湖南株洲市第一中学2026-2027学年高一上学期开学考试英语试卷

株洲市一中2026年高一开学考试 英 语 时间:100分钟 满分:120分 出卷:高一英语组 (一)听力(30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话读2遍。 1． A．Good idea. B．A ruler. C．You’re welcome. 2． A．Lucy. B．Class 3. C．It’s fine. 3． A．At 5 o’clock. B．To the sports club. C．With my friends. 4． A．It was fun. B．I did a part-time job. C．For two months. 5． A．For his birthday. B．A handmade scarf. C．By post. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有多个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，每段对话读2遍。 听下面一段对话，回答下列三个小题。 6．Who will have dinner with the speakers? A．Peter’s grandparents. B．Peter’s friends. C．Peter’s aunts. 7．What’s the woman’s problem? A．She forgot to make some desserts. B．The apple pies she made didn’t taste good. C．She doesn’t know what to make for dinner. 8．What does Peter advise the woman to do? A．Go out for dinner. B．Ask his father to help make some pies. C．Prepare some fresh fruit and cheese for dessert. 听下面一段对话，回答下列四个小题。 9．When is the woman’s flight leaving? A．On Sunday morning. B．On Monday morning. C．On Wednesday afternoon. 10．What’s the relationship between the two speakers probably? A．Neighbors. B．Classmates. C．Workmates. 11．Why can’t Bill give the woman a ride? A．Because his teacher won’t let him do that. B．Because there is something wrong with his car. C．Because he has lots of homework to do. 12．What is the woman probably going to do? A．Call the man’s neighbor. B．Borrow the man’s car. C．Find a parking lot. 听下面一段独白，回答四个小题。 13．What must you learn first? A．Weather checking. B．Road driving and flight rules. C．Car repairing. 14．What must you check before flying? A．Passenger numbers. B．Traffic tools. C．Wings, battery, and weather. 15．What is the main advantage of flying cars mentioned? A．Saving time in cities. B．No license needed. C．Cheaper than planes. 16．What’s the main idea of the text? A．New traffic problems. B．A future flying car. C．Driving safety rules. 听下面一段独白，回答四个小题。 17．What does the speaker think of flying a plane? A．Special. B．Exciting. C．Difficult. 18．What do the students do in the ground school? A．They practice in a training machine. B．They learn information about flight. C．They are taught to build a plane. 19．What’s necessary according to the last sentence? A．Flying a real plane. B．Checking the plane. C．Training a lot. 20．What’s the text mainly about? A．A modern plane. B．A successful pilot. C．A flight school. (二) 单项选择(每小题1.5分，共15分) 21．—I hope to be an astronaut like Yang Liwei in the future. —Me too. So I often read books about ________. A．law B．history C．language D．space 22．—What kind of music do you prefer, pop music or country music? —Hard to choose. Actually, I listen to ________ of them in my free time. A．neither B．none C．both D．all 23．—When we talk with the elderly, we should use ________ and polite words. —I agree. It shows our respect. A．simple B．warm C．direct D．loud 24．—Don’t ________ to write down the answers. Read the questions carefully first. —OK. I won’t make careless mistakes anymore. A．rush B．start C．forget D．miss 25．—Shall we go to the flower show in Shahu Lake to ________ beautiful flowers? —Good idea! And we can enjoy taking photos, too. A．praise B．admire C．treasure D．plant 26．—You’ve developed different hobbies at school. How did you manage that? —I learned them in ________, where I can practice painting and public speaking. A．music festivals B．school clubs C．cultural classes D．social events 27．—Do you know Wang Chuqin won the men’s singles championship at the 2026 London WTTC? —Sure, he ________ table tennis training at a very young age and never gave up. A．took up B．pulled down C．put away D．got up 28．— Mom, I’m really thankful for your hard work. I wonder ________. — My dear, seeing you grow well is all I want. A．if you give me so much care B．what do you worry about most C．why do you do so much for me D．how you always spare time for me 29．—Dad, the fire alarm started ringing when I was cooking. I didn’t mean to ________. The smoke from the pan was just too much. —Don’t worry. Just open the window next time. A．set it off B．turn it on C．put it out D．take it down 30．—Robert, do you know ________? —About 59 kilometers. It’s one of the longest subway circle lines in the world. A．why the Wuhan Metro Line 12 is special B．when was the Wuhan Metro Line 12 completed C．how long the Wuhan Metro Line 12 is D．how long it takes to build the Wuhan Metro Line 12 (3) 阅读理解(本题共15道题，每小题2分，共30分) A Come and share your thoughts on living on the moon! My favorite saying goes, “________” We should keep this spirit and never stop exploring the moon, because it can bring great advantages to China. We won’t depend so much on the Earth’s limited resources, since we can develop new energy on the moon. Besides, it can provide more living space for people as our Earth becomes too crowded. So let’s move forward bravely for a new and bright future on the moon. (Xinyi, Xichang) Yes. It would be exciting to go to space by rocket, as you’d rocket off the ground really fast! Once you land on the lunar surface, where gravity (重力) is only one-sixth that of the Earth’s, you’ll surprisingly find yourself able to float (漂浮) around freely and lift super-heavy things easily—something you could only dream of doing on Earth. Best of all, with no thick atmosphere (大气层) to block your sight, you could admire the shining Earth and bright stars in the silent sea of space. (Leo In, Toulouse) My friend Susan and I love enjoying the beautiful moon together at night, but if humans live on the moon, we’ll no longer be able to appreciate such beauty. Building homes and sending food and water there would cost billions too. On top of that, the moon’s atmosphere is too thin to support human life, which means we’d need even more money to create a livable environment. So I think we should solve today’s problems on Earth first, like world hunger. (Kate DeBusk, Greeley) 31．In which part of the online newspaper can we read the material? A．THE WORLD B．FOR OR AGAINST? C．TECHNOLOGY D．STAR STORIES 32．What is Xinyi’s favorite saying? A．The grass is always greener on the other side. B．A journey of a thousand miles begins with every single step. C．A craftsman who wishes to do his work well must first sharpen his tools. D．The road ahead is long and has no ending; I’ll search high and low with my will unbending. 33．What is the best part of living on the moon for Leo? A．Floating around freely. B．Lifting heavy things easily. C．Watching the Earth and stars. D．Rocketing off the ground fast. 34．According to Kate, what should humans focus on first? A．Building more homes. B．Solving world hunger. C．Finding new energy. D．Making more rockets. 35．Who believes that exploring the moon can help with Earth’s limited resources and space? A．Xinyi. B．Leo. C．Susan. D．Kate. B I first saw Tai Chi in Ottawa’s Chinatown. Men and women stood in a gentle group, moving slowly and smoothly. I was amazed by its beauty. Yet I could not understand its true meaning at that time. I only admired Tai Chi from a distance (距离). Years later, my doctor strongly advised me to attend a Tai Chi class for beginners. At first, I thought my goal was to master the 108 moves. However, things turned out to be very different from what I had thought. The people in the class moved smoothly and never seemed confused about what to do next. They told me that they had been beginners too, and that I would learn all the moves in three or four years. Three or four years! I could get a university degree in less time. But I could see they were right: only through hard work and practice could I make progress. Later, I joined an advanced class (高级班). Once the teacher asked me to show my moves. To be chosen was an honor, but I was very embarrassed. Everyone stopped and watched as the teacher corrected my moves. “Don’t bend,” he said. I tried again. “Straighten your back,” he said. This went on for only a few minutes, but it felt like hours. I couldn’t just say, “Yes, I understand.” I had to show it. I focused harder than ever before. Meanwhile, I was letting go of old habits and learning new ones. I realized I was also learning a new attitude toward life—truly listening and willing to be corrected. I don’t know if I will ever master the 108 moves. But Tai Chi has taught me that growth is always possible, even when I face difficulties. 36．What did the writer choose to do when first seeing Tai Chi? A．Join the Tai Chi group. B．Attend a Tai Chi class. C．Watch from a distance. D．Walk away at once. 37．The underlined part in Paragraph 3 suggests that the writer thinks ________. A．learning Tai Chi takes too long B．three or four years is a short time C．Tai Chi is as hard as a university degree D．getting a university degree is more useful 38．Once in the advanced class, the writer felt embarrassed because of ________. A．arriving late for class B．forgetting Tai Chi moves C．being corrected in public D．being chosen to show moves 39．Which opinion would the writer most probably support? A．Old habits die hard. B．Truly listening builds trust. C．Words matter more than actions. D．It’s wise to accept others’ corrections. 40．What would be the best title for the passage? A．The Beauty of Tai Chi B．My Long Journey with Tai Chi C．How to Master Tai Chi D．Tai Chi Teaches Me to Grow C From a plane, cars moving slowly on the highway look a lot like lines of ants. However, unlike human-driven cars, ants can avoid the annoying stop-and-go traffic jams that trouble daily travel. So researchers start to study ants’ teamwork, hoping to use it to program self-driving cars and prevent traffic jams. As the number of cars on the road increases, the stability (稳定性) of traffic flow drops. Studies show that when there are 15 cars in one lane (道) per mile, a sudden brake (刹车) from one driver can cause serious traffic jams. A physicist says this is like running water turning into ice. Even small actions of one person can quickly become big traffic problems. ★ An earlier research found that ants looking for food can move smoothly even when they are very crowded. A new study showed they usually travel in small groups of 3 to 20, move at a certain speed, keep a proper distance from one another and never try to pass each other. Their behavior depends on teamwork, not personal speed or competition. This smart group behavior teaches human drivers a lesson. A key point is to avoid driving too close to the car in front. Keeping a safe distance can reduce the bad influence of sudden braking in busy traffic. It’s a simple way to keep traffic smooth for everyone, not just for one person’s hurry but for the benefit of all. Of course, ants can move along flexible (灵活的) paths, but cars must stay in fixed lanes. But keeping a proper distance is still very important for road safety and smooth traffic. In the future, technology may bring real changes. As the physicist points out, “Unlike human drivers who often drive alone, future self-driving cars can share real-time information and work as a united system.” Inspired by ants, these cars can make traffic a cooperative (合作) system. We may need to update traffic rules to make this work better. 41．Why does the author include paragraph 2? A．To explain how ants move. B．To show the cause of traffic jams. C．To introduce self-driving cars. D．To compare ants with humans. 42．Which of the following can be put in ★ ? A．Ants, however, behave differently. B．Traffic jams have become a headache. C．Self-driving cars will solve problems. D．Humans can learn a lot from animals. 43．What lesson does the ant theory teach us in paragraph 4? A．Try to be the first. B．Keep the high driving speed. C．Focus on your own goal. D．Put the group ahead of yourself. 44．Which picture would best show the future traffic from the passage? A． B． C． D． 45．What does the passage mainly introduce? A．Harm of sudden braking in traffic. B．Differences between ants and humans. C．How ants inspire us to solve traffic problems. D．Why teamwork is important in daily life. (四) 完形填空(本题共15题，每小题1分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Helen searched everywhere. “Where’s my poster?” she said. She had made one about rabbits. “Here it is!” Her little brother Jack 46 , holding up the poster. He drew all over it with crayons. “No!” Helen shouted in 47 . “Mom, just see what Jack did!” Jack started to cry, “I thought it needed more 48 to come alive. So I took out the crayons and…I just wanted to 49 .” “Oh, Helen!” their mother said, “That’s too 50 . But you have to hurry or you’ll miss the bus.” Helen ran out of the house. She frowned (皱眉) all through class. When it was her turn to show her poster, she said, “My brother 51 it. I’m going to tear up his picture books in return.” Her teacher, Ms. Smith, also frowned. During the break, Helen played catch with her friends. She 52 the ball again and again. She grew angrier. She threw the ball as hard as she could. It hit a kid on the leg. Ms. Smith talked to Helen when she got back to the classroom. “You seem 53 today, Helen.” “I am,” Helen said. “Why?” asked Ms. Smith. “Maybe something doesn’t 54 as we want. We have to be careful when we feel angry. Anger can 55 us to say or do hurtful things.” “Like tearing up my brother’s picture books?” Helen seemed to understand something and asked 56 . “Exactly. We can practice calming down 57 we act.” Ms. Smith said. “ 58 ?” Helen asked. “You like rabbits, right?” Ms. Smith asked. Helen nodded. Ms. Smith continued, “I pretend (假装) I’m a rabbit when I want to calm down. I take three breaths through my nose. Sniff. Sniff. Sniff. Then I let all the air 59 through my mouth. Haaaa.” Helen and Ms. Smith did it together three times. “How are you feeling now, Helen?” asked Ms. Smith. “Better,” Helen said. Ms. Smith gave her a thumbs-up. “I’m still going to talk to my brother about not 60 my things, though.” Helen smiled. 46．A．laughed B．called C．added D．suggested 47．A．surprise B．sadness C．fear D．anger 48．A．time B．colors C．crayons D．energy 49．A．play B．work C．help D．draw 50．A．bad B．late C．colorful D．funny 51．A．destroyed B．improved C．hid D．colored 52．A．hit B．missed C．caught D．threw 53．A．upset B．tired C．bored D．lonely 54．A．turn out B．come on C．show off D．pass by 55．A．force B．allow C．remind D．cause 56．A．coldly B．softly C．happily D．angrily 57．A．before B．after C．since D．while 58．A．Why B．When C．Where D．How 59．A．back B．in C．out D．down 60．A．borrowing B．giving C．touching D．showing (五) 语法填空(本题共10题，每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。 In the past, children preferred Chinese folk tales from their grandparents. Now many teenagers are 61 (lose) in foreign music, cartoons and movies on phones. Many spend more time following movies and songs abroad than learning about traditional ones. Have you ever 62 (think) about what we are missing when we enjoy the good things foreign culture brings? The more we experience foreign culture, the 63 (much) we wish for something traditional. We love hearing 64 (we) mother tongue in crowded markets, sharing hot dumplings with family, and even making zongzi ourselves. These small acts connect us 65 (deep) to our roots. Picture this: you are studying in a foreign country. A classmate asks you about 66 Double Ninth Festival. You open your mouth, but your mind 67 (go) blank. You call your parents and ask them to tell you the old 68 (story) again. You learn why people eat Chongyang cake and admire chrysanthemums, which have long been connected with the long life and health. A foreign land is like a mirror, showing 69 you really are. When you hold your cultural identity with pride, you become a bridge between different worlds. Don’t wait 70 a foreign land to wake you up. Love your own culture first, for it is the root of true confidence. Now you still enjoy foreign movies, but you will feel proud of wearing traditional clothes. (6) 书面表达(15分) 71．学校英文报正在征集以“我与社区”为主题的征文。假如你是李欣，你居住的幸福社区有很多有趣的地方，如博物馆、图书馆、体育馆、艺术厅、咖啡厅等。请你根据以下提示问题，写一篇英语短文介绍你与这个地方的故事。 Which is your favorite place in your neighborhood? What do you usually do there? Why do you like the place? Something more about it. 注意：文中不得透露个人真实信息，词数100词左右(开头已给出的词不计入总词数)。 My Favorite Place in My Neighborhood My name is Li Xin, and I live in Xingfu Community. ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 株洲市一中2026年高一开学考试英语参考答案 1．B【原文】How do you say this in English? 2．A【原文】Who is your best friend, Jack? 3．B【原文】Where do you usually go after school? 4．B【原文】What did you do during the summer holiday? 5．C【原文】How will you give him the gift? 6．A 7．B 8．C 【原文】M: Can I help you, Mom? W: Oh, thank you, Peter! You can be of great help. You know your grandparents will come to dinner today. M: Good! What would you like me to do? W: Well, I can’t makeup my mind about what to have for dessert. I made two apple pies last night. But I tried one of them this morning, and it didn’t taste good at all. M: You’d better make some pies again, if you don’t want my grandparents to make desserts. W: Oh, they wouldn’t do that! They would just make me feel nothing was wrong and then complained to your father about it later. M: Look! Why don’t you just offer some fresh fruit and cheese for dessert? W: What a good idea! 9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A 【原文】W: Bill, I know you’re busy and I really hate to bother you, but... M: What is it, Hilda? W: Well, I was hoping you could give me a ride to the airport. M: Why not take the bus? W: My flight is leaving at 6: 30 this Sunday morning, but the early bus leaves at 6: 00 a.m. M: Well, I’ve got tons of homework to do before next Monday. You know our papers are due on Wednesday afternoon. W: I’ll make it up to you. I could explain how you’re helping me. So our teacher might excuse you. M: That would be great, but I doubt if I can get out of it. Don’t you know anyone else with a car? Oh, I almost forgot. My neighbor sometimes gives a lift in his car. He charges them $16 and it can save money on a 10-dollar parking fee. W: Do you think he’d take me? M: I’ll be happy to give you his number. 13．B 14．C 15．A 16．B 【原文】 Have you seen flying cars in movies? Soon they’ll be real! XPeng flying cars will be on sale next year. These amazing cars can both drive on roads like normal cars and fly in the sky like planes. To use them safely, you need to take classes at special training centers. First, you’ll study road driving skills and flight safety rules in classroom lessons. Then, you’ll practice in a flight training program that looks just like a real flying car. After passing written and practical tests, you’ll get a special license. Before every flight, always check the wings, battery, and weather conditions carefully. Flying is not allowed in rain or strong winds. The company says these cars can save time by avoiding heavy traffic, making city travel faster and greener. Would you like to try one? 17．B 18．B 19．B 20．C 【原文】 Do you like flying a plane? That sounds exciting, right? Then go to a flight school. In the flight school, you should finish the ground school first. There you will learn the information about flight. After finishing the ground school, you can start to fly in a flight training machine. After hours of practice, you are allowed to fly a real plane with an experienced pilot. When you can fly quite well, you get the license. Now it’s time to take off. But remember it’s necessary to check the plane before the flight to make sure everything is working correctly. 21．D 【详解】句意：——我希望将来能成为像杨利伟那样的宇航员。——我也是。所以我经常读关于太空的书。   law法律；history历史；language语言；space太空。根据“astronaut”（宇航员）可知，成为宇航员需要了解太空知识，故选用space。 22．C 【详解】句意：——你更喜欢哪种音乐，流行音乐还是乡村音乐？——很难选择。实际上，我空闲时间两种都听。 neither两者都不；none三者或以上都不；both两者都；all三者或以上都。问句提供“pop music”和“country music”两种选择，答句“Hard to choose”表明对两者都有兴趣，再结合“I listen to...of them”表示“两种都听”，应填both。 23．B 【详解】句意：——当我们与老人交谈时，我们应该使用亲切且礼貌的话语。——我同意。这显示了我们的尊重。 simple简单的；warm温暖的；亲切的；direct直接的；loud大声的。根据“It shows our respect.”可知是为了表示尊重，结合“polite words”推测出我们应该使用亲切温暖的话语。 24．A 【详解】句意：——别急着写下答案。先仔细读题。——好的。我不会再犯粗心的错误了。 rush匆忙；start开始；forget忘记；miss错过。根据“Read the questions carefully first.”及答语“I won’t make careless mistakes anymore.”可知，此处建议不要匆忙写答案，要先审题以免出错，应填rush。 25．B 【详解】句意：——我们去沙湖的花展欣赏美丽的花好吗？——好主意！我们还可以享受拍照的乐趣。 praise赞扬；admire欣赏；treasure珍视；plant种植。根据“go to the flower show”可知，去花展的目的是为了欣赏花朵，admire符合语境。 26．B 【详解】句意：——你在学校培养了不同的爱好。你是怎么做到的？——我在学校社团里学习，在那里我可以练习绘画和公众演讲。 music festivals音乐节；school clubs学校俱乐部；cultural classes文化课程；social events社会活动。根据“practice painting and public speaking”可知，此处指可以进行绘画和演讲练习的场所。school clubs符合在学校内培养爱好并提供练习机会的逻辑。 27．A 【详解】句意：——你知道王楚钦在2026年伦敦世乒赛上赢得了男子单打冠军吗？——当然，他在很小的时候就开始从事乒乓球训练，并且从未放弃。 took up开始从事；pulled down拆毁；put away收起来；got up起床。根据语境“他在很小的时候就……乒乓球训练”，可知此处表示开始从事某种活动。took up符合语境。 28．D 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我真的很感谢你的辛勤工作。我想知道你总是如何抽出时间陪我的。——亲爱的，看到你健康成长就是我想要的全部。 if you give me so much care你是否给了我这么多关心；what do you worry about most你最担心的是什么；why do you do so much for me你为什么为我做这么多；how you always spare time for me你如何总能抽出时间陪我。宾语从句中应使用陈述语序；妈妈的回答说明她之所以总能抽出时间，是因为“seeing you grow well is all I want”，因此前句询问“how you always spare time for me”符合语境和语法。 29．A 【详解】句意：——爸爸，我在做饭时火警报警器开始响了。我不是故意触发它的。锅里的烟太大了。——别担心。下次打开窗户就好。 set it off触发（警报、装置等）；turn it on打开（开关、设备等）；put it out扑灭（火、烟等）；take it down取下、拆下。根据上文“the fire alarm started ringing”可知，是报警器响了，结合下文“The smoke from the pan was just too much.”可知，是因为烟大导致报警器被触发，所以说话人表达不是故意触发报警器。应填入set it off。 30．C 【详解】句意：——Robert，你知道武汉地铁12号线有多长吗？——大约59公里。它是世界上最长的地铁环线之一。 why the Wuhan Metro Line 12 is special为什么武汉地铁12号线特别；when was the Wuhan Metro Line 12 completed武汉地铁12号线何时完工；how long the Wuhan Metro Line 12 is武汉地铁12号线有多长；how long it takes to build the Wuhan Metro Line 12修建武汉地铁12号线需要多长时间。答语“About 59 kilometers”表示距离，因此问句应询问长度，且宾语从句应用陈述语序，C项符合语境。 31．B 32．D 33．C 34．B 35．A 【导语】本文是三位来自不同地方的人对“移居月球”这一话题发表的看法，分别表达了支持（Xinyi和Leo）和反对（Kate）的观点。 【详解】31．文章标题为“Come and share your thoughts on living on the moon!”，内容呈现了支持和反对两种不同观点，因此最可能出现在报纸的“FOR OR AGAINST?”（支持还是反对）栏目。 32．Xinyi在开头说“My favorite saying goes...”，结合她后面提到“never stop exploring”“move forward bravely”等探索精神，最符合D选项“路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索”（屈原《离骚》）。 33．细节理解题。Leo在最后指出“Best of all, with no thick atmosphere to block your sight, you could admire the shining Earth and bright stars”，说明对他来说最好的部分是观赏地球和星星。 34．Kate在最后指出“I think we should solve today’s problems on Earth first, like world hunger.”，说明她认为人类应首先解决世界饥饿问题。 35．Xinyi指出“we won’t depend so much on the Earth’s limited resources”和“it can provide more living space”，说明她认为探索月球有助于解决地球资源有限和空间拥挤的问题。 36．C 37．A 38．C 39．D 40．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者初见太极便心生赞叹，起初只为学会招式，练习中深知拳法习得需长久沉淀，最终领悟太极不仅是招式，更教会自己虚心接纳建议。 【详解】36．根据第一段最后一句“I only admired Tai Chi from a distance”可知，作者第一次见到太极时选择的是远观，并未加入或上课。 37．根据第三段划线句“Three or four years! I could get a university degree in less time.”可知，作者通过对比学位获取时间，感叹学习太极所需时间之长，感到惊讶。 38．根据第四段中“To be chosen was an honor, but I was very embarrassed. Everyone stopped and watched as the teacher corrected my moves. ”可知，作者感到尴尬是因为在众人面前被老师纠正动作。 39．根据第五段中“I realized I was also learning a new attitude toward life—truly listening and willing to be corrected.”可知，作者认为接受他人的纠正是明智的生活态度。 40．文章主要讲述了作者学习太极的经历，从最初的远观到后来的亲身练习，再到最后感悟到太极教会了他成长。D项“太极教会我成长”最能概括文章中心思想。 41．B 42．A 43．D 44．A 45．C 【导语】本文主要介绍蚂蚁的团队通行行为可以有效规避拥堵，科学家从中获得启发，研究利用蚂蚁的团队合作原理优化自动驾驶汽车，以此解决人类交通拥堵问题。 【详解】41．第二段介绍了交通拥堵的成因：“A physicist says this is like running water turning into ice. Even small actions of one person can quickly become big traffic problems.”，说明本段主要是为了说明交通拥堵产生的原因。 42．第三段空格前文讲述人类交通容易拥堵，后文讲述蚂蚁群体通行却十分顺畅，A选项承接上文人类交通的弊端，引出蚂蚁截然不同的通行方式，起到承上启下的作用。 43．第四段点明蚂蚁行为带给人类的启示：“It’s a simple way to keep traffic smooth for everyone, not just for one person’s hurry but for the benefit of all.”，说明我们要以集体利益为重，将团队放在个人前面。 44．最后一段讲述未来自动驾驶汽车可以共享实时信息、协同运行，形成合作的交通体系，由此可推断未来交通是车辆相互配合、有序通行的状态。 45．全文围绕蚂蚁通行的优势展开，讲述人类从蚂蚁团队行为中获得启发，用来解决交通拥堵难题，点明文章核心主旨。 46．B 47．D 48．B 49．C 50．A 51．A 52．B 53．A 54．A 55．D 56．B 57．A 58．D 59．C 60．C 【导语】本文讲述海伦因弟弟破坏海报而生气，想报复。老师引导她冷静，教她呼吸法。她学会控制情绪，但仍要和弟弟沟通。 【详解】46．句意：她的小弟弟杰克举着海报喊道：“它在这里！”。根据“Here it is!”可知，杰克举着海报后大声告知海伦，用called。 47．句意：海伦愤怒地大喊：“不！”。根据“He drew all over it with crayons.”可知，海报被乱画，海伦感到生气。 48．句意：我认为它需要更多的颜色才能变得生动。根据“He drew all over it with crayons.”可知，杰克用蜡笔是为了增加颜色。 49．句意：所以我拿出蜡笔……我只是想帮忙。根据“I thought it needed more colors to come alive.”可知，杰克初衷是让海报更好，他是想协助姐姐。 50．句意：那太糟糕了。根据海报被破坏的事实，妈妈表示同情，“That’s too bad”是常用安慰语。其他选项不符合对不幸事件的反应。 51．句意：我弟弟毁了它。根据海伦生气并想报复可知，她认为海报被毁了，无法使用了。 52．句意：她一次又一次地没接住球。根据“She grew angrier.”可知，游戏不顺利导致生气。根据语境，接不住球会令人沮丧。 53．句意：你今天似乎很心烦，海伦。根据前文海伦皱眉、扔球伤人等表现，可知她心情不好。upset概括了愤怒和烦恼。 54．句意：也许事情并不像我们希望的那样发展。根据“as we want”可知，指事情的结果，turn out表示最终情况。 55．句意：愤怒会导致我们说或做伤人的事。根据“say or do hurtful things”可知，愤怒是原因。根据语境，cause表示引起某种后果。 56．句意：“就像我撕碎弟弟的绘本？”海伦似乎明白了什么，轻声问道。根据“seemed to understand something”可知，她情绪缓和，softly体现态度的转变。 57．句意：我们可以在行动之前练习冷静下来。根据常识及避免伤人可知，应先冷静再行动。根据语境，before符合逻辑顺序。其他选项不符合情绪管理原则。 58．句意：海伦问：“怎么做？”。根据后文老师介绍具体方法可知，此处问方式，用How。 59．句意：然后我让所有的空气从嘴里出来。根据“through my mouth”及呼吸练习可知，这是呼气，out表示呼出空气。 60．句意：我还是要和我弟弟谈谈不要碰我的东西。根据弟弟乱画海报的行为，核心问题是未经允许触碰。根据语境，touching涵盖乱动东西。 61．lost 62．thought 63．more 64．our 65．deeply 66．the 67．goes 68．stories 69．who 70．for 【导语】本文介绍了当下许多青少年沉迷外来文化、忽视传统文化的现状，阐述了本土传统文化对国人的重要意义，呼吁人们热爱本土文化、树立文化自信。 【详解】61．句意：现在许多青少年沉迷于手机上的外国音乐、动漫和电影。“be lost in”为固定搭配，表示“沉迷于、沉浸于”。 62．句意：你有没有想过，在我们享受外来文化带来的美好事物时，我们正在失去什么？本句为现在完成时，助动词Have后需接动词过去分词，think的过去分词为thought。 63．句意：我们接触的外来文化越多，就越渴望传统文化。“the+比较级，the+比较级”为固定句型，表示“越……，越……”，much的比较级为more。 64．句意：我们喜欢在拥挤的市井中听到我们的母语，和家人分享热乎乎的饺子，甚至亲手包粽子。此处修饰名词mother tongue，需用形容词性物主代词，we的形容词性物主代词为our。 65．句意：这些小小的举动将我们深深地与自身的文化根基联结在一起。此处修饰动词connect，需用副词形式，deep的副词为deeply。 66．句意：一位同学问你关于重阳节的事情。专有名词节日前需加定冠词the，为固定用法。 67．句意：你张开嘴，大脑却一片空白。本句时态为一般现在时，主语your mind为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，go的三单形式为goes。 68．句意：你打电话给父母，让他们再次给你讲述这些古老的故事。此处表示泛指各类古老的传统故事，需用名词复数形式，story的复数为stories。 69．句意：异乡就像一面镜子，映照出真实的自己。本句为宾语从句，从句缺少指人的表语，表示“真实的自己、真实的我们”，用连接代词who。 70．句意：不要等到身处异乡才幡然醒悟。“wait for”为固定短语，表示“等待”。 71．例文 My Favorite Place in My Neighborhood My name is Li Xin, and I live in Xingfu Community. My favorite place here is the community library. It’s a quiet and bright space with tall bookshelves filled with all kinds of books. I usually go there after school to read novels or do my homework. The library also holds weekly reading clubs, where I discuss stories with other book lovers. What I love most is the peaceful atmosphere. Here I can escape the noise and dive into different worlds through books. The librarians are friendly and always ready to recommend good reads. This is my favorite place in my neighborhood. It’s not just a library; it’s a corner where knowledge and friendship grow together. 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇材料作文； ②时态：时态主要为“一般现在时”； ③提示：写作要点已给出，注意不要遗漏要点，可适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。 [写作步骤] 第一步，交代社区里最喜欢的地方是哪； 第二步，介绍最喜欢该地方的原因； 第三步，书写结语，表达感受。 [亮点词汇] ①filled with充满②peaceful平静的③dive into潜入，探察 [高分句型] ①The library also holds weekly reading clubs, where I discuss stories with other book lovers.（定语从句） ②What I love most is the peaceful atmosphere.（主语从句） 答案第1页（共2页） 答案第1页（共2页） 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $