Unit 3 Section A (Grammar Focus) 讲义 2026-2027学年英语人教版八年级上册

Unit 3 Same or Different? Section A (Grammar Focus) · 讲义 Unit 3 Same or Different? Section A (Grammar Focus) 课时基本信息 课题 Unit 3 Same or Different? — Section A (Grammar Focus) 课型 语法课 年级 八年级上册 课时 第 3 课时 教材 人教版（2024）英语八年级上册（Unit 3，课本 p.25） 主题 人与人的异同（How do we compare with each other?） 教学重难点 重点　3a 圈出比较级并写原级；形容词与副词比较级的构成规则（加 -er / more / 不规则变化）与用法（比较级+than、much/a little/a lot/even 修饰、as+原形+as 同级比较）；3b 写问句与答句；3c 用比较级比较广州与温哥华（课本 p.25）。 难点　重读闭音节双写辅音字母再加 -er（big→bigger、thin→thinner）；“辅音字母+y”改 i 加 -er（early→earlier）；as...as 同级比较中用原形；than 前后动词相同时用助动词代替。 本课词汇 单词/词组 音标 释义 slim /slɪm/ adj. 苗条的（比较级 slimmer） fact /fækt/ n. 事实； reality population /ˌpɒpjuˈleɪʃn/ n. 人口 km (kilometre) /ˈkɪləmiːtə(r)/ n. 千米；公里 average /ˈævərɪdʒ/ adj. 平均的 n. 平均数 pleasant /ˈpleznt/ adj. 令人愉快的；宜人的 学习过程 （一）Step 1 热身：比较级之歌 Warming up（歌曲中的比较级）：Grass gets greener 更绿 / Days get warmer 更温暖 / Sun gets brighter 更亮 / Dreams get bigger 更大 / Smiles get wider 更广阔 / Love gets stronger 更强大 / It gets better 更好——Brighter and brighter, stronger and stronger。 引出主题：形容词和副词的比较级（Comparatives）。 思路点拨：get+比较级 表示“变得越来越……”。 （二）Step 2 3a 圈比较级、写原级 3a Read the sentences and notice the comparatives in bold. Find more examples in Section A.（课本 p.25） 1. There are more activities this year. It is more colourful than last year.（many→more；colourful→more colourful） 2. Emma is taller than Ella, but her hair is shorter than Ella's.（tall→taller；short→shorter） 3. Ella dances better than Emma, but Emma sings louder than her.（well→better；loud→louder） 4. Emma always gets up earlier than me, but I work as hard as her!（early→earlier；as hard as 同级比较） Let's find（课文中的比较级例句）：You play the Chinese flute better than anyone else in our music club. / I'm not as outgoing as you. / Her hair is longer than Emma's. / I'm a little quieter than Ella. / I'm taller than you, but I can run faster than you. / you read more than me。 思路点拨：第四句的 as hard as 是同级比较，不是比较级——注意区分。 （三）Step 3 比较级的构成规则 1. 规则变化： ①单音节词和部分双音节词，一般词尾加 -er：tall→taller；short→shorter；fast→faster ②以字母 e 结尾的词，加 -r：large→larger；late→later ③重读闭音节词尾只有一个辅音字母时，先双写该辅音字母再加 -er：big→bigger；fat→fatter；thin→thinner ④以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音节词，先把 y 改为 i 再加 -er：easy→easier；heavy→heavier；early→earlier ⑤多音节词和部分双音节词，词前加 more：beautiful→more beautiful；popular→more popular；colourful→more colourful 2. 不规则变化：good/well→better；bad/badly→worse；many/much→more；little→less；far→farther/further。 图1　比较级规则变化五条（课本 p.25） 图2　比较级不规则变化表（课本 p.25） 思路点拨：记口诀：一般加-er，e 尾只加-r，重读闭音节双写辅音，辅音+y 把 y 变 i，多音节前面加 more。 （四）Step 4 比较级的用法与同级比较 1. 在“比较级+than”句型中，当 than 前后所使用的动词相同时，通常用助动词代替后面的动词，该助动词也可以省略。例：I'm more outgoing than my sister. / You know more about yourself than I (do). 2. 比较级前可以用 much, a little, a lot, even 等修饰。例：I'm feeling much better today. / My brother is a little taller than me. 3. “as+形容词或副词原形+as”句型：①表示两者在某一方面相同——I think science is as important as maths. / Tom runs as fast as Jack.；②表示一方不及另一方用“not as/so+原形+as”——It is not as/so warm today as yesterday. / He did not come as/so early as Wang Lin. 图3　as+原形+as 同级比较句型（课本 p.25） 思路点拨：看到空格前是 much/a little/even，就填比较级；看到 as...as，就填原级。 （五）Step 5 3b 写问句与答句 3b Use the words in brackets to write questions and answers.（课本 p.25） 1. Q: Is Julie slimmer than you? A: No, she isn't. She is as slim as me. 2. Q: Are you as serious as your cousin? A: No, I'm not. I am more serious than he is. 3. Q: Is Tom smarter than Sam? A: No, I don't think so. I think Sam is as smart as Tom. 4. Q: Does Jack swim faster than Sally? A: No, he doesn't. He swims as fast as Sally. 【3b】2. Are you as serious as your cousin / more serious　3. Is Tom smarter than Sam / smart　4. Does Jack swim faster than Sally / fast 思路点拨：第 4 题是实义动词 swim，疑问句借助动词 Does。 （六）Step 6 3c 广州 vs 温哥华 3c Look at the chart. Then complete the sentences to compare Guangzhou and Vancouver. Use the words in the box and than.（课本 p.25）备选：large / small / much / warm / cool。图表数据：人口、面积、年平均降雨量、1 月平均气温、7 月平均气温。 1. The population of Vancouver was smaller than that of Guangzhou in 2024.（that 指代 the population） 2. In area, Guangzhou is larger than Vancouver. 3. It rains more in Guangzhou than in Vancouver. 4. Guangzhou has a pleasant temperature in January. It is warmer than Vancouver in January. 5. Vancouver is cooler than Guangzhou in July. Discuss and say：Gina wants to visit a city in China. Which city do you think she may choose, Guangzhou or Hefei? 用比较级和 than 说明理由——I think she can go to... The food there is more delicious than... And it is... than... She can... there. She will have a good time. 思考：What are the benefits of using comparative degrees in daily life? —It helps us describe differences more clearly, like “My schoolbag is heavier than yours.” 图4　3c 广州与温哥华数据对比图（课本 p.25） 【3c】1. smaller than　2. larger than　3. more；than　4. warmer than　5. cooler than 思路点拨：比较人口/面积/降雨/气温四大指标，每句都用“比较级+than”。 （七）Step 7 随堂检测 当堂完成，答案见各题下方。 1. We all think Mike works __________ (hard) than Alan. 答案：harder（副词比较级修饰 works） 2. Don't you think our city is _______ (good) than before? 答案：better（good/well 的不规则比较级） 3. Which girl is _____________ (outgoing), your sister or your cousin? 答案：more outgoing（多音节词加 more） 4. After doing sports for months, Tina is becoming _______ (thin) than before. 答案：thinner（重读闭音节双写 n 再加 -er） 5. Paul is not as _________ (popular) as Mary, but he is _________ (funny) than Mary. 答案：popular；funnier（as...as 用原形；辅音字母+y 改 i 加 -er） 易错提醒 注意：big→bigger 要双写 g；early→earlier 是改 y 为 i，不能写成 earlyer；well 指身体好/副词“好”，比较级同为 better。 注意：比较级前用 much/a little/a lot/even 修饰，不能说 very better 或 so taller；as...as 中间一律用原形。 答题技巧 形容词比较级（taller/shorter）作表语；副词比较级（better/louder/earlier）修饰实义动词。 答语是 No 时，问句用比较级提问、答句转用 as+原形+as（或反之），一问一答在两种句型间切换。 that of Guangzhou 中的 that 指代 the population，避免重复；第 3 题动词 rain 用 much 的比较级 more 修饰。 第 5 题一句话考两个规则：not as...as 用原级，than 前用比较级——审题时先看有没有 than。 语言点归纳 比较级+than（动词相同用助动词代替，可省略）； 修饰比较级：much / a little / a lot / even（不可用 very/so/too）； 同级比较：as+原形+as 相同；not as/so+原形+as 不及。 课堂总结 本课围绕 Grammar Focus 展开： 1. 掌握比较级五条规则变化与五组不规则变化； 2. 掌握比较级用法：than 句型、much/a little/a lot/even 修饰、as+原形+as 同级比较； 3. 会用比较级与 as...as 完成问答（3b）并比较两座城市（3c）； 4. 懂得比较级让差异描述更清晰，是日常生活中有用的表达工具。 第 页 共 页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $