Unit 3 语法 形容词副词比较级 2026-2027学年人教版英语八年级上册

Unit 3 Amazing Plants and Animals 单元语法和写作讲解 语法：形容词和副词比较级 一、定义：形容词和副词的比较级是英语语法中用于比较两个人或事物之间性质、特征或动作程度差异的一种形式。通过比较级，我们能够清晰地表达出一方在某方面比另一方更具某种特质或程度更高。 二、形容词、副词比较级的构成： 规则变化： 1.一般情况下，直接在形容词或副词后直接 +er。 如： “tall”（高的）变为 “taller”（更高的）; “fast”（快地）变为 “faster”（更快地） 2.以不发音的 -e 结尾的单词，直接 +r。 如： “nice”（好的）变为 “nicer”（更好的）; “ late”（晚的）变为 “ later”（更晚的） 3.以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的单词，变 y 为 i，再 +er。 如： “happy”（开心的）变为 “happier”（更开心的）;“early”（早地）变为 “earlier”（更早地） 4.以重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再 +er 。 如： “big”（大的）变为“bigger”（更大的）; “hot”（热的）变为“hotter”（更热的） “thin”（瘦的）变为“thinner”（更瘦的）; fat”（肥的）变为“fatter”（更肥的） 5.部分双音节和多音节单词，在前面+ more 。 如： “outgoing”（外向的）变为 “more outgoing”（更外向的）; “beautiful”（美丽的）变为 “more beautiful”（更美丽的）; “seriously”（严肃地）变为 “more seriously”（更严肃地） 不规则变化：有一些形容词和副词的比较级变化是不规则的，需要特殊记忆。 good/well（好的）→____________（更好的） bad/badly/ill（糟糕的）→_____________（更糟糕的） many/much（多的）→____________（更多的） little（少的）→____________（更少的） old（老的）→____________（年长的;更旧的）/____________(年长的) far（远的）→_____________（更远的，侧重于距离）/____________（更远 的，更侧重于程度） 【即学即用】写出下列单词的比较级形式 1.tall →____________ 2. smart →____________ 3. hard →____________ 4.lazy →____________ 5. funny →____________ 6. early →____________ 7.nice →____________ 8. large →_____________ 9. fine →____________ 10. serious →________11. clearly →____________12. outgoing →____________ 13. good/well →________14. many/much →________ 15. bad/badly →________ 三、形容词、副词比较级句型用法： 1. A+be+形容词比较级+than+BA比B更…… A+实义动词+副词比较级+than+B Eg. Tom runs faster than I. 汤姆跑得比我快。 Tom is taller than I. 汤姆比我高。 2.“the+比较级+ of the two”意为“两者中比较……的” Eg. Lisa is the quicker of the two. 莉萨是两个人中比较快的那个。 3.“比较级+and+比较级”或“more and more +形容词/副词原级”，表示“越来越……”（重点） Eg.After the New Year, the day is becoming warmer and warmer. 新年过后，天气变得越来越暖和。 Chinese is becoming more and more popular. 汉语变得越来越受欢迎了。 4.“The +比较级，the +比较级”，表示“越……，就越……” Eg.The more you read, the faster you will be.你读得越多，你的速度就会越快。 5.“Which/Who ... +比较级，A or B?”，表示“A和B，哪一个更/谁更……?” Eg.Which book is better, this one or that one? 哪本书更好，这本还是那本？ 6.“A... +倍数+比较级+ than + B”，表示“A是B的多少倍” Eg.Our school is twice bigger than yours. 我们学校比你们学校大两倍。 四、可修饰比较级的词 当表示一方超过另一方的“程度”时，可以用much, a lot, a little, a bit, even, far等来修饰形容词比较级。注意：比较级不能用very, so, too等修饰。 Eg.He is much more serious than his brother. 他比他弟弟稳重多了。 This book is even more useful than that one. 这本书甚至比那本更有用。 Can you come to school a little earlier tomorrow morning? 明天早上你能早点来学校吗？ 【记忆口诀】两多（much, a lot）两少（a little, a bit）一甚至（even），还有一个远（far）去了。 【即学即用】比较级句型练习。 1. This park is __________ (clean) than it was one year ago. 2. She speaks English ___________ (clear) than her partner. 3. This is the ___________ (cheap) of the two‑in‑one pens. 4. The __________ (hard) you work, the __________ (good) results you will get. 5. The ____________ (care) you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 6. Which is _____________ (important), health or grades? 7. This room is twice ___________ (big) than that small one. 8. He feels much ___________(relax) after taking a walk. 9. Her new friend is even ____________ (outgoing) than we expected. 10. Nowadays, this kind of sport is becoming more and more __________(popular) among teenagers. 11. With plenty of practice, his spoken English is getting __________(good) and __________ (good). 课后练习 1． 单句语法填空。 1. I didn’t do very well in this exam. Unluckily, he did it __________(badly). 2. The museum is as __________ (beautiful) as the theatre.（原级） 3. The city is __________ (noisy) than the small town. 4. Jack draws ___________ (careful) than his younger brother. 5. This is the ____________ (expensive) of the two notebooks. 6. When summer comes, it becomes__________ (hot) and __________ (hot). 7. Life is becoming _________________ (meaningful) for teenagers than before. 8. The __________ (much) you read, the __________ (wide) your mind will be. 9. .The __________(early) we take action to protect our environment, the __________(good) it will be for our future. 10. Which is ____________ (useful), books or videos? 11. His new bag is three times ___________(heavy) than mine. 12. The task is even ____________(difficult) than we imagined. 13. The little girl becomes much ___________(healthy) than before. 14. They should have a __________ (far) discussion if they want to solve the problem completely. 15. She thinks __________(quick) than other classmates when meeting difficulties 16. You will have __________ (little) free time as your studies get busier. 17. We need __________ (far) discussion to solve this problem. 18. After doing sports for months, he becomes much __________ (thin). 二．完成句子。 1. 我的同桌比我更加勤奋和更加外向。 _________________________________________________________________ 2. 我现在比起两年前学习英语更努力了。 _________________________________________________________________ 3. 这部电影甚至比我们预想的更精彩。（even修饰比较级） _________________________________________________________________ 4. 春天到来，白天变得越来越长。 _________________________________________________________________ 5. 你锻炼得越多，你的身体就会越强壮。 _________________________________________________________________ 6. 如今，线上课堂在学生当中越来越受欢迎。 _________________________________________________________________ 7. 我们需要进一步的交流来解决问题。 _________________________________________________________________ 8. 这座大厅是那间小屋的两倍大。 _________________________________________________________________ 9. 我最要好的朋友拉里就与我相当不同，他比我高大而且更加外向。 _________________________________________________________________ 10. 然而，拉里经常能够帮我激发出自己的所能，所以我的网球也打得越来越好。 _________________________________________________________________ 3． 语法填空。 Do you know Xi Yangyang and Le Rongrong, the cute ____26____ (star) from the 15th National Games (全运会)?” They are the mascots (吉祥物) of this event. These mascots are ____27____ (actual) based on the Chinese white dolphin, which is a very special animal in the ocean. Chinese white dolphins are one of the ____28____ (important) animals and they are called “pandas of the sea” in China. The Pearl River Delta area near Hong Kong, Macao and Guangdong is the home ____29____ white dolphins. These dolphins have a really interesting habit. When they swim and move actively, their white skin turns pink ____30____ their blood vessels (血管) are filled with more blood. That’s why our mascots come in two colors—white and pink. The white one shows the dolphin’s normal color, while the pink one shows how they look when they’re playing. So the pink one is ____31____ (outgoing) than the white one. He is always busy ____32____ (dance), rolling and running. People love them so much that they’ve given them ____33____ funny nickname (绰号) “Big Bay Chicken”. What makes these mascots even more special is knowing who are inside the costumes. ____34____ fact, they’re students, aged 12~16, from martial arts schools. These kids worked really hard to bring the mascots to life. They ____35____ (practice) doing spins, jumps, and arm swings in front of mirrors over 2000 times daily during September and October. I think Xi Yangyang and Le Rongrong are wonderful mascots because they teach us about protecting nature, working together, and finding joy in sports. 4． 完形填空。 What makes a child want to become a scientist? For 10-year-old Jane Goodall, it was her wish to live with ____16____. With that dream in mind, she spent her life as a friend to chimpanzees (黑猩猩). On 1 October 2025, she passed away at the age of 91. Goodall began studying chimpanzees in Africa at 26. To better learn about their lives, she sat for hours near these wild animals. She named chimps and found they are much like humans: they make and use ____17____; they feel happy, sad or scared; they show love and sometimes violence (暴力). Thanks to her findings, we now see chimps as ____18____ and social animals. Goodall did all she could to ____19____ chimps and other animals. She wrote books, set up help groups and gave speeches worldwide. In 1977, she started the Jane Goodall Institute, which works to protect chimpanzees, wildlife (野生动物) and the ____20____. Sometimes people would ask her which she liked ____21____: chimps or people? She said, “I like some people much more than some chimps and some chimps much more than some people.” It’s not fair to compare humans with animals, but Goodall’s work made us ____22____ their connection deeply. Facing many difficulties, she lived in a ____23____ African village for years without modern facilities (设施), yet never gave up. Her effort to protect animals inspired millions. Many young people were ____24____ by her story and followed her steps in animal or environmental care. Her words “Every individual (个人) can make a difference” ____25____ remind us that small actions change the world. 16 A. plants B. animals C. persons 17. A. tools B. rules C. signs 18. A. lazy B. smart C. quiet 19. A. protect B. invite C. punish 20. A. condition B. accident C. ecosystem 21. A. worse B. easier C. better 22. A. think about B. look for C. hear from 23. A. hard-working B. outgoing C. faraway 24. A. touched B. changed C. trained 25. A. loudly B. clearly C. suddenly 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $Unit 3 Amazing Plants and Animals 单元语法和写作讲解 语法：形容词和副词比较级 一、定义：形容词和副词的比较级是英语语法中用于比较两个人或事物之间性质、 特征或动作程度差异的一种形式。通过比较级，我们能够清晰地表达出一方在某 方面比另一方更具某种特质或程度更高。 二、形容词、副词比较级的构成： 规则变化： 1.一般情况下，直接在形容词或副词后直接+er。 如：tall?(高的)变为taller'?(更高的)；fast?(快地)变为faster”(更快 地) 2.以不发音的-e结尾的单词，直接+r。 如：ice”(好的)变为"nicer”(更好的)；late”(晚的)变为“later?(更晚 的) 3.以辅音字母+y”结尾的单词，变y为i,再+er。 如：happy'”(开心的)变为happier'”(更开心的)；“early”(早地)变为“earlier” (更早地) 4.以重读闭音节，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写该辅音字母，再+er。 如：big”(大的)变为pigger'”（更大的)，hot?(热的)变为hotter'”（更热的) hin”(瘦的)变为hinner”(更瘦的)；fat（肥的)变为fatter?”（更肥的) 5.部分双音节和多音节单词，在前面+moe。 如：outgoing?”（外向的)变为more outgoing”（更外向的)，beautiful”(美 丽的)变为more beautiful”（更美丽的)；seriously?”（严肃地)变为more seriously”(更严肃地) 不规则变化：有一些形容词和副词的比较级变化是不规则的，需要特殊记忆。 good/wel（好的)→better（更好的) bad/bady/il(糟糕的)→worse (更糟糕的) many/much（多的)→more（更多的) 1itle(少的)→1ess(更少的) old(老的)→older（年长的；更I旧的)/elder(年长的) far(远的)→farther”?（更远的，侧重于距离)/further”（更远的，更侧重 于程度) 【即学即用】写出下列单词的比较级形式 1.tall→taller 2.smat→sma1ter 3.hard→harder 4.lazy→_1 azier 5.fny→_funnier_ 6.early→_earlier 7.ice→_icer 8.large→la1ger 9.fine→fner 10.serious->more serious 1l.clearly→1 nore clearly12.outgoing→_more outgoing l3.good/wel→better_ 14.many/much more 15. bad/badly→worse 三、形容词、副词比较级句型用法： 1.A+be+形容词比较级+than+B A比B更… A+实义动词+副词比较级+han+B Eg.Tom runs faster than I.汤姆跑得比我快。 Tom is taller than I.汤姆比我高。 2.he十比较级+of the two意为两者中比较...的 2 Eg.Lisa is the quicker of the two.莉萨是两个人中比较快的那个。 3.c比较级+and+比较级或more and more+形容词/副词原级”，表示越来越...” (☑重点) Eg.After the New Year,the day is becoming warmer and warmer..新年过后，天气变 得越来越暖和。 Chinese is becoming more and more popular.汉语变得越来越受欢迎了。 4.The十比较级，he+比较级”，表示越...，就越...” Eg.The more you read,the faster you will be.你读得越多，你的速度就会越快。 5.Which/Whe0+比较级，AorB?”,表示A和B,哪一个更/谁更..？” Eg.Which book is better,this one or that one?哪本书更好，这本还是那本？ 6.“A.+倍数+比较级+than+B”,表示“A是B的多少倍， Eg.Our school is twice bigger than yours..我们学校比你们学校大两倍。 四、可修饰比较级的词 当表示一方超过另一方的程度时，可以用much,alot,a little,abit,even,far 等来修饰形容词比较级。注意：比较级不能用vey,so,too等修饰。 Eg.He is much more serious than his brother.他比他弟弟稳重多了。 This book is even more useful than that one.这本书甚至比那本更有用。 Can you come to school a little earlier tomorrow morning?明天早上你能早点来 学校吗？ 【记忆口诀】两多(mmch,alot)两少（a little,abit)一甚至(even),还有一个 远（far)去了。 【即学即用】比较级句型练习。 1.This park is cleaner (clean)than it was one year ago. 2.She speaks English more clearly (clear)than her partner. 3.This is the cheaper (cheap)of the two-in-one pens. 4.The harder (hard)you work,the better (good)results you will get. 5.The more careful (care)you are,the fewer mistakes you will make. 6. Which is more important (important),health or grades? 7.This room is twice bigger (big)than that small one. 8.He feels much more relaxed (relax)after taking a walk. 9.Her new friend is even more outgoing (outgoing)than we expected. 10.Nowadays,this kind of sport is becoming more and more popular (popular)among teenagers. 11.With plenty of practice,his spoken English is getting better (good)and better (good) 课后练习 一.单句语法填空。 1.I didn't do very well in this exam.Unluckily,he did it worse(badly) 2.The museum is as beautiful 。(beautiful)as the theatre.(原级) 3.The city is noisier (noisy)than the small town. 4.Jack draws more carefully (careful)than his younger brother 5.This is the more expensive (expensive)of the two notebooks 6.When summer comes,it becomes hotter (hot)and hotter (hot). 7.Life is becoming more and more meaningful (meaningful)for teenagers than before 8.The more (much)you read,the wider (wide)your mind will be. 9..The earlier(early)we take action to protect our environment,the better(good)it will be for our future. 10.Whichis more useful (useful),books or videos? 11.His new bag is three times heavier (heavy)than mine. 12.The task is even more difficult (difficult)than we imagined. 13.The little girl becomes much healthier (healthy)than before 14.They should have a farther (far)discussion if they want to solve the problem completely 15.She thinks more quickly(quick)than other classmates when meeting difficulties 16.You will have less (little)free time as your studies get busier 17.We need further (far)discussion to solve this problem. 18.After doing sports for months,he becomes much thinner(thin) 二.完成句子。 1.我的同桌比我更加勤奋和更加外向。 My deskmate is more hard-working and outgoing than me. 2.我现在比起两年前学习英语更努力了。 I study/learn English harder than I did two years ago. 3.这部电影甚至比我们预想的更精彩。(even修饰比较级) 5 The movie is even more wonderful than we expected. 4.春天到来，白天变得越来越长。 When spring comes,the days are getting longer and longer. 5.你锻炼得越多，你的身体就会越强壮。 The more you exercise,the stronger your body will become. 6.如今，线上课堂在学生当中越来越受欢迎。 Nowadays,online classes are more and more popular among students. 7.我们需要进一步的交流来解决问题。 We need further communication to solve the problem. 8.这座大厅是那间小屋的两倍大。 This hall is twice bigger than that small room. 9.我最要好的朋友拉里就与我相当不同，他比我高大而且更加外向。 My best friend Larry is quite different from me.He is taller than me and more outgoing 10.然而，拉里经常能够帮我激发出自己的所能，所以我的网球也打得越来越好。 However,Larry often helps to bring out the best in me.So I'm getting better and better at tennis 三.语法填空。 Do you know Xi Yangyang and Le Rongrong,the cute26(star)from the15 th National Games(全运会)？They are the mascots(吉祥物)of this event These mascots are 27(actual)based on the Chinese white dolphin. which is a very special animal in the ocean.Chinese white dolphins are one of the 28 (important)animals and they are called "pandas of the sea"in China. The Pearl River Delta area near Hong Kong,Macao and Guangdong is the home 29 white dolphins.These dolphins have a really interesting habit.When they swim and move actively,their white skin turns pink 30 their blood vessels (are filled with more blood.That's why our mascots come in two colors-white and pink.The white one shows the dolphin's normal color,while the pink one shows how they look when they're playing.So the pink one is 31 (outgoing)than the white one.He is always busy 32 (dance),rolling and running.People love them so much that they've given them 33 funny nickname(绰号)Big Bay Chicken”. What makes these mascots even more special is knowing who are inside the costumes.34 fact,they're students,aged 12~16,from martial arts schools. These kids worked really hard to bring the mascots to life.They 35(practice) doing spins,jumps,and arm swings in front of mirrors over 2000 times daily during September and October. I think Xi Yangyang and Le Rongrong are wonderful mascots because they teach us about protecting nature,working together,and finding joy in sports. 【答案】26.stars 27.actually 28.most important 29.to 30.because 31.more outgoing 32.dancing 33.a 34.n 35.practiced 【解析】 > 【导语】本文主要介绍了第十五届全国运动会的吉祥物。 【26题详解】 句意：你知道第十五届全运会上的可爱明星喜洋洋和乐融融吗？str明星”，此 处指的是两个吉祥物，用名词复数形式。故填stars。. 【27题详解】 句意：这些吉祥物实际上是以中华白海豚为原型的，这种海洋生物非常特别。此 处用actual实际的的副词形式actually实际上修饰动词based。故填actually。 【28题详解】 句意：中华白海豚是最重要的动物之一，在中国被称为海洋熊猫？。one of+he+ 形容词最高级+名词复数，意为“最…的…之一”，此处用形容词important重 要的的最高级形式。故填most important。. 【29题详解】 句意：位于香港、澳门和广东附近的珠江三角洲地区是白海豚的栖息地。此处表 示白海豚的栖息地，be home to...…的家园”。故填to。 【30题详解】 句意：当它们游泳和活动时，它们的白色皮肤会变成粉红色，因为血管里充盈着 更多的血液。两句之间是因果关系，前果后因，用because因为引导原因状语 从句。故填because。 【31题详解】 句意：所以粉色的比白色的更外向。根据han”可知，此处用形容词outgoing“?外 向的比较级形式。故填more outgoing。 【32题详解】 句意：他总是忙着跳舞、翻滚和奔跑。be busy doing sth忙于做某事”，此处用动 词dance?跳舞的动名词形式。故填dancing。 【33题详解】 句意：人们如此喜爱它们，以至于给它们起了个有趣的绰号一“大湾鸡”。根据 “given them..funny nickname''可知，此处泛指一个名字，用不定冠词，fnny以 辅音音素开头，不定冠词用a。故填a。 【34题详解】 句意：事实上，他们是12至16岁的武术学校学生。in fact事实上”。故填In。 【35题详解】 句意：在九月和十月的训练中，他们每天对着镜子练习旋转、跳跃和手臂摆动动 作，累计超过2000次。根据These kids worked really hard to bring the mascots to life.可知，时态为一般过去时，此处用动词practice练习的过去式形式。故填 practiced.。 四.完型填空。 What makes a child want to become a scientist?For 10-year-old Jane Goodall,it was her wish to live with 16.With that dream in mind,she spent her life as a fiiend to chimpanzees ()On 1 October 2025,she passed away at the age of 91 Goodall began studying chimpanzees in Africa at 26.To better learn about their lives,she sat for hours near these wild animals.She named chimps and found they are much like humans:they make and use 17;they feel happy,sad or scared; they show love and sometimes violence ()Thanks to her findings,we now see chimps as 18 and social animals. Goodall did all she could to 19 chimps and other animals.She wrote books,set up help groups and gave speeches worldwide.In 1977,she started the Jane Goodall Institute,.which works to protect chimpanzees,wildlife(野生动物)and the 20 9 Sometimes people would ask her which she liked 21 chimps or people? She said,"I like some people much more than some chimps and some chimps much more than some people."It's not fair to compare humans with animals,but Goodall's work made us 22 their connection deeply Facing many difficulties,she lived in a 23 Afiican village for years without modern facilities ()yet never gave up.Her effort to protect animals inspired millions.Many young people were 24 by her story and followed her steps in animal or environmental care.Her words "Every individual (can make a difference" 25 _remind us that small actions change the world. 16 A.plants B.animals C.persons 17.A.tools B.rules C.signs 18.A.lazy B.smart C.quiet 19.A.protect B.invite C.punish 20.A.condition B.accident C.ecosystem 21.A.worse B.easier C.better 22.A.think about B.look for C.hear from 23.A.hard-working B.outgoing C.faraway 24.A.touched B.changed C.trained 25.A.loudly B.clearly C.suddenly 【答案】16.B 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.C 21.C22.A 23. 24.A 25.B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了著名灵长类学家简·古道尔博士毕生研究黑猩猩、保护 野生动物及其栖息地的感人故事，以及她如何激励年轻一代关注环境保护。 10 【16题详解】 句意：对于10岁的简·古道尔来说，和动物生活在一起是她的愿望。 plants植物；animals动物；persons人。根据she spent her life as a fiiend to chimpanzees(黑猩猩).可知，她的梦想与黑猩猩有关，黑猩猩属于动物。故选B。 【17题详解】 句意：她发现黑猩猩会制造和使用工具。 tools工具；les规则；signs标志。根据常识可知，简·古道尔的著名发现之一就 是黑猩猩会制造和使用工具。故选A。 【18题详解】 句意：得益于她的发现，我们现在将黑猩猩视为聪明且具有社会性的动物。 lazy懒惰的；smat聪明的；quiet安静的。根据上文they are much like humans'” 以及黑猩猩会制造和使用工具可知，黑猩猩是聪明的。故选B。 【19题详解】 句意：古道尔竭尽全力去保护黑猩猩和其他动物。 protect保护；invite邀请：punish惩罚。根据She wrote books,.set up help groups and gave speeches worldwide.In 1977,she started the Jane Goodall Institute,which works to protect chimpanzees可知，古道尔的目的是保护黑猩猩和其他动物。故 选A。 【20题详解】 句意：1977年，她创立了简·古道尔研究会，该机构致力于保护黑猩猩、野生动 物和生态系统。 condition条件；accident事故；ecosystem生态系统。根据常识可知，环境保护 工作常涉及生态系统保护。故选C。 【21题详解】 11 句意：有时人们会问她更喜欢哪个：黑猩猩还是人？ worse更差；easier更容易；better更好。根据I like some people much more than some chimps and some chimps much more than some people.可知，此处是询问古 道尔更喜欢人类还是更喜欢黑猩猩。询问个人偏好时用ike.better?”表示更喜 欢”。故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：将人类与动物相比较并不公平，但古道尔的工作让我们深入思考它们之间 的联系。 think about思考；look for寻找；hear from收到来信。根据their connection deeply” 可知，此处强调古道尔的工作引发人们对人与动物关系的深思。故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：面对重重困难，她在一个遥远的非洲村庄里生活了多年，那里没有现代设 施，但她从未放弃。 hard-working勤奋的；outgoing外向的；faraway遥远的。根据without modem facilities(设施)可知，这是一个遥远的非洲村庄。故选C。 【24题详解】 句意：许多年轻人被她的故事感动，并追随她的脚步，投身于动物和环境保护。 touched感动：changed改变；trained训练。根据"Her effort to protect animals inspired millions.”以及followed her steps in animal or environmental care'”可知，很多人被 古道尔的故事感动，因此投身于动物和环境保护。故选A。 【25题详解】 句意：她的话每个人都能发挥作用”清楚地提醒我们，微小的行动也能改变世界。 loudly大声地：clearly清楚地；suddenly突然地。根据remind us that small actions change the world可知，此处需填副词修饰动词。clearly清楚地强调名言的影响 力持久且明确，其他选项与提醒搭配不合理。故选B。 12 云