第10讲 Unit3 Grammar 讲义 2026-2027学年译林版英语八年级上册

第10讲 Unit3 To be a good learner (Grammar-Comparative and superlative adverbs&Reflexive pronouns) 语法精讲(副词的比较级和最高级) 定义:我们用副词比较级来比较两个动作或表现;用副词最高级来比较三个或三个以上的动作或表现。 Daniel arrived earlier than me. She plays volleyball (the) best in her class. 注意:副词最高级前的the有时可以省略。 副词比较级和最高级的构成方法与形容词基本相同。 规则 原级 比较级 最高级 单音节词 大多数词后加er或est low fast lower fastest 多音节词和部分双音节词 在词的前面加more或most beautifully quickly more beautifully most beautifully most quickly 其中常见的不规则变化有:well badly far 有些词既可用作形容词又可用作副词,如far, fast, early, near, hard, high, late, long和well。 小试牛刀 1. Suzy learns (fast). She learns (fast) than any other student in my class. She learns (fast) of us all. 2. Daniel thinks (actively). He thinks (actively) than any of my other classmates. He thinks (actively) in my class. 3. David works (hard). He works (hard) than all my other classmates. He works (hard) in my class. 语法精讲(反身代词) 定义:反身代词即人称代词的反身形式,它所指代的人或物与主语一致,在句中可以起到强调作用,反身代词在句中不能单独做主语。 Mike cannot look after himself. The children enjoyed themselves very much at the Lantern Festival. I painted the room myself. 注意:反身代词和它所指代的对象在人称、性别、数上必须保持一致。 英语中的反身代词如下: 人称 单数 复数 第一人称 myself ourselves 第二人称 yourself yourselves 第三人称 himself herself itself themselves 小试牛刀 Our English teacher Mr Wu taught to play the piano. He found a useful app and practised a lot. He even records playing the piano every day. Sandy and I feel encouraged. We wish we could learn something by too. Sandy likes to cook. She often cooks some simple dishes for when she is alone at home. I may try drawing. I want to draw pictures of and my parents. At weekends, they often make a cup of tea and read a book by the window. I will try to draw them next weekend. Unit3 To be a good learner (Word power-The suffixes -er, -or and -ist) 定义:我们可以在一些单词后面加上后缀-er, -or和-ist来创造名词,以描写从事具体工作或活动的人。 动词/名词 +后缀 名词 print + er printer invent + or inventor tour + ist tourist Benjamin Franklin was a man of many talents. When he was a young man, he worked as a printer and kept developing his skills as a writer. He was also an inventor and made many useful things for daily life. Moreover, Franklin was a scientist, and many of his findings played an important role in his history of science. 有时我们在添加后缀时需要改变动词/名词的结尾:dance dancer win winner piano pianist science scientist 小试牛刀(通过添加后缀,将下列单词改为名词) 1. plan 2. own 3. art 4. win 5. write 6. piano 7. biology 8. visit 9. publish 10. manage A slashie is someone good at many different jobs. For example, Xiao Yi is a great (design). He is also a (sing) and (dance). Liang Xu is a (biology), she’s also an amazing (photograph) and (write). Today, there are more and more chances for people to develop their interests in different areas. So, we’ll see even more slashies in the future. 习题精练 一、单项选择 ( )1. Bob sings in our class. A. better B. best C. good D. well ( )2. In order to pass the exam, you need to work much now. A. hard B. harder C. hardest D. hardly ( )3. You are a teacher. I am a teacher . A. neither B. too C. either D. nor ( )4. It’s difficult to live in a foreign country, if you don’t speak the language. A. exactly B. naturally C. usually D. especially ( )5. She is very good at painting. She can paint her teacher. A. as better as B. as well as C. as good as D. so well as ( )6. The sweater is very , so she has to wash it . A. expensive; carefully B. expensive; careful C. expensively; carefully D. expensively; careful ( )7. I have learned a thousand English words. A. not than B. more not than C. more than no D. no more than ( )8. Ann looking for a job. She hasn’t found a job . A. yet is; still B. is yet; still C. is still; yet D. still; yet ( )9. The bus stop wasn’t very near the hotel. We had to walk a long way. A. very B. quite C. quiet D. so ( )10. The harder you work, the you will be. A. luckier B. lucky C. luckily D. luck ( )11. Change the information you read into a mind map. , you can remember it well and think of it later easily. A. In this way B. At the same time C. On the other hand D. By the way ( )12. —Confucius Institute(孔子学院)has been set up in many other countries. —Yes, Chinese is spoken in those countries. I am proud of that as a Chinese. A. hardly B. widely C. never D. seldom ( )13. —Is this physics problem ? —Yes, I can work it out . A. easy; easily B. easy; easy C. easily; easy D. easily; easily ( )14. I have gone , for I have a dozen irons in the fire. A. nowhere recently B. recently nowhere C. everywhere recently D. recently everywhere ( )15. My time in the middle school will be one of periods of my life. A. exciting B. more exciting C. the more exciting D. the most exciting 二、根据汉语提示或选择适当的词语完成下面的短文 My brother is a good student. He is always careful about everything. One day, he stayed at home (alone, lonely). At first, he practiced writing. He wrote very (又仔细又慢). Soon he felt very hot and he opened the door (wide, widely). About half an hour (late, lately, later), a thief slid into the house. He tied my brother with a rope and began to look for money in the room. My brother tried to untie the rope, but failed. He didn’t (放弃). He moved himself to the door slowly. At last he ran out of the house and shouted. The neighbors came and caught the thief. People spoke (high, highly) of my brother. 三、首字母填空 Li Ling is a young poet from a small mountain town in Yunnan, China. Her poem Dark Night has become p all over the world. It says, “Dark night I embrace, for all it prevails. So as love does.” This means she finds comfort in the n, just like love covers everything. It has been about 9 years s poetry education began in Li’s town, Mangshui. In 2016, a teacher named Kang Yu asked students to w about their feelings while it was raining. They wrote poems for the first time. Now the poetry classes in schools are very interesting, and most of them are held o, under trees or near rice fields. Poems make children h and confident. Even quiet students enjoy it. Wang Chunlin is also a girl from this town. She has written more than 200 p. She said that poetry gives her e and makes her hopeful. Poetry has a opened up a new world for Wang. She went to Beijing twice for poetry events, something she had n done before. “I will keep writing poems, I want to teach poetry and share the beauty of poetry with others,” she said. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 四、阅读理解 In ancient Greece, there was a god named Prometheus. He was always thinking about the future and planning how to make the world better. While other gods were relaxing among the clouds on Mount Olympus, he chose to live with humans and tried to help them. Soon, Prometheus noticed that humans didn’t live as happily as the gods. They stayed in dark and cold caves, had little food, and even faced dangers from wild animals. “If they had fire, they could at least warm themselves and cook food. Then, they could learn to make tools and build houses,” Prometheus thought to himself. So, he bravely went to Zeus, the king of the gods, and asked him to give fire to humans. “Never!” said Zeus. “If they had fire, they might become as strong and smart as us. Then they would drive us out of power. Besides, fire is dangerous, and they are too stupid to use it safely.” Prometheus didn’t answer, but he had set his heart on helping humans. He found a long and dry plant. It could keep a fire burning for a long time. Then, Prometheus stole fire from Zeus’ lightning and brought it to the earth. He taught humans how to use fire for warmth, cooking, and protection. All of them thanked him deeply for his wonderful gift. However, it didn’t take long for Zeus to find the fire on the earth. He became angry and chained Prometheus to a mountain. Every day, an eagle came to eat his liver. Prometheus felt great pain, but he didn’t regret what he had done. He was proud to have brought hope to humans. ( )1. What can we learn from paragraph 1? A. Prometheus liked relaxing with the other gods on Mount Olympus. B. Prometheus didn’t want to do anything for humans. C. Prometheus wanted to make the world better. D. The other gods chose to live with humans. ( )2. What does the underlined word “him” refer to in paragraph 3? A. Prometheus. B. Zeus C. The eagle D. The mountain ( )3. What is the right order of the following events? ① Prometheus asked Zeus to give fire to humans. ② Zeus disagreed with Prometheus. ③ People stayed in dark and cold caves. ④ Prometheus taught humans how to use fire. A. ③④①② B. ③②①④ C. ①③②④ D. ③①②④ ( )4. What do you think of Prometheus? A. Lazy B. Brave C. Cruel D. Afraid 第 1 页 共 1 页 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $