Unit 2 Looking into the future 知识点清单-2026-2027学年人教版高中英语选择性必修第一册

人教版高中英语选修一Unit2 Looking into the future知识点清单 词汇和短语 1. persuade vt. 劝说;说服;使相信;使信服 ▫ 教材原句 P14 For example, the phrase in my opinion tells us that the passage is likely meant to persuade. 例如,“in my opinion”这个词组向我们表明这篇文章可能要说服(别人)。 ▫ 常见用法 persuade sb to do sth=persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 persuade sb not to do sth = persuade sb out of doing sth 说服某人不要做某事 persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事 persuade sb that... 使某人相信…… ● His words in the meeting made no sense, so he failed to persuade me to change my mind. 他在会议上所说的话没有道理，因此他没能说服我改变主意。 ● He persuaded me of his honesty. = He persuaded me that he was honest. 他让我相信他是诚实的。 同义词 convince vt. 使相信；使信服；说服；劝说 convince sb of sth 使某人相信某事 convince sb to do sth 说服某人做某事 联想词 ①persuasion n. [U]说服；劝服 ②persuasive adj. 有说服力的；令人信服的 ● As a new unit started, I asked everyone to write a persuasive piece on a health-related topic of their choice. 一个新单元开启时，我让所有人就自己选择的某个健康相关话题写一篇具有说服力的文章。[2025全国一卷] 2. switch vt. 转换；交换 vi. & vt. (使)改变；转变 n. 开关；转换器；改变 常用搭配 switch off/on 关/开(电灯、机器等) switch over 改变；转换(电视频道或电台) switch (over) to sth 转用/改用某事物 switch (from A) to B (从A)转换到B 教材原句 P14 Or, have you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer? 或者，你有过忘记关掉电视或电脑的经历吗？ ● In the future we might switch to a new public transport system—the underwater subway. 未来我们可能会改用一种新的公共交通系统——水下地铁。 联想拓展 turn on/off 打开/关闭 turn up 开大(声音)；重新出现；突然露面 turn down 关小(声音)；拒绝 3. distant adj. 遥远的；远处的；疏远的；远亲的；心不在焉的；不同的 教材原句 P14 However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to switch off the TV when we forget. 然而，在不远的将来，我们将生活在智能家居中，智能家居会在我们外出时为我们锁门，还会在我们忘记关电视时记得帮我们关掉电视。 ● He is a distant relative of mine. 他是我的一个远亲。 常用搭配 distant from... 与……距离远；与……不同；与……疏远 ● Their life seemed utterly distant from his own. 他们的生活与他自己的生活似乎完全不同。 ● However, after I went to high school, somehow I became distant from him. 然而，我上高中后，不知怎么地，我和他疏远了。[全国甲] 同义词 remote adj. 遥远的；冷淡的 联想词 distance n. 距离；间距 keep sb at a distance 与某人保持距离；对某人冷淡 in the distance 在远方 4. preference n. 爱好；偏爱；优惠；优先(权) 教材原句 P14 Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences, so everything will be ready for you when you get home each evening. 你的家也会了解你的日常生活和偏好，所以当你每天晚上回到家时，一切都会为你准备就绪。 常用搭配 have/show/express a preference for... 偏爱……/表现出对……的偏好 give/show (a) preference to... 给……以优惠/优待 ● Some readers might express a preference for the atmosphere of physical libraries over digital reading at home. 与在家中的数字阅读相比，一些读者可能更偏好实体图书馆的氛围。 ● When considering the candidate for the job, we give preference to interviewees with some experience.在考虑适合这份工作的人选时，我们优先考虑有一定经验的面试者。 联想拓展 prefer vt. 更喜欢 • prefer A to B 喜欢A胜过B (to为介词) • prefer to do sth/prefer doing sth 更喜欢做某事 • prefer doing A to doing B 宁愿做A而不愿做B • prefer to do A rather than do B 宁愿做A而不愿做B • prefer sb to do sth 宁愿某人做某事 5. instant ① n. 瞬间；片刻；某一时刻 教材原句 P14 Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes... 你一进家门，灯就会亮起，还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目（会自动播放）…… 常见用法 • in an instant 立刻；马上 • for an instant 瞬间；刹那间 • the instant (that) (=instantly) 一……就……（引导时间状语从句） • at that (very) instant (恰好)在那时 • I will be back in an instant. 我马上就回来。 • I recognised her in the crowd the instant (that) I saw her though we had not seen for ages. 尽管我们好长时间未见，我还是在人群中一眼认出了她。 ② adj. 立即的；速食的；速溶的 • This app offers ticket buyers instant access to a desired ticket. 这款应用软件能让购票者即刻买到想要买的票。 • To save time, an increasing number of workers choose instant food. 为了节省时间，越来越多的上班族选择方便食品。 词汇 immediate adj. 立即的；立刻的 instantly adv. 立即；马上 6. command ① n. 指令；命令；控制；(尤指对语言的)掌握，运用能力 教材原句 P14 All controls will respond to voice commands, so if you want to change your routine, you just say aloud what you want and the home system will obey. 所有的控制装置都响应语音指令，所以如果你想改变你的习惯，你只要大声说出你想要(家庭系统)做什么，家庭系统就会照办。 常用搭配 • in command of 控制；指挥 • take/have command of 指挥；控制 • have (a) good command of 精通 • be at one's command 听候某人的吩咐 • He won every round and was in total command of the fight when it ended. 他赢得了每一轮比赛，并在比赛结束时全面掌控了比赛局势。 • Applicants are expected to have (a) good command of English. 申请人必须精通英语。 ② vt. 命令；控制 常见用法 • command sb to do sth 命令某人做某事 • command that... 命令……(从句中使用虚拟语气，从句谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略) • My mother commanded me to finish the homework assigned on time. = My mother commanded that I (should) finish the homework assigned on time. 我妈妈命令我按时完成布置的家庭作业。 联想拓展 后接宾语从句时，从句用虚拟语气的词：一个坚持(insist)；两条命令(order、command)；三则建议(suggest、advise、propose)；四点要求(demand、ask、require、request)。 7. warning n. 警告；警示；先兆 教材原句 P14 If you start to have sleep or weight problems, it will send a warning to your phone. 如果你开始有睡眠或体重问题，它会向你的手机发送警告。 常用搭配 • warning against (doing) sth 不要做某事的警告 • warning about... 关于……的警告 warn vi. & vt. 警告；告诫；提醒注意（可能发生的事）；使警惕 warn (sb) of sth 警告（某人）某事 warn (sb) about/against sb/sth 提醒（某人）提防某人/某事 warn (sb) about/against doing sth 告诫（某人）不要做某事 warn sb (not/never) to do sth 警告/提醒某人（不要）做某事 • The police have warned villagers against going to remoter regions. 警方已告诫村民不要去更偏远的地区。 • It has been raining a lot recently. The government has warned people not to travel near the mountain area. 最近雨下得很大，政府已经提醒人们不要在山区附近旅行。 8. available 释义 ①adj. 可获得的；可购得的 a thing that you can get, buy or find ②adj. (人)有空的 a person who is free or not busy 教材原句 P15 Many of these new innovations are already available and being used in some homes. 许多这样的新发明已经可以购买，并正为一些家庭所使用。 • AI-driven customer service is now available 24 hours a day on many websites. 如今，在许多网站上，人工智能驱动的客户服务全天24小时都可获得。 常用搭配 be available to do sth 能够用于做某事；（人）有空做某事 be available to sb 能够被某人所用/获得 be available for sth 能够用于某事；（人）有空做某事 readily/freely/publicly/generally available 容易/免费/公开/普遍得到 • There are a number of drugs available to successfully treat malaria. 有多种药物可成功治疗疟疾。 • The store has about 500 autographed copies of the book available for purchase. 这家店有大约500本该书的签名版可供购买。 特别注意 available 可以作表语和后置定语，也可以放于名词前作定语。如：available space（可用的空间）、every available doctor（每一位有空的医生）、available evidence（现有的证据）等。 9. integrate vi. & vt. （使）合并；成为一体；（使）融入 常用搭配 integrate sth into/with sth 将某物与某物结合起来 integrate into/with sth 融入某群体或社会；和某物整合起来 integrate sb into/with sth 使某人融入（环境/群体） 教材原句 P15 A smart home is one that integrates computers into the structure of the building itself. 智能家居是将计算机融入建筑本身结构的住宅。 • The future library will integrate physical books with advanced digital resources. 未来的图书馆会将实体书籍与先进的数字资源结合起来。 • Smart home technology can help integrate elderly people into modern life safely. 智能家居技术可以帮助老年人安全地融入现代生活。 联想词 ①integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的 ②integration n. 综合；集成；融入 10. potential ① adj. 可能的；潜在的（=possible） 教材原句 P16 potential dangers 潜在的危险 • The findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure. 研究结果为减少微塑料接触展示了一条可能的路径。[2025全国一卷·改编] ② n. 潜力;可能性 常用搭配> potential for (doing) sth (做)某事的可能性 have the potential to do sth 有做某事的潜力/可能性 reach/achieve/fulfil/realise one's (full) potential 发挥/实现某人的(全部)潜力 ● Some of our previous studies show that microbes have the potential to deal with climate change. 我们之前的一些研究表明，微生物具有应对气候变化的潜力。 ● The school strives to treat pupils as individuals and to help each one to achieve their full potential. 学校力求对学生因材施教，帮助每一个学生充分发挥潜力。 联想词 potentially adv. 潜在地;可能地 11. combine vt. & vi. (使)结合;混合;联合 常用搭配> combine A with/and B 把A和B结合起来 combine to do sth 结合在一起做某事 combine... into... 将……组合成……;将……合并为…… 教材原句 P16 Care will also be taken to combine the building and surrounding architecture together to form an effective system. 还会注意将建筑和周围的建筑风格结合起来，形成一个有效的系统。 ● If he can combine his ability with hard work, he would be very successful. 如果他能把自己的能力和勤奋结合起来，他会很成功。 ● They combined the two small shops into a big one. 他们把两个小店合并成了一个大商店。 联想词 combination n. 结合体;联合;结合 ● For many years, psychologists saw identity as a combination of someone's values, beliefs, goals and social roles. 许多年来，心理学家将“自我认同”视为一个人的价值观、信仰、目标与社会角色的结合。2024京 12. oppose vt. 反对;抵制;阻挠 教材原句 P20 In the article, various people said that the public should oppose the idea of developing driverless cars. 在这篇文章中，很多人表示公众应该反对开发无人驾驶汽车的想法。 常用搭配> oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事 oppose sb doing sth 反对某人做某事 ● I would oppose changing the law. 我将反对改变这个法规。[牛津高阶] 联想词 ①opposed adj. 对立的;截然相反的 be opposed to... 反对……(to为介词) ● During the discussion, many members were opposed to my proposal, which upset me greatly. 在讨论中，许多成员反对我的建议，这使我非常沮丧。 ②opposite adj. 相反的;对立的;对面的 prep. 在……的对面 n. 对立面;反面 be opposite to... 与……相反(to为介词) ● His opinion is opposite to mine. 他的观点与我的相反。 ③opposition n. 反对;对抗 in opposition to sb/sth 强烈反对或抵制某人/某事物 meet with opposition 遭到反对/反抗 联想拓展> 表示“反对(做)某事”还可以用 object to (doing) sth。 13. absence 释义 ①n. 不存在;缺乏 not existing; the lack of sth ②n. 缺席 being away from a place where you are expected to be 常用搭配> absence from... 缺席…… in/during sb's absence 在某人不在时 in the absence of... 在缺乏……的情况下 absence of mind 心不在焉 ● He came back after three days' absence from school. 他缺课三天后回来了。 ● The decision was made in my absence. 这个决定是在我不在的时候作出的。 教材原句 P20 On the one hand, there are many different groups of people around the world who live happily in the absence of new technology. 一方面，全世界有许多不同的人群在没有新技术的情况下幸福地生活着。 ● People's absence of mind during driving has caused many accidents. 人们开车时心不在焉已经造成了很多事故。 反义词 presence n. 出席;存在 联想词 absent adj. 缺席的;不在的;缺乏的 be absent from... 缺席……;不在…… absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的(=distant);健忘的 ● He is absent from school again. 他又没来上课。 ● Love was totally absent from his childhood. 他童年时没有得到丝毫关爱。 14. advocate Ⅰvt. 提倡;支持;拥护 教材原句 P20 They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. 他们提倡简单的生活，重视努力工作、家庭和群体。 常用搭配→ advocate (sb) doing sth 提倡(某人)做某事 advocate that... (should) do sth 主张……应该做某事 ● Many experts advocate rewarding the child for good behaviour. 很多专家提倡对孩子的良好表现加以奖励。 ● The manager advocates that each person (should) play their part. 经理主张每个人都应发挥各自的作用。 Ⅱ n. 提倡者;支持者;拥护者 常用搭配→ an advocate for/of ……的拥护者;……的支持者 ● He is a strong advocate of using artificial intelligence to solve complex global problems. 他是利用人工智能解决复杂全球性问题的坚定拥护者。 15. emphasis n. 强调;重视;重要性 教材原句 P20 They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work, family, and community. 他们提倡简单的生活，重视努力工作、家庭和群体。 常用搭配→ lay/place/put emphasis on sth 强调/重视某事/物 ● It is predicted that future education will place more emphasis on creativity. 据预测，未来的教育将更加重视创造力。 同义词 stress n. [U]强调;重要性 联想词 emphasise vt. 强调;重视;着重 ● He emphasised how little was known about the disease. 他着重指出对这种疾病所知甚少。 16. keep in touch (with...) (与……)保持联系;了解(某课题或领域的情况) 教材原句 P20 Moreover, the Internet has made it possible for friends and family to keep in touch easily even if they are on opposite sides of the world. 此外，因特网使朋友和家人可以容易地保持联系，即使他们天各一方。 联想拓展→ 与“联系”有关的其他常见表达 lose touch/contact with... 和……失去联系 be/get/stay in contact/touch with... 与……进行/保持联系 ● He got in touch with me immediately after he received the letter. 他收到信后马上和我取得了联系。 17. resist vi. & vt. 抵制;反抗 vt. 抵挡;忍住 教材原句 P20 Nevertheless, I will always look on the positive side of change and accept it rather than resist it. 不过，我将始终看到改变中积极的一面，去接受它而不是抵制它。 常见用法→ resist (doing) sth 反对/抵制(做)某事 can't resist (doing) sth 忍不住做某事/抵挡不住某物的诱惑 resist the temptation/urge to do sth 忍住不去做某事 it is hard/difficult to resist (doing) sth 难以拒绝/抗拒(做)某事 ● I didn't mean to eat anything, but these cookies looked so good that I couldn't resist trying one. 我本来不打算吃东西,但是这些曲奇饼看起来太好吃了,我忍不住尝了一个。 ● It's hard to resist an invitation like that. 那样的邀请是难以拒绝的。 联想词 ①resistant adj. 有抵抗力的;抗……的;制的 be resistant to... 对……有抵抗力;抵制…… ● The older generation is often resistant to relying completely on new smart home devices. 老一辈人常常抗拒完全依赖新的智能家居设备。 ②resistance n. 抵制;反对;抗拒;抵抗;抵抗力;阻力;电阻 ● The reduction in white blood cells lowers resistance to disease. 白细胞数量的减少降低了对疾病的抵抗力。 句型解析 长难句分析 1Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. 句意 你一进家门,灯就会亮起,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放),而且你会发现晚餐已为你准备好了。 知识拓展 every time (每次)、the first/second/... time (第一/二/……次)、(the) next time (下次)、each time (每次)、the moment/minute/instant=as soon as (一……就……)等短语可作从属连词,引导时间状语从句。 ● Next time you visit Bob, remember to give him a call in advance. 下次你去看望鲍勃的时候,记得给他提前打个电话。 ● The instant I saw him, I knew he was the man the police were looking for. 我一看到他,就知道他是警方正在寻找的那个人。 2It could even be argued that the Amish's quality of life is better since they live in and appreciate the natural environment rather than living in large, polluted cities. 句意 甚至可以说,阿曼门诺派的生活质量更高,因为他们生活在自然环境中,欣赏自然环境,而不是生活在受污染的大城市里。 高频句式 句式 it took/will take+时间段+before... 花费了/还要花费……(时间)才…… 知识拓展 含有 before 的其他常用句式 (1) it+was+时间段+before... 过了多久才…… (2) it was not long before... 没过多久就…… (3) it will be+时间段+before... 要过多久才…… (4) it will not be long before... 不久就会…… 链接课文 Nevertheless, it will take some years before most new homes begin to use this new technology. 然而，要让大多数新家庭开始使用这项新技术还需要几年的时间。[P15] 经典例句 • If you miss this chance, it will be years before you get another one. 如果你错过这次机会，要过几年才能获得另外一次机会。 • John thinks it won't be long before he is ready for his new job. 约翰认为，用不了多久他就会为新工作做好准备。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $