Unit 3 Natural Disaster Prevention（期中复习讲义）-2026-2027学年高二上学期《英语 基础模块3》（语文版2022版）（原卷版+解析版）

编写说明：2026-2027学年高二上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》以教材单元内容为基准，覆盖单元重点词汇、句型、语法、主题等核心考点，并紧密贴合职教高考真题题型，包括复习课件、讲义和模拟卷，旨在为学生提供全方位、高效的期中复习解决方案。 2026-2027学年高二上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》 Unit 3 Natural Disaster Prevention 内容导航 词汇积累·对折自测 句型夯实·语法梳理 单元主题·提升训练 词汇积累·对折自测 （一）重点单词 序号 中文提示 英文答案 英文提示 中文答案 教材语境 1 损害；损坏 damage Yes. There has been great damage. 2 电；电力 electricity Be prepared to turn off electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate. 3 灾害；灾难 disaster There are natural disasters in many parts of the world every year. 4 地震 earthquake What do you do to keep yourself and your loved ones safe during an earthquake? 5 煤气；气体 gas Be prepared to turn off electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate. 6 镇静的；平静的 calm Keep calm and do not panic. 7 洪水 flood Have you ever experienced a flood? 8 泥石流 mud rock flow 9 台风 typhoon 10 观测；观察 observation The robot is part of a chain that makes up China's Earthquake Observation Network. 11 测量 measuring It provides 24-hour worldwide earthquake observation backed up by the country's numerous measuring instrument stations, both home and abroad. 12 覆盖；掩护 cover COVER your head and neck (and your entire body if possible) underneath a hard table or desk. 13 网络 network The robot is part of a chain that makes up China's Earthquake Observation Network. 14 趴下；弯腰 drop down DROP DOWN onto your hands and knees before the earthquake knocks you down. 15 低洼的 low-lying Get down near an inner wall or next to a low-lying piece of furniture that won't fall on you. 16 高层的 high-rise If you are in a high-rise building, DROP DOWN onto your hands and knees before the earthquake knocks you down. 17 风暴；暴风雨 storm TV news says storms and floods have hit most of the South this summer. 18 令人心碎的 heartbreaking It's so heartbreaking to see with our own eyes people struggling for help. 19 挣扎；努力 struggle It's so heartbreaking to see with our own eyes people struggling for help. 20 灾难性的 disastrous This year it seems to be the most disastrous year in my country. 21 可怕的 terrible That must be terrible. 22 幸运地；幸好 fortunately Fortunately, no one was hurt in our village. 23 准备；使准备好 prepare Prepare enough water and food supply, at least for three days. 24 紧急的；应急的 emergency Have an emergency kit ready all the time. 25 供应；供给 supply Prepare enough water and food supply, at least for three days. 26 疏散；撤离 evacuate Be prepared to turn off electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate. 27 路线 route Learn about your community's emergency plans, warning signals, evacuation routes, and locations of emergency hiding places. 28 警报；警告信号 warning signal Learn about your community's emergency plans, warning signals, evacuation routes, and locations of emergency hiding places. 29 避难处；藏身处 hiding place Learn about your community's emergency plans, warning signals, evacuation routes, and locations of emergency hiding places. 30 灭火器 fire extinguisher Buy a fire extinguisher. 31 收集；聚集 gather Gather the emergency supplies you previously stored in your home, and stay tuned to your local radio or television station, etc. for updates. 32 保持收听；继续关注 stay tuned Gather the emergency supplies you previously stored in your home, and stay tuned to your local radio or television station, etc. for updates. 33 更新；最新消息 update Gather the emergency supplies you previously stored in your home, and stay tuned to your local radio or television station, etc. for updates. 34 之前；以前 previously Gather the emergency supplies you previously stored in your home, and stay tuned to your local radio or television station, etc. for updates. 35 工具 tool Buy an emergency kit with food, maps, tools, a first aid kit, sleeping bags, etc. 36 急救包 first aid kit Buy an emergency kit with food, maps, tools, a first aid kit, sleeping bags, etc. 37 睡袋 sleeping bag Buy an emergency kit with food, maps, tools, a first aid kit, sleeping bags, etc. 38 联系；沟通 communication Make a communication plan for your family. 39 联系的人 contact person Make sure everyone knows the name and phone number of the contact person. 40 震动；摇晃 shaking Be prepared to move with your cover if the shaking is still going on. 41 亲爱的；所爱的人 loved one What do you do to keep yourself and your loved ones safe during an earthquake? 42 反应；回应 react Today's exercises were conducted to react quickly and correctly to three life-saving skills. 43 及时的 timely But somewhere in the world people cannot always get timely help. 44 在线的 online Data from around the world is collected by a data centre, providing a main source for the online robot to make a rapid and detailed report. 45 快速的 rapid The robot helps to form a rapid earthquake report within seconds. （二）重点短语 序号 中文提示 英文答案 英文提示 中文答案 教材语境 1 关闭电源 turn off the power Turn off the power. 2 把重要物品放进塑料袋 put important materials in plastic bags Put important materials in plastic bags. 3 待在安全区域 stay in safe areas Stay in safe areas. 4 保持镇静，不要惊慌 keep calm and do not panic Keep calm and do not panic. 5 找到安全的地方待着 find a safe place to stay Find a safe place to stay. 6 远离危险区域 stay away from the risk area Stay away from the risk area. 7 为停电准备手电筒 prepare a flashlight for blackouts Prepare a flashlight for blackouts. 8 锁紧门窗 tightly lock the doors and windows Tightly lock the doors and windows. 9 准备足够的饮用水 prepare enough drinking water Prepare enough drinking water in case of water shortage. 10 随时准备好应急包 have an emergency kit ready all the time Have an emergency kit ready all the time. 11 通过新闻了解信息 keep informed by news Keep informed by news and any other sources. 12 准备物资 get supplies Get supplies in case you leave immediately. 13 报道地震 report the earthquake Thanks to a robot, the China Earthquake Networks Centre (CENC) was the first to report the Jiuzhaigou earthquake on Tuesday evening. 14 组成…… make up ... The robot is part of a chain that makes up China's Earthquake Observation Network. 15 全世界24小时地震观测 24-hour worldwide earthquake observation It provides 24-hour worldwide earthquake observation backed up by the country's numerous measuring instrument stations, both home and abroad. 16 国内外 home and abroad It provides 24-hour worldwide earthquake observation backed up by the country's numerous measuring instrument stations, both home and abroad. 17 在几秒钟内 within seconds The robot helps to form a rapid earthquake report within seconds. 18 节省时间 save time It gets the latest information to various people, helping to save time. 19 对……作出快速正确的反应 react quickly and correctly to ... Today's exercises were conducted to react quickly and correctly to three life-saving skills: DROP DOWN, COVER, and HOLD ON. 20 救命技能 life-saving skills Today's exercises were conducted to react quickly and correctly to three life-saving skills: DROP DOWN, COVER, and HOLD ON. 21 保护自己和亲人安全 keep yourself and your loved ones safe What do you do to keep yourself and your loved ones safe during an earthquake? 22 趴到手和膝盖上 drop down onto your hands and knees DROP DOWN onto your hands and knees before the earthquake knocks you down. 23 把头和脖子盖住 cover your head and neck COVER your head and neck (and your entire body if possible) underneath a hard table or desk. 24 在坚硬的桌子下面 underneath a hard table or desk COVER your head and neck (and your entire body if possible) underneath a hard table or desk. 25 靠近内墙 get down near an inner wall Get down near an inner wall or next to a low-lying piece of furniture that won't fall on you. 26 抓住掩护物 hold on to the cover HOLD ON to the cover for your head and neck until the shaking stops. 27 直到震动停止 until the shaking stops HOLD ON to the cover for your head and neck until the shaking stops. 28 准备随掩护物移动 be prepared to move with your cover Be prepared to move with your cover if the shaking is still going on. 29 保持联系并知情 stay connected and informed Remember that everybody should stay connected and informed. 30 亲眼看到 see with one's own eyes It's so heartbreaking to see with our own eyes people struggling for help. 31 遭受巨大损害 there has been great damage Yes. There has been great damage. 32 经历洪水 experience a flood Have you ever experienced a flood? 33 及时得到帮助 get timely help But somewhere in the world people cannot always get timely help. 34 提前计划 plan ahead Keep yourself and your loved ones safe by planning ahead. 35 制定家庭沟通计划 make a communication plan for your family Make a communication plan for your family. 36 确保某人知道…… make sure ... knows ... Make sure everyone knows the name and phone number of the contact person. 37 了解社区应急计划 learn about your community's emergency plans Learn about your community's emergency plans, warning signals, evacuation routes, and locations of emergency hiding places. 38 撤离前关闭电源、煤气和水源 turn off electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate Be prepared to turn off electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate. 39 确保家人知道如何使用 make sure your family knows how to use ... Make sure your family knows where it is and how to use it. 40 收集应急物资 gather the emergency supplies Gather the emergency supplies you previously stored in your home, and stay tuned to your local radio or television station, etc. for updates. 41 至少三天 at least for three days Prepare enough water and food supply, at least for three days. 42 应急供应包 an emergency supply kit Prepare an emergency supply kit. 句型夯实·语法梳理 1. 非谓语动词（II）概述 概念：本单元继续学习非谓语动词，重点关注动名词和不定式在句中作宾语补足语、后置定语以及主语等成分。 教材原句：It's so heartbreaking to see people struggling for help during a flood. 判断方法：先找句子的谓语动词，再判断其他动词形式的逻辑主语和句法功能。 教材原句：They had no place to stay. 2. 动名词作宾语补足语 结构：感官动词 find、see、hear 等后可接宾语和动词-ing，表示发现或看见某人正在做某事。 教材原句：I found him lying on the ground. 语义：宾语与动词-ing 之间是主动关系，动作通常正在进行。 教材原句：I saw him entering the office. 3. 不定式作后置定语 结构：不定式常放在名词或代词后作后置定语，说明将要做的动作或名词的用途。 教材原句：They had no place to stay. anything / something + to do：anything、something、nothing 等不定代词后常接不定式作定语。 教材原句：Do you have anything to say for yourself? 名词 + to do：book、factory、house 等名词后接不定式，表示“要读的书、要实习的工厂、要居住的房子”。 教材原句：I have many books to read. 4. 不定式作宾语补足语 allow sb. to do：allow、tell、ask 等动词后可接宾语和不定式，构成“动词 + sb. + to do”结构。 教材原句：Father will not allow us to play computer games too much. tell sb. not to do：tell sb. not to do sth. 表示“告诉某人不要做某事”，否定词 not 放在 to 前。 教材原句：I tell him not to go there by bus. 5. 不定式作主语 结构：不定式短语可以放在句首作主语，表示具体的一次性动作；谓语通常用单数形式。 教材原句：To study in a college is my goal. 主语后置：在较长的不定式作主语结构中，常可用 it 作形式主语，把不定式放在句末。 教材原句：It's so heartbreaking to see people struggling for help during a flood. 6. 非谓语动词的否定 不定式否定：not to do 表示“不要做某事”；not 放在不定式符号 to 前。 教材原句：I tell him not to go there by bus. 动名词否定：动名词的否定形式为 not doing，not 放在动名词前；本单元重点通过语境判断动名词和不定式。 教材原句：I found him lying on the ground. 7. 现在分词与过去分词辨析 现在分词：现在分词作宾语补足语表示主动或正在进行的动作，如 found him lying。 教材原句：I found him lying on the ground. 过去分词：过去分词常表示被动或完成；previously stored in your home 修饰 supplies，表示“之前储存在家中的”。 教材原句：Gather the emergency supplies you previously stored in your home, and stay tuned to your local radio or television station, etc. for updates. 8. 祈使句与灾害应对 祈使句：祈使句通常以动词原形开头，用于提出建议、发出指令或说明应急步骤；否定祈使句用 Do not / Don't + 动词原形。 教材原句：Keep calm and do not panic. 并列步骤：多个祈使句可以用 and 连接，形成连续的应急操作。 教材原句：DROP DOWN, COVER, and HOLD ON. Reading语篇重点提炼：地震自救三步法 1. 活动主题：National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day activity 表示“全国防灾减灾日活动”。 教材原句：On May 12th every year, Lantian Vocational School organises a National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day activity. 2. 快速正确反应：react quickly and correctly to ... 表示“对……作出快速正确的反应”。 教材原句：Today's exercises were conducted to react quickly and correctly to three life-saving skills: DROP DOWN, COVER, and HOLD ON. 3. 趴下：drop down onto your hands and knees 表示地震时趴到手和膝盖上，before 引导时间状语。 教材原句：DROP DOWN onto your hands and knees before the earthquake knocks you down. 4. 趴下的作用：protect sb. from ... 表示保护某人免受……；allow sb. to do 表示允许某人做某事。 教材原句：This position protects you from falling and allows you to still move if necessary. 5. 掩护头颈：cover your head and neck underneath a hard table or desk 表示在坚硬桌子下保护头颈。 教材原句：COVER your head and neck (and your entire body if possible) underneath a hard table or desk. 6. 寻找安全位置：get down near an inner wall / next to a low-lying piece of furniture 表示寻找不易倒塌的掩护处。 教材原句：Get down near an inner wall or next to a low-lying piece of furniture that won't fall on you. 7. 抓住掩护物：hold on to the cover ... until ... 表示抓住掩护物直到震动停止。 教材原句：HOLD ON to the cover for your head and neck until the shaking stops. 8. 保持联系和知情：stay connected and informed 表示保持联系、了解信息，是灾害期间的重要提醒。 教材原句：Remember that everybody should stay connected and informed. Speaking语篇重点提炼：灾害经历与应对 1. 新闻来源：TV news says ... 用于说明从电视新闻得知灾害消息。 教材原句：TV news says storms and floods have hit most of the South this summer. 2. 造成巨大损害：there has been great damage 表示“造成了巨大损害”。 教材原句：Yes. There has been great damage. 3. 最高级描述：the most disastrous year 表示“最灾难性的一年”，most + 多音节形容词构成最高级。 教材原句：This year it seems to be the most disastrous year in my country. 4. 灾害报道：there have been many reports of ... 表示“有许多关于……的报道”，there have been 与复数 reports 一致。 教材原句：There have been so many reports of snowstorms, floods, and earthquakes. 5. 亲眼目睹：see with our own eyes 表示“亲眼看到”；people struggling for help 是宾语和现在分词短语。 教材原句：It's so heartbreaking to see with our own eyes people struggling for help. 6. 询问经历：Have you ever experienced ...? 现在完成时用于询问截至现在的经历。 教材原句：Have you ever experienced a flood? 7. 幸运结果：Fortunately, no one was hurt ... 表示幸运地没有人受伤；被动语态 was hurt 表示“受伤”。 教材原句：Fortunately, no one was hurt in our village. 8. 及时帮助：get timely help 表示及时得到帮助；cannot always 表示并非总是能够。 教材原句：But somewhere in the world people cannot always get timely help. Culture Corner语篇重点提炼：洪水准备 1. 提前计划：keep ... safe by planning ahead 表示通过提前计划保证自己和亲人安全。 教材原句：Keep yourself and your loved ones safe by planning ahead. 2. 制定沟通计划：make a communication plan for your family 表示为家庭制定沟通计划。 教材原句：Make a communication plan for your family. 3. 确认联系人：make sure everyone knows ... 表示确保每个人都知道联系人信息。 教材原句：Make sure everyone knows the name and phone number of the contact person. 4. 了解社区方案：learn about emergency plans, warning signals and evacuation routes 表示了解社区的应急安排。 教材原句：Learn about your community's emergency plans, warning signals, evacuation routes, and locations of emergency hiding places. 5. 撤离前关闭设备：be prepared to turn off ... before you evacuate 表示撤离前准备关闭电源、煤气和水源。 教材原句：Be prepared to turn off electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate. 6. 学会使用灭火器：make sure your family knows where it is and how to use it 表示确保家人知道灭火器位置和使用方法。 教材原句：Make sure your family knows where it is and how to use it. 7. 洪水警报时收集物资：gather supplies and stay tuned to ... for updates 表示收集物资并关注广播或电视的最新消息。 教材原句：Gather the emergency supplies you previously stored in your home, and stay tuned to your local radio or television station, etc. for updates. 8. 准备应急包：prepare enough water and food supply / buy an emergency kit 表示准备水、食物和包含工具的应急包。 教材原句：Prepare enough water and food supply, at least for three days. 即时训练（建议用时：10分钟） 一、单项选择（共5小题） 1. I found him ______ on the ground after the earthquake. A. lie B. lying C. to lie D. lay 2. They had no place ______ after the flood. A. stay B. staying C. to stay D. stayed 3. Father will not allow us ______ computer games too much. A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 4. Please keep ______ and do not panic when a disaster happens. A. calm B. calmly C. to calm D. calming 5. The emergency supplies ______ in a safe place before the typhoon came. A. stored B. were stored C. are storing D. have stored 二、英汉互译（共5小题） 1—2题英译汉，3—5题汉译英。 1. DROP DOWN onto your hands and knees before the earthquake knocks you down. _______________________________________________________________________________ 2. Make sure everyone knows the name and phone number of the contact person. _______________________________________________________________________________ 3. 地震发生时，请保持镇静，并把头和脖子藏在坚硬的桌子下面。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 4. 我发现他在地上躺着，所以我告诉他不要去危险区域。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 5. 提前制定计划，准备好应急包，并储存至少三天的水和食物。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 单元主题·提升训练 一、补全对话（七选五） Maya: The weather service has issued a typhoon warning for tomorrow. What about our beach trip? Dad: ______1______ Maya: I agree. I will contact the hotel and ask to change our booking. Dad: ______2______ Maya: The strong wind may arrive tonight. Should we do anything at home? Dad: ______3______ Maya: I will do that. What else should go into the emergency bag? Dad: A flashlight, batteries, drinking water and copies of important documents. Maya: ______4______ Dad: Good idea. Please tell Grandma about the change because she may worry. Maya: ______5______ Dad: Then we can stay indoors and follow the latest weather updates. A. Bring the flowerpots inside and lock the balcony doors. B. We should postpone it instead of taking an unnecessary risk. C. I will call her after I finish packing the bag. D. Good. I will check whether our train tickets can be changed. E. The beach will probably be less crowded during the storm. F. I will charge both power banks as well. G. Could we invite more relatives to travel with us? 二、阅读理解 When floodwater moves away, a street can appear calm again. However, returning home too early may expose residents to dangers left behind. The safest decision is to wait until local authorities say the area can be entered. Floodwater can weaken walls, floors and stairs, especially when it moves quickly or remains for several days. Cracks, leaning walls or unusual sounds may warn that a building is unstable. A qualified inspector should examine serious damage before anyone goes inside. Electricity creates another hidden risk. Damaged wires may remain live, and wet materials can conduct electricity. Residents should not touch switches or appliances while a building is wet. The power company or a trained electrician should disconnect and check the system first. Floodwater may also mix with sewage, fuel or chemicals. Mud can carry harmful substances, while tap water may be unsafe until tested. People entering an approved area should wear boots and gloves, use bottled water and throw away food that touched floodwater. Roads and paths also need attention because covers may have moved and holes may be hidden. A safe return is a planned process: follow the official route, enter during daylight, take another adult and leave immediately if danger appears. A familiar home may need time and expert inspection before it becomes safe again. 6. Why should residents wait for official permission before returning? A. Floodwater always returns at exactly the same hour B. Hidden dangers may remain after water moves away C. Every damaged house must be rebuilt from the beginning D. Local roads usually become crowded with repair workers 7. Who should check a wet building's electrical system? A. A neighbor who has used the appliances before B. A resident wearing waterproof boots and thick gloves C. A shopkeeper selling batteries and bottled drinking water D. The power company or a trained electrician 8. What does the word “conduct” probably mean in paragraph 3? A. Allow electricity to pass through a material B. Remove dirty water from a building C. Protect damaged wires from further rain D. Connect household appliances to new batteries 9. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Bottled water becomes dangerous after entering a house B. Returning alone at night makes inspection more accurate C. A familiar appearance does not prove a home safe D. Mud should remain indoors until roads are repaired 10. Which is the best title for the passage? A. How Floodwater Changes the Shape of City Roads B. Why Returning Home After a Flood Requires Care C. How Families Can Predict the Next Major Flood D. Why Electrical Workers Repair Every Home Before Residents 三、完形填空 At noon, Elena, who managed a small guesthouse near the coast, received a typhoon warning. The storm was expected to arrive before midnight, but six guests still planned to visit the beach. Elena closed new bookings and made a careful written (11) ______ of everyone in the building. She asked the guests (12) ______ in the dining room, where she explained the warning and the evacuation route. Most guests agreed to leave, (13) ______ one traveler insisted on going upstairs for a camera. Elena remained (14) ______ and showed him a map of the expected flooding. After he understood the (15) ______, he joined the group. Elena (16) ______ a minibus and asked two staff members to carry the bags. They checked every room, turned off the gas and left a note (17) ______ emergency workers. No one was allowed to return alone. At the inland shelter, the guests settled (18) ______ and noticed that an older woman had left her medicine behind. Elena called a nearby pharmacy instead of sending anyone back. The medicine arrived before the roads closed. Although the storm later damaged several windows, everyone remained (19) ______. Elena learned that disaster prevention is not a dramatic rescue. It is a practical (20) ______ built from early warnings, clear communication and decisions made before conditions become dangerous. 11. A. reason B. list C. message D. choice 12. A. gathering B. gathered C. to gather D. gather 13. A. but B. or C. because D. unless 14. A. empty B. proud C. private D. calm 15. A. price B. risk C. plan D. distance 16. A. discovered B. refused C. arranged D. repaired 17. A. for B. at C. by D. from 18. A. itself B. ourselves C. himself D. themselves 19. A. busy B. local C. safe D. awake 20. A. chance B. response C. warning D. trouble 四、应用写作 假定你是李华。请给家人写一封80—100词的英文邮件，介绍你准备的家庭应急包及检查计划。 信息1：列出应急包中的主要物品； 信息2：说明选择部分物品的原因； 信息3：说明应急包的存放位置； 信息4：介绍定期检查和更换物品的安排。 注意：文中不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名；可适当增加细节，使内容连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：2026-2027学年高二上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》以教材单元内容为基准，覆盖单元重点词汇、句型、语法、主题等核心考点，并紧密贴合职教高考真题题型，包括复习课件、讲义和模拟卷，旨在为学生提供全方位、高效的期中复习解决方案。 2026-2027学年高二上学期《英语期中考点大串讲》 Unit 3 Natural Disaster Prevention 内容导航 词汇积累·对折自测 句型夯实·语法梳理 单元主题·提升训练 词汇积累·对折自测 （一）重点单词 序号 中文提示 英文答案 英文提示 中文答案 教材语境 1 损害；损坏 damage damage 损害；损坏 Yes. There has been great damage. 2 电；电力 electricity electricity 电；电力 Be prepared to turn off electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate. 3 灾害；灾难 disaster disaster 灾害；灾难 There are natural disasters in many parts of the world every year. 4 地震 earthquake earthquake 地震 What do you do to keep yourself and your loved ones safe during an earthquake? 5 煤气；气体 gas gas 煤气；气体 Be prepared to turn off electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate. 6 镇静的；平静的 calm calm 镇静的；平静的 Keep calm and do not panic. 7 洪水 flood flood 洪水 Have you ever experienced a flood? 8 泥石流 mud rock flow mud rock flow 泥石流 9 台风 typhoon typhoon 台风 10 观测；观察 observation observation 观测；观察 The robot is part of a chain that makes up China's Earthquake Observation Network. 11 测量 measuring measuring 测量 It provides 24-hour worldwide earthquake observation backed up by the country's numerous measuring instrument stations, both home and abroad. 12 覆盖；掩护 cover cover 覆盖；掩护 COVER your head and neck (and your entire body if possible) underneath a hard table or desk. 13 网络 network network 网络 The robot is part of a chain that makes up China's Earthquake Observation Network. 14 趴下；弯腰 drop down drop down 趴下；弯腰 DROP DOWN onto your hands and knees before the earthquake knocks you down. 15 低洼的 low-lying low-lying 低洼的 Get down near an inner wall or next to a low-lying piece of furniture that won't fall on you. 16 高层的 high-rise high-rise 高层的 If you are in a high-rise building, DROP DOWN onto your hands and knees before the earthquake knocks you down. 17 风暴；暴风雨 storm storm 风暴；暴风雨 TV news says storms and floods have hit most of the South this summer. 18 令人心碎的 heartbreaking heartbreaking 令人心碎的 It's so heartbreaking to see with our own eyes people struggling for help. 19 挣扎；努力 struggle struggle 挣扎；努力 It's so heartbreaking to see with our own eyes people struggling for help. 20 灾难性的 disastrous disastrous 灾难性的 This year it seems to be the most disastrous year in my country. 21 可怕的 terrible terrible 可怕的 That must be terrible. 22 幸运地；幸好 fortunately fortunately 幸运地；幸好 Fortunately, no one was hurt in our village. 23 准备；使准备好 prepare prepare 准备；使准备好 Prepare enough water and food supply, at least for three days. 24 紧急的；应急的 emergency emergency 紧急的；应急的 Have an emergency kit ready all the time. 25 供应；供给 supply supply 供应；供给 Prepare enough water and food supply, at least for three days. 26 疏散；撤离 evacuate evacuate 疏散；撤离 Be prepared to turn off electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate. 27 路线 route route 路线 Learn about your community's emergency plans, warning signals, evacuation routes, and locations of emergency hiding places. 28 警报；警告信号 warning signal warning signal 警报；警告信号 Learn about your community's emergency plans, warning signals, evacuation routes, and locations of emergency hiding places. 29 避难处；藏身处 hiding place hiding place 避难处；藏身处 Learn about your community's emergency plans, warning signals, evacuation routes, and locations of emergency hiding places. 30 灭火器 fire extinguisher fire extinguisher 灭火器 Buy a fire extinguisher. 31 收集；聚集 gather gather 收集；聚集 Gather the emergency supplies you previously stored in your home, and stay tuned to your local radio or television station, etc. for updates. 32 保持收听；继续关注 stay tuned stay tuned 保持收听；继续关注 Gather the emergency supplies you previously stored in your home, and stay tuned to your local radio or television station, etc. for updates. 33 更新；最新消息 update update 更新；最新消息 Gather the emergency supplies you previously stored in your home, and stay tuned to your local radio or television station, etc. for updates. 34 之前；以前 previously previously 之前；以前 Gather the emergency supplies you previously stored in your home, and stay tuned to your local radio or television station, etc. for updates. 35 工具 tool tool 工具 Buy an emergency kit with food, maps, tools, a first aid kit, sleeping bags, etc. 36 急救包 first aid kit first aid kit 急救包 Buy an emergency kit with food, maps, tools, a first aid kit, sleeping bags, etc. 37 睡袋 sleeping bag sleeping bag 睡袋 Buy an emergency kit with food, maps, tools, a first aid kit, sleeping bags, etc. 38 联系；沟通 communication communication 联系；沟通 Make a communication plan for your family. 39 联系的人 contact person contact person 联系的人 Make sure everyone knows the name and phone number of the contact person. 40 震动；摇晃 shaking shaking 震动；摇晃 Be prepared to move with your cover if the shaking is still going on. 41 亲爱的；所爱的人 loved one loved one 亲爱的；所爱的人 What do you do to keep yourself and your loved ones safe during an earthquake? 42 反应；回应 react react 反应；回应 Today's exercises were conducted to react quickly and correctly to three life-saving skills. 43 及时的 timely timely 及时的 But somewhere in the world people cannot always get timely help. 44 在线的 online online 在线的 Data from around the world is collected by a data centre, providing a main source for the online robot to make a rapid and detailed report. 45 快速的 rapid rapid 快速的 The robot helps to form a rapid earthquake report within seconds. （二）重点短语 序号 中文提示 英文答案 英文提示 中文答案 教材语境 1 关闭电源 turn off the power turn off the power 关闭电源 Turn off the power. 2 把重要物品放进塑料袋 put important materials in plastic bags put important materials in plastic bags 把重要物品放进塑料袋 Put important materials in plastic bags. 3 待在安全区域 stay in safe areas stay in safe areas 待在安全区域 Stay in safe areas. 4 保持镇静，不要惊慌 keep calm and do not panic keep calm and do not panic 保持镇静，不要惊慌 Keep calm and do not panic. 5 找到安全的地方待着 find a safe place to stay find a safe place to stay 找到安全的地方待着 Find a safe place to stay. 6 远离危险区域 stay away from the risk area stay away from the risk area 远离危险区域 Stay away from the risk area. 7 为停电准备手电筒 prepare a flashlight for blackouts prepare a flashlight for blackouts 为停电准备手电筒 Prepare a flashlight for blackouts. 8 锁紧门窗 tightly lock the doors and windows tightly lock the doors and windows 锁紧门窗 Tightly lock the doors and windows. 9 准备足够的饮用水 prepare enough drinking water prepare enough drinking water 准备足够的饮用水 Prepare enough drinking water in case of water shortage. 10 随时准备好应急包 have an emergency kit ready all the time have an emergency kit ready all the time 随时准备好应急包 Have an emergency kit ready all the time. 11 通过新闻了解信息 keep informed by news keep informed by news 通过新闻了解信息 Keep informed by news and any other sources. 12 准备物资 get supplies get supplies 准备物资 Get supplies in case you leave immediately. 13 报道地震 report the earthquake report the earthquake 报道地震 Thanks to a robot, the China Earthquake Networks Centre (CENC) was the first to report the Jiuzhaigou earthquake on Tuesday evening. 14 组成…… make up ... make up ... 组成…… The robot is part of a chain that makes up China's Earthquake Observation Network. 15 全世界24小时地震观测 24-hour worldwide earthquake observation 24-hour worldwide earthquake observation 全世界24小时地震观测 It provides 24-hour worldwide earthquake observation backed up by the country's numerous measuring instrument stations, both home and abroad. 16 国内外 home and abroad home and abroad 国内外 It provides 24-hour worldwide earthquake observation backed up by the country's numerous measuring instrument stations, both home and abroad. 17 在几秒钟内 within seconds within seconds 在几秒钟内 The robot helps to form a rapid earthquake report within seconds. 18 节省时间 save time save time 节省时间 It gets the latest information to various people, helping to save time. 19 对……作出快速正确的反应 react quickly and correctly to ... react quickly and correctly to ... 对……作出快速正确的反应 Today's exercises were conducted to react quickly and correctly to three life-saving skills: DROP DOWN, COVER, and HOLD ON. 20 救命技能 life-saving skills life-saving skills 救命技能 Today's exercises were conducted to react quickly and correctly to three life-saving skills: DROP DOWN, COVER, and HOLD ON. 21 保护自己和亲人安全 keep yourself and your loved ones safe keep yourself and your loved ones safe 保护自己和亲人安全 What do you do to keep yourself and your loved ones safe during an earthquake? 22 趴到手和膝盖上 drop down onto your hands and knees drop down onto your hands and knees 趴到手和膝盖上 DROP DOWN onto your hands and knees before the earthquake knocks you down. 23 把头和脖子盖住 cover your head and neck cover your head and neck 把头和脖子盖住 COVER your head and neck (and your entire body if possible) underneath a hard table or desk. 24 在坚硬的桌子下面 underneath a hard table or desk underneath a hard table or desk 在坚硬的桌子下面 COVER your head and neck (and your entire body if possible) underneath a hard table or desk. 25 靠近内墙 get down near an inner wall get down near an inner wall 靠近内墙 Get down near an inner wall or next to a low-lying piece of furniture that won't fall on you. 26 抓住掩护物 hold on to the cover hold on to the cover 抓住掩护物 HOLD ON to the cover for your head and neck until the shaking stops. 27 直到震动停止 until the shaking stops until the shaking stops 直到震动停止 HOLD ON to the cover for your head and neck until the shaking stops. 28 准备随掩护物移动 be prepared to move with your cover be prepared to move with your cover 准备随掩护物移动 Be prepared to move with your cover if the shaking is still going on. 29 保持联系并知情 stay connected and informed stay connected and informed 保持联系并知情 Remember that everybody should stay connected and informed. 30 亲眼看到 see with one's own eyes see with one's own eyes 亲眼看到 It's so heartbreaking to see with our own eyes people struggling for help. 31 遭受巨大损害 there has been great damage there has been great damage 遭受巨大损害 Yes. There has been great damage. 32 经历洪水 experience a flood experience a flood 经历洪水 Have you ever experienced a flood? 33 及时得到帮助 get timely help get timely help 及时得到帮助 But somewhere in the world people cannot always get timely help. 34 提前计划 plan ahead plan ahead 提前计划 Keep yourself and your loved ones safe by planning ahead. 35 制定家庭沟通计划 make a communication plan for your family make a communication plan for your family 制定家庭沟通计划 Make a communication plan for your family. 36 确保某人知道…… make sure ... knows ... make sure ... knows ... 确保某人知道…… Make sure everyone knows the name and phone number of the contact person. 37 了解社区应急计划 learn about your community's emergency plans learn about your community's emergency plans 了解社区应急计划 Learn about your community's emergency plans, warning signals, evacuation routes, and locations of emergency hiding places. 38 撤离前关闭电源、煤气和水源 turn off electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate turn off electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate 撤离前关闭电源、煤气和水源 Be prepared to turn off electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate. 39 确保家人知道如何使用 make sure your family knows how to use ... make sure your family knows how to use ... 确保家人知道如何使用 Make sure your family knows where it is and how to use it. 40 收集应急物资 gather the emergency supplies gather the emergency supplies 收集应急物资 Gather the emergency supplies you previously stored in your home, and stay tuned to your local radio or television station, etc. for updates. 41 至少三天 at least for three days at least for three days 至少三天 Prepare enough water and food supply, at least for three days. 42 应急供应包 an emergency supply kit an emergency supply kit 应急供应包 Prepare an emergency supply kit. 句型夯实·语法梳理 1. 非谓语动词（II）概述 概念：本单元继续学习非谓语动词，重点关注动名词和不定式在句中作宾语补足语、后置定语以及主语等成分。 教材原句：It's so heartbreaking to see people struggling for help during a flood. 判断方法：先找句子的谓语动词，再判断其他动词形式的逻辑主语和句法功能。 教材原句：They had no place to stay. 2. 动名词作宾语补足语 结构：感官动词 find、see、hear 等后可接宾语和动词-ing，表示发现或看见某人正在做某事。 教材原句：I found him lying on the ground. 语义：宾语与动词-ing 之间是主动关系，动作通常正在进行。 教材原句：I saw him entering the office. 3. 不定式作后置定语 结构：不定式常放在名词或代词后作后置定语，说明将要做的动作或名词的用途。 教材原句：They had no place to stay. anything / something + to do：anything、something、nothing 等不定代词后常接不定式作定语。 教材原句：Do you have anything to say for yourself? 名词 + to do：book、factory、house 等名词后接不定式，表示“要读的书、要实习的工厂、要居住的房子”。 教材原句：I have many books to read. 4. 不定式作宾语补足语 allow sb. to do：allow、tell、ask 等动词后可接宾语和不定式，构成“动词 + sb. + to do”结构。 教材原句：Father will not allow us to play computer games too much. tell sb. not to do：tell sb. not to do sth. 表示“告诉某人不要做某事”，否定词 not 放在 to 前。 教材原句：I tell him not to go there by bus. 5. 不定式作主语 结构：不定式短语可以放在句首作主语，表示具体的一次性动作；谓语通常用单数形式。 教材原句：To study in a college is my goal. 主语后置：在较长的不定式作主语结构中，常可用 it 作形式主语，把不定式放在句末。 教材原句：It's so heartbreaking to see people struggling for help during a flood. 6. 非谓语动词的否定 不定式否定：not to do 表示“不要做某事”；not 放在不定式符号 to 前。 教材原句：I tell him not to go there by bus. 动名词否定：动名词的否定形式为 not doing，not 放在动名词前；本单元重点通过语境判断动名词和不定式。 教材原句：I found him lying on the ground. 7. 现在分词与过去分词辨析 现在分词：现在分词作宾语补足语表示主动或正在进行的动作，如 found him lying。 教材原句：I found him lying on the ground. 过去分词：过去分词常表示被动或完成；previously stored in your home 修饰 supplies，表示“之前储存在家中的”。 教材原句：Gather the emergency supplies you previously stored in your home, and stay tuned to your local radio or television station, etc. for updates. 8. 祈使句与灾害应对 祈使句：祈使句通常以动词原形开头，用于提出建议、发出指令或说明应急步骤；否定祈使句用 Do not / Don't + 动词原形。 教材原句：Keep calm and do not panic. 并列步骤：多个祈使句可以用 and 连接，形成连续的应急操作。 教材原句：DROP DOWN, COVER, and HOLD ON. Reading语篇重点提炼：地震自救三步法 1. 活动主题：National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day activity 表示“全国防灾减灾日活动”。 教材原句：On May 12th every year, Lantian Vocational School organises a National Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Day activity. 2. 快速正确反应：react quickly and correctly to ... 表示“对……作出快速正确的反应”。 教材原句：Today's exercises were conducted to react quickly and correctly to three life-saving skills: DROP DOWN, COVER, and HOLD ON. 3. 趴下：drop down onto your hands and knees 表示地震时趴到手和膝盖上，before 引导时间状语。 教材原句：DROP DOWN onto your hands and knees before the earthquake knocks you down. 4. 趴下的作用：protect sb. from ... 表示保护某人免受……；allow sb. to do 表示允许某人做某事。 教材原句：This position protects you from falling and allows you to still move if necessary. 5. 掩护头颈：cover your head and neck underneath a hard table or desk 表示在坚硬桌子下保护头颈。 教材原句：COVER your head and neck (and your entire body if possible) underneath a hard table or desk. 6. 寻找安全位置：get down near an inner wall / next to a low-lying piece of furniture 表示寻找不易倒塌的掩护处。 教材原句：Get down near an inner wall or next to a low-lying piece of furniture that won't fall on you. 7. 抓住掩护物：hold on to the cover ... until ... 表示抓住掩护物直到震动停止。 教材原句：HOLD ON to the cover for your head and neck until the shaking stops. 8. 保持联系和知情：stay connected and informed 表示保持联系、了解信息，是灾害期间的重要提醒。 教材原句：Remember that everybody should stay connected and informed. Speaking语篇重点提炼：灾害经历与应对 1. 新闻来源：TV news says ... 用于说明从电视新闻得知灾害消息。 教材原句：TV news says storms and floods have hit most of the South this summer. 2. 造成巨大损害：there has been great damage 表示“造成了巨大损害”。 教材原句：Yes. There has been great damage. 3. 最高级描述：the most disastrous year 表示“最灾难性的一年”，most + 多音节形容词构成最高级。 教材原句：This year it seems to be the most disastrous year in my country. 4. 灾害报道：there have been many reports of ... 表示“有许多关于……的报道”，there have been 与复数 reports 一致。 教材原句：There have been so many reports of snowstorms, floods, and earthquakes. 5. 亲眼目睹：see with our own eyes 表示“亲眼看到”；people struggling for help 是宾语和现在分词短语。 教材原句：It's so heartbreaking to see with our own eyes people struggling for help. 6. 询问经历：Have you ever experienced ...? 现在完成时用于询问截至现在的经历。 教材原句：Have you ever experienced a flood? 7. 幸运结果：Fortunately, no one was hurt ... 表示幸运地没有人受伤；被动语态 was hurt 表示“受伤”。 教材原句：Fortunately, no one was hurt in our village. 8. 及时帮助：get timely help 表示及时得到帮助；cannot always 表示并非总是能够。 教材原句：But somewhere in the world people cannot always get timely help. Culture Corner语篇重点提炼：洪水准备 1. 提前计划：keep ... safe by planning ahead 表示通过提前计划保证自己和亲人安全。 教材原句：Keep yourself and your loved ones safe by planning ahead. 2. 制定沟通计划：make a communication plan for your family 表示为家庭制定沟通计划。 教材原句：Make a communication plan for your family. 3. 确认联系人：make sure everyone knows ... 表示确保每个人都知道联系人信息。 教材原句：Make sure everyone knows the name and phone number of the contact person. 4. 了解社区方案：learn about emergency plans, warning signals and evacuation routes 表示了解社区的应急安排。 教材原句：Learn about your community's emergency plans, warning signals, evacuation routes, and locations of emergency hiding places. 5. 撤离前关闭设备：be prepared to turn off ... before you evacuate 表示撤离前准备关闭电源、煤气和水源。 教材原句：Be prepared to turn off electrical power, gas and water supplies before you evacuate. 6. 学会使用灭火器：make sure your family knows where it is and how to use it 表示确保家人知道灭火器位置和使用方法。 教材原句：Make sure your family knows where it is and how to use it. 7. 洪水警报时收集物资：gather supplies and stay tuned to ... for updates 表示收集物资并关注广播或电视的最新消息。 教材原句：Gather the emergency supplies you previously stored in your home, and stay tuned to your local radio or television station, etc. for updates. 8. 准备应急包：prepare enough water and food supply / buy an emergency kit 表示准备水、食物和包含工具的应急包。 教材原句：Prepare enough water and food supply, at least for three days. 即时训练（建议用时：10分钟） 一、单项选择（共5小题） 1. I found him ______ on the ground after the earthquake. A. lie B. lying C. to lie D. lay 【答案】B 【详解】find sb. doing sth. 表示“发现某人正在做某事”，现在分词 lying 作宾语补足语；lie 的现在分词为 lying。 【考点】find sb. doing sth.；现在分词作宾语补足语 2. They had no place ______ after the flood. A. stay B. staying C. to stay D. stayed 【答案】C 【详解】不定式 to stay 作后置定语，修饰 place，表示“要待的地方”；have no place to do 表示“没有做某事的地方”。 【考点】不定式作后置定语；have no place to do 3. Father will not allow us ______ computer games too much. A. play B. playing C. to play D. played 【答案】C 【详解】allow sb. to do sth. 表示“允许某人做某事”，不定式 to play 作宾语补足语。 【考点】allow sb. to do sth.；不定式作宾语补足语 4. Please keep ______ and do not panic when a disaster happens. A. calm B. calmly C. to calm D. calming 【答案】A 【详解】keep 后接形容词作表语，keep calm 表示“保持镇静”；calm 在此不是副词。 【考点】keep + 形容词；灾害应对表达 5. The emergency supplies ______ in a safe place before the typhoon came. A. stored B. were stored C. are storing D. have stored 【答案】B 【详解】supplies 与 store 是被动关系，且动作发生在过去，使用一般过去时被动语态 were stored。 【考点】一般过去时被动语态；过去分词作谓语 二、英汉互译（共5小题） 1—2题英译汉，3—5题汉译英。 1. DROP DOWN onto your hands and knees before the earthquake knocks you down. _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】在地震把你震倒之前，趴到你的手和膝盖上。 【详解】考点：祈使句；drop down onto ... 表示“趴到……上”；before 引导时间状语从句。关键词：“在……之前”→before；“趴到手和膝盖上”→drop down onto your hands and knees；“地震把你震倒”→the earthquake knocks you down。结构：祈使句 DROP DOWN ... + before 时间状语从句。易错：drop down 后接介词 onto；hands 和 knees 用复数；knock sb. down 表示“把某人撞倒/震倒”。拓展：drop down（趴下）；keep calm（保持镇静）；stay away from the risk area（远离危险区域）。 【考点】祈使句；drop down onto；before 时间状语从句 2. Make sure everyone knows the name and phone number of the contact person. _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】确保每个人都知道联系人的姓名和电话号码。 【详解】考点：make sure + 宾语从句；know the name and phone number of ... 表示知道……的姓名和电话号码。关键词：“确保”→make sure；“每个人”→everyone；“联系人的姓名和电话号码”→the name and phone number of the contact person。结构：Make sure + everyone knows ...，that 在口语中省略。易错：everyone 作主语时谓语用 knows；phone number 用单数与 name 并列时可共用定冠词；contact person 不要漏掉 person。拓展：make sure + 宾语从句（确保……）；contact person（联系人）；emergency contact（紧急联系人）。 【考点】make sure + 宾语从句；everyone 主谓一致；contact person 3. 地震发生时，请保持镇静，并把头和脖子藏在坚硬的桌子下面。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】When an earthquake happens, please keep calm and cover your head and neck underneath a hard table. 【详解】考点：时间状语从句；keep calm；cover ... underneath ...。关键词：“地震发生时”→When an earthquake happens；“保持镇静”→keep calm；“把头和脖子藏在……”→cover your head and neck underneath ...。结构：When 引导时间状语从句 + 主句祈使句 please keep ... and cover ...。易错：when 从句表示一般情况用一般现在时 happens；keep 后接形容词 calm；cover 是“遮住、掩护”，不译成 hide；underneath 后接名词短语。拓展：cover one's head and neck（护住头和脖子）；underneath a hard table or desk（在坚硬的桌子下面）；do not panic（不要惊慌）。 【考点】when 时间状语从句；keep + 形容词；cover ... underneath ... 4. 我发现他在地上躺着，所以我告诉他不要去危险区域。 ________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】I found him lying on the ground, so I told him not to go to the risk area. 【详解】考点：find sb. doing sth.；tell sb. not to do sth.；so 连接结果。关键词：“发现他躺在地上”→found him lying on the ground；“告诉他不要去”→told him not to go；“危险区域”→the risk area。结构：主句 I found + 宾语 him + 现在分词 lying，so 连接 I told him + not to do。易错：lie 的现在分词为 lying；tell 后接宾语再接不定式；否定不定式在 to 前加 not；risk area 前用 the。拓展：see sb. doing sth.（看见某人正在做某事）；allow sb. to do sth.（允许某人做某事）；stay away from ...（远离……）。 【考点】find sb. doing sth.；tell sb. not to do sth.；现在分词 5. 提前制定计划，准备好应急包，并储存至少三天的水和食物。 _______________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Plan ahead, have an emergency kit ready, and store enough water and food for at least three days. 【详解】考点：plan ahead；have ... ready；prepare ... for ...；at least 表示“至少”。关键词：“提前制定计划”→plan ahead；“准备好应急包”→have an emergency kit ready；“储存水和食物”→store water and food；“至少三天”→for at least three days。结构：三个并列祈使句 Plan ..., have ..., and store ...。易错：have + 宾语 + 形容词 ready 表示“使……准备好”；water 和 food 为不可数名词；at least 放在数量或时间前；for 后接时间段。拓展：emergency kit（应急包）；food supply（食物供应）；prepare enough water（准备足够的水）。 【考点】plan ahead；have ... ready；并列祈使句；at least 单元主题·提升训练 一、补全对话（七选五） Maya: The weather service has issued a typhoon warning for tomorrow. What about our beach trip? Dad: ______1______ Maya: I agree. I will contact the hotel and ask to change our booking. Dad: ______2______ Maya: The strong wind may arrive tonight. Should we do anything at home? Dad: ______3______ Maya: I will do that. What else should go into the emergency bag? Dad: A flashlight, batteries, drinking water and copies of important documents. Maya: ______4______ Dad: Good idea. Please tell Grandma about the change because she may worry. Maya: ______5______ Dad: Then we can stay indoors and follow the latest weather updates. A. Bring the flowerpots inside and lock the balcony doors. B. We should postpone it instead of taking an unnecessary risk. C. I will call her after I finish packing the bag. D. Good. I will check whether our train tickets can be changed. E. The beach will probably be less crowded during the storm. F. I will charge both power banks as well. G. Could we invite more relatives to travel with us? 【答案】1.B 2.D 3.A 4.F 5.C 【导语】本段对话围绕家庭出游前收到台风预警展开。Maya和父亲决定推迟海边行程，联系酒店和铁路部门改期，同时商定收好阳台物品、准备应急包、为充电宝充电并通知奶奶，体现收到预警后及时调整计划的重要性。 【详解】 1. 根据上文已经发布台风预警以及下文Maya联系酒店改期可知，此处应建议推迟行程，避免不必要的风险。B项符合语境。故选B。 2. 根据Maya准备联系酒店改期可知，父亲应相应检查火车票能否改签。D项衔接自然。故选D。 3. 根据上文询问家中需要采取的措施可知，此处应建议收好花盆并锁好阳台门。A项符合语境。故选A。 4. 根据上文讨论应急包以及下文父亲认可这一做法可知，Maya应补充为充电宝充电。F项符合语境。故选F。 5. 根据父亲请Maya通知奶奶可知，她应答应整理完应急包后打电话。C项符合交际逻辑。故选C。 二、阅读理解 When floodwater moves away, a street can appear calm again. However, returning home too early may expose residents to dangers left behind. The safest decision is to wait until local authorities say the area can be entered. Floodwater can weaken walls, floors and stairs, especially when it moves quickly or remains for several days. Cracks, leaning walls or unusual sounds may warn that a building is unstable. A qualified inspector should examine serious damage before anyone goes inside. Electricity creates another hidden risk. Damaged wires may remain live, and wet materials can conduct electricity. Residents should not touch switches or appliances while a building is wet. The power company or a trained electrician should disconnect and check the system first. Floodwater may also mix with sewage, fuel or chemicals. Mud can carry harmful substances, while tap water may be unsafe until tested. People entering an approved area should wear boots and gloves, use bottled water and throw away food that touched floodwater. Roads and paths also need attention because covers may have moved and holes may be hidden. A safe return is a planned process: follow the official route, enter during daylight, take another adult and leave immediately if danger appears. A familiar home may need time and expert inspection before it becomes safe again. 6. Why should residents wait for official permission before returning? A. Floodwater always returns at exactly the same hour B. Hidden dangers may remain after water moves away C. Every damaged house must be rebuilt from the beginning D. Local roads usually become crowded with repair workers 7. Who should check a wet building's electrical system? A. A neighbor who has used the appliances before B. A resident wearing waterproof boots and thick gloves C. A shopkeeper selling batteries and bottled drinking water D. The power company or a trained electrician 8. What does the word “conduct” probably mean in paragraph 3? A. Allow electricity to pass through a material B. Remove dirty water from a building C. Protect damaged wires from further rain D. Connect household appliances to new batteries 9. What can be inferred from the passage? A. Bottled water becomes dangerous after entering a house B. Returning alone at night makes inspection more accurate C. A familiar appearance does not prove a home safe D. Mud should remain indoors until roads are repaired 10. Which is the best title for the passage? A. How Floodwater Changes the Shape of City Roads B. Why Returning Home After a Flood Requires Care C. How Families Can Predict the Next Major Flood D. Why Electrical Workers Repair Every Home Before Residents 【答案】6.B 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍洪水退去后不能立即返回住所的原因。文章依次说明房屋结构受损、积水导电、污水和化学物污染以及道路塌陷等潜在危险，并提出等待官方通知、由专业人员检查、穿戴防护用品和结伴在白天返回等安全建议。 【详解】 6. 考点：细节理解题。根据“returning home too early may expose residents to dangers left behind”(过早返回住所可能使居民面临遗留下来的危险)可知，即使洪水退去，仍可能存在隐藏危险。故选B。 7. 考点：细节理解题。根据“The power company or a trained electrician should disconnect and check the system first.”(电力公司或经过培训的电工应先切断电源并检查系统)可知，应由专业人员检查潮湿房屋的电力系统。故选D。 8. 考点：词义猜测题。根据“Damaged wires may remain live, and wet materials can conduct electricity.”(受损电线可能仍然带电，潮湿材料能够传导电流)可知，conduct在此处表示让电流通过材料。故选A。 9. 考点：推理判断题。根据“A familiar home may need time and expert inspection before it becomes safe again.”(熟悉的住所可能需要经过一段时间和专业检查才能重新安全)可推知，外观看起来熟悉不能证明房屋已经安全。故选C。 10. 考点：标题归纳题。根据“A safe return is a planned process”(安全返回是一个需要规划的过程)以及全文列举的多种灾后危险可知，文章主要说明洪水后返家必须谨慎。故选B。 三、完形填空 At noon, Elena, who managed a small guesthouse near the coast, received a typhoon warning. The storm was expected to arrive before midnight, but six guests still planned to visit the beach. Elena closed new bookings and made a careful written (11) ______ of everyone in the building. She asked the guests (12) ______ in the dining room, where she explained the warning and the evacuation route. Most guests agreed to leave, (13) ______ one traveler insisted on going upstairs for a camera. Elena remained (14) ______ and showed him a map of the expected flooding. After he understood the (15) ______, he joined the group. Elena (16) ______ a minibus and asked two staff members to carry the bags. They checked every room, turned off the gas and left a note (17) ______ emergency workers. No one was allowed to return alone. At the inland shelter, the guests settled (18) ______ and noticed that an older woman had left her medicine behind. Elena called a nearby pharmacy instead of sending anyone back. The medicine arrived before the roads closed. Although the storm later damaged several windows, everyone remained (19) ______. Elena learned that disaster prevention is not a dramatic rescue. It is a practical (20) ______ built from early warnings, clear communication and decisions made before conditions become dangerous. 11. A. reason B. list C. message D. choice 12. A. gathering B. gathered C. to gather D. gather 13. A. but B. or C. because D. unless 14. A. empty B. proud C. private D. calm 15. A. price B. risk C. plan D. distance 16. A. discovered B. refused C. arranged D. repaired 17. A. for B. at C. by D. from 18. A. itself B. ourselves C. himself D. themselves 19. A. busy B. local C. safe D. awake 20. A. chance B. response C. warning D. trouble 【答案】11.B 12.C 13.A 14.D 15.B 16.C 17.A 18.D 19.C 20.B 【导语】本文是一篇灾害应对类记叙文。海边民宿管理员Elena收到台风预警后停止接待新客，清点人数并说明撤离路线；面对坚持返回房间取相机的住客，她耐心解释风险并组织车辆转移。到达避难所后，她通过联系药店解决住客遗忘药物的问题，最终保障所有人安全。 【详解】 11. 考点：名词辨析。A项reason意为“原因”；B项list意为“清单”；C项message意为“信息”；D项choice意为“选择”。Elena需要清点楼内所有人员，因此制作的是人员清单。故选B。 12. 考点：非谓语动词辨析。A项gathering为动名词或现在分词；B项gathered为过去式或过去分词；C项to gather为不定式；D项gather为动词原形。ask sb. to do sth.表示“要求某人做某事”。故选C。 13. 考点：连词辨析。A项but意为“但是”；B项or意为“或者”；C项because意为“因为”；D项unless意为“除非”。多数住客同意撤离，但一名旅客坚持上楼，前后为转折关系。故选A。 14. 考点：形容词辨析。A项empty意为“空的”；B项proud意为“自豪的”；C项private意为“私人的”；D项calm意为“冷静的”。面对住客坚持取相机，Elena保持冷静并解释风险。故选D。 15. 考点：名词辨析。A项price意为“价格”；B项risk意为“风险”；C项plan意为“计划”；D项distance意为“距离”。Elena展示预期洪水地图，使住客理解返回楼上的风险。故选B。 16. 考点：动词辨析。A项discovered意为“发现”；B项refused意为“拒绝”；C项arranged意为“安排”；D项repaired意为“修理”。为组织住客撤离，Elena安排了一辆小型客车。故选C。 17. 考点：介词辨析。A项for意为“给；为了”；B项at意为“在”；C项by意为“由；通过”；D项from意为“来自”。leave a note for sb.表示“给某人留便条”。故选A。 18. 考点：代词辨析。A项itself意为“它自己”；B项ourselves意为“我们自己”；C项himself意为“他自己”；D项themselves意为“他们自己”。settle oneself表示“安顿下来”，主语the guests为复数，应用themselves。故选D。 19. 考点：形容词辨析。A项busy意为“忙碌的”；B项local意为“当地的”；C项safe意为“安全的”；D项awake意为“醒着的”。虽然风暴损坏窗户，但所有人员都保持安全。故选C。 20. 考点：名词辨析。A项chance意为“机会”；B项response意为“应对；反应”；C项warning意为“警告”；D项trouble意为“麻烦”。此处总结防灾是一种由预警、沟通和提前决策组成的实际应对。故选B。 四、应用写作 假定你是李华。请给家人写一封80—100词的英文邮件，介绍你准备的家庭应急包及检查计划。 信息1：列出应急包中的主要物品； 信息2：说明选择部分物品的原因； 信息3：说明应急包的存放位置； 信息4：介绍定期检查和更换物品的安排。 注意：文中不得出现真实姓名、校名和地名；可适当增加细节，使内容连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________【范文】 Dear family, I have prepared an emergency bag for storms and floods. It contains bottled water, dry food, a flashlight, spare batteries, first-aid supplies, a portable radio and copies of our ID cards. The water and food can support us for three days, while the radio will provide updates if phone networks fail. I have placed the bag in the hall cupboard beside the front door. On the first Saturday of each month, I will check expiry dates, test the batteries, recharge the power bank and replace anything necessary. Please learn where the bag is. Best wishes, Li Hua 【导语】本封家庭邮件介绍了为暴风雨和洪水准备的应急包。邮件列出饮用水、干粮、手电筒、备用电池、急救用品、便携式收音机和证件复印件，说明部分物品的用途，并明确应急包的存放位置及每月检查、充电和更换物品的计划。 【详解】 1. 词汇积累：first-aid supplies急救用品；portable radio便携式收音机；expiry date有效期；recharge the power bank给充电宝充电。 2. 句式拓展。原文：I have placed the bag in the hall cupboard beside the front door. 拓展：The bag is kept beside the front door so that everyone can reach it quickly. 【点睛】【高分句型1】The water and food can support us for three days, while the radio will provide updates if phone networks fail.（while连接并列信息，if引导条件状语从句。） 【高分句型2】On the first Saturday of each month, I will check expiry dates, test the batteries, recharge the power bank and replace anything necessary.（四个并列动词使检查计划具体清晰。） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $