Unit 5 Section A Grammar Focus：被动语态 课件 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

Section A Grammar Focus-4c Unit 5 Power of Ideas Understand the definition of the passive voice and master its basic structure be + done. Know the passive forms of different tenses and modal verbs.. Master special rules for the passive voice. Finish various grammar exercises of senior high school entrance examination. Objectives 被动语态全方位讲解 一、定义与构成 被动语态是动词的一种形式，主语与动作之间是被动关系，主语是动作的承受者（动作作用在主语身上）。 1.基本构成： 助动词 be + 动词的过去分词（done） 时态通过 be 的形式变化体现，过去分词始终不变。 二、常见时态的被动语态结构 时态 主动语态（例句） 被动语态（例句） 一般现在时 He cleans the room every day. The room is cleaned (by him) every day. 一般过去时 She bought a book yesterday. A book was bought (by her) yesterday. 一般将来时 They will finish the work soon. The work will be finished (by them) soon. 现在进行时 He is writing a letter. A letter is being written (by him). 过去进行时 She was making a cake. A cake was being made (by her). 现在完成时 We have planted many flowers. Many flowers have been planted (by us). 含有情态动词 的被动语态 You must hand in the homework.The homework must be handed in (by you). 被动语态全方位讲解 三、被动语态动词结构汇总 核心结构：be + done（动词过去分词） 时态只改变 be 动词形式，done 永远不变。 否定：在助动词 /be/ 情态动词后加 not；疑问:把助动词 /be/ 情态动词提到主语前面，done 位置不变 1.一般现在时被动语态动词结构：am / is / are + done eg.I am respected by all my students. 2.一般过去时被动语态动词结构：was / were + done eg.Many cultural relics were damaged during the war. 3.一般将来时被动语态动词结构：will be + done eg.The old building will be rebuilt next year. 4.现在进行时被动语态动词结构：am / is / are + being done eg.The old bridge is being repaired now. 5.过去进行时被动语态动词结构：was / were + being done eg.At that time, the valuable paintings were being studied by experts. 6.现在完成时被动语态动词结构：have / has + been done eg.A great number of historic buildings have been protected so far. 7.含情态动词的被动：情态动词 + be + done eg.These precious treasures must be well kept. 主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词+ 宾语 Some pens were bought ( by us ) 主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语 We bought pens. 四、主动句与被动句之间的转换 主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤： 1. 把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。 2. 把动词变为被动形式即be+过去分词，注意其人称和数要随主语的变化，而动词的形式则保持不变。 3. 原主动句的主语如需要，则放在by后面以它的宾格形式出现（代词的宾格），如不需要则可省略。 4. 其它的成分（定语、状语）保持不变。 过去式被动语态的几种句型 肯定句 主语 + be + 过去分词 + (by…) A novel was written by her in 1990. 否定句 主语 + be + not +过去分词 + (by…) 一般疑问句 Be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)? A novel wasn’t written by her in 1990. Was a novel written by her in 1990 ? 特殊疑问句 疑问词 + be + 主语 +过去分词 + (by…)? When was a novel written by her ? 被动语态全方位讲解 五、被动语态的使用场景 1.强调动作的承受者 例：The Great Wall was built by ancient Chinese people. （长城是古代中国人民修建的。→ 强调修建的对象是长城） 2.不知道或不必提及动作的发出者 例:This ancient tower was built in the Ming Dynasty.（这座古塔建于明朝。→无需说明 “谁建的） 六、被动语态重难点考点突破 1.带有双宾语的被动语态 1.主动句：She gave me a card.（双宾语：me 和 a card） 被动句（两种形式） I was given a card (by her). （以人作主语） A card was given to me (by her).（以物作主语，需加介词 to） 2.感官动词(see/notice/hear/...)和使役动词（make/let/...）的被动语态 主动:We heard her tell funny stories. （省略 to 的不定式作宾补） 被动:She was heard to tell funny stories.（主动句省to,被动句需还原 to） 被动语态全方位讲解 3.短语动词的被动语态 短语动词（如 take care of, look after, make good use of）作谓语时，要当作一个整体变为被动，介词 / 副词千万不能漏掉。 主动：They take care of the homeless kids. 被动：The homeless kids are taken care of (by them). 4.不及物动词没有宾语，不存在动作承受者，故无被动语态。 常见不及物动词及短语：happen, occur, take place, break out, appear, disappear, rise,come,go,die,arrive, belong to, come true,run out,come out,consist of “由......组成”。 误：A car accident was happened.（错）正：A car accident happened.（对） 5.主动形式表被动含义 1.)be worth doing 值得做某事；need/want/require doing需要被做； eg. The film is worth watching. 这部电影值得一看。✅ The film is worth being watched.❌ 2.)描述物品本身属性的动词，主语是物，常用 well/easily 修饰，形式主动，含义被动 的动词有：sell, wash, read, write, open, lock 例： This kind of cloth washes easily. 这种布料很好清洗。 This pen writes smoothly.这支笔写起来很流畅。 被动语态全方位讲解 6.系动词不存在被动语态。 常见系动词 ★be动词 am/is/are/was/were... ★感官系动词：look, sound, smell, taste, feel ★变化系动词：become, turn, get, grow ★保持系动词：keep, stay, remain ✅ The music sounds wonderful. 这首音乐听起来很棒。 ❌ The music is sounded wonderful. ✅ The cake tastes nice. 这块蛋糕尝起来很不错。 ❌ The cake is tasted nice. ✅ The leaves turned yellow. 树叶变黄了。 ❌ The leaves were turned yellow. ✅ The room remains clean. 房间保持干净。 ❌ The room is remained clean. 7.与被动结构有关的短语或高级句型（应用在写作高级表达或者常出现在完成句子题） 1.be born 出生 2.be used to do sth=be used for doing sth 被用来做某事 3.be widely used 被广泛使用 4.be used as...被用作 5.be known /well-known for.../as.../to sb 因...（特色）/身份而出名/为某人所熟知 6.be made of /from / up of / into / good use of / by sb / for / in....... 由.......制成 /......组成/ 被制成/被好好利用 /为某人制作/因......被制作/产自... 7.be thought of as=be regarded as=be considered as =be seen as被看作/视为... 8.be allowed to do sth 被允许做某事 9.be advised to do sth 被建议做某事 10.be made/seen/heard to do sth 被让/看见/听见做某事（主动省to;被动加to） 11.be compared with...与......相比较 12.be faced with...面对；面临 13.be connected/linked with...与......有关系 14.be tied to...与...紧密相联 15.be taken good care of 被照顾 16.be kept for + 一段时间 被借....(多久) 17.be sold out 被卖光 18.be chosen to be 被选为 19.be caused by 由......引起 20.be found /founded 被发现/被成立 21.be covered with 被......覆盖 22.be filled with=be full of 装满;充满 23.be separated from 和…… 被分开 24.be divided into 被划分成 25.be lost 迷路；be dressed (in) 穿着；be married 结婚 26.be expected to do sth 被期待做某事 27.be supposed to do sth 应该做某事 28.be praised被赞美/hurt受伤/burnt烧伤/beaten被打/ hit被撞/seated 就座/laughed at被嘲 笑/written by 由...所写/held被举行/worn out 穿坏 /paid much attention to ...非常关注....../be shown上演/映 said 据说，...... reported 据报道，...... believed 人们相信，...... supposed 据推测，...... generally considered （人们）普遍认为，...... advised/suggested （有人）建议，...... highly recommended 强烈推荐，...... announced that… 据宣布…… known 众所周知，...... It’s that Read the sentences. Circle the verbs in the passive voice. 4a A mini-camera is connected to the front of the glasses. The oil and salt are also added by the machine itself. Toys, chairs, tables, and even houses can all be made by the 3D printer. A radio message was sent across the Atlantic Ocean for the first time in 1901. 4b Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. The telephone (invent) by Alexander Bell in1876. People all over the world (connect) to each other through the internet. The word “robot” (introduce) for the first time in a play in 1920. was invented was introduced are connected 4. It wasn't supposed to make such a loud noise when the button (press) to start the machine. 5. It is believed that the world‘s oldest wheel (find) in Eastern Europe. was pressed was found 4c Complete the passage with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. Make a profile of the Qinghai-Xizang Railway. The Qinghai-Xizang Railway was completed in 2006. It (connect) Xining to Lhasa, a huge distance of 1,956 kilometres, and it is the highest railway in the world, reaching 5,072 metres above sea level at Tanggula Pass. connects The building of the railway was a great challenge. Creative ideas （need）to solve different problems. In summer, the top layer of the frozen ground would melt and become too soft to build on, so pipes (use) to keep the ground hard. However, in some places, it was impossible to build the railway the frozen ground, so tunnels had to (create) instead. In some other places, bridges (build) to keep the railway up above the ground. These bridges are animal-friendly and (allow) animals to pass under the tracks. were needed were used be created were built allow As an important and successful project, the railway has (increase）tourism and economic development in the area. The lessons learnt and experience gained from building this railway will help (improve) transport in other similar places in the world. increased (to) improve 强化训练 一、单项选择题 1.This kind of tea ______ in Fujian and it is very popular around the world. A. produces B. is produced C. produced D. was produced 答案：B 解析：主语 tea 与 produce 是被动关系，描述客观常态，用一般现在时被动（is produced）。 2.Many ancient buildings ______ by people hundreds of years ago. A. build B. built C. were built D. are built 答案：C 解析：时间标志 hundreds of years ago 为过去；主语 buildings 和 build 是被动关系，用一般过去时被动 were built。 3.—These valuable cultural relics ______ well. —Yes, they are our great treasure. A. must protect B. must be protected C. may protect D. should protect 答案：B 解析：情态动词 must 后接被动结构 be + 过去分词；文物是 “被保护”。 4.It’s reported that a new science museum ______ in our town in two years. A. sets up B. set up C. will set up D. will be set up 答案：D 解析：时间标志 in two years 表将来；museum 和 set up 是被动关系，一般将来时被动 will be set up。 5.Look! The old bridge ______ by workers to keep safe for cars. A. is repairing B. repairs C. is being repaired D. was repaired 答案：C 解析：提示词 Look！强调此刻正在发生；主语 bridge 与 repair 为被动关系，现在进行时被动 is being repaired。 6.Lots of new trees ______ on the hills since last spring. A. plant B. are planted C. have been planted D. were planted 答案：C 解析：时间标志 since last spring；主语 trees 和 plant 是被动关系，现在完成时被动 have been planted。 7.The children ______ to take good care of the small animals in the lab yesterday. A. told B. are told C. were told D. tell 答案：C 解析：时间标志 yesterday 为过去；主语 children 与 tell 是被动关系，一般过去时被动 were told。 8.This special material ______ widely ______ make cameras in our daily life. A. is; used to B. is; used for C. was; used to D. was; used for 答案：A 解析：be used to do sth. 被用来做某事（后接动词原形）；be used for doing sth.（后接 doing）。本空后是动词原形 make，用 to。句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时 is。故选 A。 9.This kind of cloth ______ easily, so many people like it. A. is washed B. washes C. was washed D. washed 答案：B 解析：描述布料本身易于清洗的物品属性，主动形式表被动含义，不用被动语态；陈述客观特点用一般现在时。 10.The girl ______ sing an English song at the party last night. A. was heard to B. was heard C. heard to D. heard 答案：A 解析：时间标志 last night 为过去；主语 girl 和 hear 是被动关系；感官动词 hear 主动句省 to，被动语态必须还原不定式 to，故用 was heard to。 11.The little kid ______ finish all the homework before going out by his parents last weekend. A. made B. was made to C. was made D. is made to 答案：B 解析：时间标志 last weekend 为过去；主语 kid 与 make 是被动关系；使役动词 make，被动结构 be made to do，需要还原 to，一般过去时被动 was made to。 12.These old magazines ______. You can borrow them after reading. A. take good care of B. must be taken good care of C. must take good care of D. are taking good care of 答案：B 解析：主语 magazines 和 take good care of 为被动关系；情态动词 must 后接 be + 过去分词；短语动词 take care of 变被动，介词 of 不可省略。 13.This new book ______ well and it ______ out in three days. A. sells; will be sold B. is sold; will sell C. sells; will sell D. is sold; will be sold 答案：A 解析：第一空描述书籍本身畅销的品质，主动表被动，用 sells；第二空 “卖光” 是人为动作，要用被动语态 will be sold out。 二、句型转换 1.People widely use this new kind of material in daily life.（改为被动语态） This new kind of material ______ ______ widely in daily life. 答案：is used 解析：原句一般现在时；宾语 material 变被动主语，单数，is used。 2.They will hold a sports meeting in our school next week.（改为被动语态） A sports meeting ______ ______ ______ in our school next week. 答案：will be held 解析：一般将来时被动结构 will be + 过去分词。 3.The workers built the bridge three years ago.（改为被动语态） The bridge ______ ______ three years ago. 答案：was built 解析：three years ago 一般过去时；bridge 单数，was built。 4.They include a lot of action in the animation to keep the audience entertained.（改为被动语态） A lot of action ________ ________in the animation to keep the audience entertained. 答案：is included 解析：主动语态的宾语 a lot of action 变为被动语态的主语，用一般现在时被动语态（is included）。 5.Farmers grow this popular kind of tea‑plant in the south of China.（改为被动语态） This popular kind of tea‑plant ______ ______ in the south of China. 答案：is grown 解析：原句为一般现在时；宾语 this popular kind of tea‑plant 变被动主语，单数，使用一般现在时被动 is grown。 6.The school will build a new lab for students next term.（改为被动语态） A new lab ______ ______ ______ for students next term. 答案：will be built 解析：一般将来时被动结构 will be + 过去分词。 7.Some scientists invented this useful machine two years ago.（改为被动语态） This useful machine ______ ______ two years ago. 答案：was invented 解析：two years ago 提示一般过去时；machine 为单数主语，一般过去时被动 was invented。 8.Workers are repairing the old museum at the moment.（改为被动语态） The old museum ______ ______ ______ at the moment. 答案：is being repaired 解析：at the moment “此刻” 为现在进行时；主语 museum 和 repair 为被动关系，现在进行时被动 is being repaired。 9.People must take good care of these ancient works of art.（改为被动语态） These ancient works of art ______ ______ good care of. 答案：must be taken 解析：情态动词 must 的被动结构为 must be + 过去分词；短语动词 take care of 变被动，介词 of 不可省略。 三、填空题（用括号内动词适当形式填空） Every year, thousands of visitors ______ (welcome) to enjoy the local art shows. He ______ (give) a chance to take part in the competition last month. Look! The posters ______ (put) up on the wall to call on people to save water. It is believed that more green parks ______ (build) in our city in the coming years. Daming ________ (choose) for the school football team last year. So far, many old houses in the town ________ (protect) by the government. The broken bridge ________ (repair) by some workers at this time yesterday. These valuable cultural relics ________ (must / keep) away from too much sunlight. The little boy ________ (see) to pick flowers in the garden by us yesterday afternoon. This kind of new machine ________ (not / use) widely in our daily life now. A lot of new trees ________ (plant) on the mountains when I got there last spring. It’s reported that the problem ________ (solve) as soon as possible. 参考答案:1.are welcomed，2.was given，3.are being put，4.will be built，5.was chosen，6.have been protected，7.was being repaired，8.must be kept，9.was seen，10.isn’t used，11.were being planted，12.will be solved 四. 用所给动词的适当形式填空。  1. The mooncake was ______ (make) by my grandpa. Would you like to have some? 2. The Egyptian pyramids are ________ (know) all over the world. 3. This joke was ______ (tell) by my grandma last week. 4. Was a new bridge ______ (build) in your village last year? made known told built 5. History is _________ by the people. (make) 6. Tom is often _________ to do housework by his parents. (ask) 7. The novel ______________  by her in 1990. (write) 8. The bike ______________ last night. (repair) made asked was written was repaired 五. 将下列句子变为被动语态。 1.His friend bought him a notebook last week. 2. They often hear the girl sing beautifully in her classroom. 3.Jack wrote an email last month. A notebook was bought for him by his friend last week. An email was written by Jack last month. The girl is often heard to sing happily (by them) in her room. 4. He bought a lot of clothes this summer. 5. Many people respect the great inventor. A lot of clothes were bought this summer. The great inventor is respected (by many people). 6. They will complete the new museum next year. The new museum will be completed next year. 7. People have planted many trees around the ancient tower. Many trees have been planted around the ancient tower. Homework Write some sentences about your favorite invention using the passive voice. Review the key points of passive voice . Preview 4b and 4c. 29 $