专题04 阅读理解（议论文+新闻报道）（期中真题汇编，重庆专用）高二英语上学期

专题04 阅读理解（议论文+新闻报道） 主题语境01 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高二上·重庆南开中学校·期中）CHINADAILY Huawei releases chip software ecosystem Chinese tech giant Huawei has announced the full open-source release of its Ascend chip software ecosystem, aiming to empower users to explore its deep potential and to undertake customized development independently. Known as CANN (Compute Architecture for Neural Networks), the software serves as a bridge between high-level AI training frameworks and Ascend chips, allowing users to access computing power without dealing with complicated chip-level problems. Progress made in lifting connections Construction of the Xuzhou-Mingguang Expressway is making progress, as China Railway Construction Corp’s 24th bureau recently announced that it has completed installing box girders on a key overpass along the expressway. The builder said the overpass, located in Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, aims to function as a key channel boosting regional economic connectivity and facilitating road links between Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. Shipping route boosts China-Peru trade In the year 2025, cargo volume on the Chancay-Shanghai shipping route reached 78,000 metric tons, worth 1.72 billion yuan ($240.76 million), according to Shanghai Customs. After this route was set up, the total value of imports and exports between Shanghai and Peru increased by 34.9 percent compared with last year. Since the launch of the route in December 2024, the shipping time between Peru and China has been reduced to around 23 days, significantly cutting shipping costs by over 20 percent. As a result, more and more fresh fruits such as mangoes and blueberries are being directly transported from Peru to China via this route. 1.What is the main purpose of Huawei’s release of CANN? A. To compete with other chip producers. B. To replace the existing AI training frameworks. C. To support users in discovering its advanced abilities. D. To improve the hardware performance of Ascend chips. 2.What benefit has the Chancay-Shanghai shipping route brought? A. The rising shipping costs. B. The doubled cargo volume. C. The increased shipping time. D. The more efficient transportation. 3.In which part of the newspaper can you possibly find this passage? A. Entertainment. B. Economics. C. Education. D. Sports. 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. B 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了华为发布芯片软件生态系统、徐明高速公路建设进展以及钱凯—上海航运路线促进中秘贸易这三则新闻。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一则新闻中的“Chinese tech giant Huawei has announced the full open-source release of its Ascend chip software ecosystem, aiming to empower users to explore its deep potential and to undertake customized development independently. (中国科技巨头华为宣布其昇腾芯片软件生态系统全面开源，旨在让用户能够挖掘其深厚潜力，并自主进行定制化开发)”可知，华为发布CANN的主要目的是支持用户发掘其先进能力。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三则新闻中的“Since the launch of the route in December 2024, the shipping time between Peru and China has been reduced to around 23 days, significantly cutting shipping costs by over 20 percent. As a result, more and more fresh fruits such as mangoes and blueberries are being directly transported from Peru to China via this route. (自2024年12月该航线开通以来，秘鲁与中国之间的运输时间已缩短至约23天，运输成本大幅降低了20%以上。因此，越来越多的芒果、蓝莓等新鲜水果通过这条航线从秘鲁直接运往中国)”可知，钱凯—上海航运路线带来了更高效的运输。故选D项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文中内容涉及华为的技术生态、高速公路建设、中秘贸易航线，这些都与经济发展、商业往来相关。由此推知，本文可能出现在报纸的经济版面。故选B项。 主题语境02 人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 （25-26高二上·重庆渝东九校·期中）On the morning of the spring college entrance exam, a medical student Jiang faced a critical situation. While in a taxi with a classmate to the exam site, the young man suddenly collapsed. Jiang immediately recognized the seriousness of the situation. Instead of panicking, he relied on the first aid skills he had learned in school. He laid his classmate flat on the backseat and began performing CPR (心肺复苏). At the same time, he instructed the driver, Wang, to head directly to the nearest hospital. The driver, Wang, responded without hesitation. He informed the local traffic police about the emergency and proceeded to drive through six red lights to reach the hospital in just seven minutes — a journey that normally takes twice as long. Upon arrival, Jiang ensured his classmate was handed over to the emergency medical team before he even thought about informing his school or his own exam. By then, it was too late for him to take the 9 a.m. test. Doctors later confirmed that the CPR performed in the car during the crucial first few minutes was vital. It prevented brain damage and laid the foundation for the successful hospital treatment that followed. When the story spread online, the public praised his selflessness and quick thinking. The parents of the rescued student expressed their deep gratitude, stating that without Jiang and the driver’s help, their child would not have survived. Jiang’s selfless act won public praise. “Exams can be retaken, but a life cannot,” he said. Later, he was officially complimented and offered a make-up exam. His story has been recommended for the 2025 “China Good Person List.” 1.What did Jiang do first after his classmate collapsed? A. Call the police. B. Inform the school. C. Perform CPR. D. Tell the driver to go to the hospital. 2.Why does the author say the trip took “in just seven minutes”? A. To show the driver knew the route well. B. To stress the urgency and fast response. C. To complain about traffic jams. D. To explain why Jiang was late. 3.How did the public view Jiang’s behavior? A. They praised his selflessness. B. They felt sorry for his exam. C. They protested the school training. D. They discussed first aid education. 4.Where is the passage taken from? A. A diary. B. A medical journal. C. A novel. D. A report. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. A　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。主要讲述医学生江同学高考前夕救人错过考试，获公众赞誉及补考机会的事迹。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“While in a taxi with a classmate to the exam site, the young man suddenly collapsed. Jiang immediately recognized the seriousness of the situation. Instead of panicking, he relied on the first aid skills he had learned in school. He laid his classmate flat on the backseat and began performing CPR (心肺复苏). (他和同学正乘坐出租车赶往考点时，这位同学突然晕倒了。江同学立刻意识到情况危急，他没有慌乱，而是凭借在学校学到的急救技能展开施救。他将同学平放在出租车后座，开始实施心肺复苏。)”可知，同学晕倒后，江同学最先做的是实施心肺复苏。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“He informed the local traffic police about the emergency and proceeded to drive through six red lights to reach the hospital in just seven minutes — a journey that normally takes twice as long. (他向当地交警报告了这一紧急情况，随后连闯六个红灯，仅用七分钟就抵达医院，而这段路程通常需要两倍的时间。)”可知，作者强调“仅用七分钟”，是为了突出当时情况的紧迫性以及司机快速的应急反应。故选B项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“When the story spread online, the public praised his selflessness and quick thinking. (当这件事在网上传开后，公众纷纷赞扬他的无私精神和敏捷的思维。)”可知，公众对江同学的行为持赞扬态度，认可他的无私。故选A项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其根据第一段“On the morning of the spring college entrance exam, a medical student Jiang faced a critical situation. While in a taxi with a classmate to the exam site, the young man suddenly collapsed. Jiang immediately recognized the seriousness of the situation. Instead of panicking, he relied on the first aid skills he had learned in school. He laid his classmate flat on the backseat and began performing CPR (心肺复苏). At the same time, he instructed the driver, Wang, to head directly to the nearest hospital.(春季高考的当天早上，医学生江同学遭遇了一场危急状况。他和同学正乘坐出租车赶往考点时，这位同学突然晕倒了。江同学立刻意识到情况危急，他没有慌乱，而是凭借在学校学到的急救技能展开施救。他将同学平放在出租车后座，开始实施心肺复苏。同时嘱咐出租车司机王师傅径直开往最近的医院。)”可知，主要讲述医学生小江同学高考前夕救人错过考试，获公众赞誉及补考机会的事迹。文章以客观、平实的语言报道了医学生救人的真实事迹，包含时间、人物、事件经过及后续影响等要素，符合新闻报道的文体特征。所以短文来自一篇报道。故选D项。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·重庆西南大学附中·期中）A recent survey found children would rather be online influencers (网红) than astronauts. It made headlines and led to plenty of complaints about “kids these days”. Is influencing a promising career path? The lifestyles we see advertised on social media are enticing, but under the shining appearance lie uncertain income, pay inequality, disability and mental health issues. Successful influencers will be the first to claim that anyone can make it in the industry. However, social media economy experts uncovered a huge income gap between successful influencers and everyone else. For most people trying to become an influencer, their passion projects of content creation often become free work for brands. Most influencers are self-employed, often experiencing inconsistent income and a lack of protection that comes with long-term employment. The risks of self-employment are increased in the influencer industry by absence of industry standards and little pay transparency (透明度) . Influencers are often forced to assess their own value and determine fees for their work. As a result, content creators often undervalue their own creative labour, and many end up working for free. Influencers are also often at the mercy of algorithms — the behind-the-scenes computer programs that determine which posts are shown, in which order, to users. Platforms share little detail about their algorithms, yet they finally determine who and what gains visibility and influence on social media. The threat of invisibility is a constant source of insecurity for influencers, who are under constant pressure to feed platforms with content. If they don’t, they may be “punished” by the algorithm — having posts hidden or displayed lower down on search results. Constant online presence leads to one of the most common issues in the influencer industry: mental health concerns. Influencers can connect to their platform workspaces and audience at any time of day or night, which can lead to them overworking. Coupled with the fear of online criticism, it contributes to mental and physical health issues. Although becoming an influencer may look attractive to more and more people, the industry’s dark underside needs to be made visible and improved through enhanced employment regulation and industry-led cultural change. 1.Which of the following words can replace “enticing” in paragraph 1? A. Imaginative B. Similar. C. appealing. D. Fashionable. 2.What’s one of the reasons for influencers’ undervaluing their creative work? A. Invisibility of payment. B. Instability of income. C. Pressure of assessment. D. Risks of self-employment. 3.What may cause the influencers’ stress according to paragraph 4? A. Having to work out the order of posts to be displayed. B. Being punished by platform staff for personal reasons. C. Being threatened to create new content without being paid. D. Having little control and knowledge of the platform algorithms. 4.Why does the author write this text? A. To stress the importance of visibility in the online world. B. To reveal relationships between platforms and influencers. C. To explain the reasons behind children’s career preferences. D. To show the dark side of working as an online content creator. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. D　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了网红职业虽表面光鲜，却存在收入不均、算法制约、心理健康等诸多行业隐忧的现状。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第一段中“The lifestyles we see advertised on social media are enticing, but under the shining appearance lie uncertain income, pay inequality, disability and mental health issues.(我们在社交媒体上看到的被大肆宣传的网红生活方式很enticing，但在光鲜的外表之下却潜藏着收入不稳定、薪酬不平等、易出现伤残以及心理健康等问题)”的转折逻辑可知，enticing应与“光鲜、有吸引力”含义相近，和appealing（有吸引力的）词义相符。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“The risks of self-employment are increased in the influencer industry by absence of industry standards and little pay transparency(透明度).(在网红行业中，行业标准的缺失以及薪资透明度的低下加剧了自主就业的风险)”以及“As a result, content creators often undervalue their own creative labour, and many end up working for free.(因此，内容创作者常常会低估自己的创意劳动价值，而且很多人最终会落得免费工作的下场)”可知，薪资透明度低是创作者低估自身劳动价值的原因之一。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Platforms share little detail about their algorithms, yet they finally determine who and what gains visibility and influence on social media.(平台几乎不会分享其算法的细节，但这些算法最终却决定了谁以及哪些内容能在社交媒体上获得曝光度和影响力)”以及“The threat of invisibility is a constant source of insecurity for influencers, who are under constant pressure to feed platforms with content.(曝光度缺失的威胁是网红持续不安的根源，他们还承受着要持续为平台提供内容的压力)”可知，对平台算法缺乏了解和掌控是网红产生压力的原因。故选D。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据全文内容以及最后一段中“Although becoming an influencer may look attractive to more and more people, the industry’s dark underside needs to be made visible and improved through enhanced employment regulation and industry-led cultural change.(尽管成为网红对越来越多的人来说看似很有吸引力，但该行业的阴暗面需要被公之于众，并且要通过加强就业监管以及行业主导的文化变革来改善这一现状)”可知，作者的写作目的是揭露网红这一职业背后的行业弊端。故选D。 主题语境02 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高二上·重庆实验外国语学校·期中）Recently the 27-year-old Chinese rapper, Lan Lao (stage name SKAI ISYOURGOD) has achieved what few Chinese musicians have achieved: building a huge international fanbase while rapping exclusively in Chinese. His global impact is significant and measurable. On Spotify, he has attracted over 4.6 million monthly listeners, establishing himself as the platform’s most-streamed Chinese artist (surpassing Jay Chou). Even more impressively, his YouTube Music audience reaches 350 million monthly users, outperforming Western hip-hop giants like Eminem (300m), Kanye West (150m) and Drake (110m). His success comes from three distinctive factors that set him apart in the crowded music landscape. Primarily, his music carries immediate recognition by blending hip-hop beats with traditional Chinese instruments like the guzheng and erhu, which creates a fresh sonic (声音的) experience. What’s more, unlike western rap, his lyrics are often sincere rather than dirty, skillfully linking modern life and traditional Eastern wisdom. For instance, “God reminds me not to lose my kindness in this life,” Lan lao says in his song Karma Code. And by contrast with arrogant American rappers, on Blueprint Supreme he warns that “People obsessed with wealth have no sense of righteousness.” Most significantly, he insists on using his native language, which challenges the common belief that music must be in English to succeed internationally. Lan Lao’s success represents an important development in cultural exchange. He has effectively demonstrated that Chinese cultural elements, when presented through innovative musical frameworks, can achieve genuine global resonance (共鸣). Though Chinese rap has a way to go before it competes with k-pop and other regional cultural exports, it may be that Lan Lao will encourage curiosity about Chinese rap, as Bad Bunny, a Puerto Rican rapper, did with Spanish-language songs. For his part, Lan Lao seems confident he is up to task. On Green in Drought he describes himself as the man enlivening his country’s hip-hop scene: “SKAI ISYOURGOD brings green belts to plant in the cultural desert.” 1.Why does the author mention Western hip-hop giants in Paragraph 2? A. To compare musical styles. B. To suggest future cooperation. C. To highlight his great popularity. D. To show hip-hop’s diverse appeal. 2.Which one is NOT the reason for Lan Lao’s success? A. Sticking to his mother tongue. B. Using traditional Chinese music. C. Building a strong online presence. D. Singing positive and meaningful lyrics. 3.What does the last sentence imply? A. He regards himself as a rap god. B. He wishes deserts to be green. C. He is an actual enthusiast about gardening. D. He is a pioneer spreading Chinese hip-hop. 4.Which is the most suitable title for the passage? A. Chinese Artist Winning Hearts Worldwide B. Traditional Sounds Finding New Listeners C. Digital Platforms Building a Music Career D. Rap Music Evolving Fast in New Markets 【答案】1. C　2. C　3. D　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道。主要介绍中国说唱歌手揽佬（艺名SKAI ISYOURGOD）以中文说唱斩获国际超高人气及其成功因素与文化意义。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“On Spotify, he has attracted over 4.6 million monthly listeners, establishing himself as the platform’s most-streamed Chinese artist (surpassing Jay Chou). Even more impressively, his YouTube Music audience reaches 350 million monthly users, outperforming Western hip-hop giants like Eminem (300m), Kanye West (150m) and Drake (110m).(在Spotify平台上，他每月吸引超过460万听众，成为该平台流媒体播放量最高的中国艺人（超过周杰伦）。更令人瞩目的是，他在YouTube Music的月听众量达3.5亿，超过了埃米纳姆（3亿）、坎耶·维斯特（1.5亿）和德雷克（1.1亿）等西方嘻哈巨头。)”可知，作者先介绍揽佬在国际平台的听众数据，再通过与西方嘻哈巨头的对比，突出其在全球范围内的超高人气。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“His success comes from three distinctive factors that set him apart in the crowded music landscape. Primarily, his music carries immediate recognition by blending hip-hop beats with traditional Chinese instruments like the guzheng and erhu(他的成功源于三个独特因素，使其在拥挤的音乐领域脱颖而出。首先，他的音乐将嘻哈节奏与古筝、二胡等中国传统乐器融合，极具辨识度)”可知B项是成功原因；“What’s more, unlike western rap, his lyrics are often sincere rather than dirty, skillfully linking modern life and traditional Eastern wisdom(此外，与西方说唱不同，他的歌词往往真挚而非低俗，巧妙结合现代生活与东方传统智慧)”可知D项是成功原因；“Most significantly, he insists on using his native language(最重要的是，他坚持使用母语)”可知A项是成功原因。C项“建立强大的线上存在感”在原文中未提及，并非其成功因素。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Though Chinese rap has a way to go before it competes with k-pop and other regional cultural exports, it may be that Lan Lao will encourage curiosity about Chinese rap, as Bad Bunny, a Puerto Rican rapper, did with Spanish-language songs. For his part, Lan Lao seems confident he is up to task. On Green in Drought he describes himself as the man enlivening his country’s hip-hop scene: “SKAI ISYOURGOD brings green belts to plant in the cultural desert.”(尽管中国说唱要与韩流及其他地区性文化输出产品竞争仍有很长的路要走，但揽佬或许会像波多黎各说唱歌手巴德・邦尼推广西班牙语歌曲那样，激发人们对中国说唱的兴趣。就揽佬而言，他似乎有信心胜任这一使命。在歌曲Green in Drought中，他将自己描述为盘活本国嘻哈场景的人：SKAI ISYOURGOD 为文化沙漠带来可供栽种的绿化带。)”可知，此处“文化沙漠”喻指中国说唱在国际文化领域的空白或弱势地位，“绿化带”象征中国说唱的传播与发展，故该句暗示揽佬是推广中国说唱的先驱者。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，第一段点明核心：27岁中国说唱歌手揽佬以中文说唱斩获庞大国际粉丝群；第二段通过具体数据展示其国际人气；第三段分析成功因素；第四、五段阐述其文化意义。全文围绕“中国艺人兰揽佬风靡全球”展开，所以短文的最佳标题为“中国艺术家赢得世界瞩目”。故选A项。 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高二上·重庆渝北中学·期中）Not setting homework can be impossible in certain situations. There are many arguments in favour of homework and most teachers would agree with many if not all of the following: homework is a perfect opportunity to go over calmly what was done with the teacher and rethink and develop that initial input; homework offers a moment for students to work as individuals and develop learner self-governance outside the classroom; students and parents expect homework to be set and to be corrected. Nevertheless, the drawbacks that homework may have are often overlooked. Examining the very term “homework” reveals two fundamental issues. Firstly, the concept of “home” is problematic. Assignments are often completed anywhere but at home: on buses, at friends’ houses, or on school steps. More critically, all too often for it to be done effectively at home, homework requires the participation and involvement of other adults. When parents are unavailable, a child’s ability to complete work is limited. This creates an unsettling inequality: if homework is crucial for success, some students are at an automatic disadvantage. Secondly, the nature of the “work” is frequently misunderstood. If the idea of home can be problematic, so too can the concept of work. Again, this will depend enormously on the context, but very often there is a lot of work put in. Pressured by other demands, students often treat homework as a task to be rushed through, not as meaningful practice. The primary goal becomes to keep the teacher at bay—to avoid criticism by presenting a completed assignment, regardless of the learning involved. This leads to a silent agreement where mere completion is often sufficient. The teacher sees a finished task, and the student meets the formal requirement, yet the actual educational value is frequently lost. The ideal that students go home, think back to what they did with their teacher, use the great resources their books and the internet provide to revise and reflect, and put everything they have seen in class in place into action into practice does not often happen with some students. Instead, for many, this reflective process is replaced by a race to simply cross another item off the list, revealing a deep gap between the theory and reality of homework. 1.Which of the following is not the advantage of homework according to paragraph 1? A. Establishing a closer teacher-student relationship. B. Meeting the requirements of students and parents. C. Reinforcing knowledge and skills learned in class. D. Developing students’ ability to independent learning. 2.What does the phrase “keep the teacher at bay” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Seek assistance from the teacher. B. Keep a distance from the teacher. C. Impress the teacher with hard work. D. Display assignments for the teacher. 3.What can be inferred from the passage? A. Teachers seldom place emphasis on the quality of homework. B. Homework often fails to serve its intended purposes. C. Parents rarely step away from their children’s homework. D. Students always complete homework in other places than home. 4.What’s the author’s attitude towards the common practice of homework? A. Favourable. B. Objective. C. Critical. D. Indifferent. 【答案】1. A　2. B　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文，主要探讨了家庭作业的利弊，重点分析了其潜在的问题和理想与现实之间的差距。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“homework is a perfect opportunity to go over calmly what was done with the teacher and rethink and develop that initial input; homework offers a moment for students to work as individuals and develop learner self-governance outside the classroom; students and parents expect homework to be set and to be corrected.(家庭作业是绝佳契机，学生可借此与老师心平气和地回顾所学内容，重新思考并深化最初的理解；家庭作业为学生提供了在课堂之外以个体身份开展学习、培养自主学习管理能力的时机；学生和家长都期望老师布置作业并予以批改。)”可知，安排家庭作业可以巩固在课堂上学到的知识和技能，培养自主学习的能力，满足学生和家长的要求，但“Establishing a closer teacher-student relationship(建立更紧密的师生关系)”不是家庭作业的优点之一。故选A。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据下文“to avoid criticism by presenting a completed assignment, regardless of the learning involved. This leads to a silent agreement where mere completion is often sufficient. The teacher sees a finished task, and the student meets the formal requirement, yet the actual educational value is frequently lost.(去避免遭受批评，学生只要交上一份完成的作业即可，全然不顾其中涉及的学习过程。这导致了一种心照不宣的默契——仅仅完成作业往往就足够了。老师看到的是一项已完成的作业，学生也满足了形式上的要求，然而实际的教育价值却常常被忽视殆尽。)”可知，学生们视作业为任务，以各种方式完成了作业，而这种应付老师的作业使老师无法判断学生的真实水平。keep the teacher at bay意为“不让老师接近”，此处指：学生作业的方式使得老师们无法从学生作业中得到更多信息，即“Keep a distance from the teacher(与老师保持距离)”，故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“The ideal that students go home, think back to what they did with their teacher, use the great resources their books and the internet provide to revise and reflect, and put everything they have seen in class in place into action into practice does not often happen with some students.(理想中的场景是：学生放学回家后，回顾与老师共同学习的内容，利用书籍和网络提供的丰富资源进行复习与反思，并将课堂所学付诸实践。然而，对部分学生而言，这一理想状态往往难以实现。)”可知，家庭作业的理想化状态不是人人都有，有的学生不能落实到位，即家庭作业常常达不到预期的目的。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“The teacher sees a finished task, and the student meets the formal requirement, yet the actual educational value is frequently lost.(老师看到一个完成的任务，学生达到了正式的要求，但实际的教育价值往往失去了。)”和最后一段“Instead, for many, this reflective process is replaced by a race to simply cross another item off the list, revealing a deep gap between the theory and reality of homework.(相反，对许多人来说，这种反思过程被一种简单地从清单上划掉另一项的竞赛所取代，这揭示了家庭作业理论与现实之间的深刻差距。)”可知，作者对家庭作业的普遍做法持批判态度，故选C。 主题语境04 人与自然-灾害防范 （25-26高二上·重庆凤鸣山中学·期中）After a month of fires that gave off record-breaking amounts of polluting gas, smoke from Siberian wildfires is now making its way to the west coast of the United States. The New York Times’ Somini Sengupta reports that Arctic wildfires in June 2020 caused more pollution than the data (数据) that had been collected in the previous 18 years. Seasonal wildfires are common in Siberia, but this year’s fires are unusually widespread in part because of a climate change-driven heatwave. The Arctic is experiencing climate change-driven warming faster than the rest of the earth, which sets up the dry conditions that make fires spread. “I was surprised to see a fire burning 10 kilometers south of a bay of the Laptev Sea, which is like, the sea ice factory of the world,” said fire researcher Jessica McCarty from Miami University in Ohio. “When I went into fire science as an undergraduate student, if someone had told me I’d be studying fire regimes (管理体制) in Greenland and the Arctic, I would have laughed at them.” This June’s Arctic fires beat the pollution record set in 2019, said Mark Parrington, who works with the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service tracking worldwide wildfires. Some of the fires may have spent the winter months smoldering (闷燃) only to grow again in warmer weather. And the weather has certainly gotten warmer. In June, a Russian town above the Arctic circle called Verkhoyansk hit a high temperature of 100,4 degrees Fahrenheit. The current situation in the Arctic circle shows that previous predictions (预测) “underestimate what is going on in reality,” earth scientist Vladmir Romanovsky said. He added that temperature observation in the High Arctic made in the last 15 years weren’t expected for another seventy years. Millions of acres of land are on fire this wildfire season. Most of the wildfires are located in Siberia’s Sakha Republic, which sees wildfires frequently, but fires are also spreading further north and into unusual ecosystems, like those that are characterized by permafrost (永冻土). 1.What made 2020 Arctic wildfires extremely widespread? A. The warmer climate. B. Stronger seasonal winds. C. More fires caused by humans. D. Humans’ poorer control of them. 2.What did Jessica McCarty want to say in paragraph 3? A. She used to laugh at those who studied the Arctic. B. She had decided to be a firefighter in Greenland. C. She used to think fires rarely happened in the Arctic. D. She had shown little interest in studying fire science. 3.What can we learn from paragraph 4? A. The Arctic fires may go out in winter. B. 2020 Arctic fires may be related to those in 2019. C. The pollution record in the Arctic is broken each year. D. 2020 Arctic fires affected temperatures across Russia. 4.What can the underlined word “underestimate” in paragraph 5 be best replaced by? A. Refer to. B. Focus on. C. Judge incorrectly D. Ignore completely. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇新闻报道，主要介绍的是今年西伯利亚野火的情况。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“Seasonal wildfires are common in Siberia, but this year’s fires are unusually widespread in part because of a climate change-driven heatwave.(季节性野火在西伯利亚很常见，但今年的火灾异常广泛，部分原因是气候变化导致的热浪。)”可知，气候变暖导致2020年北极野火极其普遍。故选A。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段“I was surprised to see a fire burning 10 kilometers south of a bay of the Laptev Sea, which is like, the sea ice factory of the world.(我很惊讶地看到大火在Laptev Sea海湾以南10公里处燃烧，Laptev Sea海湾就像世界的海冰工厂。)”和“When I went into fire science as an undergraduate student, if someone had told me I’d be studying fire regimes (管理体制) in Greenland and the Arctic, I would have laughed at them.(当我作为一名本科生进入火灾科学专业时，如果有人告诉我，我将研究格陵兰岛和北极的火灾制度，我会嘲笑他们。)”可知，Jessica McCarty在第三段想说她过去认为北极很少发生火灾。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“Some of the fires may have spent the winter months smoldering (闷燃) only to grow again in warmer weather.(一些大火可能在冬天闷烧了几个月，但在温暖的天气里又重新燃起。)”可知，我们可以从第4段中了解到2020年的北极火灾可能与2019年的火灾有关。故选B。 (4)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“He added that temperature observation in the High Arctic made in the last 15 years weren’t expected for another seventy years.(他补充说，过去15年在北极高纬度地区进行的温度观测预计不会再持续70年。)”可知，划线词所在句子“The current situation in the Arctic circle shows that previous predictions (预测) “underestimate what is going on in reality(以前的预测“underestimate现实中正在发生的事情”)”，可推知划线词underestimate的意思是“低估”，和judge incorrectly(错误地判断)意思相近，故选C。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·重庆第八中学校·期中）One of my bad habits is saying “busy” when people ask me how I’m doing. Sometimes it’s because I actually am busy, but other times it’s because that’s what I think I’m supposed to say. That’s what important people say. That’s what people who get promoted say. But working long hours doesn’t drive better results. Never taking a vacation won’t lead to a promotion. So why are we so proud to talk about how busy we are all the time? In 2016, researchers from Columbia, Harvard, and Georgetown conducted a study to figure it out. They found busy people are perceived to be of high status, and interestingly, these status attributions are heavily influenced by our own beliefs about social mobility. In other words, the more we believe that one has the opportunity for success based on hard work, the more we tend to think that people who skip leisure and work all the time are of higher standing. That’s why we feel like we have to appear busy, and there’s a real perception that if someone is knee-deep in meetings, emails, and stress, then they’re probably a big deal. This culture of busyness is making it hard for employees to find work-life balance. According to a recent study, one in five highly engaged employees is at risk of burnout. Personally, I’m going to stop saying “busy” when people ask me how I am. It sounds self-righteous (自以为是的) and sets the wrong tone. Phrases like “I have limited access to email” and “I’ll respond as soon as I get back” sound like you’re being held against your will from working as opposed to making the most of your time off. By rejecting the myth that business equals worth, we free ourselves and others from exhaustion. True success isn’t about working harder; it’s about working smarter and finding balance. Let’s redefine what it means to be productive — and start valuing rest as much as effort. 1.How does the author introduce the topic in the first paragraph? A. By quoting famous people. B. By presenting statistical data. C. By comparing different opinions. D. By introducing personal experience. 2.Why do we tend to think that busy people are of high status? A. Our status can be attributed to our social mobility. B. We hold the belief that hard work leads to success. C. Our own opportunity for success never comes easily. D. We find few people of high status have time for leisure. 3.What does the underlined phrase “knee-deep in” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Bored with. B. Worried about. C. Fully involved in. D. Very interested in. 4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To advise employees on how to achieve work-life balance. B. To share his personal experience of overcoming a bad habit. C. To introduce a study on people’s attitude towards busyness. D. To argue against the culture of equating busyness with worth. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇议论文。文章作者结合个人经历探讨了“忙碌等于价值”这一文化现象，指出其导致工作与生活失衡、员工面临倦怠风险，呼吁重新定义生产力，重视休息与平衡。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段“One of my bad habits is saying “busy” when people ask me how I’m doing. Sometimes it’s because I actually am busy, but other times it’s because that’s what I think I’m supposed to say. That’s what important people say.(我的一个坏习惯是当别人问我过得怎么样时，我总是说“忙”。有时是因为我真的很忙，但其他时候是因为我觉得我应该这么说。)”可知，作者在第一段中通过介绍个人经历来引入话题。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“They found busy people are perceived to be of high status, and interestingly, these status attributions are heavily influenced by our own beliefs about social mobility. In other words, the more we believe that one has the opportunity for success based on hard work, the more we tend to think that people who skip leisure and work all the time are of higher standing.(他们发现忙碌的人被认为地位很高，有趣的是，这些地位归因在很大程度上受到我们自己对社会流动性的看法的影响。换句话说，我们越相信一个人有机会通过努力工作取得成功，我们就越倾向于认为那些放弃休闲、一直工作的人地位更高。)”可知，我们倾向于认为忙碌的人地位很高是因为我们相信努力工作会带来成功。故选B。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据上文“That’s why we feel like we have to appear busy(这就是为什么我们总觉得自己必须表现得很忙)”和下文“This culture of busyness is making it hard for employees to find work-life balance.(这种“忙碌文化”让员工很难找到工作与生活的平衡点。)”可知，人们确实普遍认为，要是有人深陷会议、邮件和压力之中，那他很可能是个重要人物。由此可知，knee-deep in意思是“深陷于”，选项C“Fully involved in”意思是“完全参与其中”，符合语境。故选C。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“By rejecting the myth that business equals worth, we free ourselves and others from exhaustion. True success isn’t about working harder; it’s about working smarter and finding balance. Let’s redefine what it means to be productive — and start valuing rest as much as effort.(通过拒绝“忙碌等于价值”这一谬论，我们使自己和他人从疲惫中解脱出来。真正的成功不在于更努力地工作，而在于更聪明地工作并找到平衡。让我们重新定义什么是高效——并开始像重视努力一样重视休息。)”可知，作者写这篇文章的目的是反对将忙碌等同于价值的文化。故选D。 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高二上·重庆凤鸣山中学·期中）“The apple doesn’t fall far from the tree.” When it comes to device addiction, this may very well be the case. If you believe that how you engage with your smartphone has no impact on your children, think again. One study looked at 200 families and noted that the children of parents with phone addictions were much more likely to have behavior issues. In short, this obsession led to “technoference” or interruption of everyday interactions between parents and kids. In some cases, this interruption happened in face-to-face conversations, and in other cases, the devices disrupted playtime or meals. When this type of “technoference” occurred, parents rated their children as displaying more behavior problems, including whining, losing temper, sulking (生闷气), and becoming frustrated. In addition, according to children development experts, there are bilateral (双边的) signaling systems that occur between adults and children, aiding the construction of the basic architecture of the brain. For example, infants and toddlers are highly engaged with the vocal cues of their parents that tend to happen with simplified grammar, a high-pitched tone, and exaggerated enthusiasm. This mode of relational conversation is incredibly important to a child’s development. With the arrival of smartphones, many parents are distracted and stuck in what experts are calling “continuous partial attention” mode. This leads to significant and recurring disruptions to the parent-child conversation flow, which can impair not only a child’s language learning ability but also their school achievements overall. While your habit may seem harmless, your kids may actually be imitating your behavior and forming a dependence of their own. One study reported that some teenagers may spend up to 12 hours — half of an entire day — online and mindlessly swiping through social media apps without engaging in any one piece of content beyond a few seconds. As a parent, the best thing you can do is lead by example. Try to limit time spent with technology, especially when it diverts (牵制) your attention from other priorities. Shut down smartphones at dinner. Set aside phone-free time each day to engage with your children without the distraction that technology brings. While you may not be able to completely cut ties with new modes of communication, you can be sure that your children get the one-on-one time they need to develop into healthy, happy adults. 1.Which is TRUE according to the studies in the passage? A. Parents rate their children’s behavior at parent-children time interruptions. B. Children’s poor school achievements are due to their addiction to social media. C. The more engagement of parents, the better development of speech in children. D. Children imitate parents’ behavior but form their own harmless habits. 2.What’s the purpose of Paragraph 3? A. To further scientifically explain a child’s behavioral problem. B. To give an argument for the problem of a child’s language learning ability. C. To support the argument for a child’s addiction to devices. D. To present background information for the topic of the passage. 3.In what tone does the writer speak to parents in the last paragraph? A. Disrespectful. B. Apologetic. C. Negative. D. Friendly. 4.Why does the writer start the passage with the quote “The apple doesn’t fall far from the tree.”? A. To stress children will follow parents’ example. B. To provide evidence of device addiction. C. To show the close bond between parent and children. D. To highlight the final solution to device addiction. 【答案】1. C　2. C　3. D　4. A 【解析】 这是一篇议论文。文章揭示了父母使用智能手机的方式对孩子有很大影响，手机成瘾的父母的孩子更有可能出现行为问题，并提出了解决方案。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“This mode of relational conversation is incredibly important to a child’s development.(这种关系对话模式对孩子的成长非常重要)”以及联系上文内容的科学根据、举例可知，家长的参与越多，孩子的语言能力发展越好。故选C项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段内容“In addition, according to children development experts, there are bilateral signaling systems that occur between adults and children, aiding the construction of the basic architecture of the brain. For example, infants and toddlers are highly engaged with the vocal cues of their parents that tend to happen with simplified grammar, a high-pitched tone, and exaggerated enthusiasm.(此外，根据儿童发展专家的说法，在成人和儿童之间存在着双边信号系统，帮助构建大脑的基本结构。例如，婴幼儿高度关注父母的声音提示，这往往发生在简化的语法，高音，和夸张的热情)”可知，第三段的作用是为下一段进一步证明父母设备上瘾对孩子语言能力发展影响的一个论据。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“As a parent, the best thing you can do is lead by example.(作为父母，你能做的最好的事情就是以身作则)”以及本段内容可知，最后一段作者对设备上瘾的家长语重心长，真诚友好地规劝，希望它们为孩子创造不受设备干扰的环境，确保孩子的健康成长，说话语气友好。故选D项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段最后一句“If you believe that how you engage with your smartphone has no impact on your children, think again.(如果你认为你使用智能手机的方式不会对你的孩子产生影响，那么再想想吧)”可知，作者用这个引语引入话题，是为了突出文章话题：父母手机成瘾对孩子的负面影响，孩子反过来会效仿父母。由此可知，其目的是为了强调孩子会以父母为榜样。故选A项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（议论文+新闻报道） 主题语境01 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高二上·重庆南开中学校·期中）CHINADAILY Huawei releases chip software ecosystem Chinese tech giant Huawei has announced the full open-source release of its Ascend chip software ecosystem, aiming to empower users to explore its deep potential and to undertake customized development independently. Known as CANN (Compute Architecture for Neural Networks), the software serves as a bridge between high-level AI training frameworks and Ascend chips, allowing users to access computing power without dealing with complicated chip-level problems. Progress made in lifting connections Construction of the Xuzhou-Mingguang Expressway is making progress, as China Railway Construction Corp’s 24th bureau recently announced that it has completed installing box girders on a key overpass along the expressway. The builder said the overpass, located in Xuzhou, Jiangsu province, aims to function as a key channel boosting regional economic connectivity and facilitating road links between Jiangsu and Anhui provinces. Shipping route boosts China-Peru trade In the year 2025, cargo volume on the Chancay-Shanghai shipping route reached 78,000 metric tons, worth 1.72 billion yuan ($240.76 million), according to Shanghai Customs. After this route was set up, the total value of imports and exports between Shanghai and Peru increased by 34.9 percent compared with last year. Since the launch of the route in December 2024, the shipping time between Peru and China has been reduced to around 23 days, significantly cutting shipping costs by over 20 percent. As a result, more and more fresh fruits such as mangoes and blueberries are being directly transported from Peru to China via this route. 1.What is the main purpose of Huawei’s release of CANN? A. To compete with other chip producers. B. To replace the existing AI training frameworks. C. To support users in discovering its advanced abilities. D. To improve the hardware performance of Ascend chips. 2.What benefit has the Chancay-Shanghai shipping route brought? A. The rising shipping costs. B. The doubled cargo volume. C. The increased shipping time. D. The more efficient transportation. 3.In which part of the newspaper can you possibly find this passage? A. Entertainment. B. Economics. C. Education. D. Sports. 主题语境02 人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 （25-26高二上·重庆渝东九校·期中）On the morning of the spring college entrance exam, a medical student Jiang faced a critical situation. While in a taxi with a classmate to the exam site, the young man suddenly collapsed. Jiang immediately recognized the seriousness of the situation. Instead of panicking, he relied on the first aid skills he had learned in school. He laid his classmate flat on the backseat and began performing CPR (心肺复苏). At the same time, he instructed the driver, Wang, to head directly to the nearest hospital. The driver, Wang, responded without hesitation. He informed the local traffic police about the emergency and proceeded to drive through six red lights to reach the hospital in just seven minutes — a journey that normally takes twice as long. Upon arrival, Jiang ensured his classmate was handed over to the emergency medical team before he even thought about informing his school or his own exam. By then, it was too late for him to take the 9 a.m. test. Doctors later confirmed that the CPR performed in the car during the crucial first few minutes was vital. It prevented brain damage and laid the foundation for the successful hospital treatment that followed. When the story spread online, the public praised his selflessness and quick thinking. The parents of the rescued student expressed their deep gratitude, stating that without Jiang and the driver’s help, their child would not have survived. Jiang’s selfless act won public praise. “Exams can be retaken, but a life cannot,” he said. Later, he was officially complimented and offered a make-up exam. His story has been recommended for the 2025 “China Good Person List.” 1.What did Jiang do first after his classmate collapsed? A. Call the police. B. Inform the school. C. Perform CPR. D. Tell the driver to go to the hospital. 2.Why does the author say the trip took “in just seven minutes”? A. To show the driver knew the route well. B. To stress the urgency and fast response. C. To complain about traffic jams. D. To explain why Jiang was late. 3.How did the public view Jiang’s behavior? A. They praised his selflessness. B. They felt sorry for his exam. C. They protested the school training. D. They discussed first aid education. 4.Where is the passage taken from? A. A diary. B. A medical journal. C. A novel. D. A report. 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·重庆西南大学附中·期中）A recent survey found children would rather be online influencers (网红) than astronauts. It made headlines and led to plenty of complaints about “kids these days”. Is influencing a promising career path? The lifestyles we see advertised on social media are enticing, but under the shining appearance lie uncertain income, pay inequality, disability and mental health issues. Successful influencers will be the first to claim that anyone can make it in the industry. However, social media economy experts uncovered a huge income gap between successful influencers and everyone else. For most people trying to become an influencer, their passion projects of content creation often become free work for brands. Most influencers are self-employed, often experiencing inconsistent income and a lack of protection that comes with long-term employment. The risks of self-employment are increased in the influencer industry by absence of industry standards and little pay transparency (透明度) . Influencers are often forced to assess their own value and determine fees for their work. As a result, content creators often undervalue their own creative labour, and many end up working for free. Influencers are also often at the mercy of algorithms — the behind-the-scenes computer programs that determine which posts are shown, in which order, to users. Platforms share little detail about their algorithms, yet they finally determine who and what gains visibility and influence on social media. The threat of invisibility is a constant source of insecurity for influencers, who are under constant pressure to feed platforms with content. If they don’t, they may be “punished” by the algorithm — having posts hidden or displayed lower down on search results. Constant online presence leads to one of the most common issues in the influencer industry: mental health concerns. Influencers can connect to their platform workspaces and audience at any time of day or night, which can lead to them overworking. Coupled with the fear of online criticism, it contributes to mental and physical health issues. Although becoming an influencer may look attractive to more and more people, the industry’s dark underside needs to be made visible and improved through enhanced employment regulation and industry-led cultural change. 1.Which of the following words can replace “enticing” in paragraph 1? A. Imaginative B. Similar. C. appealing. D. Fashionable. 2.What’s one of the reasons for influencers’ undervaluing their creative work? A. Invisibility of payment. B. Instability of income. C. Pressure of assessment. D. Risks of self-employment. 3.What may cause the influencers’ stress according to paragraph 4? A. Having to work out the order of posts to be displayed. B. Being punished by platform staff for personal reasons. C. Being threatened to create new content without being paid. D. Having little control and knowledge of the platform algorithms. 4.Why does the author write this text? A. To stress the importance of visibility in the online world. B. To reveal relationships between platforms and influencers. C. To explain the reasons behind children’s career preferences. D. To show the dark side of working as an online content creator. 主题语境02 人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 （25-26高二上·重庆实验外国语学校·期中）Recently the 27-year-old Chinese rapper, Lan Lao (stage name SKAI ISYOURGOD) has achieved what few Chinese musicians have achieved: building a huge international fanbase while rapping exclusively in Chinese. His global impact is significant and measurable. On Spotify, he has attracted over 4.6 million monthly listeners, establishing himself as the platform’s most-streamed Chinese artist (surpassing Jay Chou). Even more impressively, his YouTube Music audience reaches 350 million monthly users, outperforming Western hip-hop giants like Eminem (300m), Kanye West (150m) and Drake (110m). His success comes from three distinctive factors that set him apart in the crowded music landscape. Primarily, his music carries immediate recognition by blending hip-hop beats with traditional Chinese instruments like the guzheng and erhu, which creates a fresh sonic (声音的) experience. What’s more, unlike western rap, his lyrics are often sincere rather than dirty, skillfully linking modern life and traditional Eastern wisdom. For instance, “God reminds me not to lose my kindness in this life,” Lan lao says in his song Karma Code. And by contrast with arrogant American rappers, on Blueprint Supreme he warns that “People obsessed with wealth have no sense of righteousness.” Most significantly, he insists on using his native language, which challenges the common belief that music must be in English to succeed internationally. Lan Lao’s success represents an important development in cultural exchange. He has effectively demonstrated that Chinese cultural elements, when presented through innovative musical frameworks, can achieve genuine global resonance (共鸣). Though Chinese rap has a way to go before it competes with k-pop and other regional cultural exports, it may be that Lan Lao will encourage curiosity about Chinese rap, as Bad Bunny, a Puerto Rican rapper, did with Spanish-language songs. For his part, Lan Lao seems confident he is up to task. On Green in Drought he describes himself as the man enlivening his country’s hip-hop scene: “SKAI ISYOURGOD brings green belts to plant in the cultural desert.” 1.Why does the author mention Western hip-hop giants in Paragraph 2? A. To compare musical styles. B. To suggest future cooperation. C. To highlight his great popularity. D. To show hip-hop’s diverse appeal. 2.Which one is NOT the reason for Lan Lao’s success? A. Sticking to his mother tongue. B. Using traditional Chinese music. C. Building a strong online presence. D. Singing positive and meaningful lyrics. 3.What does the last sentence imply? A. He regards himself as a rap god. B. He wishes deserts to be green. C. He is an actual enthusiast about gardening. D. He is a pioneer spreading Chinese hip-hop. 4.Which is the most suitable title for the passage? A. Chinese Artist Winning Hearts Worldwide B. Traditional Sounds Finding New Listeners C. Digital Platforms Building a Music Career D. Rap Music Evolving Fast in New Markets 主题语境03 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高二上·重庆渝北中学·期中）Not setting homework can be impossible in certain situations. There are many arguments in favour of homework and most teachers would agree with many if not all of the following: homework is a perfect opportunity to go over calmly what was done with the teacher and rethink and develop that initial input; homework offers a moment for students to work as individuals and develop learner self-governance outside the classroom; students and parents expect homework to be set and to be corrected. Nevertheless, the drawbacks that homework may have are often overlooked. Examining the very term “homework” reveals two fundamental issues. Firstly, the concept of “home” is problematic. Assignments are often completed anywhere but at home: on buses, at friends’ houses, or on school steps. More critically, all too often for it to be done effectively at home, homework requires the participation and involvement of other adults. When parents are unavailable, a child’s ability to complete work is limited. This creates an unsettling inequality: if homework is crucial for success, some students are at an automatic disadvantage. Secondly, the nature of the “work” is frequently misunderstood. If the idea of home can be problematic, so too can the concept of work. Again, this will depend enormously on the context, but very often there is a lot of work put in. Pressured by other demands, students often treat homework as a task to be rushed through, not as meaningful practice. The primary goal becomes to keep the teacher at bay—to avoid criticism by presenting a completed assignment, regardless of the learning involved. This leads to a silent agreement where mere completion is often sufficient. The teacher sees a finished task, and the student meets the formal requirement, yet the actual educational value is frequently lost. The ideal that students go home, think back to what they did with their teacher, use the great resources their books and the internet provide to revise and reflect, and put everything they have seen in class in place into action into practice does not often happen with some students. Instead, for many, this reflective process is replaced by a race to simply cross another item off the list, revealing a deep gap between the theory and reality of homework. 1.Which of the following is not the advantage of homework according to paragraph 1? A. Establishing a closer teacher-student relationship. B. Meeting the requirements of students and parents. C. Reinforcing knowledge and skills learned in class. D. Developing students’ ability to independent learning. 2.What does the phrase “keep the teacher at bay” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Seek assistance from the teacher. B. Keep a distance from the teacher. C. Impress the teacher with hard work. D. Display assignments for the teacher. 3.What can be inferred from the passage? A. Teachers seldom place emphasis on the quality of homework. B. Homework often fails to serve its intended purposes. C. Parents rarely step away from their children’s homework. D. Students always complete homework in other places than home. 4.What’s the author’s attitude towards the common practice of homework? A. Favourable. B. Objective. C. Critical. D. Indifferent. 主题语境04 人与自然-灾害防范 （25-26高二上·重庆凤鸣山中学·期中）After a month of fires that gave off record-breaking amounts of polluting gas, smoke from Siberian wildfires is now making its way to the west coast of the United States. The New York Times’ Somini Sengupta reports that Arctic wildfires in June 2020 caused more pollution than the data (数据) that had been collected in the previous 18 years. Seasonal wildfires are common in Siberia, but this year’s fires are unusually widespread in part because of a climate change-driven heatwave. The Arctic is experiencing climate change-driven warming faster than the rest of the earth, which sets up the dry conditions that make fires spread. “I was surprised to see a fire burning 10 kilometers south of a bay of the Laptev Sea, which is like, the sea ice factory of the world,” said fire researcher Jessica McCarty from Miami University in Ohio. “When I went into fire science as an undergraduate student, if someone had told me I’d be studying fire regimes (管理体制) in Greenland and the Arctic, I would have laughed at them.” This June’s Arctic fires beat the pollution record set in 2019, said Mark Parrington, who works with the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service tracking worldwide wildfires. Some of the fires may have spent the winter months smoldering (闷燃) only to grow again in warmer weather. And the weather has certainly gotten warmer. In June, a Russian town above the Arctic circle called Verkhoyansk hit a high temperature of 100,4 degrees Fahrenheit. The current situation in the Arctic circle shows that previous predictions (预测) “underestimate what is going on in reality,” earth scientist Vladmir Romanovsky said. He added that temperature observation in the High Arctic made in the last 15 years weren’t expected for another seventy years. Millions of acres of land are on fire this wildfire season. Most of the wildfires are located in Siberia’s Sakha Republic, which sees wildfires frequently, but fires are also spreading further north and into unusual ecosystems, like those that are characterized by permafrost (永冻土). 1.What made 2020 Arctic wildfires extremely widespread? A. The warmer climate. B. Stronger seasonal winds. C. More fires caused by humans. D. Humans’ poorer control of them. 2.What did Jessica McCarty want to say in paragraph 3? A. She used to laugh at those who studied the Arctic. B. She had decided to be a firefighter in Greenland. C. She used to think fires rarely happened in the Arctic. D. She had shown little interest in studying fire science. 3.What can we learn from paragraph 4? A. The Arctic fires may go out in winter. B. 2020 Arctic fires may be related to those in 2019. C. The pollution record in the Arctic is broken each year. D. 2020 Arctic fires affected temperatures across Russia. 4.What can the underlined word “underestimate” in paragraph 5 be best replaced by? A. Refer to. B. Focus on. C. Judge incorrectly D. Ignore completely. 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·重庆第八中学校·期中）One of my bad habits is saying “busy” when people ask me how I’m doing. Sometimes it’s because I actually am busy, but other times it’s because that’s what I think I’m supposed to say. That’s what important people say. That’s what people who get promoted say. But working long hours doesn’t drive better results. Never taking a vacation won’t lead to a promotion. So why are we so proud to talk about how busy we are all the time? In 2016, researchers from Columbia, Harvard, and Georgetown conducted a study to figure it out. They found busy people are perceived to be of high status, and interestingly, these status attributions are heavily influenced by our own beliefs about social mobility. In other words, the more we believe that one has the opportunity for success based on hard work, the more we tend to think that people who skip leisure and work all the time are of higher standing. That’s why we feel like we have to appear busy, and there’s a real perception that if someone is knee-deep in meetings, emails, and stress, then they’re probably a big deal. This culture of busyness is making it hard for employees to find work-life balance. According to a recent study, one in five highly engaged employees is at risk of burnout. Personally, I’m going to stop saying “busy” when people ask me how I am. It sounds self-righteous (自以为是的) and sets the wrong tone. Phrases like “I have limited access to email” and “I’ll respond as soon as I get back” sound like you’re being held against your will from working as opposed to making the most of your time off. By rejecting the myth that business equals worth, we free ourselves and others from exhaustion. True success isn’t about working harder; it’s about working smarter and finding balance. Let’s redefine what it means to be productive — and start valuing rest as much as effort. 1.How does the author introduce the topic in the first paragraph? A. By quoting famous people. B. By presenting statistical data. C. By comparing different opinions. D. By introducing personal experience. 2.Why do we tend to think that busy people are of high status? A. Our status can be attributed to our social mobility. B. We hold the belief that hard work leads to success. C. Our own opportunity for success never comes easily. D. We find few people of high status have time for leisure. 3.What does the underlined phrase “knee-deep in” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A. Bored with. B. Worried about. C. Fully involved in. D. Very interested in. 4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To advise employees on how to achieve work-life balance. B. To share his personal experience of overcoming a bad habit. C. To introduce a study on people’s attitude towards busyness. D. To argue against the culture of equating busyness with worth. 主题语境02 人与社会-科学与技术 （25-26高二上·重庆凤鸣山中学·期中）“The apple doesn’t fall far from the tree.” When it comes to device addiction, this may very well be the case. If you believe that how you engage with your smartphone has no impact on your children, think again. One study looked at 200 families and noted that the children of parents with phone addictions were much more likely to have behavior issues. In short, this obsession led to “technoference” or interruption of everyday interactions between parents and kids. In some cases, this interruption happened in face-to-face conversations, and in other cases, the devices disrupted playtime or meals. When this type of “technoference” occurred, parents rated their children as displaying more behavior problems, including whining, losing temper, sulking (生闷气), and becoming frustrated. In addition, according to children development experts, there are bilateral (双边的) signaling systems that occur between adults and children, aiding the construction of the basic architecture of the brain. For example, infants and toddlers are highly engaged with the vocal cues of their parents that tend to happen with simplified grammar, a high-pitched tone, and exaggerated enthusiasm. This mode of relational conversation is incredibly important to a child’s development. With the arrival of smartphones, many parents are distracted and stuck in what experts are calling “continuous partial attention” mode. This leads to significant and recurring disruptions to the parent-child conversation flow, which can impair not only a child’s language learning ability but also their school achievements overall. While your habit may seem harmless, your kids may actually be imitating your behavior and forming a dependence of their own. One study reported that some teenagers may spend up to 12 hours — half of an entire day — online and mindlessly swiping through social media apps without engaging in any one piece of content beyond a few seconds. As a parent, the best thing you can do is lead by example. Try to limit time spent with technology, especially when it diverts (牵制) your attention from other priorities. Shut down smartphones at dinner. Set aside phone-free time each day to engage with your children without the distraction that technology brings. While you may not be able to completely cut ties with new modes of communication, you can be sure that your children get the one-on-one time they need to develop into healthy, happy adults. 1.Which is TRUE according to the studies in the passage? A. Parents rate their children’s behavior at parent-children time interruptions. B. Children’s poor school achievements are due to their addiction to social media. C. The more engagement of parents, the better development of speech in children. D. Children imitate parents’ behavior but form their own harmless habits. 2.What’s the purpose of Paragraph 3? A. To further scientifically explain a child’s behavioral problem. B. To give an argument for the problem of a child’s language learning ability. C. To support the argument for a child’s addiction to devices. D. To present background information for the topic of the passage. 3.In what tone does the writer speak to parents in the last paragraph? A. Disrespectful. B. Apologetic. C. Negative. D. Friendly. 4.Why does the writer start the passage with the quote “The apple doesn’t fall far from the tree.”? A. To stress children will follow parents’ example. B. To provide evidence of device addiction. C. To show the close bond between parent and children. D. To highlight the final solution to device addiction. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $可学科网 www.zxxk.com 专题04阅读理解（议论文 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 【答案】1.C2.D3.B 主题语境02人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.D 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 【答案】1.C2.A3.D4.D 主题语境02人与社会-文学、艺术与体育 【答案】1.C2.C3.D4.A 主题语境03人与自我-生活与学习 【答案】1.A2.B3.B4.C 主题语境04人与自然-灾害防范 【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.C 拓展培优 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 1/2 让教与学更高效 +新闻报道) 可学科网 www.zxxk com 让教与学更高效 【答案】1.D2.B3.C4.D 主题语境02人与社会-科学与技术 【答案】1.C2.C3.D4.A 2/2