Unit 3 I've Got a Headache-《英语 基础模块2》（外研版 第二版）【上好课】

You'll be able to: 1. describe symptoms of some illnesses; 2. talk about how to give first aid; 3. write a sick note.. Unit 3 I've Got a Headache 《英语 基础模块2》 （外研版第二版） Warming up P3——P8 Listening and Speaking P9——P48 Reading & Writing P48——P79 Grammar in Use P33——P44，P62——P70 Reading & Writing2 P79——P91 For Better Performance P91——P109 Around the World P109——P119 Content Look at the picture and discuss: 1. Where are the people? 2. What does the man do? Fun Time Warming up Listen and match stomachache backache headache toothache Listen and match stomachache backache headache toothache Discuss and match. 讨论，将下列病因与症状匹配。 play computer games for a long time eat a lot of ice cream stay up late eat many sweets headache backache stomachache toothache Discuss and match. 讨论，将下列病因与症状匹配。 play computer games for a long time eat a lot of ice cream stay up late eat many sweets headache backache stomachache toothache Listening and Speaking Listening & Speaking Listen and choose. 听录音，选择答案 1. What is the dialogue about? A Making an appointment. B Asking for first aid advice. C Buying medicine. 2. Where is the dialogue most likely taking place? A At a supermarket. B At a restaurant. C On the telephone. Listening & Speaking Listen and choose. 听录音，选择答案 1. What is the dialogue about? A Making an appointment. B Asking for first aid advice. C Buying medicine. 2. Where is the dialogue most likely taking place? A At a supermarket. B At a restaurant. C On the telephone. Listening & Speaking 2 Listen again and complete. 再听录音，填写就诊预约卡。 Listening & Speaking 2 Listen again and complete. 再听录音，填写就诊预约卡。 Appointment Card Patient's name: Lily Jones Symptoms: a fever and a bad cough Appointment time: 4:30 pm Listening & Speaking 2 Listen again and complete. Receptionist: Good morning, Doctor Smith's office. How may I help you? Patient: Good morning, I'd like to make an appointment to see Doctor Smith, please. Receptionist: OK, can I have your name, please? Patient: Lily Jones. Receptionist: What's the problem? Patient: I've got a fever and a bad cough. Could I see the doctor at 2 this afternoon? Receptionist: Sorry, Doctor Smith is not available at that time. Patient: Then what is the earliest time? Receptionist: The earliest available time is 4:30 pm. Patient: That's fine with me. Receptionist: OK, please come at 4:20 pm to register first. Patient: No problem. Thank you. Receptionist: See you then. Listening & Speaking 1. How may I help you? 请问有什么可以帮您？ (服务场景礼貌开场用语，诊所、客服、门店接电话常用，语气正式客气。） 拓展同义句： - What can I do for you? 我能为您做点什么？（通用） - Can I help you? 需要帮忙吗？（更口语、简洁） 2.make an appointment 预约（看病 / 会面） appointment 多指正式预约（就医、商务会面），区别 date（约会，多指情侣见面）。 - make an appointment with sb 和某人预约 - cancel an appointment 取消预约 - keep an appointment 守约 3. would like to do sth (I'd like to = I would like to，想要做某事） 例句：I'd like to make an appointment to see Doctor Smith. 我想预约史密斯医生看病。 Listening & Speaking 4. got a fever 发烧 拓展同类病痛短语： - have a cold 感冒 - have a headache 头疼 - have a toothache 牙疼 - have a stomachache 胃痛 5. see the doctor 看医生、就诊 固定搭配，不能直译 “看见医生”，专门表示看病就医。 例句：Could I see the doctor at 2 this afternoon? 我今天下午两点可以看医生吗？ 拓展同义表达： - go to the doctor 去看医生 - see a dentist 看牙医 Listening & Speaking 6.available…… 有空的；可获得的 拓展用法： - sb be available 某人有空 - sth be available 某物可以获取 / 可用 例：Is this room available? 这间房间可以使用吗？ 7.earliest 最早的 early早的——earlier比较级 比较早的——earliest 最高级，最早的 例句：Then what is the earliest time?那最早是什么时候呢？ The earliest available time is 4:30 pm.最早的空闲时间是下午4:30。 Listening & Speaking 8.register 登记；挂号 拓展搭配： - register for 注册…… - register at the hospital 在医院挂号 - registration n. 名词，挂号；登记 Listening & Speaking 接待员：早上好，这里是史密斯医生诊所。请问有什么可以帮您？ 病人：早上好，我想预约史密斯医生看病。 接待员：好的，可以告诉我您的名字吗？ 病人：莉莉・琼斯。 接待员：哪里不舒服？ 病人：我发烧，咳嗽很厉害。今天下午两点我可以看医生吗？ 接待员：抱歉，史密斯医生那个时段没空。 病人：那最早是什么时候？ 接待员：最早可预约时间是下午 4:30。 病人：这个时间可以。 接待员：好，请下午 4:20 过来先挂号。 病人：没问题，谢谢你。 接待员：到时见。 ◇ Work in pairs. 两人一组，根据提示练习预约就诊 Useful expressions： - I'd like to make an appointment... - I've got... - The earliest available time is... Listen and complete. 听录音，了解就诊过程，填写下图 Symptoms have a bad cough have a poor appetite Treatment take some tablets Listen and complete. 听录音，了解就诊过程，填写下图 Symptoms have a bad cough have a poor appetite Treatment take some tablets have a sore throat have a fever drink plenty of water get lots of rest Listen and complete. 听录音，了解就诊过程，填写下图 Doctor: Hello. What's wrong with you? Patient: I have a bad cough and a sore throat. Doctor: Let me take a look. Open your mouth and say "Ah". How long have you had these symptoms? Patient: About two days. Doctor: Do you have any other symptoms? Patient: Yes, I also have a fever and a poor appetite. Doctor: I think you've got the flu. You should take these tablets three times a day, drink plenty of water, and get lots of rest. You will feel better in a few days. Patient: Thank you. 知识点剖析 1. What's wrong with you? 你哪里不舒服？ 本句：医生问诊专用句型，用来询问对方身体出了什么问题。 拓展辨析同义句： - What's the matter with you? 最通用，就医、日常场景都能用 - What's your trouble? 多用于看病问诊 > 注意：短语里的 with 不能省略。 2.have a bad cough咳嗽得厉害、剧烈咳嗽 cough /kɒf/ n.&v. 咳嗽 • a cough：咳嗽（名词短语，固定搭配 have a cough 咳嗽） • bad 此处表示“严重的，剧烈的”，have a bad cough = cough badly 拓展同类短语 • have a bad cold 重感冒 • have a bad headache 头疼得厉害 知识点剖析 3. a sore throat 喉咙痛 sore /sɔː(r)/ adj. 疼痛的（发炎带来的疼） throat /θrəʊt/ n. 咽喉，喉咙 拓展：have a sore back 背疼；have a sore knee 膝盖疼 例句：I have a sore throat, I can’t speak loudly. 我喉咙疼，不能大声说话。 4. take a look 看一看；检查一下（本文医生给病人做检查） 固定搭配：take a look (at …) • take 表示“进行一次动作”，同类高频短语： take a walk 散步 take a rest 休息一下 take a bath 洗澡 知识点剖析 5. How long have you had these symptoms?你出现这些症状多久了？ 此句为现在完成时核心考点句 - How long：多久，专门提问动作持续的时间，是现在完成时标志性疑问词。 - have had：have（患有）的现在完成形式。动作从过去开始，一直持续到现在。 拓展： 回答 How long 提问，常用 for + 一段时间 时态辨析： - 现在完成时：I have had the symptoms for two days. 症状持续到现在（现在还有） - 一般过去时：I had symptoms two days ago. 只陈述过去，不知道现在情况 6. symptom /ˈsɪmptəm/ n. 症状 复数 symptoms 拓展常见symptoms：cough咳嗽、sore throat嗓子疼、headache头疼、fever发烧 知识点剖析 7. have a fever 发烧 固定结构：have a + 疾病名词 拓展搭配： ‑ have a high fever 发高烧 ‑ have a slight fever 低烧 ‑ have a cough 咳嗽 8. a poor appetite 食欲不振，胃口差 appetite /ˈæpətaɪt/ n. 食欲，胃口 反义词：a good appetite 胃口好 拓展短语：lose one’s appetite 没了胃口 9.got the flu 释义：得了流感 flu /fluː/ n. 流感 ⚠️要点：必须加定冠词the → get the flu 辨析： ‑ cold：普通感冒，症状较轻 ‑ flu：流感，症状重，常伴随高烧、浑身酸痛 知识点剖析 10. three times a day 一天三次 解析：time 在这里是可数名词，含义为次数，不是 “时间”。 拓展： once a day 一天一次 twice a day 一天两次 four times a day 一天四次 11. drink plenty of water 大量喝水，多喝热水 plenty of = lots of = a lot of：大量、许多 用法：后面既可接可数复数，也可接不可数名词 ‑ plenty of water（water不可数）大量的水 ‑ plenty of apples（可数复数）许多苹果 12.get lots of rest 多多休息 rest n.【不可数】休息 同义替换：have a good rest 好好休息 lots of = a lot of，用法和 plenty of 一致，可数、不可数名词都可以修饰，口语更常用。 拓展：a lot 用来修饰动词，表程度，I sleep a lot. 我睡得多。 知识点剖析 13. in a few days几天之后 解析：`in + 时间段`，用于一般将来时，表示 “…… 之后”。 辨析：in /after - in + 一段时间：用于将来时，in three days 三天后（从现在算起） - after + 时间点：用于过去时，after 3 o'clock 在三点之后 例句：You will feel better in a few days. 几天后你就会好转。 知识点练习 1. —______ with you? —I have a bad cough and a sore throat. A. What wrong B. What's wrong C. What wrong is D. What are wrong 2. —______ have you had these symptoms? —About two days. A. How long B. How many C. How often D. How much 知识点练习 3. Take the tablets ______. A. three time a day B. three times a day C. three times day D. three time day 4. Please drink ______ water. A. plenty of B. many C. a lot D. lots 知识点练习解析 1．答案：B 解析：固定句型 What's wrong with you? 你哪里不舒服。what 作主语，谓语用 is。 2. 答案：A 解析：How long 多久，提问持续时间；How many 问可数数量；How often 问频率；How much 问不可数名词数量 / 价格。 3. 答案：B 解析：time 表 “次数” 为可数名词，三次 three times；three times a day 一天三次。 4.答案：A 解析：plenty of 大量，可修饰可数 / 不可数名词；water 不可数。many 只修饰可数名词；a lot 后面不能直接接名词。 The object clause Grammar in Use 现在完成时 基本含义 英语中，现在完成时表示过去发生的动作，对现在产生的影响和结果，也可以表示动作从过去一直持续到现在。 拆解核心原句 How long have you had these symptoms? 句子结构：have / has + 过去分词 •have：助动词，没有实际意思，帮着构成时态 • had：动词have的过去分词，这里表示“患有（病症）” 拆解核心原句 结合整篇对话，圈出所有症状，辅助理解时态： Symptoms 症状（病人现在依然有的状态） have a bad cough 剧烈咳嗽 have a sore throat 喉咙痛 have a fever 发烧 have a poor appetite 食欲不振 这些不舒服，两天前出现，一直持续到看病这一刻（现在），正好对应现在完成时的含义，所以医生提问用：How long have you had… 句式变换 ①肯定句 I have had a sore throat for two days. 我喉咙痛已经两天了。 ②一般疑问句 Have you had a fever for two days? 你发烧已经两天了吗？ ③划线提问（课文原题） —____ have you had these symptoms? —About two days. 答案：How long 现在完成时和一般过去时的辨析 1. 一般过去时（只说过去，和现在没关系） I had a bad cough two days ago. 我两天前咳嗽。（只讲两天前，现在咳不咳不知道，有ago） 2. 现在完成时（过去开始，持续到现在，现在还咳） How long have you had these symptoms? 这些症状已经持续多久？ 答句：I have had them for about two days. 我已经有这些症状大约两天了。 👉关键词：how long、for+一段时间，是现在完成时标志！ 易错点 错句：How long did you have these symptoms? 为什么错？ how long问“持续多长时间”，症状从过去延续到现在，要用现在完成时have had，不能用一般过去时did。 正确：How long have you had these symptoms? 小结 现在完成时 1 含义：过去开始的状态，持续到现在，和现在有关系 2 结构：have/has + 过去分词 3 标志词：how long，for+一段时间 即时训练 1. —____ have you had these symptoms? —About two days. A. How many B. How long C. How often D. How much 2. I ____ a bad cough for two days. A. have had B. had C. has D. am having 3. —Have you had a fever? —Yes, I ____. A. do B. have C. did D. had 即时训练 1. 答案：B 解析：答句About two days是一段时间。how long提问“持续多久”，现在完成时标志性疑问词。how many多少（可数）；how often多久一次（问频率）；how much多少（不可数/价格）。 2. 答案：A 解析：for two days两天，动作从过去持续到现在，用现在完成时：have/has+过去分词。主语I，助动词用have，have‑had‑had。B是一般过去时，只表示过去，不和for+一段时间连用；C结构残缺；D现在进行时不能表示状态持续。 3. 答案：B 解析：现在完成时一般疑问句 Have you…?，肯定回答：Yes, I have. 否定回答：No, I haven’t. 即时训练 4. She ____ a sore throat since yesterday. A. is having B. had C. has had D. was having 5. I had a cold three days ____. A. before B. ago C. for D. since 6. —Why don’t you feel well? —I ____ my poor appetite for several days. A. have had B. had C. having D. has had 即时训练 4. 答案：C 解析：since yesterday自从昨天，从过去持续到现在，现在完成时。主语she是第三人称单数，助动词用has。 5. 答案：B 解析：three days ago三天前，一般过去时标志。只要出现ago，句子不能用现在完成时。 6. 答案：A 解析：for several days好几天，现在完成时。主语I，用have had。 D的has只用于he/she/it第三人称单数主语 symptoms　flu　plenty of　cough　tablets　poor Lily went to the doctor because she had a bad ______ and a sore throat. The doctor checked her and asked if she had other ______. Lily said she also had a fever and a ______ appetite. Then the doctor told her that she might have got the ______, and she should take the ______ three times a day, drink ______ water, and get lots of rest. Choose and Complete symptoms　flu　plenty of　cough　tablets　poor Lily went to the doctor because she had a bad cough and a sore throat. The doctor checked her and asked if she had other symptoms. Lily said she also had a fever and a poor appetite. Then the doctor told her that she might have got the flu, and she should take the tablets three times a day, drink plenty of water, and get lots of rest. Choose and Complete Discuss and share 讨论并分享你的就诊经历 Reading & Writing Read and answer. 读家庭故事，回答问题。 1. What do the guidelines tell us? 2. How do you deal with an insect bite? 3. Have you learnt first aid before? Read and answer. 读急救指南，回答问题。 Cut 割伤 Put pressure on the cut with a clean cloth. Once the bleeding stops, clean the area with alcohol and cotton wool. Then cover it with a plaster or a bandage. Broken arm 手臂骨折 To reduce pain, put an ice pack on the injured area. Support the broken arm with a cushion or some clothing to prevent unnecessary movement. Read and answer. 读急救指南，回答问题。 Insect bite 虫咬伤 Wash the affected area with soap and water. If the area around the bite becomes hot, red or itchy, try to cool it down with an ice pack. Burn 烧伤 If it is a minor burn, cool the burnt area with running water. Do not use ice. Remove any clothing very carefully from around the burn. 重点单词短语罗列 1. press pressure on给…施加压力 press /pres/ v.按压 pressure /ˈpreʃə(r)/ n.压力 固定搭配：press pressure on +部位 对……施压（外伤止血场景） 拓展：put pressure on sb 给某人施加压力（抽象，学习、工作压力） 2.once一旦 ，曾经 （1）一旦（连词，引导条件状语从句），主将从现 例句：Once you get hurt, call for help at once.一旦受伤，立刻求助。 （2） 曾经（副词，多用于一般过去时） 例句：I once worked in a hospital. 我曾经在医院工作过。 拓展：at once 立刻，马上 重点单词短语罗列 3.cotton wool药棉 4.cover...with用...覆盖 结构：cover A with B “用B盖住A” 被动：A be covered with B A被B覆盖 例句：Cover the wound with a clean cloth.用一块干净布盖住伤口。 5. plaster /ˈplɑːstə(r)/ n.创可贴；膏药 英式英语plaster=创可贴；美式常用band‑aid 例句：Put a plaster on your small cut. 在你的小伤口贴上创可贴。 补充：plaster也可作动词：plaster sth with sth 用……涂抹 重点单词短语罗列 6.support something with 用…来支撑 support /səˈpɔːt/ v.支撑，扶持；支持 例句：Support his arm with a bandage.用绷带把他的胳膊固定支撑住。 拓展引申义：support sb 支持某人（精神上） 7.wash something with 用…来洗 结构：wash +物品 + with +工具/液体 例句：Wash the wound with clean water.用清水冲洗伤口。 拓展：wash away 冲走 8. cool something down 使…冷却下来 cool /kuːl/ v.（使）变凉 adj.凉爽的；冷静的； cool … down 动副短语，代词放中间：cool it down 把它冷却 拓展短语：calm down冷静下来 重点单词短语罗列 9.ice pack 冰袋 ice /aɪs/ n.冰；pack /pæk/ n.包、包裹 辨析：ice bag 冰袋（普通塑料袋装冰）；ice‑pack医用冰袋 10. minor burn 轻度烧伤 minor /ˈmaɪnə(r)/ adj.轻微的，次要的；burn /bɜːn/ n.烧伤，烫伤 反义词：serious/severe burn 重度烧伤 拓展：minor mistake 小错误 例句：It’s only a minor burn, don’t worry. 只是轻度烧伤，不用担心。 11. remove…from 把…从…移开/拿走 remove /rɪˈmuːv/ v.移走，去除 结构：remove A from B 把A从B移开 例句：Remove the ring from his swollen finger.把戒指从他肿胀的手指上摘下来。 拓展：remove dirt 清除污渍 即时训练： 1. 用纱布盖住伤口。 ____ the wound ____ a piece of cloth. 2. 一旦发生事故，拨打120。 ____ an accident happens, call 120. 3. 用冰袋给患处降温。 ____ it ____ with an ice pack. 4. 把手从高温物体上移开。 ____ your hand ____ the hot object. 即时训练： 1. 用纱布盖住伤口。 Cover the wound with a piece of cloth. 2. 一旦发生事故，拨打120。 Once an accident happens, call 120. 3. 用冰袋给患处降温。 Cool it down with an ice pack. 4. 把手从高温物体上移开。 Remove your hand from the hot object. 即时训练： Now, could I invite three of you to translate those paragraphs into Chinese? Who’d like to have a try? 译文： 割伤 用干净的布按压伤口。一旦止血，用酒精和脱脂棉清理伤口部位，再用创可贴或绷带包扎。 手臂骨折 为减轻疼痛，将冰袋敷在受伤部位。用软垫或衣物托住骨折的手臂，防止不必要的晃动。 译文： 虫咬伤 用肥皂水冲洗患处。如果咬伤部位周围发热、发红或发痒，可以用冰袋冷敷。 烧伤 如果是轻度烧伤，用流动的冷水冷却烧伤部位。不要使用冰块。小心脱去烧伤处周围的衣物。 开篇问题的参考答案 1. They tell us how to give first aid for four kinds of injuries: cut, broken arm, insect bite and burn. 2. Wash the affected area with soap and water. If the area around the bite becomes hot, red or itchy, try to cool it down with an ice pack. 3. Yes, I have. / No, I haven’t. The object clause Grammar in Use 分词作形容词 基本含义 英语中，动词的现在分词 (doing) 和过去分词 (done)可以像形容词一样放在名词前面，修饰名词，描述名词特点。 具体用法 现在分词 doing：主动、正在进行，翻译成 “令人…… 的” 过去分词 done：被动、已经被……，翻译成 “被…… 的” 原文例句 1. running water 流动的水 running 是 run 的现在分词。 逻辑：water（水）自己在流动（主动，正在进行）→ running water 2. burnt area 烧伤部位 burnt 是 burn 的过去分词。 逻辑：area（部位）被火烧伤（被动，已经完成）→ burnt area 易错辨析 不要单纯记 “ing 修饰物、ed 修饰人”，理解本质： -ing：主动 / 正在发生 -ed：被动 / 已经完成 例：a surprising boy 一个令人吃惊的男孩（男孩让别人吃惊，修饰人也能用 ing） 即时训练 1. We should cool the ______ area with running water when there is a minor burn. A. burn B. burnt C. burning D. burns 2. ______ water is used to cool a minor burn. A. Run B. Ran C. Running D. To run 即时训练 3. The ______ boy felt painful because of the insect bite. A. injure B. injured C. injuring D. injury 4. Look at the ______ area. It is still bleeding. A. cut B. cutting C. cuts D. to cut 即时训练答案 1．答案：B 解析：burnt 是 burn 的过去分词，作形容词，表示被烧伤的，the burnt area 烧伤部位。 burning 意思是 “正在燃烧的”，不符合烧伤语境。 2. 答案：C 解析：running 是 run 的现在分词作形容词。running water 流动的水。 水自己流动，是主动含义，用现在分词 running。 即时训练答案 3.答案：B 解析：injured 是 injure 的过去分词，意为 “受伤的”。the injured boy 受伤的男孩。男孩是**被伤到**，被动含义，用过去分词。 4. 答案：A 解析：cut 此处是过去分词作形容词，表 “被割破的”，the cut area 割伤的部位。 cutting 是现在分词，表示 “正在切割的”，不符合题意。 2 Read and choose. 再读上文，选出文章中提到的应急用品 2 Read and choose. 再读上文，选出文章中提到的应急用品 文中出现的急救用品：alcohol, cotton wool, bandage, plasters, ice pack Discuss and match. 讨论并将受伤情况与急救措施匹配。 A. If it is minor, cool the area with running water. B. Put pressure on the area with a clean cloth. C. Support the part with a cushion or some clothing. D. Wash the affected area with soap and water. 1. Cut ( ) 2. Broken arm ( ) 3. Insect bite ( ) 4. Burn ( ) Discuss and match. 讨论并将受伤情况与急救措施匹配。 A. If it is minor, cool the area with running water. B. Put pressure on the area with a clean cloth. C. Support the part with a cushion or some clothing. D. Wash the affected area with soap and water. 1. Cut (B ) 2. Broken arm (C ) 3. Insect bite ( D) 4. Burn (A ) Choose and complete. 选词填空，完成句子。 prevent　bite　cool down insects　remove　itchy The doctor cleaned the snake ______ on his leg carefully. My eyes sometimes get ______ in spring. She used an ice pack to ______ her fever. How can I ______ the clothing around the burnt skin? Wear comfortable shoes to ______ injuries to your feet. Some ______ are annoying and may spread diseases. Choose and complete. 选词填空，完成句子。 prevent　bite　cool down insects　remove　itchy The doctor cleaned the snake bite on his leg carefully. My eyes sometimes get itchy in spring. She used an ice pack to cool down her fever. How can I remove the clothing around the burnt skin? Wear comfortable shoes to prevent injuries to your feet. Some insects are annoying and may spread diseases. 5.Discuss and share.讨论并分享急救小知识 5.Discuss and share.讨论并分享急救小知识 Bleeding Put pressure on the cut with a clean cloth. Cover it with a bandage. 参考答案 Reading & Writing2 □ A brief description of your illness 简单描述病情 □ How much time you have to take off 需要请假的时长 □ The doctor’s diagnosis 医生的诊断 □ What you need to do to get better 康复需要做的事 □ The medicine you are taking 正在服用的药物 Read and choose. 读病假条，选出其必要组成部分 Dear Professor, I’m writing to let you know that I am not feeling well today. I have a high fever and a bad headache. My nose is running too. I went to see the doctor this morning. She told me I’d got the flu, and advised me to rest for four days. Could you please allow me a four-day absence from your lectures? I’ve enclosed the doctor’s note for your reference. Yours sincerely, Hu Gang Read and choose. 读病假条，选出其必要组成部分 ✅ A brief description of your illness 简单描述病情 ✅ How much time you have to take off 需要请假的时长 ✅ The doctor’s diagnosis 医生的诊断 □ What you need to do to get better 康复需要做的事 □ The medicine you are taking 正在服用的药物 Read and choose. 读病假条，选出其必要组成部分 知识点剖析 1. let you know 让你知道、告知你 let 是使役动词，后面接动词原形：let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事 例句：Please let me know your plan. 请告诉我你的计划。 拓展： 书信万能开头：I’m writing to let you know that… 我写信是想告知您…… 知识点剖析 2. have a high fever 发高烧 固定搭配：have + 疾病名词（表达生病，不用 be 动词） 拓展同类短语（看病 / 病假条高频） - have a headache 头痛 - have a stomachache 胃痛 - have a toothache 牙痛 - have the flu 得了流感 例句：I have a high fever, so I can’t go to class. 我发高烧，不能去上课。 知识点剖析 3 advised me to rest 核心句型：advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 > advise 动词，建议 advise sb. not to do sth. 建议某人不要做某事 > 注意：advise 后面不能接 doing 给人，只能 advise sb. to do > 拓展：名词 advice（不可数）some advice 一些建议 4. allow 准许，允许 核心句型：allow sb. sth. 给予 / 准许某人某事 常用拓展句型： - allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 - be allowed to do sth. 被允许做某事（被动） 知识点剖析 5.absence from：缺席……；不在 词性：absence 名词，缺席 形容词 absent 缺席的 搭配：absence from + 活动 / 课程 缺席…… 6. enclose 随信附上（正式书信用词） 常用搭配：enclose sth. 附上某物 例句：I’ve enclosed my photo. 我随信附上我的照片。 拓展商务 / 书信常用：for your reference 供您参考（原文末尾短语） 知识点练习 1. The doctor advised me ______ in bed for 3 days. A. stay B. to stay C. staying D. stayed 2. Please let me ______ when you are ill. A. know B. to know C. knowing D. knew 3. Could you allow ______ a one-day leave? A. I B. me C. my D. mine 4. His ______ from class was because of the flu. A. absent B. absence C. absently D. absents 知识点练习 1. 答案：B 解析：advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事。 2. 答案：A 解析：let sb. do sth.，let 后面动词用原形。 3. 答案：B 解析：allow sb. sth. allow 后面用人称宾格 me。 4. 答案：B 解析：his 后面需要名词；absence 名词，缺席。 1.toothache, 1 day 2.stomachache, 1 day Read again and write. 再读上文，选择一种情况写一张病假条 Read again and write. 再读上文，选择一种情况写一张病假条 Dear Professor, I’m writing to let you know that I have a bad toothache. I went to see the dentist this morning. He told me I needed treatment and advised me to rest for one day. Could you please allow me a one-day absence from your lectures? I’ve enclosed the dentist’s note for your reference. Yours sincerely, Li Hua For Better Performance Listen and circle. 听录音，标红各条预防流感建议中的关键词 Flu viruses are most common in autumn and winter. The exact timing and duration of flu season can vary. Flu can make many people sick. Here are some tips to help you keep the flu away. Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 40 seconds, especially after you have been in a public place. Wear a mask when you are going out, for example, to do the shopping in the supermarket or to travel on public transport. Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces daily, which include tables, switches, handles, phones, keyboards, toilets and sinks. Avoid close contact with people who are sick. Stay at home as much as possible. Maintain social distancing to protect yourself. Listen and circle. 听录音，标红各条预防流感建议中的关键词 Flu viruses are most common in autumn and winter. The exact timing and duration of flu season can vary. Flu can make many people sick. Here are some tips to help you keep the flu away. Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 40 seconds, especially after you have been in a public place. Wear a mask when you are going out, for example, to do the shopping in the supermarket or to travel on public transport. Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces daily, which include tables, switches, handles, phones, keyboards, toilets and sinks. Avoid close contact with people who are sick. Stay at home as much as possible. Maintain social distancing to protect yourself. 1. flu viruses 流感病毒 virus 名词，病毒；复数形式 viruses flu season 流感季 2. keep the flu away 远离流感 核心结构： keep … away 把…… 挡开、使远离 拓展短语： keep … away from… 使…… 远离某物 / 某人 例句：We should keep germs away from our mouths. 我们要让细菌远离嘴巴。 拓展句型：keep sb. from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 3.at least 至少 反义词组：at most 至多，最多 辨析： at last 最后，终于（容易混淆，考试常考干扰项） 重点知识剖析： 4. public place 公共场所 public 形容词，公共的 → public transport 公共交通；public library 公共图书馆 private 形容词，私人的，反义词 5. wear a mask 戴口罩 重点辨析：wear /put on - wear：强调状态，戴着……（持续性） - put on：强调动作，把…… 戴上 / 穿上（一瞬间） 拓展：take off a mask 摘口罩 6. avoid：避免；避开 必考语法：avoid doing sth. 避免做某事（后面只能接动名词 doing，不能接 to do） 知识点剖析： 7.as much as possible尽可能 同义替换：as … as you can 8. protect 保护 核心搭配：protect sb. / sth. (from sth.)保护…… 免受…… 伤害 名词形式：protection 保护 例句：We wear masks to protect ourselves. 我们戴口罩保护自己。 拓展：protect our environment 保护环境 知识点剖析： 1. We need to wash hands for ______ 40 seconds. A. at last B. at least C. at most D. at once 2. You should avoid ______ your face with dirty hands. A. touch B. touching C. to touch D. touched 3. We wear masks to ______ ourselves. A. protect B. keep C. avoid D. prevent 4. Please stay home ______ when you are sick. A. as much as possible B. at least C. at most D. at last 知识点练习： 1. 答案：B 解析：at least 至少；at last 最后；at most 至多；at once 立刻。句意：洗手至少 40 秒。 2. 答案：B 解析：固定搭配 avoid doing sth. 避免做某事，avoid 后只能加动名词。 3. 答案：A 解析：protect oneself 保护自己。keep 保持；avoid 避免；prevent 阻止。 4. 答案：A 解析：as much as possible 尽可能。句意：生病时尽量居家休息。 知识点练习： 5. You should ______ a mask when you go out. A. put B. wear C. dress D. in 6. We should keep the flu ______. A. away B. from C. out D. off 知识点练习： 5.答案：B 解析：wear a mask 戴口罩，wear 强调穿戴状态；put 后要加 on；dress 后面接人；in 是介词不能直接作谓语。 6. 答案：A 解析：keep … away 使…… 远离；keep the flu away 远离流感，固定短语。。 知识点练习： 流感病毒在秋冬季节最为常见。流感季的具体时间和持续时长会有所不同。流感会使很多人患病。下面是一些帮你远离流感的建议。 1. 勤洗手：经常用肥皂和流水洗手至少40 秒，尤其是去过公共场所之后。 2. 佩戴口罩：外出时戴上口罩，比如去超市购物或者乘坐公共交通出行。 3. 每日清洁并消毒经常触碰的物体表面，包括桌子、开关、把手、手机、键盘、马桶和洗手池。 4. 避免与病人密切接触。尽可能居家。保持社交距离来保护你自己。 译文 Listen and circle. 听录音，标红各条预防流感建议中的关键词 Flu viruses are most common in autumn and winter. The exact timing and duration of flu season can vary. Flu can make many people sick. Here are some tips to help you keep the flu away. Wash your hands often with soap and water for at least 40 seconds, especially after you have been in a public place. Wear a mask when you are going out, for example, to do the shopping in the supermarket or to travel on public transport. Clean and disinfect frequently touched surfaces daily, which include tables, switches, handles, phones, keyboards, toilets and sinks. Avoid close contact with people who are sick. Stay at home as much as possible. Maintain social distancing to protect yourself. 2 Search and share. 上网搜索更多预防流感的建议，并与同学们分享。 Flu can make people feel weak. There are some tips from experts. We should do exercise every day and drink plenty of water. These tips are helpful, because they can help us keep the flu away. Read and circle 读用药注意事项，标红禁忌事项。 CAUTION: 注意： ◆ Do not exceed the recommended dose. ◆ Pills should be swallowed whole with plenty of water. ◆ This medicine may make you sleepy or dizzy. Do not drive or use dangerous machinery. ◆ Do not take medicine with alcohol. Suggested dosage: 推荐用量 2 to 3 pills each time, three times a day or as directed by the doctor. Read and circle 读用药注意事项，标红禁忌事项。 CAUTION: 注意： ◆ Do not exceed the recommended dose. ◆ Pills should be swallowed whole with plenty of water. ◆ This medicine may make you sleepy or dizzy. Do not drive or use dangerous machinery. ◆ Do not take medicine with alcohol. Suggested dosage: 推荐用量 2 to 3 pills each time, three times a day or as directed by the doctor. Around the World Questions 1. What do you know about Zhong Nanshan? 2. Why did Tu Youyou and Alexander Fleming win the Nobel Prize? Throughout history, humans have had to fight against infectious diseases. Major outbreaks, such as the 1918 flu pandemic, Ebola and SARS, are recorded in history. Whenever there is a disaster, there is always someone who comes forward. Zhong Nanshan, the “SARS hero”, is also the leading figure in China’s fight against COVID-19. To curb the spread of the virus, he has worked tirelessly in the front line to counter（对抗）the epidemic, and has given guidance to the general public. He is a role model for doctors. Tu Youyou is a Chinese scientist who managed to extract artemisinin（青蒿素）from a Chinese herb. This drug is very effective against malaria, and has saved millions of people. In 2015, she won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for her discovery. Alexander Fleming was a Scottish scientist. He discovered penicillin（青霉素）, which can cure various diseases. In 1945, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his contribution to medicine. Zhong Nanshan, Tu Youyou, Alexander Fleming and many others have saved countless people and changed the course of history. They are the heroes of humankind. Learning strategy 平时多了解各方面的信息对阅读会有所帮助。如果你知道屠呦呦因发现青蒿素而获诺贝尔生理学或医学奖，就可推测出 artemisinin 的含义。 重点单词 & 短语 1.fight against infectious diseases 对抗传染病 2. come forward 挺身而出 3.leading figure 领军人物 4. curb the spread of the virus 遏制病毒传播 5.work tirelessly 不懈工作 6. in the front line 在一线 7. counter the epidemic 抗击疫情 8.give guidance to the general public 向大众提供指导 9.a role model 榜样 10.millions of people 数百万人 11.cure various diseases 治愈多种疾病 12.countless people 无数人 译文： 纵观历史，人类一直在与传染病作斗争。历史上记载了数次重大疫情，例如 1918 年大流感、埃博拉和非典。每当灾难来临，总会有人挺身而出。 钟南山，“非典英雄”，也是中国抗击新冠疫情的领军人物。为遏制病毒传播，他不知疲倦地奋战在抗疫一线，并向广大民众提供指导。他是医生们的榜样。 屠呦呦是一位中国科学家，她成功从中草药中提取青蒿素。这种药物对疟疾十分有效，拯救了数百万人的生命。2015 年，她因这一发现获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 亚历山大・弗莱明是苏格兰科学家。他发现了青霉素，青霉素可以治愈多种疾病。1945 年，他因其在医学上的贡献被授予诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。 钟南山、屠呦呦、亚历山大・弗莱明以及许许多多其他的人拯救了无数生命，改变了历史进程。他们是人类的英雄。 开篇问题参考答案 1.Zhong Nanshan is the "SARS hero" and a leader in China’s fight against COVID-19. He is a role model for doctors. 2.Tu Youyou won it for discovering artemisinin. Alexander Fleming won it for discovering penicillin. THANKS FOR WATCHING null 79595.055 null 62692.605 null 61255.945 null 47908.066 176257.55 $