Unit5-6词汇复习、讲解与检测2026-2027学年山东省济宁市人教版九年级英语上学期

新人教版英语九年级上册 Unit5-6词汇复习和检测 第一部分：Unit5-6词性分类记忆 熟练掌握单词的词性，能够帮助你分清单词在句中的成分，在做题的过程中减少语法填空、写作等错误，在阅读的过程中也更容易读懂长难句。 一、名词 n. invention｜发明；创造 camera｜照相机；（电影）摄影机 laptop｜笔记本电脑 sunglasses｜墨镜 button｜按钮；扣子 file｜（计算机的）文件；文件夹 plastic｜塑料 printer｜打印机；印刷公司 wheel｜车轮；轮子 layer｜层；表层 pipe｜管道；管子；烟斗 tunnel｜隧道；地下通道 tourism｜旅游业 reality｜现实；事实 papermaking｜造纸工艺；造纸业 ware｜制品；陶器 stone｜石头；岩石 jute｜黄麻纤维 fibre｜纤维；纤维素 officer｜官员；高级职员 workshop｜作坊；讲习班 liquid｜液体 creation｜创造；作品 birth｜起源；诞生 company｜公司；剧团 production｜生产；制作 glider｜滑翔机 mission｜任务；使命 telescope｜望远镜 rover｜探测器；漫游者 movement｜运动；活动 geology｜地质；地质学 satellite｜人造卫星；卫星 rocket｜火箭 exoplanet｜系外行星 god｜神 spacecraft｜宇宙飞船 board｜板；牌子 galaxy｜星系 craft｜技艺；工艺；飞行器；船 spaceship｜（航天）飞船 survey｜测绘；民意调查 Mars｜火星 二、动词 v. produce｜生产；繁育 invent｜发明；编造 suppose｜认为；推断 complete｜完成；结束 melt｜（使）融化；逐渐消失 gain｜获得；取得 shape｜塑造 afford｜买得起；能做 maintain｜维修；保持 launch｜发射；发起 tie｜系上；束紧 require｜需要；要求 cancel｜取消；终止 publish｜刊登；出版 cooperate｜合作；协作 operate｜操作；运行 三、形容词 adj. super｜超级的；顶好的 frozen｜冻硬的；冰封的 complete｜完全的；彻底的 responsible｜作为原因的；有责任的 rapid｜迅速的；瞬间的 bronze｜青铜（的）；青铜色（的） expensive｜昂贵的；价格高的 ideal｜最合适的；理想的 certain｜某些；确定的 suitable｜合适的；适宜的 liquid｜液体的 cheap｜便宜的 sticky｜黏（性）的；闷热的 manned｜需人操作的 weightless｜失重的；无重量的 asleep｜睡着（的） crazy｜疯狂的；不理智的 solar｜太阳的；太阳能的 mysterious｜神秘的；奇怪的 unmanned｜无（需）人操作的 crowded｜人（太）多的；拥挤的 四、副词 adv. rapidly｜迅速地；快速地 gradually｜逐渐地；逐步地 widely｜广泛地；普遍地 completely｜彻底地；完全地 cheap｜低廉地 五、代词 pron. / 数词 num. / 介词 prep. itself｜它自己 none｜没有一个；毫无 billion｜十亿 trillion｜万亿；兆 beyond｜超出；在……较远的一边 六、固定短语 high-speed train｜高速列车 hundreds (of ...)｜许多；大量 all over the world｜全世界 be supposed to do / be sth｜应当做（某事）或是（某物） responsible for sth｜引起某事 later on｜后来；其后 speed up｜（使）加速 result in｜造成；导致 lead to｜导致；造成 be looking to do sth｜试图找到做某事的方法 fall asleep｜入睡 human being｜人类 in case｜以防万一 on board｜在船（或火车、飞机）上 cooperate with｜合作；协作；配合 set foot on｜访问；参观（某地） 巩固练习 一、根据汉语提示，写出对应的英文单词。 1. 发明 ________ 2. 照相机 ________ 3. 按钮 ________ 4. 车轮 ________ 5. 隧道 ________ 6. 现实 ________ 7. 卫星 ________ 8. 火箭 ________ 9. 望远镜 ________ 10. 任务 ________ 11. 生产 ________ 12. 认为；推断 ________ 13. 完成 ________ 14. 融化 ________ 15. 获得 ________ 16. 买得起 ________ 17. 需要 ________ 18. 取消 ________ 19. 合作 ________ 20. 操作 ________ 21. 迅速的 ________ 22. 昂贵的 ________ 23. 合适的 ________ 24. 神秘的 ________ 25. 拥挤的 ________ 26. 广泛地 ________ 27. 完全地 ________ 28. 逐渐地 ________ 29. 应当做 ________ 30. 导致 ________ 二、根据句意及首字母提示写出单词，注意词形变化，一空一词。 1. The city has more than one b________ people and it develops very fast. 2. Don’t push your goals b________ your ability, or you will feel tired. 3. After hard training, she c________ changed her bad learning habits. 4. This new phone is too e________ for most students to buy. 5. This factory can p________ thousands of toys every day. 6. Edison began to i________ many useful things in his early years. 7. Every great c________ comes from hard work and endless practice. 8. We all celebrate the b________ of our new national science museum. 9. This c________ is famous for making high‑tech machines in our country. 10. The ancient workers made many beautiful works of b________ art. 11. I s________ that teamwork is very important for group discussion. 12. The environmental m________ helps protect our living place. 13. People used hard s________ to build houses in ancient times. 14. N________ of the three answers is correct. You need to rewrite them. 15. This is a m________ spaceship which needs astronauts to work on it. 16. If we c________ with each other, we can finish the task faster. 17. Our school has made r________ progress in English teaching recently. 18. The street is always c________ during the morning rush hour. 19. Local t________ brings lots of jobs and money to the small town. 20. We should face r________ bravely instead of living in dreams. 第二部分：重点拼写易错单词及考察示例 1. invention n. 发明；创造（invent v. 发明；名词变形高频易错） 题1【词形转换】：The ________ (invent) of the smartphone has greatly changed people's lives. 题2【汉语提示填空】：Paper is one of the four great ________（发明）of ancient China. 2. satellite n. 人造卫星；卫星（双写 l，易漏写一个 l） 题1【首字母提示填空】：China has sent many s________ into space to explore the moon. 题2【汉语提示填空】：The weather ________（卫星）can help us predict the weather more accurately. 3. responsible adj. 有责任的（-ible 结尾，不是 -able，易拼错） 题1【词形转换】：Everyone should be ________ (responsibility) for protecting the environment. 题2【汉语提示填空】：He is a ________（有责任的）person and always finishes his work on time. 4. production n. 生产；制作（produce v. 变名词；注意与 product 区分） 题1【词形转换】：The ________ (produce) of this kind of paper needs a lot of water. 题2【汉语提示填空】：The factory stopped ________（生产）because of the heavy rain. 5. reality n. 现实；事实（real adj. 变名词；-ity 后缀易错） 题1【词形转换】：In ________ (real), learning a language takes time and patience. 题2【汉语提示填空】：The dream of flying to the moon has become a ________（现实）today. 6. mysterious adj. 神秘的（mystery n. 变形容词；-ious 后缀） 题1【词形转换】：Scientists are trying to explain some ________ (mystery) natural phenomena. 题2【汉语提示填空】：There are still many ________（神秘的）things in the universe waiting for us to explore. 7. telescope n. 望远镜（-scope 结尾，易与 microscope 混淆） 题1【首字母提示填空】：Astronomers use t________ to watch the stars at night. 题2【汉语提示填空】：With the help of the ________（望远镜）, we can see the surface of the moon clearly. 8. completely adv. 完全地（complete adj./v. 变副词；+ly 即可） 题1【词形转换】：The little boy was ________ (complete) tired after the long walk. 题2【汉语提示填空】：Don't worry. The problem can be ________（完全地）solved with the new method. 第三部分：重点语法考察单词及考察示例 一. be supposed to do 应当做（某事） 核心变形：suppose v. 认为；推断；be supposed to do = should do，中考最高频结构 常考固定搭配 be supposed to do sth. 应当做某事 be not supposed to do sth. 不应当做某事 be supposed to be doing sth. 应该正在做某事 例句 + 翻译 1. Students are supposed to hand in their homework on time. 翻译：学生应该按时交作业。 2. You are not supposed to smoke in the classroom. 翻译：你不应该在教室里吸烟。 ❗易错提醒：be supposed to 后接动词原形；否定形式 be not supposed to 表示“不应该”，单选完形高频。 二. invent v. 发明；编造 核心变形：过去式 invented；名词 invention n. 发明；inventor n. 发明家 常考固定搭配 invent sth. 发明某物 invent an excuse 编造借口 the invention of ... ……的发明 例句 + 翻译 1. Thomas Edison invented the light bulb. 翻译：托马斯·爱迪生发明了电灯泡。 2. He invented an excuse for being late. 翻译：他为迟到编造了一个借口。 ❗易错辨析：invent 发明（原本不存在的东西）；discover 发现（原本就存在、只是未被知晓的事物），两者不可混用。 三. afford v. 买得起；负担得起 核心变形：常与 can/could/be able to 连用 常考固定搭配 afford sth. 买得起某物 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 can't afford to ... 负担不起…… 例句 + 翻译 1. We can't afford such an expensive car. 翻译：我们买不起这么贵的汽车。 2. More and more families can afford to travel abroad. 翻译：越来越多的家庭负担得起出国旅游。 ❗易错提醒：afford 通常与 can/could 连用，后接 to do 或名词；不说 afford doing。 四. none pron. 没有一个；毫无 核心变形：可与 of 连用；区分 none / no one / nothing 常考固定搭配 none of + 复数名词/代词 在……中没有一个 none of + 不可数名词 一点儿也没有 none 单独使用 一个也没有 例句 + 翻译 1. None of the students knew the answer. 翻译：没有一个学生知道答案。 2. — How much money do you have? — None. 翻译：——你有多少钱？——一分钱也没有。 ❗易错辨析：none 指人或物皆可，回答 How many/How much 提问；no one 只指人，回答 Who 提问；nothing 只指物，回答 What 提问。 五. complete v. 完成；结束 adj. 完全的 核心变形：过去式 completed；副词 completely adv. 完全地 常考固定搭配 complete the task/project 完成任务/项目 a complete success 彻底的胜利 complete with ... 配有…… 例句 + 翻译 1. They completed the bridge in 2020. 翻译：他们在2020年建成了这座桥。 2. The project is a complete success. 翻译：这个项目取得了彻底的胜利。 ❗易错辨析：complete 作动词强调“完成（使完整）”；finish 强调“结束”。complete 还可作形容词“完全的”，finish 不能。 六. certain adj. 某些；确定的 核心变形：副词 certainly adv. 当然；必定 常考固定搭配 be certain of/about sth. 对某事有把握 be certain to do sth. 一定会做某事 a certain + 名词 某个…… 例句 + 翻译 1. I'm certain that he will come to the party. 翻译：我确信他会来参加聚会。 2. A certain Mr. Smith called you this morning. 翻译：今天早上一位姓史密斯的先生给你打过电话。 ❗易错提醒：be certain that ... 表示“确信……”；certain 作“某个”讲时修饰单数名词，如 a certain person。 七. suitable adj. 合适的；适宜的 核心变形：动词 suit v. 适合 常考固定搭配 be suitable for sb./sth. 适合某人/某物 be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 例句 + 翻译 1. This book is suitable for beginners. 翻译：这本书适合初学者。 2. The climate here is suitable for growing rice. 翻译：这里的气候适合种植水稻。 ❗易错提醒：be suitable for 固定搭配，介词用 for，不可用 to；动词 suit 作“适合”讲时主语多为物。 八. responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的 核心变形：名词 responsibility n. 责任；动词 respond v. 回应 常考固定搭配 be responsible for sth. 对某事负责 be responsible for doing sth. 负责做某事 take responsibility for ... 对……承担责任 例句 + 翻译 1. The driver was responsible for the accident. 翻译：那位司机对这起事故负责。 2. Parents are responsible for educating their children. 翻译：父母有责任教育自己的孩子。 ❗易错提醒：be responsible for 中 for 后接名词或动名词；注意 responsible 的拼写是 -ible，不是 -able。 九. require v. 需要；要求 核心变形：过去式 required；名词 requirement n. 要求 常考固定搭配 require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 require doing sth. = require to be done 需要被做（主动表被动） require that sb. (should) do sth. 要求某人做某事 例句 + 翻译 1. The work requires you to be patient. 翻译：这项工作需要你有耐心。 2. The flowers require watering every day. 翻译：这些花每天都需要浇水。 ❗易错提醒：require doing 用主动形式表示被动意义；require sb. to do 中 to 不能省略；require that 从句用 should + 动词原形。 十. produce v. 生产；制造 核心变形：过去式 produced；名词 product n. 产品（可数）；production n. 生产（不可数） 常考固定搭配 produce sth. 生产某物 agricultural products 农产品 the production of ... ……的生产 例句 + 翻译 1. This factory produces thousands of cars every year. 翻译：这家工厂每年生产数千辆汽车。 2. Local farmers produce fresh vegetables for the city. 翻译：当地农民为这座城市生产新鲜蔬菜。 ❗易错辨析：produce 是动词“生产”；product 是可数名词“产品”；production 是不可数名词“生产（过程）”，词性转换必考。 十一. maintain v. 维修；保持 核心变形：过去式 maintained；名词 maintenance n. 维护；保养 常考固定搭配 maintain a balance 保持平衡 maintain the machine 维修机器 maintain friendship 维持友谊 例句 + 翻译 1. It's important to maintain a balance between study and rest. 翻译：在学习和休息之间保持平衡很重要。 2. Workers maintain the machine every month. 翻译：工人们每月维修这台机器。 ❗易错提醒：maintain 是及物动词，直接接宾语；名词 maintenance 拼写时注意不要丢掉中间的 e。 十二. cooperate v. 合作；协作 核心变形：过去式 cooperated；名词 cooperation n. 合作 常考固定搭配 cooperate with sb. 与某人合作 cooperate with sb. in doing sth. 与某人合作做某事 in cooperation with ... 与……合作 例句 + 翻译 1. We should cooperate with each other to finish the task. 翻译：我们应该互相合作完成任务。 2. The two countries cooperate closely in space exploration. 翻译：两国在太空探索方面密切合作。 ❗易错提醒：cooperate with 固定搭配，with 后接合作对象；名词 cooperation 常用在 in cooperation with 结构中。 专项巩固练习 一、用括号内词适当形式填空 1. Students are supposed ________ (do) their homework on time. 2. The telephone was ________ (invent) by Alexander Bell. 3. We can't afford ________ (buy) such an expensive car. 4. ________ of the students knew the answer to the question. (填代词) 5. The project was ________ (complete) in 2020. 6. I'm ________ (certain) that he will come to the meeting. 7. This book is suitable ________ children. (填介词) 8. He is ________ (responsibility) for the accident. 9. The flowers require ________ (water) every day. 10. The factory ________ (produce) thousands of cars every year. 11. We should maintain a ________ (balance) between study and rest. 12. Thank you for your ________ (cooperate). 二、单项选择 1. Students ________ finish their homework on time every day. A. are supposed to　　B. suppose to　　C. supposed to　　D. be supposed to 2. Edison ________ many useful things in his lifetime, changing people’s lives greatly. A. discovered　　B. invented　　C. found　　D. created 3. The young couple can’t ________ such an expensive house in the city center. A. afford　　B. offer　　C. provide　　D. support 4. ________ of the passengers on board was hurt in the small accident. A. No one　　B. Nothing　　C. None　　D. Nobody 5. The workers ________ the bridge completely last month, and it is open to traffic now. A. finished　　B. completed　　C. ended　　D. stopped 6. I am ________ that our team will win the coming football match. A. certain　　B. sure of　　C. certainly　　D. certainly of 7. This kind of sports suit is ________ for students to wear in PE class. A. suitable　　B. suit　　C. suited　　D. satisfying 8. Everyone should be ________ their own mistakes and correct them actively. A. responsible to　　B. responsible for　　C. ready for　　D. famous for 9. The old garden ________ watering every day in hot summer. A. requires　　B. asks　　C. needs to　　D. wants to 10. This factory ________ hundreds of new energy products every year. A. products　　B. produces　　C. production　　D. productive 11. We need to ________ a good balance between study and rest all the time. A. maintain　　B. keep on　　C. hold up　　D. take up 12. If we ________ our classmates, we can solve difficult problems faster. A. cooperate with　　B. agree with　　C. deal with　　D. play with 13. The high-speed train can ________ to save travel time for passengers. A. speed up　　B. get up　　C. pick up　　D. turn up 14. Careless driving will ________ traffic accidents easily. A. result in　　B. take in　　C. hand in　　D. bring in 15. Don’t worry. Take an umbrella ________ it rains on the way home. A. in case　　B. so that　　C. even if　　D. as if 16. All the crew members ________ the plane are ready for the long flight. A. on board　　B. on duty　　C. on show　　D. on sale 17. Staying up late often ________ poor health and bad moods. A. leads to　　B. turns to　　C. comes to　　D. sticks to 18. He felt tired and soon ________ during the boring lecture. A. fell down　　B. fell asleep　　C. fell off　　D. fell over 19. People ________ are kind and hard-working are always popular around us. A. human beings　　B. strangers　　C. relatives　　D. neighbors 20. Many young people ________ new chances to improve themselves in big cities. A. look forward　　B. look to　　C. are looking to　　D. are looking up 第四部分：综合练习 一、完形填空。 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 What will happen if a family goes without the internet for a month? One American family decides to find out. They have ____1____ an invitation to a leading US television station, asking a film group to ___2___ their day-to-day life without technology for a month. When the film group meets the Smiths, they find that Mr. Smith, Mrs. Smith and their two kids are so crazy about technology that they ____3____ do things together. At meal times, ___4___ sits at the dining table for their food. “Everyone just runs into the kitchen, takes their food and then goes back to their screen,” Mrs. Smith explained. “ ___5___ we don’t make a change, our family will become strangers to each other!” Getting back to a life without the internet is not ____6____ , especially when the Smiths lose themselves in it. They have to make many ____7____ . For example, the two kids have to go to the school library to ___8___ books for their scientific projects, and Mr. and Mrs. Smith ____9____ go out shopping because they cannot buy things online. As the family has picked up the new lifestyle, they have found that they can ____10____ more time talking over meals, playing sports and doing all kinds of activities together. 1. A. received B. chosen C. heard D. sent 2. A. record B. direct C. join D. correct 3. A. nearly B. always C. hardly D. mostly 4. A. everybody B. nobody C. somebody D. anybody 5. A. Whether B. While C. Although D. If 6. A. easy B. difficult C. normal D. common 7. A. mistakes B. senses C. friends D. changes 8. A. buy B. borrow C. return D. steal 9. A. should B. might C. need to D. could 10. A. waste B. value C. spend D. save 2、 补全短文 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 What is life’s greatest gift? It is choice. Choice is the ability to choose some actions from a set of things to achieve a goal. ___16___ Because it can turn us from dumb animals into artists. Choice becomes the tool we use to sculpt our life. ___17___ Choice is power. Choice is at the heart of life. It’s the creative power of life. Life is always changing and we have to make lots of choices. ___18___ We should often check where we are on our journey. We need to ask questions: Am I moving closer to my goals? If not, what action will I take now to make myself achieve my goals? In fact, we have to make choices every day. And our life becomes more convenient or comfortable because of them. ___19___ However, the big choices to sculpt our life are much more important than deciding where to shop. The more we understand the differences between small and big choices, the more pleasure we will get. ___20___ The pleasure is in the playing. All chess lovers realize that it isn’t necessary to win in order to enjoy the game. Make the best moves we can under the conditions. Then we can enjoy our life. A. Life is like a chess game. B. Why is choice so great? C. Some choices we make have nothing to do with our goals. D. If we make good use of the tool, we can have an enjoyable life. E. Each choice we make leads us closer to or farther from our goals. F. For example, we decide on simple things, like which store to shop at. 四、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（每空不多于三个单词）。 Developments of technology make it possible for us to call our friends from a thousand kilometers away. Of course, making telephone ____41____ (call) is the most popular and quickest way of communication. However, have you ever thought about what we’re losing? As someone who likes writing and receiving letters, I often feel sad that so few people now give letter writing ____42____ chance. Many people might consider letter writing to be out of date, ____43____ I believe we should write and send letters more often. First, there is lots of love in a handwritten letter. This is why texting or calling feels ____44____ (special) than writing. Now, people usually focus on getting things in the fastest way. Handwritten letters, however, can make receivers feel much warmer because they take time for us ____45____ (prepare). When we receive a letter, we feel we are ____46____ (real) loved, remembered and missed. In fact, the process of writing a letter can make us ____47____ (feel) happy too. When we sit down and start writing, we allow ____48____ (we) to take a break from the stress of our lives. Moreover, while texts come and go, letters can ____49____ (keep) forever. We can always go back and read them again. By keeping a letter, we keep a part of that person and his or her relationship with us. So pick ____50____ your pen! Let’s bring back the art of letter writing. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 新人教版英语九年级上册 Unit5-6 词汇复习和检测 第一部分：Unit5-6词性分类记忆 熟练掌握单词的词性，能够帮助你分清单词在句中的成分，在做题的过程中减少语法填空、写作等错误，在阅读的过程中也更容易读懂长难句。 一、名词 n. invention｜发明；创造 camera｜照相机；（电影）摄影机 laptop｜笔记本电脑 sunglasses｜墨镜 button｜按钮；扣子 file｜（计算机的）文件；文件夹 plastic｜塑料 printer｜打印机；印刷公司 wheel｜车轮；轮子 layer｜层；表层 pipe｜管道；管子；烟斗 tunnel｜隧道；地下通道 tourism｜旅游业 reality｜现实；事实 papermaking｜造纸工艺；造纸业 ware｜制品；陶器 stone｜石头；岩石 jute｜黄麻纤维 fibre｜纤维；纤维素 officer｜官员；高级职员 workshop｜作坊；讲习班 liquid｜液体 creation｜创造；作品 birth｜起源；诞生 company｜公司；剧团 production｜生产；制作 glider｜滑翔机 mission｜任务；使命 telescope｜望远镜 rover｜探测器；漫游者 movement｜运动；活动 geology｜地质；地质学 satellite｜人造卫星；卫星 rocket｜火箭 exoplanet｜系外行星 god｜神 spacecraft｜宇宙飞船 board｜板；牌子 galaxy｜星系 craft｜技艺；工艺；飞行器；船 spaceship｜（航天）飞船 survey｜测绘；民意调查 Mars｜火星 二、动词 v. produce｜生产；繁育 invent｜发明；编造 suppose｜认为；推断 complete｜完成；结束 melt｜（使）融化；逐渐消失 gain｜获得；取得 shape｜塑造 afford｜买得起；能做 maintain｜维修；保持 launch｜发射；发起 tie｜系上；束紧 require｜需要；要求 cancel｜取消；终止 publish｜刊登；出版 cooperate｜合作；协作 operate｜操作；运行 三、形容词 adj. super｜超级的；顶好的 frozen｜冻硬的；冰封的 complete｜完全的；彻底的 responsible｜作为原因的；有责任的 rapid｜迅速的；瞬间的 bronze｜青铜（的）；青铜色（的） expensive｜昂贵的；价格高的 ideal｜最合适的；理想的 certain｜某些；确定的 suitable｜合适的；适宜的 liquid｜液体的 cheap｜便宜的 sticky｜黏（性）的；闷热的 manned｜需人操作的 weightless｜失重的；无重量的 asleep｜睡着（的） crazy｜疯狂的；不理智的 solar｜太阳的；太阳能的 mysterious｜神秘的；奇怪的 unmanned｜无（需）人操作的 crowded｜人（太）多的；拥挤的 四、副词 adv. rapidly｜迅速地；快速地 gradually｜逐渐地；逐步地 widely｜广泛地；普遍地 completely｜彻底地；完全地 cheap｜低廉地 五、代词 pron. / 数词 num. / 介词 prep. itself｜它自己 none｜没有一个；毫无 billion｜十亿 trillion｜万亿；兆 beyond｜超出；在……较远的一边 六、固定短语 high-speed train｜高速列车 hundreds (of ...)｜许多；大量 all over the world｜全世界 be supposed to do / be sth｜应当做（某事）或是（某物） responsible for sth｜引起某事 later on｜后来；其后 speed up｜（使）加速 result in｜造成；导致 lead to｜导致；造成 be looking to do sth｜试图找到做某事的方法 fall asleep｜入睡 human being｜人类 in case｜以防万一 on board｜在船（或火车、飞机）上 cooperate with｜合作；协作；配合 set foot on｜访问；参观（某地） 巩固练习 一、根据汉语提示，写出对应的英文单词。 1. 发明 ________ 2. 照相机 ________ 3. 按钮 ________ 4. 车轮 ________ 5. 隧道 ________ 6. 现实 ________ 7. 卫星 ________ 8. 火箭 ________ 9. 望远镜 ________ 10. 任务 ________ 11. 生产 ________ 12. 认为；推断 ________ 13. 完成 ________ 14. 融化 ________ 15. 获得 ________ 16. 买得起 ________ 17. 需要 ________ 18. 取消 ________ 19. 合作 ________ 20. 操作 ________ 21. 迅速的 ________ 22. 昂贵的 ________ 23. 合适的 ________ 24. 神秘的 ________ 25. 拥挤的 ________ 26. 广泛地 ________ 27. 完全地 ________ 28. 逐渐地 ________ 29. 应当做 ________ 30. 导致 ________ 二、根据句意及首字母提示写出单词，注意词形变化，一空一词。 1. The city has more than one b________ people and it develops very fast. 2. Don’t push your goals b________ your ability, or you will feel tired. 3. After hard training, she c________ changed her bad learning habits. 4. This new phone is too e________ for most students to buy. 5. This factory can p________ thousands of toys every day. 6. Edison began to i________ many useful things in his early years. 7. Every great c________ comes from hard work and endless practice. 8. We all celebrate the b________ of our new national science museum. 9. This c________ is famous for making high‑tech machines in our country. 10. The ancient workers made many beautiful works of b________ art. 11. I s________ that teamwork is very important for group discussion. 12. The environmental m________ helps protect our living place. 13. People used hard s________ to build houses in ancient times. 14. N________ of the three answers is correct. You need to rewrite them. 15. This is a m________ spaceship which needs astronauts to work on it. 16. If we c________ with each other, we can finish the task faster. 17. Our school has made r________ progress in English teaching recently. 18. The street is always c________ during the morning rush hour. 19. Local t________ brings lots of jobs and money to the small town. 20. We should face r________ bravely instead of living in dreams. 参考答案 1. billion 2. beyond 3. completely 4. expensive 5. produce 6. invent 7. creation 8. birth 9. company 10. bronze 11. suppose 12. movement 13. stone 14. None 15. manned 16. cooperate 17. rapid 18. crowded 19. tourism 20. reality 第二部分：重点拼写易错单词及考察示例 1. invention n. 发明；创造（invent v. 发明；名词变形高频易错） 题1【词形转换】：The ________ (invent) of the smartphone has greatly changed people's lives. 题2【汉语提示填空】：Paper is one of the four great ________（发明）of ancient China. 答案：1. invention 2. inventions 2. satellite n. 人造卫星；卫星（双写 l，易漏写一个 l） 题1【首字母提示填空】：China has sent many s________ into space to explore the moon. 题2【汉语提示填空】：The weather ________（卫星）can help us predict the weather more accurately. 答案：1. satellites 2. satellite 3. responsible adj. 有责任的（-ible 结尾，不是 -able，易拼错） 题1【词形转换】：Everyone should be ________ (responsibility) for protecting the environment. 题2【汉语提示填空】：He is a ________（有责任的）person and always finishes his work on time. 答案：1. responsible 2. responsible 4. production n. 生产；制作（produce v. 变名词；注意与 product 区分） 题1【词形转换】：The ________ (produce) of this kind of paper needs a lot of water. 题2【汉语提示填空】：The factory stopped ________（生产）because of the heavy rain. 答案：1. production 2. production 5. reality n. 现实；事实（real adj. 变名词；-ity 后缀易错） 题1【词形转换】：In ________ (real), learning a language takes time and patience. 题2【汉语提示填空】：The dream of flying to the moon has become a ________（现实）today. 答案：1. reality 2. reality 6. mysterious adj. 神秘的（mystery n. 变形容词；-ious 后缀） 题1【词形转换】：Scientists are trying to explain some ________ (mystery) natural phenomena. 题2【汉语提示填空】：There are still many ________（神秘的）things in the universe waiting for us to explore. 答案：1. mysterious 2. mysterious 7. telescope n. 望远镜（-scope 结尾，易与 microscope 混淆） 题1【首字母提示填空】：Astronomers use t________ to watch the stars at night. 题2【汉语提示填空】：With the help of the ________（望远镜）, we can see the surface of the moon clearly. 答案：1. telescopes 2. telescope 8. completely adv. 完全地（complete adj./v. 变副词；+ly 即可） 题1【词形转换】：The little boy was ________ (complete) tired after the long walk. 题2【汉语提示填空】：Don't worry. The problem can be ________（完全地）solved with the new method. 答案：1. completely 2. completely 第三部分：重点语法考察单词及考察示例 一. be supposed to do 应当做（某事） 核心变形：suppose v. 认为；推断；be supposed to do = should do，中考最高频结构 常考固定搭配 be supposed to do sth. 应当做某事 be not supposed to do sth. 不应当做某事 be supposed to be doing sth. 应该正在做某事 例句 + 翻译 1. Students are supposed to hand in their homework on time. 翻译：学生应该按时交作业。 2. You are not supposed to smoke in the classroom. 翻译：你不应该在教室里吸烟。 ❗易错提醒：be supposed to 后接动词原形；否定形式 be not supposed to 表示“不应该”，单选完形高频。 二. invent v. 发明；编造 核心变形：过去式 invented；名词 invention n. 发明；inventor n. 发明家 常考固定搭配 invent sth. 发明某物 invent an excuse 编造借口 the invention of ... ……的发明 例句 + 翻译 1. Thomas Edison invented the light bulb. 翻译：托马斯·爱迪生发明了电灯泡。 2. He invented an excuse for being late. 翻译：他为迟到编造了一个借口。 ❗易错辨析：invent 发明（原本不存在的东西）；discover 发现（原本就存在、只是未被知晓的事物），两者不可混用。 三. afford v. 买得起；负担得起 核心变形：常与 can/could/be able to 连用 常考固定搭配 afford sth. 买得起某物 afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 can't afford to ... 负担不起…… 例句 + 翻译 1. We can't afford such an expensive car. 翻译：我们买不起这么贵的汽车。 2. More and more families can afford to travel abroad. 翻译：越来越多的家庭负担得起出国旅游。 ❗易错提醒：afford 通常与 can/could 连用，后接 to do 或名词；不说 afford doing。 四. none pron. 没有一个；毫无 核心变形：可与 of 连用；区分 none / no one / nothing 常考固定搭配 none of + 复数名词/代词 在……中没有一个 none of + 不可数名词 一点儿也没有 none 单独使用 一个也没有 例句 + 翻译 1. None of the students knew the answer. 翻译：没有一个学生知道答案。 2. — How much money do you have? — None. 翻译：——你有多少钱？——一分钱也没有。 ❗易错辨析：none 指人或物皆可，回答 How many/How much 提问；no one 只指人，回答 Who 提问；nothing 只指物，回答 What 提问。 五. complete v. 完成；结束 adj. 完全的 核心变形：过去式 completed；副词 completely adv. 完全地 常考固定搭配 complete the task/project 完成任务/项目 a complete success 彻底的胜利 complete with ... 配有…… 例句 + 翻译 1. They completed the bridge in 2020. 翻译：他们在2020年建成了这座桥。 2. The project is a complete success. 翻译：这个项目取得了彻底的胜利。 ❗易错辨析：complete 作动词强调“完成（使完整）”；finish 强调“结束”。complete 还可作形容词“完全的”，finish 不能。 六. certain adj. 某些；确定的 核心变形：副词 certainly adv. 当然；必定 常考固定搭配 be certain of/about sth. 对某事有把握 be certain to do sth. 一定会做某事 a certain + 名词 某个…… 例句 + 翻译 1. I'm certain that he will come to the party. 翻译：我确信他会来参加聚会。 2. A certain Mr. Smith called you this morning. 翻译：今天早上一位姓史密斯的先生给你打过电话。 ❗易错提醒：be certain that ... 表示“确信……”；certain 作“某个”讲时修饰单数名词，如 a certain person。 七. suitable adj. 合适的；适宜的 核心变形：动词 suit v. 适合 常考固定搭配 be suitable for sb./sth. 适合某人/某物 be suitable to do sth. 适合做某事 例句 + 翻译 1. This book is suitable for beginners. 翻译：这本书适合初学者。 2. The climate here is suitable for growing rice. 翻译：这里的气候适合种植水稻。 ❗易错提醒：be suitable for 固定搭配，介词用 for，不可用 to；动词 suit 作“适合”讲时主语多为物。 八. responsible adj. 有责任的；负责的 核心变形：名词 responsibility n. 责任；动词 respond v. 回应 常考固定搭配 be responsible for sth. 对某事负责 be responsible for doing sth. 负责做某事 take responsibility for ... 对……承担责任 例句 + 翻译 1. The driver was responsible for the accident. 翻译：那位司机对这起事故负责。 2. Parents are responsible for educating their children. 翻译：父母有责任教育自己的孩子。 ❗易错提醒：be responsible for 中 for 后接名词或动名词；注意 responsible 的拼写是 -ible，不是 -able。 九. require v. 需要；要求 核心变形：过去式 required；名词 requirement n. 要求 常考固定搭配 require sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 require doing sth. = require to be done 需要被做（主动表被动） require that sb. (should) do sth. 要求某人做某事 例句 + 翻译 1. The work requires you to be patient. 翻译：这项工作需要你有耐心。 2. The flowers require watering every day. 翻译：这些花每天都需要浇水。 ❗易错提醒：require doing 用主动形式表示被动意义；require sb. to do 中 to 不能省略；require that 从句用 should + 动词原形。 十. produce v. 生产；制造 核心变形：过去式 produced；名词 product n. 产品（可数）；production n. 生产（不可数） 常考固定搭配 produce sth. 生产某物 agricultural products 农产品 the production of ... ……的生产 例句 + 翻译 1. This factory produces thousands of cars every year. 翻译：这家工厂每年生产数千辆汽车。 2. Local farmers produce fresh vegetables for the city. 翻译：当地农民为这座城市生产新鲜蔬菜。 ❗易错辨析：produce 是动词“生产”；product 是可数名词“产品”；production 是不可数名词“生产（过程）”，词性转换必考。 十一. maintain v. 维修；保持 核心变形：过去式 maintained；名词 maintenance n. 维护；保养 常考固定搭配 maintain a balance 保持平衡 maintain the machine 维修机器 maintain friendship 维持友谊 例句 + 翻译 1. It's important to maintain a balance between study and rest. 翻译：在学习和休息之间保持平衡很重要。 2. Workers maintain the machine every month. 翻译：工人们每月维修这台机器。 ❗易错提醒：maintain 是及物动词，直接接宾语；名词 maintenance 拼写时注意不要丢掉中间的 e。 十二. cooperate v. 合作；协作 核心变形：过去式 cooperated；名词 cooperation n. 合作 常考固定搭配 cooperate with sb. 与某人合作 cooperate with sb. in doing sth. 与某人合作做某事 in cooperation with ... 与……合作 例句 + 翻译 1. We should cooperate with each other to finish the task. 翻译：我们应该互相合作完成任务。 2. The two countries cooperate closely in space exploration. 翻译：两国在太空探索方面密切合作。 ❗易错提醒：cooperate with 固定搭配，with 后接合作对象；名词 cooperation 常用在 in cooperation with 结构中。 专项巩固练习 一、用括号内词适当形式填空 1. Students are supposed ________ (do) their homework on time. 2. The telephone was ________ (invent) by Alexander Bell. 3. We can't afford ________ (buy) such an expensive car. 4. ________ of the students knew the answer to the question. (填代词) 5. The project was ________ (complete) in 2020. 6. I'm ________ (certain) that he will come to the meeting. 7. This book is suitable ________ children. (填介词) 8. He is ________ (responsibility) for the accident. 9. The flowers require ________ (water) every day. 10. The factory ________ (produce) thousands of cars every year. 11. We should maintain a ________ (balance) between study and rest. 12. Thank you for your ________ (cooperate). 二、单项选择 1. Students ________ finish their homework on time every day. A. are supposed to　　B. suppose to　　C. supposed to　　D. be supposed to 2. Edison ________ many useful things in his lifetime, changing people’s lives greatly. A. discovered　　B. invented　　C. found　　D. created 3. The young couple can’t ________ such an expensive house in the city center. A. afford　　B. offer　　C. provide　　D. support 4. ________ of the passengers on board was hurt in the small accident. A. No one　　B. Nothing　　C. None　　D. Nobody 5. The workers ________ the bridge completely last month, and it is open to traffic now. A. finished　　B. completed　　C. ended　　D. stopped 6. I am ________ that our team will win the coming football match. A. certain　　B. sure of　　C. certainly　　D. certainly of 7. This kind of sports suit is ________ for students to wear in PE class. A. suitable　　B. suit　　C. suited　　D. satisfying 8. Everyone should be ________ their own mistakes and correct them actively. A. responsible to　　B. responsible for　　C. ready for　　D. famous for 9. The old garden ________ watering every day in hot summer. A. requires　　B. asks　　C. needs to　　D. wants to 10. This factory ________ hundreds of new energy products every year. A. products　　B. produces　　C. production　　D. productive 11. We need to ________ a good balance between study and rest all the time. A. maintain　　B. keep on　　C. hold up　　D. take up 12. If we ________ our classmates, we can solve difficult problems faster. A. cooperate with　　B. agree with　　C. deal with　　D. play with 13. The high-speed train can ________ to save travel time for passengers. A. speed up　　B. get up　　C. pick up　　D. turn up 14. Careless driving will ________ traffic accidents easily. A. result in　　B. take in　　C. hand in　　D. bring in 15. Don’t worry. Take an umbrella ________ it rains on the way home. A. in case　　B. so that　　C. even if　　D. as if 16. All the crew members ________ the plane are ready for the long flight. A. on board　　B. on duty　　C. on show　　D. on sale 17. Staying up late often ________ poor health and bad moods. A. leads to　　B. turns to　　C. comes to　　D. sticks to 18. He felt tired and soon ________ during the boring lecture. A. fell down　　B. fell asleep　　C. fell off　　D. fell over 19. People ________ are kind and hard-working are always popular around us. A. human beings　　B. strangers　　C. relatives　　D. neighbors 20. Many young people ________ new chances to improve themselves in big cities. A. look forward　　B. look to　　C. are looking to　　D. are looking up 参考答案 +解析 一、语法填空 to do 解析：be supposed to do sth. 应当做某事，后接动词原形。 invented 解析：电话是被发明的，用被动语态，invent 的过去分词是 invented。 to buy 解析：afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事，后接不定式。 None 解析：none of + 复数名词，表示“没有一个”；此处指学生中没人知道答案。 completed 解析：项目被完成，用被动语态，complete 的过去分词 completed。 certain 解析：be certain that ... 确信……，固定句型，certain 是形容词。 for 解析：be suitable for 适合……，固定搭配。 responsible 解析：be responsible for 对……负责，responsible 是形容词，注意拼写 -ible。 watering 解析：require doing sth. 需要被做，主动形式表被动意义。 produces 解析：一般现在时，主语 the factory 是单数，谓语动词用三单 produces。 balance 解析：maintain a balance 保持平衡，balance 是名词。 cooperation 解析：your 后接名词，cooperate 的名词是 cooperation 合作。 二、单项选择 参考答案 1.A　2.B　3.A　4.C　5.B　6.A　7.A　8.B　9.A　10.B　11.A　12.A　13.A　14.A　15.A　16.A　17.A　18.B　19.A　20.C 详细解析 1. 答案：A 解析：固定搭配 be supposed to do sth. 应当做某事，主语为复数，一般现在时用are supposed to。 2. 答案：B 解析：invent 发明原本不存在的事物；discover 发现原本存在的事物，爱迪生发明物品用invent，过去式为invented。 3. 答案：A 解析：afford 意为“负担得起、买得起”，常与can/can’t连用，符合买不起昂贵房子的语境。 4. 答案：C 解析：none of+复数名词/代词，表示“三者及以上中没有一个”，可回答数量提问；no one/nobody不接of结构，nothing指事物。 5. 答案：B 解析：complete 侧重“完成、竣工（使事物完整）”，常用于工程、项目；finish仅侧重动作结束，建桥竣工用complete更合适。 6. 答案：A 解析：be certain that... 确信……，固定句型；certainly是副词，不能直接跟在be动词后作表语。 7. 答案：A 解析：固定搭配 be suitable for sth. 适合某物，形容词作表语，suit为动词，不符合句式。 8. 答案：B 解析：固定短语 be responsible for sth. 对某事负责，是中考高频考点，介词固定用for。 9. 答案：A 解析：require doing sth. 主动表被动，意为“某物需要被做”，花园需要浇水，符合语法和语境。 10. 答案：B 解析：produce为动词“生产”，主语factory为单数，一般现在时谓语动词用三单形式；product是名词产品，production是名词生产。 11. 答案：A 解析：maintain a balance 固定搭配，保持平衡，符合学习与休息平衡的语境。 12. 答案：A 解析：cooperate with sb. 与某人合作，固定短语，贴合互助解题的语境。 13. 答案：A 解析：speed up 加速，固定短语，高铁提速节省时间，符合句意。 14. 答案：A 解析：result in 造成、导致（坏结果），粗心驾驶引发事故，贴合语境。 15. 答案：A 解析：in case 以防万一，引导目的状语，带雨伞以防下雨，固定用法。 16. 答案：A 解析：on board 在船/飞机/火车上，固定短语，贴合机组人员在飞机上的语境。 17. 答案：A 解析：lead to 导致、造成，熬夜引发健康问题与坏情绪，为固定搭配。 18. 答案：B 解析：fall asleep 入睡、睡着，固定短语，贴合听枯燥讲座犯困的语境。 19. 答案：A 解析：human being 人类，固定短语，泛指人群，符合句意。 20. 答案：C 解析：be looking to do sth. 试图做某事、寻求做某事的方法，固定结构，贴合年轻人寻求提升自我机会的语境。 第四部分：综合练习 一、完形填空。 阅读下面短文，从各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 What will happen if a family goes without the internet for a month? One American family decides to find out. They have ____1____ an invitation to a leading US television station, asking a film group to ___2___ their day-to-day life without technology for a month. When the film group meets the Smiths, they find that Mr. Smith, Mrs. Smith and their two kids are so crazy about technology that they ____3____ do things together. At meal times, ___4___ sits at the dining table for their food. “Everyone just runs into the kitchen, takes their food and then goes back to their screen,” Mrs. Smith explained. “ ___5___ we don’t make a change, our family will become strangers to each other!” Getting back to a life without the internet is not ____6____ , especially when the Smiths lose themselves in it. They have to make many ____7____ . For example, the two kids have to go to the school library to ___8___ books for their scientific projects, and Mr. and Mrs. Smith ____9____ go out shopping because they cannot buy things online. As the family has picked up the new lifestyle, they have found that they can ____10____ more time talking over meals, playing sports and doing all kinds of activities together. 1. A. received B. chosen C. heard D. sent 2. A. record B. direct C. join D. correct 3. A. nearly B. always C. hardly D. mostly 4. A. everybody B. nobody C. somebody D. anybody 5. A. Whether B. While C. Although D. If 6. A. easy B. difficult C. normal D. common 7. A. mistakes B. senses C. friends D. changes 8. A. buy B. borrow C. return D. steal 9. A. should B. might C. need to D. could 10. A. waste B. value C. spend D. save 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. C 2、 补全短文 根据短文内容，从下列选项中选出能填入文中空白处的最佳选项，选项中有一项为多余选项。 What is life’s greatest gift? It is choice. Choice is the ability to choose some actions from a set of things to achieve a goal. ___16___ Because it can turn us from dumb animals into artists. Choice becomes the tool we use to sculpt our life. ___17___ Choice is power. Choice is at the heart of life. It’s the creative power of life. Life is always changing and we have to make lots of choices. ___18___ We should often check where we are on our journey. We need to ask questions: Am I moving closer to my goals? If not, what action will I take now to make myself achieve my goals? In fact, we have to make choices every day. And our life becomes more convenient or comfortable because of them. ___19___ However, the big choices to sculpt our life are much more important than deciding where to shop. The more we understand the differences between small and big choices, the more pleasure we will get. ___20___ The pleasure is in the playing. All chess lovers realize that it isn’t necessary to win in order to enjoy the game. Make the best moves we can under the conditions. Then we can enjoy our life. A. Life is like a chess game. B. Why is choice so great? C. Some choices we make have nothing to do with our goals. D. If we make good use of the tool, we can have an enjoyable life. E. Each choice we make leads us closer to or farther from our goals. F. For example, we decide on simple things, like which store to shop at. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. E 19. F 20. A 四、语法填空（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式（每空不多于三个单词）。 Developments of technology make it possible for us to call our friends from a thousand kilometers away. Of course, making telephone ____41____ (call) is the most popular and quickest way of communication. However, have you ever thought about what we’re losing? As someone who likes writing and receiving letters, I often feel sad that so few people now give letter writing ____42____ chance. Many people might consider letter writing to be out of date, ____43____ I believe we should write and send letters more often. First, there is lots of love in a handwritten letter. This is why texting or calling feels ____44____ (special) than writing. Now, people usually focus on getting things in the fastest way. Handwritten letters, however, can make receivers feel much warmer because they take time for us ____45____ (prepare). When we receive a letter, we feel we are ____46____ (real) loved, remembered and missed. In fact, the process of writing a letter can make us ____47____ (feel) happy too. When we sit down and start writing, we allow ____48____ (we) to take a break from the stress of our lives. Moreover, while texts come and go, letters can ____49____ (keep) forever. We can always go back and read them again. By keeping a letter, we keep a part of that person and his or her relationship with us. So pick ____50____ your pen! Let’s bring back the art of letter writing. 【答案】41. calls 42. a 43. but 44. less special 45. to prepare 46. really 47. feel 48. ourselves 49. be kept 50. up 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $