Unit 3 Smart Learning 单元话题阅读理解10篇-2026-2027学年九年级英语上册（人教版）

Unit 3 Smart Learning 单元话题阅读理解练习 单元话题：语言与学习 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 Last term, my English was really poor. I spent hours memorizing words every day, but I still forgot them quickly. When I had English tests, I always got low marks and felt upset. One day, my English teacher talked to me. She told me not to just memorize words by heart. Instead, I should use them in sentences and short passages. She also suggested that I listen to English songs and watch short English videos for 15 minutes every day. I followed her advice. Every morning, I wrote three sentences with the new words I learned. After school, I listened to my favourite English songs and repeated the lyrics. At weekends, I watched funny English cartoons and tried to understand the dialogues. After two months, something amazing happened. I could remember words much better, and I even started to talk about my hobbies in English. In the latest test, I got an A! I realized that smart learning is better than hard learning without a plan. 根据语篇内容选择最佳答案。 1．How was the writer’s English last term? A．Very good. B．Very poor. C．Just so-so. 2．What did the writer do to learn English at first? A．He used words in sentences. B．He listened to English songs. C．He spent hours memorizing words. 3．Who gave the writer advice on learning English? A．The writer’s English teacher. B．The writer’s classmate. C．The writer’s mother. 4．How long did the teacher suggest that the writer listen to English songs and watch short videos every day? A．For 10 minutes. B．For 15 minutes. C．For 20 minutes. 5．What did the writer realize at last? A．Hard learning without a plan is better. B．Smart learning is worse than hard learning without a plan. C．Smart learning is better than hard learning without a plan. A New Kind of Library When West Hill Middle School reopened its library, students found more than shelves (架子) of books. One corner had become a “maker space”, with simple tools, recycled (可回收的) materials (材料) and two computers. Students could still read quietly, but they could also turn ideas from books into real projects. On Tuesdays, the librarian, Mrs Gao, holds a forty-minute workshop. In one workshop, students read about bridges and then built models from paper. They tested how much weight each bridge could hold. In another, they used old boxes to design homes for insects. Mrs Gao does not give them every step. Instead, she asks questions such as, “What might happen if you change this part?” At first, some students came only because the tools looked interesting. Later, many began borrowing books connected with their projects. Seventh-grader Nina says, “I used to stop reading when I met a difficult idea. Now I want to understand it because I may need it for my model.” The maker space is popular, but it has rules. Students must book a place, share materials and clean the area before leaving. The school hopes the space will help students become not only better readers, but also patient problem-solvers. 1．What can students do in the maker space? A．Turn reading ideas into projects. B．Use computers for games. C．Attend workshops every day. 2．What change happened to Nina? A．She began writing books. B．She stopped making models. C．She became more willing to understand difficult ideas. 3．Which of the following is a rule of the maker space? A．Students must bring their own materials. B．Students have to clean up after using it. C．Students may work only in groups. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce how a school library helps maker learning. B．To explain why printed books are disappearing. C．To teach readers how to build a paper bridge. Self-directed learning is becoming more and more popular among middle school students. It means that learners take control of their own learning instead of only following teachers’ instructions passively. For self-directed learners, the first step is to set clear goals. You need to know what you want to achieve in a certain period. For example, if you want to improve your English listening, you can set a goal of listening to 15 minutes of English materials every day. Clear goals keep you moving in the right direction. Second, you need to choose proper learning methods. Different people have different learning habits. Some learn better by reading books, while others learn better by doing practice. You can try different methods and find the one that fits you best. Third, self-directed learners should know how to check their own progress. You can test yourself from time to time to see how much you have improved. If you find you are not making progress, you can change your learning ways in time. Self-directed learning is a lifelong skill. It not only helps you get good grades at school, but also prepares you for the future. The world is changing fast, and the ability to learn by yourself will help you keep up with the changes all your life. 1．What does “self-directed learning” mean according to the passage? A．Learning only with teachers’ instructions. B．Taking control of your own learning. C．Learning from your classmates every day. 2．What is the first step of self-directed learning? A．Setting clear learning goals. B．Choosing proper learning ways. C．Checking your progress often. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．All people learn better by reading books. B．You needn’t check your progress in self-directed learning. C．Proper learning ways are different for different people. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Self-directed learning is a useful lifelong skill. B．The world changes very fast these days. C．It’s hard to develop self-directed learning. Seed Banks: Saving the Future of Plants Seed banks are like emergency vaults for our planet’s plants. They are high-tech facilities designed to store and preserve seeds from thousands of different plant species. As climate change, natural disasters, and human activities threaten natural habitats, plant species are disappearing faster than ever. If a plant goes extinct in the wild, seed banks provide a way for scientists to grow it again, protecting global biodiversity.    But how do scientists keep seeds alive for hundreds of years? The process relies on careful scientific methods. First, seeds are cleaned and dried to a very low moisture level. Removing water is critical because water expands when frozen, which can break and destroy the seed cells. Once dried, the seeds are sealed in airtight packages and kept in deep-freeze rooms at -20°C． This extreme cold slows down the seeds’ biological processes, putting them into a state of deep “sleep”.    To ensure the seeds remain healthy over time, researchers perform viability tests every few years. They take a small sample of seeds out of storage and try to sprout (germinate) them. If the germination rate drops too low, scientists will grow the seeds into mature plants, harvest fresh seeds from them, and put those new, healthy seeds back into cold storage.    By protecting wild plants and ancient crop varieties, seed banks secure the genetic diversity needed to breed crops that can survive future diseases and extreme weather. They serve as a crucial safety net for global food security and medicine. 1．What is the primary purpose of a seed bank? A．To sell plant seeds to farmers for profit. B．To preserve plant species and protect biodiversity. C．To show tourists rare flowers from around the world. D．To test how fast crops grow under the sun. 2．Why must seeds be dried before being frozen? A．To make them lighter and easier to carry. B．Because freezing water inside can break the seed cells. C．To change their colors for a computer file. D．To help them sprout faster inside the vault. 3．At what temperature are seeds stored to slow down their biological processes? A．20°C B．0°C C．-20°C D．-100°C 4．Why do researchers sprout a sample of seeds every few years? A．To eat the sprouts as fresh food. B．To make sure the stored seeds are still alive and healthy. C．To see if the seeds can grow without any soil. D．To check if they can sell them online to tourists. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The scientific process and importance of preserving seeds in banks. B．How climate change has destroyed all wild plants. C．The rules for farmers to grow vegetables in greenhouses. D．Why scientists should build high bridges over wild rivers. Sing the Language You’re Learning How can you remember a song from your childhood to this day? Why do your teachers use songs to teach you English? It seems that there is a scientific reason for this. Researchers are now studying the relationship between music and remembering a foreign language. They find that remembering words in a song is the best way to remember even the most difficult language. “Singing could be a new way of learning a foreign language. The brain likes to remember things when they are used in a catchy and meaningful way”, said Dr. Karen Ludke. The findings may help those who have difficulties learning foreign languages. On her blog, Dr. Ludke writes, “A listen-and-repeat singing method can help foreign language learning, and opens the door for future research in this area.” Many language teachers know the importance of using music and singing. Hua Zhuying, a teacher at a Chinese language school in Washington, D．C． depends heavily on songs in teaching Chinese. She says, “I use music all the time to teach children Chinese. For little kids usually we use the music. Not only does it work, but it is fun for kids.” “Sometimes, I think if I learned English that way, maybe I could speak much better English than now,” Hua Zhuying adds. Our brain likes music, especially for remembering. So, if you still have trouble in learning a language, why not try singing it out? 1．According to the passage, the best way to remember a foreign language is to ______. A．read and write more B．listen to the teacher carefully C．copy the words many times D．remember words in a song 2．The underlined word “catchy” probably means “________”. A．艰涩难懂的 B．悦耳易记的 C．枯燥乏味的 D．震耳欲聋的 3．Dr. Ludke believes that foreign language learning can be helped by ________. A．writing songs with the language B．listening to all kinds of famous music C．using the listen-and-repeat singing method D．reading the lyrics again and again 4．From the passage, we know that Hua Zhuying ________. A．is interested in writing English songs B．teaches children English by using music C．teaches Chinese in an American school D．is a researcher in a language school Here are some tips on listening. We hope it can help you in one way or another. Relax yourself. Before you start to listen to something, you need to relax. Don’t get nervous or excited. This will help you with your listening. Listen carefully to the first sentence. The first sentence tells a lot about the whole passage. For example, if at the very beginning, you hear “Last month, our class did a survey on how middle school students spend their weekends, and we found that…” you know you will hear a piece of news, not a children’s story, or a science report. ▲ When you’re listening, try to do some thinking. For example, you can think of the following questions: What happened, when, where and how? What was the result and what does the speaker want to tell us? This way, you may understand the passage better. Listen for important facts. It’s important for you to remember some important particulars. For example, if the passage is a science report, you should try to remember its findings and how the scientists got their results. This helps in other classes too. In history, listen for names and dates. In math, listen to the teacher’s steps. In stories, listen for what characters do. Good listening helps you learn everything better. Don’t think about one or two words for too long. You may hear some words that you don’t know, skip (跳过) them. Very often, you’ll find out what they mean later when you go on with the listening. But you can remember some words or sentences that you think are important, and you can use them when you’re answering the questions. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What does the writer think we need to do before listening? A．Relax ourselves. B．Think of questions. C．Do some special reading. D．Prepare our school things. 2．What is the purpose of the example in Paragraph 3? A．To introduce children’s stories. B．To teach how to write a report. C．To explain the first sentence’s role. D．To show how to do a weekend survey. 3．Which of the following can be put into ▲ ? A．Relax when listening. B．Think while listening. C．Ask others for help. D．Write down key words. 4．Which of the following can take the place of “particulars” in the text? A．Facts. B．Subjects. C．Grammars. D．Conversations. 5．What does the writer advise us to do in the last paragraph? A．Take notes timely. B．Repeat key parts. C．Guess some words. D．Skip unknown words. When an exam is coming, some students study alone while others study in groups to prepare for it. Everyone is different, because everyone does not learn in the same way. When you study alone, you may lock yourself in your room with classical music, a cup of tea and so on to make you comfortable. Besides, nobody is moving around or talking near you. It can give you a quiet learning environment. So it is easier for you to concentrate on exactly what you need to learn. When you study in a group, it helps you keep the study plan. Besides, you are likely to remember more information. This is because you can put the information in your own words rather than reading from a textbook. It’s very similar to teaching the others in your group. It leads to keeping the information better. After looking at the advantages (优点) of studying alone or in a group, it can be difficult to tell which is better. But Keith Sawyer, a psychology professor, prefers group studying. He thinks it can provide a way for students to make the notes of their own. Professor Sawyer advises something students must do to get better group studying. First, limit (限制) the number of people and a good number is 3 to 5 students. Second, get yourself prepared with notes, questions and topics to look over. Nobody likes wasting time and waiting for you. Finally, pick a place, date and time for when your group will get together to study. 1．What do the underlined words “concentrate on” mean? A．Get ready for. B．Pay attention to. C．Point out. D．Make up. 2．How does studying in groups help you according to the text? ①It helps you keep the study plan. ②It can give you a quiet learning environment. ③It can make you more active. ④It helps you remember more information. A．①② B．③④ C．②③ D．①④ 3．Which of the following study groups has the proper members in Professor Sawyer’s opinion? A．Group 1, 10 members. B．Group 2, 6 members. C．Group 3, 4 members. D．Group 3, 2 members. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．The writer prefers studying in groups. B．It is not easy to study carefully alone. C．You should prepare well before studying in groups each time. D．Keith Sawyer has worked in a school for many years. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Study Alone VS Study in Groups B．Start Studying in Groups Now C．Ways to Get Good Grades D．Importance of Making Study Plans This week we received a question from Linda in Nigeria. Question: Could you please tell me the differences between “please” and “kindly”? Some people use the two words together, “please kindly help”. —Linda, Nigeria Answer: Dear Linda, Thank you kindly for writing to us. “Kindly” can be an adverb (副词), a word that usually describes a verb (动词). If your teacher says, “Kindly hand in your homework.”, she is using “kindly” as an adverb to make a polite request. Another way to use the word as an adverb is: “The animal doctor always treats our pets kindly.” “Kindly” is also an adjective. If someone helped you at the post office, you might say, “A kindly man helped me mail my letter.” There, “kindly” describes “man” which is a noun (名词). You could also use the word “nice” to express the same idea. “Please” can be an exclamation or a verb. It can also be used to make a request politely: “Could you please pass the salt?” “Please give me your homework.” And, Americans almost always use “please” when making a request in the form of a statement as opposed to (相对于) a question: “Give me two tickets, please.” “Please, sir, help us.” “I hope this answer pleases you.”—there, I used it as a verb. “Kindly” visit our website again for more lessons! Your questions What questions do you have about English? Send us an email at learningenglish@163.com. And that’s Ask a Teacher for this week. 1．In which part of a website can we read the passage? A．Education. B．Health. C．Nature. D．Travel. 2．In which of the following sentences is “kindly” used as an adverb? A．She is a kindly person. B．Kindly close the door when you leave. C．The kindly old man often helps me. D．The teacher gave us a kindly smile. 3．Which of the statements about the use of “please” is NOT true? A．It can be used to make a request politely. B．It can be a verb. C．Americans almost always use it when making a request. D．It can’t be used as an exclamation. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Linda is learning Chinese. B．Linda has called the Ask a Teacher program for help. C．Linda has sent an email to the Ask a Teacher program. D．Linda can tell the differences between “kindly” and “please”. ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 Do you have problems remembering English words? Many students say it is the biggest difficulty in learning English. In fact, remembering words is not hard if you use proper methods. Here are four useful ways to help you remember English words easily. First, learn words in sentences or passages. Many students remember words one by one. They recite the spelling and Chinese meanings again and again, but they forget them soon. If you put a new word into a sentence, you will know how to use it. Reading short passages is also a good idea. You can remember words and learn grammar at the same time. Second, review words regularly. Human memory has rules. We will forget new words quickly if we never review them. It is better to review new words on the first day, the third day and the seventh day after learning. Regular review can turn short-term memory into long-term memory. Then you will not forget the words easily. Third, use word formation rules. Many English words have similar parts. For example, some prefixes and suffixes can change the meaning or part of speech of words. If you know the root word “care”, you can easily remember “careful”, “carefully” and “careless”. Mastering word formation can help you remember a group of words at a time. Fourth, use words in daily life. Don’t just remember words in books. Try to use them when you talk or write. You can keep a diary in English, or speak English with your partners. The more you use words, the deeper you will remember them. Practice makes perfect. Keep using these methods, and you will find remembering English words becomes an easy thing. 1．What do many students think is the hardest part of learning English? A．Speaking. B．Listening. C．Remembering words. D．Writing. 2．Why does the writer advise learning words in sentences? A．It saves much time. B．It helps know how to use words. C．It makes sentences beautiful. D．It improves reading speed. 3．How often should we review new words according to the passage? A．Every two days. B．On the 1st, 3rd and 7th day. C．Once a week. D．Every day for a month. 4．What can we know about word formation? A．It can help remember many related words. B．It changes the spelling of root words completely. C．It is the most difficult way to learn words. D．It only works for long English words. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Learn English Well B．Four Ways to Remember English Words C．The Rules of English Memory D．Daily English for Students Your own experience of learning for exams might tell you that periods of uninterrupted (不间断的) concentration can help you to better remember key pieces of information. Indeed, many students will take up deep study just before a test — in the belief that key subject facts and figures (公式) will be memorized ready for exam day. However, this commonly held wisdom has been proven wrong by a finding made in psychological study. Now known as the Zeigarnik effect, it was found that interruption during a task that requires focus can in fact improve a person’s ability to remember it later. The psychologist Bluma Zeigarnik noticed the effect of interruption on memory processing in 1927. In the experiment, she asked each participant to complete a series of separate tasks, such as solving a puzzle or putting together a simple box. During around half of the tasks, participants were quietly stopped by the person in charge of the experiment, while during the remaining tasks, they were allowed time to complete them uninterrupted. Following the experiment, Zeigarnik interviewed each participant, asking them to recall details of each task that they had tried. Zeigarnik’s early findings showed that participants were able to recall details of interrupted tasks around 90% better than those who had been able to complete undisturbed. These results suggest that a desire to complete a task can cause it to stay in a person’s memory until it has been completed, and that the finality of its completion enables the process of forgetting it to take place. One way of employing the Zeigarnik effect when trying to memorize a detailed piece of information, such as a long phone number, or when learning a subject, might be to avoid trying to remember it in its entirety in one sitting. Take a look at the information, familiarize yourself with it, then “interrupt yourself” — look away from where it is written for a few moments and think of something else, before returning a few more times to remember the number. Finally, piece these small parts together and try to recall the number in its entirety. 1．What does the underlined phrase “this commonly held wisdom” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Remembering key subject facts makes sure of success in exams. B．Interruption on memory processing brings unexpected results. C．Uninterrupted concentration contributes to effective revision. D．Learning with full concentration improves long-term memory. 2．How did Zeigarnik measure the effect of interruption on participants’ memory? A．By checking brain scans. B．By judging participants’ memory. C．By asking about task details. D．By watching physical reactions. 3．Which strategy should be used to avoid forgetting when learning a subject? A．Repeated writing and recalling. B．Entire remembering in one sitting. C．Rapid memorization without breaks. D．Breaks in review and repeating in small parts. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The origin of the Zeigarnik Effect. B．The discovery of the Zeigarnik Effect. C．The evaluation of the Zeigarnik Effect. D．The application of the Zeigarnik Effect 5．What can we learn about the Zeigarnik Effect from the text? A．Unfinished tasks stay longer in our memory. B．Finished tasks are much easier to remember. C．Interruption always makes people lose focus. D．People have no wish to finish difficult work. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 Smart Learning 单元话题阅读理解练习 单元话题：语言与学习 本资料共10篇专题训练，从上到下依次按照难度分为基础语篇巩固练和重难语篇提升练 基础语篇巩固练 聚焦基础，巩固自我 重难语篇提升练 专注提升，挑战自我 ◇考点 01 基础语篇巩固练 Last term, my English was really poor. I spent hours memorizing words every day, but I still forgot them quickly. When I had English tests, I always got low marks and felt upset. One day, my English teacher talked to me. She told me not to just memorize words by heart. Instead, I should use them in sentences and short passages. She also suggested that I listen to English songs and watch short English videos for 15 minutes every day. I followed her advice. Every morning, I wrote three sentences with the new words I learned. After school, I listened to my favourite English songs and repeated the lyrics. At weekends, I watched funny English cartoons and tried to understand the dialogues. After two months, something amazing happened. I could remember words much better, and I even started to talk about my hobbies in English. In the latest test, I got an A! I realized that smart learning is better than hard learning without a plan. 根据语篇内容选择最佳答案。 1．How was the writer’s English last term? A．Very good. B．Very poor. C．Just so-so. 2．What did the writer do to learn English at first? A．He used words in sentences. B．He listened to English songs. C．He spent hours memorizing words. 3．Who gave the writer advice on learning English? A．The writer’s English teacher. B．The writer’s classmate. C．The writer’s mother. 4．How long did the teacher suggest that the writer listen to English songs and watch short videos every day? A．For 10 minutes. B．For 15 minutes. C．For 20 minutes. 5．What did the writer realize at last? A．Hard learning without a plan is better. B．Smart learning is worse than hard learning without a plan. C．Smart learning is better than hard learning without a plan. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者上学期英语成绩很差，后来听从英语老师的建议，改变学习方法，通过造句、听歌和看视频等方式努力学习，两个月后成绩显著提高并获得 A 的故事，核心结论是聪明的学习胜过无计划的苦学。 1．根据文章第 1 段“Last term, my English was really poor.”可推知作者上学期的英语状况真的很差。 2．根据文章第 1 段“I spent hours memorizing words every day, but I still forgot them quickly.”可推知作者起初每天花几个小时背单词。 3．根据文章第 2 段“One day, my English teacher talked to me. She told me not to just memorize words by heart.”可推知是英语老师给了作者建议。 4．根据文章第 2 段“She also suggested that I listen to English songs and watch short English videos for 15 minutes every day.”可推知老师建议每天听歌看视频 15 分钟。 5．根据文章第 4 段“I realized that smart learning is better than hard learning without a plan.”可推知作者最终意识到聪明的学习比无计划的苦学更好。 A New Kind of Library When West Hill Middle School reopened its library, students found more than shelves (架子) of books. One corner had become a “maker space”, with simple tools, recycled (可回收的) materials (材料) and two computers. Students could still read quietly, but they could also turn ideas from books into real projects. On Tuesdays, the librarian, Mrs Gao, holds a forty-minute workshop. In one workshop, students read about bridges and then built models from paper. They tested how much weight each bridge could hold. In another, they used old boxes to design homes for insects. Mrs Gao does not give them every step. Instead, she asks questions such as, “What might happen if you change this part?” At first, some students came only because the tools looked interesting. Later, many began borrowing books connected with their projects. Seventh-grader Nina says, “I used to stop reading when I met a difficult idea. Now I want to understand it because I may need it for my model.” The maker space is popular, but it has rules. Students must book a place, share materials and clean the area before leaving. The school hopes the space will help students become not only better readers, but also patient problem-solvers. 1．What can students do in the maker space? A．Turn reading ideas into projects. B．Use computers for games. C．Attend workshops every day. 2．What change happened to Nina? A．She began writing books. B．She stopped making models. C．She became more willing to understand difficult ideas. 3．Which of the following is a rule of the maker space? A．Students must bring their own materials. B．Students have to clean up after using it. C．Students may work only in groups. 4．What is the main purpose of the passage? A．To introduce how a school library helps maker learning. B．To explain why printed books are disappearing. C．To teach readers how to build a paper bridge. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西山中学图书馆新增的创客空间，包括其设施、活动形式、对学生的积极影响以及空间使用规则，展现了新式图书馆如何支持学生的实践学习。 1．第一段明确指出：“Students could still read quietly, but they could also turn ideas from books into real projects”，说明学生可以将阅读得到的想法转化为实际项目。 2．第三段明确指出：Nina says, “I used to stop reading when I met a difficult idea. Now I want to understand it because I may need it for my model”，说明Nina变得更愿意去理解难懂的观点。 3．第四段明确指出：“Students must book a place, share materials and clean the area before leaving”，说明学生使用后必须清理区域。 4．通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了学校图书馆通过设立创客空间帮助学生将阅读与实践结合，成为更好的阅读者和问题解决者。 Self-directed learning is becoming more and more popular among middle school students. It means that learners take control of their own learning instead of only following teachers’ instructions passively. For self-directed learners, the first step is to set clear goals. You need to know what you want to achieve in a certain period. For example, if you want to improve your English listening, you can set a goal of listening to 15 minutes of English materials every day. Clear goals keep you moving in the right direction. Second, you need to choose proper learning methods. Different people have different learning habits. Some learn better by reading books, while others learn better by doing practice. You can try different methods and find the one that fits you best. Third, self-directed learners should know how to check their own progress. You can test yourself from time to time to see how much you have improved. If you find you are not making progress, you can change your learning ways in time. Self-directed learning is a lifelong skill. It not only helps you get good grades at school, but also prepares you for the future. The world is changing fast, and the ability to learn by yourself will help you keep up with the changes all your life. 1．What does “self-directed learning” mean according to the passage? A．Learning only with teachers’ instructions. B．Taking control of your own learning. C．Learning from your classmates every day. 2．What is the first step of self-directed learning? A．Setting clear learning goals. B．Choosing proper learning ways. C．Checking your progress often. 3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A．All people learn better by reading books. B．You needn’t check your progress in self-directed learning. C．Proper learning ways are different for different people. 4．What is the main idea of the last paragraph? A．Self-directed learning is a useful lifelong skill. B．The world changes very fast these days. C．It’s hard to develop self-directed learning. 【答案】1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了自主学习这一学习方式，包括其定义、三个关键步骤以及作为终身技能的重要意义。 1．第一段明确指出：“It means that learners take control of their own learning instead of only following teachers’ instructions passively.”，因此自主学习意味着掌控自己的学习。 2．第二段指出：“For self-directed learners, the first step is to set clear goals.”，因此自主学习的第一步是设定清晰的学习目标。 3．第三段提到：“Different people have different learning habits...You can try different methods and find the one that fits you best.”，因此适合的学习方法因人而异。 4．最后一段指出：“Self-directed learning is a lifelong skill. ”，本段首先说明自主学习是一项有用的终身技能，随后说明了它对当前学习和未来的帮助。因此本段大意为“Self-directed learning is a useful lifelong skill”。 Seed Banks: Saving the Future of Plants Seed banks are like emergency vaults for our planet’s plants. They are high-tech facilities designed to store and preserve seeds from thousands of different plant species. As climate change, natural disasters, and human activities threaten natural habitats, plant species are disappearing faster than ever. If a plant goes extinct in the wild, seed banks provide a way for scientists to grow it again, protecting global biodiversity.    But how do scientists keep seeds alive for hundreds of years? The process relies on careful scientific methods. First, seeds are cleaned and dried to a very low moisture level. Removing water is critical because water expands when frozen, which can break and destroy the seed cells. Once dried, the seeds are sealed in airtight packages and kept in deep-freeze rooms at -20°C． This extreme cold slows down the seeds’ biological processes, putting them into a state of deep “sleep”.    To ensure the seeds remain healthy over time, researchers perform viability tests every few years. They take a small sample of seeds out of storage and try to sprout (germinate) them. If the germination rate drops too low, scientists will grow the seeds into mature plants, harvest fresh seeds from them, and put those new, healthy seeds back into cold storage.    By protecting wild plants and ancient crop varieties, seed banks secure the genetic diversity needed to breed crops that can survive future diseases and extreme weather. They serve as a crucial safety net for global food security and medicine. 1．What is the primary purpose of a seed bank? A．To sell plant seeds to farmers for profit. B．To preserve plant species and protect biodiversity. C．To show tourists rare flowers from around the world. D．To test how fast crops grow under the sun. 2．Why must seeds be dried before being frozen? A．To make them lighter and easier to carry. B．Because freezing water inside can break the seed cells. C．To change their colors for a computer file. D．To help them sprout faster inside the vault. 3．At what temperature are seeds stored to slow down their biological processes? A．20°C B．0°C C．-20°C D．-100°C 4．Why do researchers sprout a sample of seeds every few years? A．To eat the sprouts as fresh food. B．To make sure the stored seeds are still alive and healthy. C．To see if the seeds can grow without any soil. D．To check if they can sell them online to tourists. 5．What is the main idea of this passage? A．The scientific process and importance of preserving seeds in banks. B．How climate change has destroyed all wild plants. C．The rules for farmers to grow vegetables in greenhouses. D．Why scientists should build high bridges over wild rivers. 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了种子库的作用、种子保存的科学方法以及种子库对保护植物多样性和全球粮食安全的重要意义。 1．第一段提到：“They are high-tech facilities designed to store and preserve seeds from thousands of different plant species.” 以及 “protecting global biodiversity”，这说明种子库的主要目的是保存植物物种、保护生物多样性。 2．第二段提到：“Removing water is critical because water expands when frozen, which can break and destroy the seed cells.” 这说明种子在冷冻前必须干燥，是因为内部的水结冰后会膨胀，从而破坏种子细胞。 3．第二段提到：“Once dried, the seeds are sealed in airtight packages and kept in deep-freeze rooms at -20°C.” 这说明种子被储存在-20°C的环境中，以减缓其生物过程。 4．第三段提到：“To ensure the seeds remain healthy over time, researchers perform viability tests every few years. They take a small sample of seeds out of storage and try to sprout them.” 这说明研究人员每隔几年让少量种子发芽，是为了检测储存的种子是否仍然存活和健康。 5．本文第一段介绍种子库的作用，第二、三段说明种子保存的科学过程，第四段强调种子库对粮食安全和遗传多样性的重要意义。因此，文章的主旨是介绍保存种子的科学过程及其重要性。 Sing the Language You’re Learning How can you remember a song from your childhood to this day? Why do your teachers use songs to teach you English? It seems that there is a scientific reason for this. Researchers are now studying the relationship between music and remembering a foreign language. They find that remembering words in a song is the best way to remember even the most difficult language. “Singing could be a new way of learning a foreign language. The brain likes to remember things when they are used in a catchy and meaningful way”, said Dr. Karen Ludke. The findings may help those who have difficulties learning foreign languages. On her blog, Dr. Ludke writes, “A listen-and-repeat singing method can help foreign language learning, and opens the door for future research in this area.” Many language teachers know the importance of using music and singing. Hua Zhuying, a teacher at a Chinese language school in Washington, D．C． depends heavily on songs in teaching Chinese. She says, “I use music all the time to teach children Chinese. For little kids usually we use the music. Not only does it work, but it is fun for kids.” “Sometimes, I think if I learned English that way, maybe I could speak much better English than now,” Hua Zhuying adds. Our brain likes music, especially for remembering. So, if you still have trouble in learning a language, why not try singing it out? 1．According to the passage, the best way to remember a foreign language is to ______. A．read and write more B．listen to the teacher carefully C．copy the words many times D．remember words in a song 2．The underlined word “catchy” probably means “________”. A．艰涩难懂的 B．悦耳易记的 C．枯燥乏味的 D．震耳欲聋的 3．Dr. Ludke believes that foreign language learning can be helped by ________. A．writing songs with the language B．listening to all kinds of famous music C．using the listen-and-repeat singing method D．reading the lyrics again and again 4．From the passage, we know that Hua Zhuying ________. A．is interested in writing English songs B．teaches children English by using music C．teaches Chinese in an American school D．is a researcher in a language school 【答案】1．D 2．B 3．C 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了音乐与记忆外语之间的科学研究，核心对象是唱歌学习法，核心结论是记住歌曲中的单词是记忆外语的有效方式，行文探讨了专家观点及教师实例，建议通过唱歌来学习语言。 1．根据文章第二段第二句“They find that remembering words in a song is the best way to remember even the most difficult language.”可推知记忆外语最好的方式是在歌曲中记单词。 2．根据文章第三段第二句“The brain likes to remember things when they are used in a catchy and meaningful way”可推知大脑喜欢以某种方式记忆事物，结合唱歌学习语境，该词应表示积极含义，指歌曲悦耳易记。 3．根据文章第三段第四句“On her blog, Dr. Ludke writes, ‘A listen-and-repeat singing method can help foreign language learning...’”可推知Dr. Ludke认为听并复述唱歌法有助于学习。 4．根据文章第四段第二句“Hua Zhuying, a teacher at a Chinese language school in Washington, D.C. depends heavily on songs in teaching Chinese.”可推知她在美国华盛顿的中文学校教中文。 Here are some tips on listening. We hope it can help you in one way or another. Relax yourself. Before you start to listen to something, you need to relax. Don’t get nervous or excited. This will help you with your listening. Listen carefully to the first sentence. The first sentence tells a lot about the whole passage. For example, if at the very beginning, you hear “Last month, our class did a survey on how middle school students spend their weekends, and we found that…” you know you will hear a piece of news, not a children’s story, or a science report. ▲ When you’re listening, try to do some thinking. For example, you can think of the following questions: What happened, when, where and how? What was the result and what does the speaker want to tell us? This way, you may understand the passage better. Listen for important facts. It’s important for you to remember some important particulars. For example, if the passage is a science report, you should try to remember its findings and how the scientists got their results. This helps in other classes too. In history, listen for names and dates. In math, listen to the teacher’s steps. In stories, listen for what characters do. Good listening helps you learn everything better. Don’t think about one or two words for too long. You may hear some words that you don’t know, skip (跳过) them. Very often, you’ll find out what they mean later when you go on with the listening. But you can remember some words or sentences that you think are important, and you can use them when you’re answering the questions. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What does the writer think we need to do before listening? A．Relax ourselves. B．Think of questions. C．Do some special reading. D．Prepare our school things. 2．What is the purpose of the example in Paragraph 3? A．To introduce children’s stories. B．To teach how to write a report. C．To explain the first sentence’s role. D．To show how to do a weekend survey. 3．Which of the following can be put into ▲ ? A．Relax when listening. B．Think while listening. C．Ask others for help. D．Write down key words. 4．Which of the following can take the place of “particulars” in the text? A．Facts. B．Subjects. C．Grammars. D．Conversations. 5．What does the writer advise us to do in the last paragraph? A．Take notes timely. B．Repeat key parts. C．Guess some words. D．Skip unknown words. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．A 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几条英语听力的答题技巧，包括放松自己、留意首句、边听边思考、抓取重要事实、不要纠结陌生单词。 1．根据第二段“Before you start to listen to something, you need to relax.”，这句话说明在开始听之前，我们需要放松自己。“Relax ourselves”“放松我们自己”，符合原文内容。 2．第三段中心句是“Listen carefully to the first sentence. The first sentence tells a lot about the whole passage.”，后面举例子是为了解释首句的作用。“explain the first sentence’s role”“解释首句的作用”。 3．空后“When you’re listening, try to do some thinking.”，说明这一段的要点是听的时候思考。“Think while listening”“边听边思考”，作为本段小标题。 4．本段首句“Listen for important facts.”，后文举例要记住重要发现、人名日期等重要事实，可知particulars在这里指代facts（事实，细节）。 5．最后一段“You may hear some words that you don’t know, skip (跳过) them.”，作者建议遇到不认识的单词直接跳过。“Skip unknown words”“跳过不认识的单词”。 When an exam is coming, some students study alone while others study in groups to prepare for it. Everyone is different, because everyone does not learn in the same way. When you study alone, you may lock yourself in your room with classical music, a cup of tea and so on to make you comfortable. Besides, nobody is moving around or talking near you. It can give you a quiet learning environment. So it is easier for you to concentrate on exactly what you need to learn. When you study in a group, it helps you keep the study plan. Besides, you are likely to remember more information. This is because you can put the information in your own words rather than reading from a textbook. It’s very similar to teaching the others in your group. It leads to keeping the information better. After looking at the advantages (优点) of studying alone or in a group, it can be difficult to tell which is better. But Keith Sawyer, a psychology professor, prefers group studying. He thinks it can provide a way for students to make the notes of their own. Professor Sawyer advises something students must do to get better group studying. First, limit (限制) the number of people and a good number is 3 to 5 students. Second, get yourself prepared with notes, questions and topics to look over. Nobody likes wasting time and waiting for you. Finally, pick a place, date and time for when your group will get together to study. 1．What do the underlined words “concentrate on” mean? A．Get ready for. B．Pay attention to. C．Point out. D．Make up. 2．How does studying in groups help you according to the text? ①It helps you keep the study plan. ②It can give you a quiet learning environment. ③It can make you more active. ④It helps you remember more information. A．①② B．③④ C．②③ D．①④ 3．Which of the following study groups has the proper members in Professor Sawyer’s opinion? A．Group 1, 10 members. B．Group 2, 6 members. C．Group 3, 4 members. D．Group 3, 2 members. 4．What can we infer (推断) from the text? A．The writer prefers studying in groups. B．It is not easy to study carefully alone. C．You should prepare well before studying in groups each time. D．Keith Sawyer has worked in a school for many years. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Study Alone VS Study in Groups B．Start Studying in Groups Now C．Ways to Get Good Grades D．Importance of Making Study Plans 【答案】1．B 2．D 3．C 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文探讨了独自学习与小组学习两种不同的学习方式，分析了各自的优点，并引用心理学教授的建议说明了如何更好地进行小组学习。 1．根据第二段“Besides, nobody is moving around or talking near you. It can give you a quiet learning environment. So it is easier for you to concentrate on exactly what you need to learn.”可知，独自学习环境安静，没有干扰，因此更容易将注意力集中在需要学习的内容上，这里“concentrate on”意为“专注于、集中注意力于”，与B选项“Pay attention to.”含义一致。 2．根据第三段“When you study in a group, it helps you keep the study plan. Besides, you are likely to remember more information.”可知，小组学习的作用包括帮助坚持学习计划、记住更多信息，对应①和④。 3．根据第五段“First, limit the number of people and a good number is 3 to 5 students.”可知，根据Sawyer教授的建议，小组学习的适宜人数是3到5人，C选项“Group 3, 4 members.”符合题意。 4．根据第五段“Second, get yourself prepared with notes, questions and topics to look over. Nobody likes wasting time and waiting for you.”可知，参与小组学习前要提前准备好笔记、待讨论的问题和主题，避免浪费他人时间，对应C选项。 5．全文围绕独自学习和小组学习两种模式的优缺点展开介绍，核心主题是两种学习方式的对比，A选项“Study Alone VS Study in Groups”适合作标题。 This week we received a question from Linda in Nigeria. Question: Could you please tell me the differences between “please” and “kindly”? Some people use the two words together, “please kindly help”. —Linda, Nigeria Answer: Dear Linda, Thank you kindly for writing to us. “Kindly” can be an adverb (副词), a word that usually describes a verb (动词). If your teacher says, “Kindly hand in your homework.”, she is using “kindly” as an adverb to make a polite request. Another way to use the word as an adverb is: “The animal doctor always treats our pets kindly.” “Kindly” is also an adjective. If someone helped you at the post office, you might say, “A kindly man helped me mail my letter.” There, “kindly” describes “man” which is a noun (名词). You could also use the word “nice” to express the same idea. “Please” can be an exclamation or a verb. It can also be used to make a request politely: “Could you please pass the salt?” “Please give me your homework.” And, Americans almost always use “please” when making a request in the form of a statement as opposed to (相对于) a question: “Give me two tickets, please.” “Please, sir, help us.” “I hope this answer pleases you.”—there, I used it as a verb. “Kindly” visit our website again for more lessons! Your questions What questions do you have about English? Send us an email at learningenglish@163.com. And that’s Ask a Teacher for this week. 1．In which part of a website can we read the passage? A．Education. B．Health. C．Nature. D．Travel. 2．In which of the following sentences is “kindly” used as an adverb? A．She is a kindly person. B．Kindly close the door when you leave. C．The kindly old man often helps me. D．The teacher gave us a kindly smile. 3．Which of the statements about the use of “please” is NOT true? A．It can be used to make a request politely. B．It can be a verb. C．Americans almost always use it when making a request. D．It can’t be used as an exclamation. 4．What can we learn from the passage? A．Linda is learning Chinese. B．Linda has called the Ask a Teacher program for help. C．Linda has sent an email to the Ask a Teacher program. D．Linda can tell the differences between “kindly” and “please”. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文通过“Ask a Teacher”栏目回复读者Linda关于“please”和“kindly”用法区别的提问，详细解释了这两个词的词性及使用场景，并鼓励读者继续提问。 1．最后一段提到：“Send us an email at learningenglish@163.com. And that’s Ask a Teacher for this week.”，再结合全文关于英语单词用法的解答可知，该内容属于英语学习辅导，应出现在网站的教育板块。 2．Answer部分中的第二段提到：“If your teacher says, ‘Kindly hand in your homework.’, she is using ‘kindly’ as an adverb to make a polite request.”，在此处kindly作副词修饰动词短语hand in，表示礼貌请求，与选项B“Kindly close the door…”用法一致。 3．Answer部分中的第四段提到：“‘Please’ can be an exclamation or a verb.”，表明please可以作感叹词，选项D表述与原文相反。 4．第一段提到：“This week we received a question from Linda in Nigeria.”，最后一段提到：“Send us an email at learningenglish@163.com.”，表明Linda是通过发送邮件向栏目组求助的。 ◇考点 02 重难语篇提升练 Do you have problems remembering English words? Many students say it is the biggest difficulty in learning English. In fact, remembering words is not hard if you use proper methods. Here are four useful ways to help you remember English words easily. First, learn words in sentences or passages. Many students remember words one by one. They recite the spelling and Chinese meanings again and again, but they forget them soon. If you put a new word into a sentence, you will know how to use it. Reading short passages is also a good idea. You can remember words and learn grammar at the same time. Second, review words regularly. Human memory has rules. We will forget new words quickly if we never review them. It is better to review new words on the first day, the third day and the seventh day after learning. Regular review can turn short-term memory into long-term memory. Then you will not forget the words easily. Third, use word formation rules. Many English words have similar parts. For example, some prefixes and suffixes can change the meaning or part of speech of words. If you know the root word “care”, you can easily remember “careful”, “carefully” and “careless”. Mastering word formation can help you remember a group of words at a time. Fourth, use words in daily life. Don’t just remember words in books. Try to use them when you talk or write. You can keep a diary in English, or speak English with your partners. The more you use words, the deeper you will remember them. Practice makes perfect. Keep using these methods, and you will find remembering English words becomes an easy thing. 1．What do many students think is the hardest part of learning English? A．Speaking. B．Listening. C．Remembering words. D．Writing. 2．Why does the writer advise learning words in sentences? A．It saves much time. B．It helps know how to use words. C．It makes sentences beautiful. D．It improves reading speed. 3．How often should we review new words according to the passage? A．Every two days. B．On the 1st, 3rd and 7th day. C．Once a week. D．Every day for a month. 4．What can we know about word formation? A．It can help remember many related words. B．It changes the spelling of root words completely. C．It is the most difficult way to learn words. D．It only works for long English words. 5．What is the best title for the passage? A．How to Learn English Well B．Four Ways to Remember English Words C．The Rules of English Memory D．Daily English for Students 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．B 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了四种轻松记忆英语单词的实用方法。 1．根据第一段“Do you have problems remembering English words? Many students say it is the biggest difficulty in learning English.”可知，很多学生认为学习英语最大的困难是记英语单词。 2．根据第二段“If you put a new word into a sentence, you will know how to use it.”可知，作者建议把单词放在句子中学习，是因为这样可以知道如何使用该单词。 3．根据第三段“It is better to review new words on the first day, the third day and the seventh day after learning.”可知，复习新单词的时间为学习后的第1天、第3天和第7天。 4．根据第四段“Mastering word formation can help you remember a group of words at a time.”可知，掌握构词法可以帮助记忆一组相关的单词。 5．通读全文可知，文章第一段引出话题并提出“Here are four useful ways to help you remember English words easily”，随后分段详细介绍了四种记忆英语单词的方法，因此“Four Ways to Remember English Words”是最合适的标题。 Your own experience of learning for exams might tell you that periods of uninterrupted (不间断的) concentration can help you to better remember key pieces of information. Indeed, many students will take up deep study just before a test — in the belief that key subject facts and figures (公式) will be memorized ready for exam day. However, this commonly held wisdom has been proven wrong by a finding made in psychological study. Now known as the Zeigarnik effect, it was found that interruption during a task that requires focus can in fact improve a person’s ability to remember it later. The psychologist Bluma Zeigarnik noticed the effect of interruption on memory processing in 1927. In the experiment, she asked each participant to complete a series of separate tasks, such as solving a puzzle or putting together a simple box. During around half of the tasks, participants were quietly stopped by the person in charge of the experiment, while during the remaining tasks, they were allowed time to complete them uninterrupted. Following the experiment, Zeigarnik interviewed each participant, asking them to recall details of each task that they had tried. Zeigarnik’s early findings showed that participants were able to recall details of interrupted tasks around 90% better than those who had been able to complete undisturbed. These results suggest that a desire to complete a task can cause it to stay in a person’s memory until it has been completed, and that the finality of its completion enables the process of forgetting it to take place. One way of employing the Zeigarnik effect when trying to memorize a detailed piece of information, such as a long phone number, or when learning a subject, might be to avoid trying to remember it in its entirety in one sitting. Take a look at the information, familiarize yourself with it, then “interrupt yourself” — look away from where it is written for a few moments and think of something else, before returning a few more times to remember the number. Finally, piece these small parts together and try to recall the number in its entirety. 1．What does the underlined phrase “this commonly held wisdom” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Remembering key subject facts makes sure of success in exams. B．Interruption on memory processing brings unexpected results. C．Uninterrupted concentration contributes to effective revision. D．Learning with full concentration improves long-term memory. 2．How did Zeigarnik measure the effect of interruption on participants’ memory? A．By checking brain scans. B．By judging participants’ memory. C．By asking about task details. D．By watching physical reactions. 3．Which strategy should be used to avoid forgetting when learning a subject? A．Repeated writing and recalling. B．Entire remembering in one sitting. C．Rapid memorization without breaks. D．Breaks in review and repeating in small parts. 4．What is the passage mainly about? A．The origin of the Zeigarnik Effect. B．The discovery of the Zeigarnik Effect. C．The evaluation of the Zeigarnik Effect. D．The application of the Zeigarnik Effect 5．What can we learn about the Zeigarnik Effect from the text? A．Unfinished tasks stay longer in our memory. B．Finished tasks are much easier to remember. C．Interruption always makes people lose focus. D．People have no wish to finish difficult work. 【答案】1．C 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．A 【导语】本文是一篇科普说明文，介绍了蔡加尼克效应。适当的中断反而能增强记忆效果，并且可以利用这一效应（如分段学习、主动中断、再整合）来提高学习效率。 1．根据第一段中“periods of uninterrupted (不间断的) concentration can help you to better remember key pieces of information. Indeed, many students will take up in deep study just before a test”可知，人们普遍认为不间断的专注学习有助于考前复习和记忆。划线短语指代的正是前文提到的这一普遍观点。 2．根据第三段中“Following the experiment, Zeigarnik interviewed each participant, asking them to recall details of each task that they had tried.”可知，Zeigarnik是通过采访参与者，询问他们回忆任务的细节来测量记忆效果的。 3． 根据最后一段中“avoid trying to remember it in its entirety in one sitting... ‘interrupt yourself’... returning a few more times...piece these small parts together”可知，建议的策略是避免一次性记忆，是要中间打断自己，分小部分重复记忆。选项D“复习中穿插休息并分小部分重复”符合这一策略。 4．文章第一、二段引出蔡加尼克效应（推翻固有常识），第三、四段讲实验发现与原理，第五段讲学习场景的使用方法。全文围绕蔡加尼克效应的发现 、原理 和实际运用展开。B选项“The 蔡加尼克效应的发现” 可概括全文。 5．根据第四段中“participants were able to recall details of interrupted tasks around 90% better than those who had been able to complete undisturbed...desire to complete a task can cause it to stay in a person’s memory until it has been completed”可知，未完成的任务会因为人们渴望完成它而更长久地留在记忆中。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $