Unit 3 Period Five Grammar(Word讲义)-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语选择性必修第一册学生用书（北师大版）

Period Five　Grammar 阅读以下有关“保护自然”的小短文,感知加黑部分,并回答其后的问题。 The earth, ①which is our only home, provides us with everything ②that we need. There are many beautiful places that are worth protecting, like the forests ③where various animals live. People ④who love nature often take action to safeguard it, ⑤with whom we can share ideas and work together. The oceans, ⑥in which countless marine lives swim around, are essential parts of our ecosystem. ⑦As we all know, there was a time ⑧when people didn’t realize the significance of nature protection and did a lot of things harmful to it. However, now we should understand that only by protecting nature can we ensure a better life for ourselves and future generations. 【自主发现】 以上语段中,②③④⑧为　　　　　定语从句,①⑤⑥⑦为　　　　定语从句;其中,which, that, who, as为关系　　　　,where,when为关系　　　　;with whom、in which为“介词+关系　　　　”。  限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 一、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 区别 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式 与主句之间不用逗号隔开 与主句之间用逗号隔开 功能 对先行词进行限定、修饰。如果去掉,剩余部分的意义便不完整、不明确 对先行词做附加说明,去掉后,句子剩余部分的意思仍然完整、明确 先行词 名词或名词性词组 名词、名词性词组或整个主句 关系词 所有的关系代词/副词 除that和why以外的关系代词/副词 翻译 常译成前置定语 常译成并列分句 如: I like the book which/that he bought yesterday. 我喜欢他昨天买的那本书。(限制性定语从句, 先行词是the book) He has just come back from New York, which is a very big city in the United States. 他刚从纽约回来, 那是美国一个很大的城市。(非限制性定语从句, 先行词是New York) He changed his mind, which made me very angry. 他改变了主意, 这使我很生气。(非限制性定语从句, 先行词是前面整句话) [温馨提示] 1.下列情况只用that不用which: ①先行词是all, something, everything, anything, nothing, little, much, few等不定代词; ②先行词被all, any, every, no, little, much, some等词修饰; ③先行词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰或先行词本身是序数词; ④先行词被the only, the very(正是,恰是), the last修饰;　 ⑤先行词中既有人又有物。 2.使用非限制性定语从句时,如果先行词指人,可用who, whom或whose来引导;先行词指物,可用which, whose来引导;先行词表示时间或地点,可用when, where来引导(它们在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语)。　 二、非限制性定语从句中关系词的用法 1.who, whom, whose引导的非限制性定语从句 关系 代词 在定语从句 中所作成分 先行词 who 主语、宾语 或表语 人 whom 宾语;介词 后用whom 人 whose 定语 人:whose+n.=the+n.+of whom 物:whose+n.=the+n.+of which 如: Our guide, who was a French Canadian, was an excellent cook. 我们的向导, 一个法裔加拿大人,是一个优秀的厨师。 Mr Smith, from whom I have learned a lot, is a famous scientist. 史密斯先生是一位著名的科学家,我从他那里学了很多东西。 The books on the desk,whose covers are shiny, are prizes for us. 桌子上的书是我们的奖品,书的封皮很亮。 2.which, as引导的非限制性定语从句 区别 which as 指代 引导的从句既可指代整个主句的内容, 又可指代主句的一部分 引导的从句只能指代整个主句的内容 位置 引导的从句不能位于主句之前 可位于主句之前、之中或之后 意义 这, 那 正如 如: Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses. 水是一种清澈的液体, 有许多用途。 Our country has sent up another man-made earth satellite, as is reported. 正如报道的那样, 我们国家又发射了一颗人造地球卫星。 3.when, where引导的非限制性定语从句 关系 副词 在非限制性定语 从句中所作成分 指代 when 时间状语 主句中表示时间的词语 where 地点状语 主句中表示地点的词语 when/where 有时可以换成“介词+which” 如: We’ll put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better. 我们将把在公园里的野餐推迟到下周, 那时天气可能会更好。 I had the honour to visit the expo, where the good environment and the grand exhibition deeply impressed me.　 我有幸参观了博览会,那里良好的环境和盛大的展览给我留下了深刻的印象。 4.“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 在“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句中, 关系代词用whom指人, 用which指物。如: They were badly hurt in the earthquake, as a result of which they didn’t go to school. 他们在地震中受了重伤, 因此他们没有去上学。 We are short of two people, without whom we will need three more days to finish the work. 我们缺少两个人, 没有他们, 我们还需要三天的时间来完成这项工作。 【实战演练】 ●Ⅰ 单句填空 1.Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, 　　　　　　Rachel Carson says in A Fable for Tomorrow.  2.There was once a town in the heart of America, 　　　　all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings.  3.I still remember the moment 　　　　I first realized my dream, and my heart was filled with a sense of accomplishment that couldn’t be put into words.  4.In this article, we will focus on a specific type of comfort food 　　　　power mainly exists in the associations it calls to mind.  5.The reason 　　　　I write this letter to you is that I have a problem in respect of the writing style.  6.What is surprising to us is that Tom, for 　　　　English was once boring, can speak English fluently as though he were a native speaker.  7.All the clothes 　　　　　　were donated to the charity were in excellent condition and would be a great help to those in need.  8.Many lessons are now available online, from 　　　　students can choose for free.  9.On the 1,100-kilometre journey, the man Cao Shengkang, 　　　　lost his eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three provinces.  10.Just see how cars have taken over our cities. They often run at high speed, 　　　　may put our lives in danger.  ●Ⅱ 句型训练 1.The dress 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(她在聚会上穿的) caught everyone’s attention.  2.I feel extremely grateful to have a friend 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(总是耐心倾听我的烦恼).  3.The place 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(我第一次遇见我最好的朋友)holds a special significance in my heart.  4.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(正如这些图片所示), some new types of transport spring up in modern China, such as shared bicycles, high-speed trains and new energy vehicles.  5.She loves reading books,　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　(这丰富了她的知识并拓宽了她的视野).  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Period Five　Grammar 语法探究 【自主发现】 限制性;非限制性;代词; 副词; 代词 语法归纳 【实战演练】 ●Ⅰ 1.as　2.where　3.when　4.whose　5.why 6.whom　7.that　8.which　9.who　10.which ●Ⅱ 1.(which/that) she wore at the party 2.who/that always listens patiently to my troubles 3.where/in which I met my best friend for the first time 4.As the/these pictures show 5.which enriches her knowledge and broadens her horizons 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $