lose an awareness of nature because it is not present in increasingly built-up neighbourhoods, while parents no longer pass on an “orientation(倾向)” towards the natural world. This is consistent with findings from other studies, which identify adult nature connectedness as the strongest predictor of whether a child will become close to nature. Richardson said that when he tested policy and urban environmental changes in the model he was surprised at the scale of the changes required to restore the connection to nature. Increasing biodiverse green spaces in a city by 30% might look like significant positive progress for wildlife and people but Richardson said his study suggests a city might need to be 10 times greener to turn around declines in nature connection. Efforts to simply encourage adults to engage with nature are often insufficient for lasting change. More effective are measures that build nature connection from an early age, such as forest schools for young children. Research indicates that government initiatives reshaping early education and urban design must be consistently applied over the next 25 years. Once established, this connection can become self-sustaining. Richardson said the scale of societal change required might not be as challenging as it appeared. A study on people in Sheffield found that they spent just 4 minutes and 36 seconds on average in natural spaces each day. “Increase that by ten, and people are spending 40 minutes outside every day — that may be enough,” he said. “The key is to make these gains last across generations,” he added. 8. What change has Richardson traced in his study? A. Nature words have disappeared from books. B. People have less direct contact with nature. C. Urbanisation has damaged wildlife habitats. D. Parents spend more time outdoors with kids. 9. What might cause future generations to have “extinction of experience” in the model? A. They are raised away from nature. B. They can’t adapt to changes in nature. C. High-rise buildings fill neighbourhoods. D. Schools offer few nature science lessons. 10. What is a most effective solution to the issue according to the text? A. Advancing long-term policies. B. Launching eco-friendly campaigns. C. Focusing on raising adults’ awareness. D. Enlarging green space in certain areas. 11. Richardson mentioned the study on people in Sheffield to show ________. A. nature contact varies from city to city B. people’s living habits are hard to change C. a new way to measure nature time is needed D. small efforts help improve contact with nature 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. A 11. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了近年来，书籍中自然词汇减少，反映出人们与自然的接触日益减少。研究表明，城市化、长辈不再引导孩子亲近自然等因素，可能导致后代出现“自然体验的灭绝”。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“This decline, according to a study by professor Miles Richardson from the University of Derby, mirrors a broader change he has traced through 220 years of records on urbanisation, the loss of wildlife in neighbourhoods, and parents no longer passing on engagement with nature to their children.(据德比大学的Miles Richardson教授的一项研究显示，这种下降趋势反映了他所追踪到的更为广泛的变革：220年来的城市化记录、社区内野生动物的减少，以及父母不再将与自然的接触方式传递给子女的现象。)” 可知，Richardson追踪到的核心变化是：城市化、社区野生生物减少、父母不再传递亲近自然的习惯，即，人们和自然的直接接触变少了。故选B项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“The computer modelling in the study also predicts an ‘extinction of experience’, with future generations continuing to lose an awareness of nature because it is not present in increasingly built-up neighbourhoods, while parents no longer pass on an ‘orientation’ towards the natural world.(该研究中的计算机模型还预测会出现“体验灭绝”现象，未来的世代将会逐渐失去对自然界的认知，因为自然环境已不再存在于日益密集的居民区之中，而父母们也不再向孩子们传递对自然世界的“认知导向”。)”可知，“体验灭绝”的原因是：社区逐渐被建筑覆盖，自然消失，同时父母不再传递亲近自然的倾向，即，下一代成长环境本身就远离自然。故选A项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“More effective are measures that build nature connection from an early age, such as forest schools for young children. Research indicates that government initiatives reshaping early education and urban design must be consistently applied over the next 25 years. Once established, this connection can become self-sustaining.(更为有效的是那些能在孩子幼年时期就建立与自然联系的措施，比如为幼儿设立的森林学校。研究表明，政府针对早期教育和城市规划的改革举措必须在未来 25 年内持续推行。一旦这种联系得以确立，它就能实现自我维持。)”可知，更有效的方式是从小培养亲近自然的连接，政府调整早期教育和城市设计的举措，必须在未来25年持续推行，即长期政策才是有效的解决方案。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“A study on people in Sheffield found that they spent just 4 minutes and 36 seconds on average in natural spaces each day. ‘Increase that by ten, and people are spending 40 minutes outside every day — that may be enough,’ he said.(一项针对谢菲尔德市民的研究发现，他们平均每天在自然环境中停留的时间仅为4分36秒。“将这个时间增加 10 倍，人们每天就能在户外度过 40 分钟 —— 这或许已经足够了。”)”提及谢菲尔德市民每天只在自然环境中停留4分36秒，而只需增加十倍到四十分钟就够了，即，不用巨大改变，小努力就能提升亲近自然的时间。故选D项。 D Taking vitamins and minerals every day has already been shown to slow memory loss in people over 60. Now, it appears such supplements could slow ageing more generally. But this finding relied on an indirect measure of ageing, so it isn’t certain what this means in terms of health benefits. We aren’t yet at a point where it could be recommended that all older adults take vitamins, says Howard Sesso at Harvard University. That said, there may at least be small benefits with very little risk. “There have been no deleterious effects of a daily multivitamin that we’ve identified so far,” he said. To learn more about the potential benefits of multivitamin and mineral supplements, Sesso and his colleagues randomly divided 1,000 participants, with an average age of 70, into two groups: one group took the supplement, and the other took a placebo (安慰剂). “This was a very rigorous (严谨的) randomized-controlled trial: double-blind, placebo-controlled,” says Steve Horvath at the University of California, Los Angeles. “That alone sets it apart from most of the supplement literature, which relies on observational data full of other influencing factors.” Some blood was taken from the participants at the start of the study, after one year and after two years. The DNA of immune cells in their blood was then analysed to look for the presence or absence of epigenetic (表观遗传的) markers at specific sites in the genes. The patterns of epigenetic markers change in a predictable way as people age, allowing researchers to roughly estimate how old they are from blood tests. Sesso’s team used five epigenetic clocks, which all suggested that the people taking multivitamins aged more slowly than those on placebo. “I should note, however, that the effect sizes are modest,” says Horvath, who develops epigenetic clocks. “This is not a fountain of youth.” The researchers claim that the slowing of epigenetic clocks they found is equal to about four months over the two-year study period, but this may be misleading. One of the many issues with epigenetic clocks is that their estimates of how a slowing of the same degree translates into normal time vary widely between them, says Daniel Belsky at Columbia University in New York. 12. What does the underlined word “deleterious” in paragraph 2 mean? A. Beneficial. B. Harmful. C. Expected. D. Obvious. 13. What does Horvath stress in paragraph 3 regarding the study? A. The diversity of experimental samples. B. The significance of observational data. C. The possible benefits of multivitamins. D. The strictness of experimental procedures. 14. What can we learn from paragraph 4? A. Blood tests can predict how long people live. B. Epigenetic changes are similar in the two groups. C. Multivitamins have limited effect on slowing ageing. D. Epigenetic markers can check people’s immune system. 15. What does Daniel Belsky think of epigenetic clocks? A. Easy to handle. B. Subject to bias. C. Different in size. D. Error-free for researchers. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. C 15. B 【解析】 【导语】主要介绍相关研究发现复合维生素或可延缓衰老，同时说明该研究的实验过程、效果有限以及表观遗传时钟存在不足。 【12题详解】 词句猜测题。根据第二段中的“That said, there may at least be small benefits with very little risk. “There have been no deleterious effects of a daily multivitamin that we’ve identified so far,” he said.(尽管如此，它至少有一些微小益处，且风险很低。他说：“到目前为止，我们还没有发现每日服用复合维生素会产生deleterious影响。”)”可知，前文提到风险很小，由此推断deleterious表示“有害的”。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的““This was a very rigorous (严谨的) randomized‑controlled trial: double‑blind, placebo‑controlled,” says Steve Horvath at the University of California, Los Angeles.(加州大学洛杉矶分校的史蒂夫·霍瓦特表示：“这是一项十分严谨的随机对照试验：双盲、安慰剂对照。”)”可知，霍瓦特强调该研究实验流程十分严格。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第四段中的““I should note, however, that the effect sizes are modest,” says Horvath, who develops epigenetic clocks. “This is not a fountain of youth.”(研发表观遗传时钟的霍瓦特表示：“不过我必须说明，它的效果有限。这并不是青春之泉。”)”可知，复合维生素在延缓衰老方面效果有限。 【15题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“One of the many issues with epigenetic clocks is that their estimates of how a slowing of the same degree translates into normal time vary widely between them, says Daniel Belsky at Columbia University in New York.(纽约哥伦比亚大学的丹尼尔・贝尔斯基表示，表观遗传时钟存在诸多问题，其中之一是：对于同等程度的衰老放缓对应实际时间如何变化，不同时钟的估算结果差异很大。)”可知，表观遗传时钟的估算结果并不统一，容易存在偏差。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 A Piece of Cake From sharing a tasty snack to allocating (分配) resources between nations, having a strategy to divide things fairly will make everyone happier. But it gets complicated when things aren’t indistinguishable substances. ____16____ Luckily, maths has some ideas. When splitting between two parties, you might know a simple and mathematically optimal (最优的) rule: I cut, you choose. Since the person cutting the cake doesn’t choose, they are motivated to cut the cake fairly. Then when the other person chooses, everyone is satisfied. ____17____ Neither participant can claim they would rather have the other person’s share. ____18____ It is more complicated, but still possible, to produce an envy-free allocation with several so-called fair-sharing algorithms. Let’s say Alex, Blake and Chris are sharing a cake. Alex cuts the cake into three pieces, equal in value to him. Then Blake judges if there are at least two pieces he would be happy with. If Blake says yes, Chris chooses a piece; Blake chooses next, pleased to get one of the two pieces he liked, followed by Alex, who would be satisfied with any of the pieces. If Blake doesn’t think Alex’s split was fair, Chris looks to see if there are two pieces he would take. ____19____ If both Blake and Chris reject Alex’s initial chop, then there must be at least one piece they both thought was no good. This piece goes to Alex. ____20____ The remaining two pieces are back together to create one piece of cake for Blake and Chris to perform the rule “I cut, you choose” on. So whatever is being shared, maths can help prevent arguments. A. What if there are more people? B. If not, Chris cuts the remaining pieces. C. They take turns to pick their favorite piece. D. If yes, Blake picks first, then Chris, then Alex. E. This results in what is called an envy-free allocation. F. He is still happy, because he thought the pieces were all fine. G. For example, cake pieces with cherries on top seem more desirable. 【答案】16. G 17. E 18. A 19. D 20. F 【解析】 【导语】文章介绍公平分物的数学方法，讲解两人及多人无嫉妒分配蛋糕的具体规则。 【16题详解】 上文“But it gets complicated when things aren’t indistinguishable substances.(当物品并非完全无差别时，分配就会变得复杂)”指出非完全相同物品分配有难度。空后“Luckily, maths has some ideas.(幸运的是数学有解决办法)”引出解决方式。空处需要举例说明物品存在差异的情况。选项G“For example, cake pieces with cherries on top seem more desirable.(例如带樱桃的蛋糕块更受人青睐)”承接上文举例论证，符合语境。 【17题详解】 上文“When splitting between two parties, you might know a simple and mathematically optimal (最优的) rule: I cut, you choose. Since the person cutting the cake doesn’t choose, they are motivated to cut the cake fairly. Then when the other person chooses, everyone is satisfied.(当两方进行分配时，或许你会知道一个简单且在数学上最优的规则：我来切，你来选。因为切蛋糕的人不参与选择环节，所以他们会努力做到公平切蛋糕。然后当另一个人进行选择时，所有人都会感到满意)”介绍两人公平分蛋糕的方法。空后“Neither participant can claim they would rather have the other person’s share.(双方都不会羡慕对方的份额)”说明该分配方式的效果。空处需要对这种分配方式下定义。选项E“This results in what is called an envy-free allocation.(这就形成了所谓的无嫉妒分配)”承接前文规则，引出专业定义，契合上下文逻辑。 【18题详解】 后文“It is more complicated, but still possible, to produce an envy-free allocation with several so-called fair-sharing algorithms.(多人实现无嫉妒分配更复杂但可行)”开始介绍多人分配的方法。空处需要提出人数增多的设问，引出下文内容。选项A“What if there are more people?(如果人数更多该怎么办)”起到承上启下的过渡作用，符合语境。 【19题详解】 上文“If Blake doesn’t think Alex’s split was fair, Chris looks to see if there are two pieces he would take.(如果Blake认为分得不公，Chris会判断是否有两块自己愿意接受)”设定假设条件。空处需要承接假设成立后的分配顺序。选项D“If yes, Blake picks first, then Chris, then Alex.(如果愿意，Blake先选，接着是Chris，最后是Alex)”对应前文假设，衔接分配流程，符合语境。 【20题详解】 上文“If both Blake and Chris reject Alex’s initial chop, then there must be at least one piece they both thought was no good. This piece goes to Alex.(若两人都不认可分法，就把两人都不看好的那块分给Alex)”说明蛋糕分配方式。空后“The remaining two pieces are back together to create one piece of cake for Blake and Chris to perform the rule “I cut, you choose” on.(剩余蛋糕重新合并，由两人按规则分配)”介绍后续安排。空处需要说明Alex拿到这块蛋糕后的心态。选项F“He is still happy, because he thought the pieces were all fine.(他依旧满意，因为他原本认为每块蛋糕都一样好)”承接上文分配结果，逻辑通顺，符合语境。 第三部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 My son is tidying the living room with proper attention. This has never happened before and he’s doing it all with a ____21____ on his face. He is to be ____22____ for these exercises, but what really delights him is that this money will fund his ____23____ in Break The Rules Day. We first became ____24____ of this fundraising event for his school when he started talking about it last week. This, in itself, was extremely ____25____, since my son usually refuses to reveal anything that ____26____ between 9 and 3:30 unless medically necessary. Break The Rules Day was clearly, ____27____, something worth getting excited about. When the letter from school arrived, we ____28____ why. It read like a menu, itemising all the rules he and his classmates would be ____29____ to break, 11 in all, each priced at 50p. Some of the ____30____ items were so specific that they cast a strange new ____31____ on the usual do’s and don’ts of classroom life, like “Choose where you sit” or “Wear a cap in class”. My son had ticked every single ____32____ once — some with such ____33____ that he’d very nearly torn through the paper with his pen. This makes his sudden willingness to do chores immediately ____34____. As my son busies himself, I remind him to ____35____ his uniform in the laundry basket (洗衣篮). “What’s the laundry basket?” comes his cheerful, and definitive, reply. 21. A. tear B. smile C. mask D. shadow 22. A. paid B. punished C. tested D. praised 23. A. education B. project C. research D. participation 24. A. proud B. cautious C. tired D. aware 25. A. moving B. novel C. annoying D. lucky 26. A. goes on B. stands out C. catches up D. pulls through 27. A. instead B. besides C. therefore D. still 28. A. wondered B. learned C. explained D. examined 29. A. allowed B. encouraged C. required D. forbidden 30. A. removed B. donated C. listed D. invented 31. A. spell B. light C. doubt D. vote 32. A. box B. word C. deadline D. role 33. A. ease B. care C. force D. precision 34. A. suspicious B. acceptable C. surprising D. comprehensible 35. A. hide B. adjust C. place D. recycle 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. D 25. B 26. A 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者的儿子一反常态地认真整理客厅。原来他做家务能获得报酬，而这笔钱将用于参加学校的“打破规则日”活动。这项筹款活动允许学生付费打破多项校规，儿子对此热情极高，勾选了所有项目，这也让他突然主动做家务的行为变得合理。 【21题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这事儿以前从没发生过，而且他做这一切时脸上带着微笑。A. tear眼泪；B. smile微笑；C. mask面具；D. shadow阴影。根据后文“what really delights him ”可知，儿子心情喜悦，脸上带着微笑。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些家务会给他报酬，但真正让他开心的是，这笔钱将资助他参加“打破规则日”。A. paid付费；B. punished惩罚；C. tested测试；D. praised表扬。根据下文“this money will fund”可知做家务能获得报酬，be paid for“因……获酬”是固定搭配，符合逻辑，故选A。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些家务会给他报酬，但真正让他开心的是，这笔钱将资助他参加“打破规则日”。A. education教育；B. project项目；C. research研究；D. participation参与。根据“Break The Rules Day”可知，此处是指参加这个活动，participation in“参与……”为固定搭配，指参与活动，符合语境，故选D。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：上周他开始谈论这件事时，我们才第一次知道学校的这个筹款活动。A. proud自豪的；B. cautious谨慎的；C. tired疲倦的；D. aware意识到。根据“when he started talking about it last week.”可知，儿子谈论之后，作者他们才首次知道有这个活动。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这本身就很新奇，因为我儿子通常拒绝透露上午9点到下午3点半之间发生的任何事情，除非有医疗必要。A. moving感人的；B. novel新奇的；C. annoying烦人的；D. lucky幸运的。根据“since my son usually refuses to reveal anything”可知，儿子通常不透露上午9点到下午3点半之间的活动，因此他谈论此事显得很新奇。故选B。 【26题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：这本身就很新奇，因为我儿子通常拒绝透露上午9点到下午3点半之间发生的任何事情，除非有医疗必要。A. goes on发生；B. stands out突出；C. catches up赶上；D. pulls through渡过难关。根据“between 9 and 3:30”可知，此处指这期间学校发生的事情。故选A。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：因此，“打破规则日”的存在显然是一件值得兴奋的事。A. instead反而；B. besides此外；C. therefore因此；D. still仍然。前文提到儿子主动谈论，由此推断活动值得兴奋，表因果关系，故选C。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当学校的信寄来时，我们明白了原因。A. wondered想知道；B. learned了解到；C. explained解释；D. examined检查。根据下文信中的内容“It read like a menu, itemising all the rules he and his classmates would be  9   to break, 11 in all, each priced at 50p.”可知，作者知道活动的内容，因此了解到了儿子兴奋的原因。故选B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：信里像菜单一样，逐条列出了他和同学们被允许打破的所有规则，共11项，每项50便士。A. allowed允许；B. encouraged鼓励；C. required要求；D. forbidden禁止。根据上文“Break The Rules Day”可知，“打破规则日”的核心是被允许打破规则。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一些列出的项目非常具体，给课堂上通常的行为规范带来了新的视角，比如“选择你坐的地方”或“上课戴帽子”。A. removed移除；B. donated捐赠；C. listed列出；D. invented发明。根据上文“itemising all the rules”可知，项目被列出，此处用过去分词作定语，表被动。故选C。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些列出的项目非常具体，给课堂上通常的行为规范带来了新的视角，比如“选择你坐的地方”或“上课戴帽子”。A. spell一段时间；B. light视角；C. doubt怀疑；D. vote投票。根据下文“like “Choose where you sit” or “Wear a cap in class”. ”可知，有些项目给课堂通常行为带来了新视角，cast a new light on“给……带来新视角”是固定搭配，符合语境，故选B。 【32题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我儿子把每个方框都勾选了一遍——有些勾选用力过猛，差点用笔把纸戳破。A. box方框；B. word单词；C. deadline截止日期；D. role角色。根据“My son had ticked”以及上文提到项目像菜单一样被列出可知，此处指勾选选项前的方框，故选A。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我儿子把每个方框都勾选了一遍——有些勾选用力过猛，差点用笔把纸戳破。A. ease轻松；B. care小心；C. force力量；D. precision精确。根据 “torn through the paper”可知，儿子勾选时用了很大力量，故选C。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这使得他突然愿意做家务的行为变得完全可理解。A. suspicious可疑的；B. acceptable可接受的；C. surprising令人惊讶的；D. comprehensible可理解的。根据上文“My son is tidying the living room with proper attention. This has never happened before ”和此处“willingness to do chores”可知，儿子为筹钱参加活动而主动做家务这件事变得可理解。故选D。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当儿子正忙着时，我提醒他把校服放进洗衣篮。A. hide隐藏；B. adjust调整；C. place放置；D. recycle回收。根据下文““What’s the laundry basket?” comes his cheerful, and definitive, reply.”推测，作者提醒儿子把校服放进洗衣篮，但儿子不知道洗衣篮在那儿。故选C。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The Scots may well have standardized golf as we know it, making ____36____ a game of 18 holes. But it is still uncertain ____37____ first came up with the idea. The Romans played a game called paganica, in which a ball stuffed with feathers and wool ____38____ (hit) with a bent stick, while the Dutch played a stick-and-ball game called colf as early as the 13th century. But the most interesting — and in many ways convincing — evidence ever ____39____ (document) of an early version of golf comes from China. A game called chuiwan became popular in the Song dynasty. Players used ten clubs to hit wooden balls towards ____40____ (bright) coloured flags — sound familiar? They had a club for long distances, a precursor (前身) of the modern-day driver, and the tee was called the ji, or base ____41____ English. There was even an early version of the R&A Rules of Golf: Wan Jing, or The Classic of the Ball, published during the Yuan dynasty. It ____42____ (lay) out the rules, and placed great ____43____ (emphasize) on sportsmanship and correct behaviour — similar to modern golf. There’s also a reference in an ancient book to an official of the Southern Tang dynasty ____44____ (tell) his daughter to “dig holes in the ground” so he could hit a ball into them using a special stick. The game seems ____45____ (die) out in China during the Qing dynasty, but it certainly qualifies as a royal and ancient game. 【答案】36. it 37. who 38. was hit 39. documented 40. brightly 41. in 42. laid 43. emphasis 44. telling 45. to have died 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了高尔夫运动的起源存在不确定性，且早期版本的相关证据显示其可能源于中国。 【36题详解】 考查代词。句意：苏格兰人很可能将我们所熟知的高尔夫运动标准化，使其成为一项18洞的运动。此处指代前面的golf，作making的宾语，用代词it。故填it。 【37题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：但目前仍不确定是谁首先提出了这个想法。句中it作形式主语，空处引导主语从句，从句缺少主语，指人，需用连接代词who引导。故填who。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态和语态。句意：罗马人玩一种叫做paganica的游戏，用弯曲的棍子击打塞满羽毛和羊毛的球，而荷兰人在13世纪早期就玩一种叫做colf的棍球游戏。根据played和as early as the 13th century可知，此处描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，定语从句的主语a ball和hit为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was hit。 【39题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：但迄今为止，关于高尔夫早期版本的最有趣的——在许多方面也是最有说服力的——证据来自中国。句子谓语动词是comes from，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词evidence，document和与其逻辑主语evidence为被动关系，需用过去分词形式。故填documented。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：玩家们用十根球杆将木球击向颜色鲜艳的旗帜——听起来很熟悉吧？修饰形容词coloured需用副词brightly“明亮地；鲜明地”作状语。故填brightly。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：他们有一种用于长距离的球杆，是现代一号木杆的前身，而发球台在英语中被称为“ji”或“base”。in English为固定短语，意为“用英语”。故填in。 【42题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：它制定了规则，并非常强调体育精神和正确的行为——类似于现代高尔夫。此处陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，lay的过去式是laid，lay out为固定搭配，意为“制定，列出”。故填laid。 【43题详解】 考查名词。句意同上。空处需填emphasize的名词形式emphasis作宾语，place emphasis on为固定短语，意为“强调”。故填emphasis。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在一本古籍中还提到南唐的一位官员告诉他的女儿“在地上挖洞”，这样他就可以用一根特殊的棍子把球打进洞里。空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词official，tell与其逻辑主语official为主动关系，需用现在分词形式。故填telling。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：这种运动在清朝时期似乎在中国已经消亡，但它无疑是一种皇室和古老的运动。seem to do sth.为固定短语，意为“似乎做某事”，根据during the Qing dynasty可知，此处表示已经消亡，需用动词不定式的完成式to have done。故填to have died。 附加题 (第二节：单句语法填空;共10题，每小题1.5分) 46. He moved out of his rented flat after a ________ (complain) from his neighbors about disturbing the peace. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】complaint 【解析】 【详解】句意：在邻居投诉他扰乱安宁之后，他搬出了租来的公寓。此处不定冠词a后面需要名词，complain是动词，它的名词形式是complaint，作宾语。 47. The suit, ________ (tailor) specially for the ceremony, fitted him perfectly and drew admiring glances. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】tailored 【解析】 【详解】句意：这套专门为这场仪式定制的西装非常合身，引来众人赞赏的目光。此处名词the suit和tailor之间是被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，tailor的过去分词是tailored。 48. Her face turned pale at the news — we might ________ (reveal) it to her too suddenly. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】have revealed 【解析】 【详解】句意：听到这个消息她脸色变得苍白——我们或许是把这件事告诉她得太突然了。结合句意，此处表示对过去情况的推测，所以情态动词might后接have done，此处为have revealed。 49. Responsibility comes not with age, but with ________ (mature). (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】maturity 【解析】 【详解】句意：责任并非随年龄而来，而是随成熟而来。此处介词with后面需要名词作宾语，mature是形容词，它的名词形式是maturity，意为“成熟”。 50. Spending the holidays in Britain wasn’t a prospect that I found particularly ________(appeal).（用所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】appealing 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词。句意：在英国度假并不是我认为特别有吸引力的事情。分析句子结构可知，prospect为先行词，在限制性定语从句中为found的宾语，空处需要形容词appealing，意为“有吸引力的”，作宾语补足语。故填appealing。 词组填空：从方框中选合适短语，使用适当形式完成句子，两项多余。 end up; burst into; come across; put forward; turn down; hold on; put out 51. His application for the position ___________ last week because of his lack of relevant experience. 52. By the time the backup crew arrived, the firefighters ___________ the fire after hours of fierce battling. 53. ___________ to the rope tightly, the elderly climber inched his way across the icy cliff. 54. The plan ___________ at the meeting last week is now under careful discussion. 55. Off the trail and lost in the mountain, they ___________ spending a freezing night in a rough hut. 【答案】51. was turned down 52. had put out 53. Holding on 54. put forward 55. ended up 【解析】 【51题详解】 考查固定短语与被动语态。句意：由于缺乏相关经验，他的职位申请上周被拒绝了。结合“His application for the position”和“because of his lack of relevant experience”可知，此处表达“拒绝”，使用短语turn down，主语application和turn down为被动关系，时间状语last week表示过去，用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数，所以此处为was turned down。 【52题详解】 考查固定短语与时态。句意：当支援队伍赶到的时候，消防员经过数小时的奋力扑救已经扑灭了大火。结合“the fire”可知，此处表达“扑灭”，使用短语put out，by the time引导一般过去时从句，主句动作发生在从句动作之前，要用过去完成时，所以此处为had put out。 【53题详解】 考查固定短语与非谓语动词。句意：紧紧抓住绳子，这位年长的登山者缓慢地爬过结冰的悬崖。结合“to the rope tightly”可知，此处表达“抓紧”，使用短语hold on，主语the elderly climber与hold on是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，置于句首首字母大写。 【54题详解】 考查固定短语与非谓语动词。句意：上周会议上提出的计划现在正在仔细研讨。结合“The plan”和“at the meeting last week”可知，此处表达“提出”，使用短语put forward，plan和put forward为被动关系，用过去分词作后置定语，所以此处为put forward。 【55题详解】 考查固定短语与时态。句意：偏离小路并且在山中迷路，他们最终在一间简陋的小屋里度过了寒冷的夜晚。结合“spending a freezing night”可知，此处表达“最终以……告终”，使用短语end up，句子描述过去发生的事情，用一般过去时，所以此处为ended up。 第四部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 56. 你将参加英语课上的“一分钟演讲”活动。请你针对部分同学在校园内用手机拍摄短视频的现象写一篇演讲稿，内容包括：(1)陈述看法(2)提出建议 注意：(1)写作词数应为80左右；(2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 My Views on Filming Short Videos on Campus Good morning, boys and girls! Recently, there has been a growing trend of students filming short videos on campus. __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Good morning, boys and girls! Recently, there’s been a growing trend of students filming short videos on campus. It’s a privilege for me to share my perspectives. Undoubtedly, filming short videos is a fantastic way to record school life and capture memorable moments. However, this phenomenon also brings inevitable problems. Some classmates film in class, which not only distracts themselves but also disrupts others’ learning. Worse still, posting videos without permission invades others’ privacy, causing discomfort and harm. To address these issues, I suggest we film only during breaks. Additionally, it’s crucial to ask for permission before recording others. In conclusion, let’s strive to be mindful sharers, balancing fun with respect for everyone on campus. Thanks for listening! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生针对部分同学在校园内用手机拍摄短视频的现象，在“一分钟演讲”的英语课堂活动中陈述个人看法，并提出建议。 【详解】1.词汇积累 难忘的：memorable→indelible 不可避免的：inevitable → unavoidable/ inescapable/ ineluctable 侵犯：invade → infringe 至关重要的：crucial → essential/ vital 2.句式拓展 同义句转换 原句：Recently, there’s been a growing trend of students filming short videos on campus.  拓展句：Recently, there’s been a growing trend of students filming short videos on campus, which has become a noticeable trend. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Some classmates film in class, which not only distracts themselves but also disrupts others’ learning. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句和not only... but also...的固定句型) 【高分句型2】In conclusion, let’s strive to be mindful sharers, balancing fun with respect for everyone on campus. (运用了现在分词短语balancing...作状语) 第二节(满分25分) 57. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The crowd roared as I took off from the starting line in The Big Race. Through the cheers, I heard Mom shouting, “Run, Sammy, run!” I knew without looking that she was smiling from ear to ear and clapping her hands for me. I kept my eyes straight ahead running as fast as I could. “Run, run, run,” I chanted to myself in my mind as I passed my friend Justin. I saw Justin’s red face out of the corner of my eye and wondered if my own face was that red too? “Run, run, run.” I was on fire, passing Sarah, leaving her in my dust. The coach was waiting for me at the finish line.holding the medal,for the fastest runner in kindergarten. I would wear that blue and white ribbon around my neck when we go out for ice cream to celebrate and then hang it in my room. Last night I took the collection of caps off the hook on my wall leaving it ready for my shiny new medal .I couldn’t wait to see it every day when I woke up. Dad was there in the crowd also and would pick me up and put me on his shoulders to carry around. “My son!” He would tell the other fathers, “My son won the race!” I was going to win! Faster than Sarah, I came up behind Mikey, giving my legs that extra burst of energy to pass him by. The winner, Sammy! All that running in the park was worth it! Just as I heard the roar of the crowd welcoming me to the finish line,I saw a blur out of the corner of my eye.What?There was Justin with his tomato cheeks running as fast as humanly possible,huffing and puffing like he was going to blow the house down.And then he was ir front of me.I was behind tomato face Justin.Crossing the finish line,I heard the voice over the loudspeaker boom,“Congratulations to the winner,Justin!" Congratulations to Justin? Congratulations to Justin. 注意： (1)所续写短文的词数应为150左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 I stood there frozen as Justin was handed his medal. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Suddenly, strong hands lifted me onto Dad’s shoulders. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】范文 I stood there frozen as Justin was handed his medal. My chest tightened, and tears blurred my vision. Mom rushed over, wrapping her arms around me. “You did an amazing job, Sammy!” she whispered. Justin glanced at me, his tomato cheeks now softened into a shy smile. “You were so fast,” he said, offering a high-five. Hesitating, I slapped his hand weakly. The coach approached, placing a hand on my shoulder. “Second place is still a victory,” he said. I stared at the empty hook on my wall, imagining the medal that wouldn’t hang there. Dad stood silently nearby, his eyes filled with pride mixed with concern. Suddenly, strong hands lifted me onto Dad’s shoulders. “Look around, champ,” he said. The crowd was cheering wildly — not just for Justin, but for every runner. “Winning isn’t about medals,” Dad continued. “It’s about pushing your limits.” From that height, I saw Sarah hugging her mom and Mikey laughing with friends. Justin waved at me, his medal glinting. I took a deep breath and clapped along with the crowd. Later, as we ate ice cream, Mom said, “Next year, that hook will be ready again.” I nodded, realizing the race had taught me something brighter than a ribbon. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者参加赛跑比赛，结果朋友贾斯汀却获胜了，作者十分难过。好在朋友获奖后安慰了作者，父亲也开导了作者，让作者明白了比赛的意义在于挑战自我。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“贾斯汀被授予奖章时，我站在那里惊呆了”可知，第一段可描写作者和贾斯汀的对话以及朋友安慰作者。 ②由第二段首句内容“突然，一双有力的手把我扶到了爸爸的肩膀上”可知，第二段可描写父亲开导作者以及作者的感悟。 2.续写线索：朋友获奖——感到难过——朋友安慰——父亲开导——作者感悟 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①靠近：approach/get close to ②放置：place/put ③意识到：realize/be aware of 情绪类 ①担心：concern/worry ②害羞：shy/ bashful 【点睛】[高分句型1] The coach approached, placing a hand on my shoulder. (由现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] Later, as we ate ice cream, Mom said, “Next year, that hook will be ready again.”(由as引导时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $