Unit 5 Power of Ideas（复习讲义）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

Unit 5 Power of Ideas（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 话题表达：围绕发明、创造与思想的力量展开交流，谈论物品的发明历史，介绍发明物的用途与影响。 2. 词汇短语：积累发明、创造者、材料、用途相关单词与固定搭配。 3. 语法掌握：掌握一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态，分清被动语态的基本结构，理解主动语态与被动语态的转换规则。 4. 写作运用：在介绍发明类短文中合理使用被动语态，清晰描述物品的发明时间、制造者和功能。 复习重难点 重点：掌握一般现在时、一般过去时被动语态的基本结构；牢记被动语态be动词随时态和人称变化。 难点：区分什么时候用主动语态、什么时候用被动语态；主动句变被动句的句式转换，以及在语境中正确选用两种时态的被动语态。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：invent 单词变形：invent v.发明；编造 → invention n.发明；创造 → inventor n.发明家 【固定搭配】 ① invent sth 发明某物 ② invent a story 编造故事 ③ the invention of ……的发明 【易错辨析】 invent：发明（创造出原本不存在的新东西） discover：发现（找到本来就存在，但之前不为人知的事物） 例：Edison invented the light bulb. 爱迪生发明了灯泡。 Columbus discovered America. 哥伦布发现美洲大陆。 【即时小练】 ① The ______ of the laptop greatly changed our daily life. (invent) ② Scientists ______ a new kind of machine last year. (invent/discover二选一) 知识点2：produce 单词变形：produce v.生产；产生；繁育 → product n.产品（可数，多指工业产品）→ production n.生产；制作（不可数，指生产过程）→ producer n.生产者 【固定搭配】 ① produce sth 生产某物；产生（效果/能量） ② produce a result / effect 产生成效/影响 ③ the production of ……的生产 【拓展同义短语】 make sth 制造某物（普通用词）；manufacture sth（大批量工业制造） 【即时小练】 ① This factory ______ toys for children every year. (produce) ② The ______ of these goods costs much energy. (produce) 知识点3：suppose 单词变形：suppose v.认为；推断 → supposed adj.假定的 【固定搭配】 ① be supposed to do sth 应当/被期望做某事（=should do，九年级高频） ② be supposed to be… 应当是…… ③ I suppose so. 我认为是这样。否定：I don’t suppose so. 【易错提醒】 be supposed to 的否定形式：be not supposed to do 不应该做（禁止） 【即时小练】 ① We ______ ______ ______finish our report before Friday. (suppose) ② You ______ ______ ______ touch the machine. It’s dangerous. (not suppose) 知识点4：responsible 单词变形：responsible adj.有责任的 → responsibility n.责任；职责 【固定搭配】 ① be responsible for sth 对某事负责；引起某事 ② take responsibility for… 承担……的责任 【同义短语拓展】 be in charge of 负责；掌管 【易错辨析】 be responsible for：主语是人，对事情/后果负责 be responsible to sb：向某人负责 【即时小练】 ① As group leader, you should be ______ for the whole project. (responsibility) ② He took ______ for the terrible mistake. (responsible) 知识点5：complete 单词变形：complete v.完成；结束 adj.完全的；彻底的 → completely adv.完全地 【固定搭配】 ① complete the task / project 完成任务/项目 ② a complete success 圆满成功 【同义辨析】complete & finish complete：侧重完成较宏大、需要时间的工程/项目； finish：普通用词，侧重做完日常小事（作业、吃饭）。 【即时小练】 ① They ______ the tunnel after three years’ hard work. (complete) ② The plan was ______ changed by the bad news. (complete) 知识点6：afford 单词变形：afford v.买得起；承担得起；能做 【固定搭配】 ✅ afford sth 负担得起某物 ✅ afford to do sth 负担得起做某事 ⚠️ 易错：afford 常和情态动词 can / could / be able to 连用，不单独使用 【同义替换】have enough money/time to do sth 【即时小练】 ① The poor family can’t afford ______ such an expensive laptop. (buy) ② Few people can afford such a big house in the city.（英译汉） 【答案】① to buy ② 在这座城市里，很少有人能买得起这么大的房子。 知识点7：lead to 【固定搭配】 ① lead to 导致；造成（to是介词，后面 + n./doing，九年级高频考点！） ② lead sb to + 地点：带领某人去某地 ③ lead sb to do sth 使某人做某事 【同义短语拓展】 result in 导致（侧重结果）；cause 引起（及物动词，直接加宾语） 【辨析】lead to VS result from lead to + 结果；result from + 原因（由……引起） 【即时小练】 ① Bad habits can lead to ______ in exams. (fail) ② Poor sleep may lead ______ poor grades. 知识点8：result in 【固定搭配】 ① result in 造成；导致（后面接结果） 【拓展辨析】 result in + 结果 → A result in B A造成B result from + 原因 → B result from A B由A引起 同义短语：lead to; cause 【即时小练】 ① Staying up late often results ______ poor health. ② The accident resulted ______ careless driving.（in/from） 知识点9：speed up 【固定搭配】 ① speed up (使)加速 【同结构反义短语】slow down (使)减速 【拓展】pick up speed 提速 【即时小练】 ① We have to ______ ______ the production to meet the market need. (加速) ② The car slowed ______ when it passed the school. 知识点10：suitable 单词变形：suitable adj.合适的；适宜的 → suit v.适合；满足……需要 【固定搭配】 be suitable for sth / sb 适合某物/某人 【同义辨析】suitable & fit suitable：侧重符合条件、适合某种场合； fit：侧重尺寸大小合身，也可指身体健康 be fit for。 【即时小练】 ① This kind of material is suitable ______ making plastic products. ② The coat doesn’t ______ me well. (suitable) 知识点11：birth 单词变形：birth n.起源；诞生 → bear v.生育；出生（过去式bore，过去分词born） 【固定搭配】 ① the birth of ……的诞生 ② at birth 在出生时 ③ give birth to 生育；产生（新事物） 【即时小练】 ① The ______ of the Internet changed the whole world. (bear) ② The cat gave birth______ three baby cats last night. 知识点12：rapid 单词变形：rapid adj.迅速的；瞬间的 → rapidly adv.迅速地；快速地 【固定搭配】 rapid development 快速发展 【同义辨析】rapid / quick / fast rapid：侧重变化、发展速度快（抽象，九年级阅读高频） fast：强调移动速度快（跑、车） quick：强调动作完成快，耗时短 【即时小练】 China has developed ______ in the past years. (rapid) 单元语法：被动语态 英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 1、 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 例如：Many people speak English. 2、被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。 例如：English is spoken by many people. 3、主动句和被动句的对比： 例如：He opened the door. 他开了门。(主动句)        The door was opened. 门被开了。(被动句) 4、被动语态的构成    被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。 肯定句 主语+was/were+过去分词 Jim was told to come early.吉姆被告知早来。 否定句 主语+was/were+not+过去分词 The rice was eaten by the boy this noon.米饭中午被这个男孩吃了。 一般疑问句 was/were+主语+过去分词 Were you asked to go home on time?你被要求按时回家了吗？ 一般现在时的被动语态的句型结构 (1)肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他 The desk is made by him,这张桌子是他做的。 (2)否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他, The desk isn't made by him.这张桌子不是他做的。 (3)一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他? Is the desk made by him? 这张桌子是他做的吗? (4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他? Where is the desk made by him? 这张桌子是他在哪儿做的? （时间：30分钟） 一、单词正确形式填空 1．The new machine was ________ (wide) used in the countryside last year. 2．Papermaking was one of the four great ________ (create) of ancient China. 3．The ________ (invent) of paper made it much easier for people to record ideas. 4．The room is ________ (suit) for our meeting. 5．The great storybook ________ (write) by a young writer last year. 6．Modern technology makes ________ (produce) faster and easier. 7．The man was seen ________ (go) into the room just now. 8．As a result, people in different countries can communicate ________ (much) easily than before. 9．Reading ancient books gives him new ________ (inspire) for creative ideas. 10．With hard work, his ________ (medicine) research made great progress. 二、单词拼写 11．The teacher asked us to write down our main ________ (观点) at the end of the class. 12．This ________ (过程) of turning ideas into reality takes a lot of time and effort. 13．The thing wasn’t ________ (提到) by the old man after that. 14．A large number of students took part in the science ________ (实验) last week. 15．The great ________ (发现) of DNA changed the whole area of medical research. 16．We need to learn different ________ (技能) to develop our creative thinking. 17．The number of people using the internet has grown ________ (迅速地) over the past ten years. 18．Some government ________ (官员) came to check the machine. 19．Modern technology s________ (加速) up the production of new inventions every year. 20．The workers are digging a ________ (隧道) through the mountain. 二、完成句子 21．好的想法往往源自对生活的仔细观察。 Good ideas usually ________ ________ careful observation of life. 22．我们应该学会提出不同的想法来解决问题。 We should learn to ________ ________ __________ different ideas to solve problems. 23．无论遇到什么困难，都不要放弃尝试新想法。 ________ ________ what difficulties you meet, never give up trying new ideas. 24．好的想法在社会发展中起着重要作用。 Good ideas ________ ________ ________ ________ in the development of society. 25．尝试新事物可以帮助我们产生更多新的想法。 Trying new things can help us ________ ________ more new ideas. 26．这座山冬天被厚厚的雪覆盖。 The mountain ________ ________ ________ thick snow in winter. 27．后来, 她意识到没有一个朋友来参加聚会。 ______________, she realized that none of her friends had come to the party. 28．你应该在出发前查一下地图。 You ________ ________ ________ check the map before you leave. 29．她生下了一个健康的女孩。 She ________ ________ ________ a healthy girl. 30．They planted trees yesterday. (改为被动语态) Trees ________ ________ by them yesterday. 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 An AI canteen opened at the Hongqiao community in the Changning district of Shanghai recently. 1 is China’s first community canteen powered by an AI system. The canteen 2 (normal) offers all the eight great cuisines (菜系) of China, and more than 30 kinds 3 breakfast for local old people and office workers. The canteen’s 4 (smart) cooking system and robotic arms can fry, bake, steam, or boil ingredients according to customers’ different 5 (wish). Robotic arms then pack the dishes and change the temperature for dine-in or takeaway. What the diners need 6 (do) is to put their dishes on a smart cashier desk and the system will automatically (自动地) figure out the cost of the meal. Different kinds of payment choices 7 (accept) in the canteen, including facial recognition (人脸识别), bank card, QR codes and digital RMB． The AI system makes sure that the dishes taste nice 8 helps make service better, according to Li Ming, the 9 (own) of Shanghai Xixiang Company. Li explained that a waiter in a traditional canteen can serve dishes for 35 to 100 diners, but with 10 help of the AI system the number increases to 200. 五、阅读理解 There have been many great inventions that changed the way we live. The first great invention was one that is still very important today—the wheel. This made it easier to carry heavy things. Then in the early 1800s, the world started to change. There was little unknown land left in the world. People didn’t have to explore (探测) much anymore. They began to work to make life better. In the second half of the 19th century, many great inventions were made. Among them were the camera, the light and the radio. These all became a big part of our life today. The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions: the helicopter in 1907, movies with sound in 1923, the computer in 1927, and jet planes in 1930. This was also a time when a new material was first made. Nylon (尼龙) came in 1937. It changed the kind of clothes people wear. By this time most people had a very good life, and man had a strong wish to explore again. The world was known to man but the stars were not. Man began looking for ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Then the United States took a step. Since then other countries, including China and Japan, have made their steps into space. New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never yet dreamed of. 1．What made it easier to carry heavy things? A．Wheels. B．Helicopters. C．Computers. D．Cars. 2．Which of the following came out nearly at the same time as jet planes? A．Radio. B．Camera. C．Nylon. D．Light. 3．What can we learn from the text? A．The computer was invented in 1907. B．The camera is still a big part of our life today. C．The US is the first country that went into space. D．People began to explore the unknown land in 1800. 4．Which is the text mainly about? A．Why inventions are necessary. B．What invention is the most useful. C．How inventions influenced people’s life. D．Which country has the most inventions. 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Power of Ideas（复习讲义) 复习要点 1. 话题表达：围绕发明、创造与思想的力量展开交流，谈论物品的发明历史，介绍发明物的用途与影响。 2. 词汇短语：积累发明、创造者、材料、用途相关单词与固定搭配。 3. 语法掌握：掌握一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态，分清被动语态的基本结构，理解主动语态与被动语态的转换规则。 4. 写作运用：在介绍发明类短文中合理使用被动语态，清晰描述物品的发明时间、制造者和功能。 复习重难点 重点：掌握一般现在时、一般过去时被动语态的基本结构；牢记被动语态be动词随时态和人称变化。 难点：区分什么时候用主动语态、什么时候用被动语态；主动句变被动句的句式转换，以及在语境中正确选用两种时态的被动语态。 单元考点：单词、短语、句型 知识点1：invent 单词变形：invent v.发明；编造 → invention n.发明；创造 → inventor n.发明家 【固定搭配】 ① invent sth 发明某物 ② invent a story 编造故事 ③ the invention of ……的发明 【易错辨析】 invent：发明（创造出原本不存在的新东西） discover：发现（找到本来就存在，但之前不为人知的事物） 例：Edison invented the light bulb. 爱迪生发明了灯泡。 Columbus discovered America. 哥伦布发现美洲大陆。 【即时小练】 ① The ______ of the laptop greatly changed our daily life. (invent) ② Scientists ______ a new kind of machine last year. (invent/discover二选一) 【答案】① invention ② invented 知识点2：produce 单词变形：produce v.生产；产生；繁育 → product n.产品（可数，多指工业产品）→ production n.生产；制作（不可数，指生产过程）→ producer n.生产者 【固定搭配】 ① produce sth 生产某物；产生（效果/能量） ② produce a result / effect 产生成效/影响 ③ the production of ……的生产 【拓展同义短语】 make sth 制造某物（普通用词）；manufacture sth（大批量工业制造） 【即时小练】 ① This factory ______ toys for children every year. (produce) ② The ______ of these goods costs much energy. (produce) 【答案】① produces ② production 知识点3：suppose 单词变形：suppose v.认为；推断 → supposed adj.假定的 【固定搭配】 ① be supposed to do sth 应当/被期望做某事（=should do，九年级高频） ② be supposed to be… 应当是…… ③ I suppose so. 我认为是这样。否定：I don’t suppose so. 【易错提醒】 be supposed to 的否定形式：be not supposed to do 不应该做（禁止） 【即时小练】 ① We ______ ______ ______finish our report before Friday. (suppose) ② You ______ ______ ______ touch the machine. It’s dangerous. (not suppose) 【答案】① are supposed to ② aren’t supposed to 知识点4：responsible 单词变形：responsible adj.有责任的 → responsibility n.责任；职责 【固定搭配】 ① be responsible for sth 对某事负责；引起某事 ② take responsibility for… 承担……的责任 【同义短语拓展】 be in charge of 负责；掌管 【易错辨析】 be responsible for：主语是人，对事情/后果负责 be responsible to sb：向某人负责 【即时小练】 ① As group leader, you should be ______ for the whole project. (responsibility) ② He took ______ for the terrible mistake. (responsible) 【答案】① responsible ② responsibility 知识点5：complete 单词变形：complete v.完成；结束 adj.完全的；彻底的 → completely adv.完全地 【固定搭配】 ① complete the task / project 完成任务/项目 ② a complete success 圆满成功 【同义辨析】complete & finish complete：侧重完成较宏大、需要时间的工程/项目； finish：普通用词，侧重做完日常小事（作业、吃饭）。 【即时小练】 ① They ______ the tunnel after three years’ hard work. (complete) ② The plan was ______ changed by the bad news. (complete) 【答案】① completed ② completely 知识点6：afford 单词变形：afford v.买得起；承担得起；能做 【固定搭配】 ✅ afford sth 负担得起某物 ✅ afford to do sth 负担得起做某事 ⚠️ 易错：afford 常和情态动词 can / could / be able to 连用，不单独使用 【同义替换】have enough money/time to do sth 【即时小练】 ① The poor family can’t afford ______ such an expensive laptop. (buy) ② Few people can afford such a big house in the city.（英译汉） 【答案】① to buy ② 在这座城市里，很少有人能买得起这么大的房子。 知识点7：lead to 【固定搭配】 ① lead to 导致；造成（to是介词，后面 + n./doing，九年级高频考点！） ② lead sb to + 地点：带领某人去某地 ③ lead sb to do sth 使某人做某事 【同义短语拓展】 result in 导致（侧重结果）；cause 引起（及物动词，直接加宾语） 【辨析】lead to VS result from lead to + 结果；result from + 原因（由……引起） 【即时小练】 ① Bad habits can lead to ______ in exams. (fail) ② Poor sleep may lead ______ poor grades. 【答案】① failure ② to 知识点8：result in 【固定搭配】 ① result in 造成；导致（后面接结果） 【拓展辨析】 result in + 结果 → A result in B A造成B result from + 原因 → B result from A B由A引起 同义短语：lead to; cause 【即时小练】 ① Staying up late often results ______ poor health. ② The accident resulted ______ careless driving.（in/from） 【答案】① in ② from 知识点9：speed up 【固定搭配】 ① speed up (使)加速 【同结构反义短语】slow down (使)减速 【拓展】pick up speed 提速 【即时小练】 ① We have to ______ ______ the production to meet the market need. (加速) ② The car slowed ______ when it passed the school. 【答案】① speed up ② down 知识点10：suitable 单词变形：suitable adj.合适的；适宜的 → suit v.适合；满足……需要 【固定搭配】 be suitable for sth / sb 适合某物/某人 【同义辨析】suitable & fit suitable：侧重符合条件、适合某种场合； fit：侧重尺寸大小合身，也可指身体健康 be fit for。 【即时小练】 ① This kind of material is suitable ______ making plastic products. ② The coat doesn’t ______ me well. (suitable) 【答案】① for ② suit 知识点11：birth 单词变形：birth n.起源；诞生 → bear v.生育；出生（过去式bore，过去分词born） 【固定搭配】 ① the birth of ……的诞生 ② at birth 在出生时 ③ give birth to 生育；产生（新事物） 【即时小练】 ① The ______ of the Internet changed the whole world. (bear) ② The cat gave birth______ three baby cats last night. 【答案】① birth ② to 知识点12：rapid 单词变形：rapid adj.迅速的；瞬间的 → rapidly adv.迅速地；快速地 【固定搭配】 rapid development 快速发展 【同义辨析】rapid / quick / fast rapid：侧重变化、发展速度快（抽象，九年级阅读高频） fast：强调移动速度快（跑、车） quick：强调动作完成快，耗时短 【即时小练】 China has developed ______ in the past years. (rapid) 【答案】 rapidly 单元语法：被动语态 英语动词有两种语态:主动语态和被动语态。 1、 主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者。 例如：Many people speak English. 2、被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者，即行为动作的对象。 例如：English is spoken by many people. 3、主动句和被动句的对比： 例如：He opened the door. 他开了门。(主动句)        The door was opened. 门被开了。(被动句) 4、被动语态的构成    被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。 一般过去时的被动语态句子结构 肯定句 主语+was/were+过去分词 Jim was told to come early.吉姆被告知早来。 否定句 主语+was/were+not+过去分词 The rice was eaten by the boy this noon.米饭中午被这个男孩吃了。 一般疑问句 was/were+主语+过去分词 Were you asked to go home on time?你被要求按时回家了吗？ 一般现在时的被动语态的句型结构 (1)肯定句:主语 + am/is/are + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他 The desk is made by him,这张桌子是他做的。 (2)否定句:主语 + am/is/are + not + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他, The desk isn't made by him.这张桌子不是他做的。 (3)一般疑问句:Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他? Is the desk made by him? 这张桌子是他做的吗? (4)特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 及物动词的过去分词 + 其他? Where is the desk made by him? 这张桌子是他在哪儿做的? （时间：30分钟） 一、单词正确形式填空 1．The new machine was ________ (wide) used in the countryside last year. 【答案】widely 【详解】句意：这台新机器去年在农村被广泛使用。根据句子结构可知，此处修饰动词“used”，应用副词形式。wide的副词形式为 widely“广泛地”。 2．Papermaking was one of the four great ________ (create) of ancient China. 【答案】creations 【详解】句意：造纸术是中国古代四大发明之一。“one of the+可数名词复数”为固定结构，表示“……之一”；“create”的名词形式为“creation”，意为“创造、发明”，其复数形式为“creations”，故填creations。 3．The ________ (invent) of paper made it much easier for people to record ideas. 【答案】invention 【详解】句意：纸的发明让人们记录想法变得容易得多。the后面接名词，invent是动词，意为“发明”，名词形式是invention，意为“发明物，发明”，故填invention。 4．The room is ________ (suit) for our meeting. 【答案】suitable 【详解】句意：这个房间适合我们开会。结合“is”和“for our meeting”以及提示词suit可知，这里考查固定短语“be suitable for”，意为“适合……”，suitable是形容词，放在be动词后作表语，符合语法和语义要求。 5．The great storybook ________ (write) by a young writer last year. 【答案】was written 【详解】句意：这本精彩的故事书是一位年轻作家去年写的。句中“last year”提示，时态是一般过去时，且主语“The great storybook”与谓语“write”之间是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态“was/were+动词过去分词”，主语是单数，be用was，write的过去分词为written。 6．Modern technology makes ________ (produce) faster and easier. 【答案】production 【详解】句意：现代技术让生产变得更快、更容易。动词makes后需要名词作宾语，produce“生产”，动词，其对应的名词是production，表示“生产”，为不可数名词。 7．The man was seen ________ (go) into the room just now. 【答案】to go 【详解】句意：刚才有人看见这个男人走进房间。see sb. do sth. 转换为被动结构be seen to do sth.，被动语态中不定式的to不能省略，故填to go。 8．As a result, people in different countries can communicate ________ (much) easily than before. 【答案】more 【详解】句意：因此，不同国家的人可以比以前更容易地交流。than before提示此处需用比较级，much的比较级形式是more，填入后与easily构成more easily，表示“更容易地”。 9．Reading ancient books gives him new ________ (inspire) for creative ideas. 【答案】inspiration 【详解】句意：阅读古书为他的创意想法提供了新的灵感。根据括号内提示词inspire，动词“激励、启发”和空前形容词new可知，此处需填名词作gives的直接宾语，表示“灵感、启发”，对应名词inspiration。 10．With hard work, his ________ (medicine) research made great progress. 【答案】medical 【详解】句意：通过努力工作，他的医学研究取得了很大进展。根据括号内提示词medicine，名词“医学、药物”，和空格后名词research可知，此处需填形容词作定语修饰research，表示“医学的”，对应形容词medical。 二、单词拼写 11．The teacher asked us to write down our main ________ (观点) at the end of the class. 【答案】opinions 【详解】句意：老师要求我们在课末写下我们的主要观点。opinion观点，可数名词；句中our（我们的），表示多个观点，用复数opinions。故填opinions。 12．This ________ (过程) of turning ideas into reality takes a lot of time and effort. 【答案】process 【详解】句意：这个把想法变为现实的过程需要大量时间和精力。process“过程”，可数名词；前面有This（这个），后接单数名词。故填process。 13．The thing wasn’t ________ (提到) by the old man after that. 【答案】mentioned 【详解】句意：在那之后，这件事没有被那位老人提起。by the old man提示被动；wasn’t后面接动词过去分词，mention“提到”，其过去分词形式为mentioned。 14．A large number of students took part in the science ________ (实验) last week. 【答案】experiment 【详解】句意：上周很多学生参加了这个科学实验。experiment实验，可数名词， science experiment科学实验；此处“the science experiment”特指这次科学实验，用单数。故填experiment。 15．The great ________ (发现) of DNA changed the whole area of medical research. 【答案】discovery 【详解】句意：DNA的重大发现改变了整个医学研究领域。定冠词“the”后接名词，discovery“发现”，名词；此处指DNA这一项重大发现，用单数形式。故填discovery。 16．We need to learn different ________ (技能) to develop our creative thinking. 【答案】skills 【详解】句意：我们需要学习不同的技能来培养我们的创造性思维。different后接可数名词复数；skill意为“技能”，复数形式为skills。故填skills。 17．The number of people using the internet has grown ________ (迅速地) over the past ten years. 【答案】rapidly 【详解】句意：在过去十年里，使用互联网的人数迅速增长。 此处需要副词修饰动词grown，根据中文提示“迅速地”可知填rapidly。 18．Some government ________ (官员) came to check the machine. 【答案】officers 【详解】句意：一些政府官员来检查这台机器。结合中文提示“官员”以及限定词Some可知，some后接可数名词复数，officer意为“官员”，复数形式officers。 19．Modern technology s________ (加速) up the production of new inventions every year. 【答案】speeds/peeds 【详解】句意：现代技术每年都加速新发明的产出。单词以字母s开头，speed up是固定短语，表示“加速”；主语Modern technology是单数，every year表示一般现在时，所以speed变为speeds，契合句子语境。故填speeds。 20．The workers are digging a ________ (隧道) through the mountain. 【答案】tunnel 【详解】句意：工人们正在穿山开挖一条隧道。根据中文提示“隧道”可知，对应的英文为名词tunnel。空格前有不定冠词a修饰，此处应用可数名词单数形式。 二、完成句子 21．好的想法往往源自对生活的仔细观察。 Good ideas usually ________ ________ careful observation of life. 【答案】 result from 【详解】原句中“源自”是关键词，对应的英文为result from，本句主语“Good ideas”为复数，时态为一般现在时，谓语原形即可。 22．我们应该学会提出不同的想法来解决问题。 We should learn to ________ ________ __________ different ideas to solve problems. 【答案】 come up with 【详解】原句中“提出”是关键词，表示“提出（想法、主意）”的短语是come up with。本句中learn to do sth.为固定搭配，to后接动词原形。故填come；up；with。 23．无论遇到什么困难，都不要放弃尝试新想法。 ________ ________ what difficulties you meet, never give up trying new ideas. 【答案】 No matter 【详解】原句中“无论”是关键词。“无论”后接疑问词引导让步状语从句时，对应的固定表达是No matter，放在句首首字母大写。 24．好的想法在社会发展中起着重要作用。 Good ideas ________ ________ ________ ________ in the development of society. 【答案】 play a key part 【详解】原句中“起着重要作用”是关键词，表示“起着重要作用”的短语是play a key part，句子使用一般现在时，主语Good ideas是复数概念，动词play用原形即可。 25．尝试新事物可以帮助我们产生更多新的想法。 Trying new things can help us ________ ________ more new ideas. 【答案】 bring out 【详解】原句中“产生”是关键词，在此处表示“使产生、激发（新想法）”的短语是bring out。本句中help sb. do sth. 为固定搭配，help后接动词原形。故填bring；out。 26．这座山冬天被厚厚的雪覆盖。 The mountain ________ ________ ________ thick snow in winter. 【答案】 is covered with 【详解】原句中“被……覆盖”是关键词，对应的短语是be covered with；句子陈述一般事实，强调山上有雪这个状态，时态为一般现在时，主语“The mountain”是单数，be动词用is，故填is；covered；with。 27．后来, 她意识到没有一个朋友来参加聚会。 ______________, she realized that none of her friends had come to the party. 【答案】Later on 【详解】原句中“后来”是关键词，表示“后来”的短语是later on。此处放在句首，首字母大写。故填Later on。 28．你应该在出发前查一下地图。 You ________ ________ ________ check the map before you leave. 【答案】 are supposed to 【详解】原句中“应该”是关键词，固定搭配be supposed to do sth.意为“应该做某事”，主语是You，be动词用are，to后接动词原形check，符合语境。 29．她生下了一个健康的女孩。 She ________ ________ ________ a healthy girl. 【答案】 gave birth to 【详解】原句中“生下”是关键词，表示“生下”的短语是give birth to，本句为一般过去时，give的过去式为gave。故填gave；birth；to。 30．They planted trees yesterday. (改为被动语态) Trees ________ ________ by them yesterday. 【答案】 were planted 【详解】句意：他们昨天种树。原句是一般过去时，改为被动语态，结构为“was/were+过去分词”；主语trees是复数，be动词用were，plant的过去分词是planted。故填were；planted。 四、语法填空 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正确形式。 An AI canteen opened at the Hongqiao community in the Changning district of Shanghai recently. 1 is China’s first community canteen powered by an AI system. The canteen 2 (normal) offers all the eight great cuisines (菜系) of China, and more than 30 kinds 3 breakfast for local old people and office workers. The canteen’s 4 (smart) cooking system and robotic arms can fry, bake, steam, or boil ingredients according to customers’ different 5 (wish). Robotic arms then pack the dishes and change the temperature for dine-in or takeaway. What the diners need 6 (do) is to put their dishes on a smart cashier desk and the system will automatically (自动地) figure out the cost of the meal. Different kinds of payment choices 7 (accept) in the canteen, including facial recognition (人脸识别), bank card, QR codes and digital RMB． The AI system makes sure that the dishes taste nice 8 helps make service better, according to Li Ming, the 9 (own) of Shanghai Xixiang Company. Li explained that a waiter in a traditional canteen can serve dishes for 35 to 100 diners, but with 10 help of the AI system the number increases to 200. 【答案】 1．It 2．normally 3．of 4．smart 5．wishes 6．to do 7．are accepted 8．and 9．owner 10．the 【导语】本文主要讲述了上海长宁区虹桥社区开设的中国首个 AI 社区食堂，介绍了其运营模式、功能及优势。 1．句意：它是中国首个由AI系统驱动的社区食堂。根据前文“An AI canteen opened…”可知，此处指代这个AI食堂，应用人称代词主格It。故填It。 2．句意：这个食堂通常提供中国八大菜系，还有30多种早餐供当地老人和上班族选择。此处修饰动词“offers”，应用副词形式，normal的副词是normally。故填normally。 3．句意：这个食堂通常提供中国八大菜系，还有30多种早餐供当地老人和上班族选择。“more than 30 kinds of…”是固定搭配，意为“30 多种……”，故填of。 4．句意：食堂的智能烹饪系统和机械臂可以根据顾客的不同需求煎、烤、蒸或煮食材。此处修饰名词“cooking system”，应用形容词形式，smart本身就是形容词，意为“智能的”。故填smart。 5．句意：食堂的智能烹饪系统和机械臂可以根据顾客的不同需求煎、烤、蒸或煮食材。“different”后接可数名词复数形式，“wish”的复数是“wishes”。故填wishes。 6．句意：用餐者所需要做的就是把菜放在智能收银台上，系统会自动算出餐费。“need to do sth.”是固定搭配，意为“需要做某事”，此“what”引导的主语从句中，“need”后需接不定式“to do”作宾语。故填to do。 7．句意：食堂接受多种支付方式，包括人脸识别、银行卡、二维码或数字人民币。主语“Different kinds of payment choices”和动词“accept”是被动关系，应用被动语态；文章是一般现在时，故填are accepted。 8．句意：上海西厢公司的所有者李明表示，AI系统确保菜品味道好，还能提升服务质量。此处连接“makes sure that the dishes taste nice”和“helps make service better”两个并列的内容，应用并列连词“and”。故填and。 9．句意：上海西厢公司的所有者李明表示，AI系统确保菜品味道好，还能提升服务质量。根据“the….of Shanghai Xixing Company”可知，此处指“所有者”，应用own的名词形式“owner”。故填owner。 10．句意：李解释说，传统食堂的服务员能为35到100名食客上菜，但在AI系统的帮助下，这个数字能增加到200。“with the help of…” 是固定搭配，意为“在……的帮助下”。故填the。 五、阅读理解 There have been many great inventions that changed the way we live. The first great invention was one that is still very important today—the wheel. This made it easier to carry heavy things. Then in the early 1800s, the world started to change. There was little unknown land left in the world. People didn’t have to explore (探测) much anymore. They began to work to make life better. In the second half of the 19th century, many great inventions were made. Among them were the camera, the light and the radio. These all became a big part of our life today. The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions: the helicopter in 1907, movies with sound in 1923, the computer in 1927, and jet planes in 1930. This was also a time when a new material was first made. Nylon (尼龙) came in 1937. It changed the kind of clothes people wear. By this time most people had a very good life, and man had a strong wish to explore again. The world was known to man but the stars were not. Man began looking for ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Then the United States took a step. Since then other countries, including China and Japan, have made their steps into space. New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never yet dreamed of. 1．What made it easier to carry heavy things? A．Wheels. B．Helicopters. C．Computers. D．Cars. 2．Which of the following came out nearly at the same time as jet planes? A．Radio. B．Camera. C．Nylon. D．Light. 3．What can we learn from the text? A．The computer was invented in 1907. B．The camera is still a big part of our life today. C．The US is the first country that went into space. D．People began to explore the unknown land in 1800. 4．Which is the text mainly about? A．Why inventions are necessary. B．What invention is the most useful. C．How inventions influenced people’s life. D．Which country has the most inventions. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．B 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了从古至今改变人们生活的若干重大发明及其影响。 1．第一段指出“The first great invention was one that is still very important today—the wheel. This made it easier to carry heavy things”，由此可知轮子使搬运重物变得更容易。 2．第四段指出“Nylon came in 1937”，而“jet planes in 1930”，二者相隔仅七年，时间接近，故尼龙与喷气式飞机几乎同时代出现。 3．第三段指出“Among them were the camera, the light and the radio. These all became a big part of our life today”，由此可知相机至今仍是生活重要部分。 4．第一段提出“There have been many great inventions that changed the way we live”，全文按时间顺序列举从轮子到现代的各种发明及其对生活的影响，末段展望未来，故全文主旨为“发明如何影响人们生活”。 6 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 1 / 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $