Unit 3 Family Matters Using language Tense 时态课件 -2026-2027学年高一英语外研版必修第一册

动词的时态 CONTENTS (1) 时态的定义 (2) 标志词 (3) 句型转换 (4) 即时训练 观察以下句子是用什么来体现不同的时态的？ I do my homework. 我做我的作业。 I did my homework yesterday. 我昨天做了家庭作业。 I will do my homework tomorrow. 我明天会做我的家庭作业。 I am doing my homework now. 我正在做我的家庭作业。 在英语中，不同时间里发生的动作或存在的状态，要用谓语动词的不同形式来表示，谓语动词的这种不同形式称为动词的时态。 动词有哪些时态？ 一般现在时 work/works 一般过去时 worked 一般将来时 shall/will work 现在进行时 am/is/are working 过去进行时was/were working 现在完成时 have/has worked （一）一般现在时 一般现在时表示______________________________、_______________、 _____________或______________等。如： 经常发生或习惯性的动作 主语的特征 客观真理 名言警句 经常发生的动作 主语的特征 客观真理 名言警句 I often get up at 7 in the morning. He is stubborn. The earth moves around the sun. Pride goes before a fall（骄兵必败）. 一般现在时的标志词 always 总是 usually 通常 often 经常 seldom 很少 never 从不 sometimes 有时 from time to time 不时地 twice a week 一周两次 every morning 每天早上 下面哪个句子是一般现在时？ I ate breakfast at 6:45 yesterday. I am going to buy a present next Sunday. Look! She is singing an English song. My mother gets up at 6 o’clock everyday. ✔ × × × be动词的 一般现在时 一般现在时中主语对应的be动词形式 am is are be动词的一般现在时肯定句为：主语+be+其他. 主语不同，be动词的形式不同。 当主语是第一人称单数时（I），be动词用am 例：I am a student. 当主语是第三人称单数时(he,she,it…),be动词用is 例：He is a student. 当主语是第二人称单数或各人称复数时，be动词用are 例：You are a student./ We are students. be动词的缩写 完整形式 缩写 I am I’m he/she/it is he’s/she’s/it’s we/you/they are we’re/you’re/they’re 一般现在时be动词的否定和疑问形式 观察下列一般现在时的句子是如何变为否定句和疑问句的？ Sarah is a teacher. Sarah is not a teacher. They are beautiful flowers. They are not beautiful flowers. be动词的否定形式是在be后加not；疑问形式是把be提至主语前，句末用？问号。(is not= isn’t are not= aren’t) 例：He / She is not / isn’t a teacher. 他/她不是老师。 Are you a worker? 你是工人吗？ Is Sarah a teacher? Are they beautiful flowers? 一般疑问句的肯定与否定回答 肯定回答为：Yes, 主语+be. 否定回答为：No, 主语+be+not. 例： Is he a magician? ____________. Is she a doctor? ______________. Yes, he is No, she is not/ isn’t B e 动 词 练 一 练 1.I ____ eleven years old. 2.It ____ a tiger. 3.The dog ____ cute. 4.The water ____ hot. 5.We _____ in the room. am is is is are B e 动 词 练 一 练 1.The books are on the desk.(改为否定句) ____________________________________ 2.He is a great teacher.(改为否定句) ____________________________________ 3.Jone and Mike are good friends.(改为否定句) ____________________________________ 4.She is Amy.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定否定回答) ____________________________________ The books aren’t on the desk. He isn’t a great teacher. Jone and Mike aren’t good friends. Is she Amy? Yes, she is. / No, she isn’t. 实义动词的 一般现在时 实义动词 实义动词即行为动词，表示动作的词。同学们能试着举例吗？ come go walk run wait lie… 实义动词的一般现在时 当主语是第一、二人称单数或各人称的复数形式时，谓语动词用实义动词原形； I want to go to the park with you. They often play basketball after school. 1 2 当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词用实义动词第三人称单数形式； Lily goes to school on foot every day. 实义动词的一般现在时 I You We They He She It + + swim. read. go. watch. swims. reads. goes. watches. FILL IN THE BLANK Complete each sentence by changing the verb(动词) in ( ) to present tense(一般现在时). 1 I ________ (take) a bus to school every day. 2 You ________ (read) books every day. 3 We ________ (walk) with my dog every day. 4 They ________ (swim) every day. 5 He ________ (do) homework every day. 6 She ________ (draw) every day. 7 It ________ (play) every day. take read walk swim does draws plays 19 FILL IN THE BLANK Circle the correct answer. 1 I ( play / plays ) table tennis every Monday. 2 You ( read / reads ) story books every night. 3 We ( go / goes ) to library every afternoon. 4 They ( have / has ) dinner at eight every night. 5 He ( drink / drinks ) apple juice every morning. 6 She ( sleep / sleeps ) early every night. 7 It ( play / plays ) the ball every day. 20 实义动词的一般现在时的否定形式 观察下列一般现在时的句子是如何变为否定句的？ I want to go to the cinema. I don’t want to go to the cinema. 实义动词的一般现在时的否定形式 观察下列一般现在时的句子是如何变为否定句的？ He doesn’t like taking photos in the park. She likes taking photos in the park. 总结 实义动词的一般现在时的否定形式是“don’t(do not) / doesn’t +实义动词原形”。 例：He works inside. He does not work inside. 实义动词的一般现在时的疑问形式 观察下列一般现在时的句子是如何变为一般疑问句的？ She likes the skirt. Does she like the skirt? They read English every morning. Do they read English every morning? 助动词does提前，likes(单三)变为原形like 助动词do提前，实义动词read不变 肯定回答： Yes,主语+do/does. 否定回答： No,主语+do/does+not. 总结 实义动词的一般现在时的一般疑问形式是在句首加do或does，句中的实义动词用原形，句尾用问号。 例：He works inside. Yes, he does. Does he work inside? No, he doesn’t. 肯回： 否回： 按照要求改写句子 1.Daniel watches TV every evening. (改为否定句) ____________________________________________ 2.I do my homework every day.（改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ___________________________________________________ 3.She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) ____________________________________________ 4.Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) __________________________________________________ 5.We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) ____________________________________________ Daniel doesn’t watch TV every evening. Do you do your homework every day? No, I don’t. Does she like milk? Yes, she does. Does Amy like playing computer games? No, she doesn’t. We don’t go to school every morning. 改错 1.Is your brother speak English? ____________ 2.Does he likes going fishing? ____________ 3.He likes play games after class. ____________ 4.Mr. Wu teachs us English. ____________ 5.She don’t do her homework on Sundays. __________ Does like playing teaches doesn’t 关于have的用法 实义动词have（has）在表示“有”时，在口语中的否定形式为haven’t / hasn’t或have / has not；变为疑问句时可直接把have / has放在句首，也可借助助动词do / does。如： The boy hasn’t a computer. = The boy doesn’t have a computer. 这个男孩没有电脑。 (二)一般过去时 （二）一般过去时 一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。 现在 未来 过去 一般过去时的构成的分类 1 2 be动词的一般过去时 实义动词的一般过去时 例： 例： Nina was here just now. I played football last Monday. be动词的一般过去时 be动词 was were 在一般过去时中，be有was与were两种形式，主语不同，be动词的形式不同。 当主语是第一、三人称单数时，be动词用was。 I was a little boy ten years ago. She was sad at the bad news. 当主语是第二人称单数或各人称复数时，be动词用were。 You were silly to do so. They were ready for the coming exam. Fill in the blanks with “was” or “were” (1) He ______ angry. (2) He ______ happy. (3) Donald Duck _____ sleepy. (4) They ______ cute. (5) It ______ rainy. was was was were was be动词的一般过去时的否定形式和疑问形式 be动词的一般过去时的否定形式是在be后加not；其疑问形式是把be提至主语前，句末用问号。(was not= wasn’t; were not= weren’t) He was in when his mother came back . not He was the best students in your class . Was he ? 请将句子变为否定句： 请将句子变为疑问句： 肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were. 否定回答：No, 主语+was/were + not. 一般过去时的标志词 last year 去年 yesterday 昨天 a moment ago 刚才 just now 刚才 in the past 过去 句型转换 1.My parents are at home yesterday. (yesterday, at work) ____________________________________________________ 2.The king is very happy today. (把today改成yesterday) The king _______ very happy _____________. 3.Today is Monday. (the day before yesterday) ____________________________________________________ 4.Tom had a big birthday party last Sunday.(改为否定句) Tom ________ _________ a big birthday party last Sunday. 5.The boy tries on a new T-shirt.(改为一般过去时) The boy __________ __________ a new T-shirt. 6.I can make a cake now. (用one year ago改写句子) I _______ ________ a cake ________ ________ _________. My parents were at work yesterday. was yesterday The day before yesterday was Saturday. didn’t have tried on could make one year ago (三)一般将来时 一般将来时的定义 He will go to play football tomorrow. 一般将来时表示未来某个时间将要发生的动作或存在的状态。 一般将来时的构成 请找出下列一般将来时句子划线部分的规律： 我明天将去看一场电影。 I will see a film tomorrow. 她下周开始学习英语。 She will learn English next week. 我们下周五要去购物。 We will go shopping next Friday. will+动词原形 一般将来时的构成 1 will/shall+动词原形 所有人称 第一人称 例：I will be glad to see you = I shall be glad to see you. 否定形式：”will/shall+动词原形”的否定形式是在will/shall后加not，will not的缩写形式是won’t。其疑问形式是把will/shall提至句首，句末用问号。如： I won’t go to bed until I finish the homework. not until 直到…才 Will you come to have dinner with me? 一般将来时的构成 2 be going to+动词原形 be动词的形式随着人称的变化而变化 例： 1.We ________ going to discuss the matter. 2.I think it ___________ going to rain soon. are is 一般情况下，“will+动词原形” 与 “be going to + 动词原形”这两种结构可以互换。 They will meet at the school gate at eight tomorrow. They are going to meet at the school gate at eight tomorrow. 一般将来时两种构成的区别 We will buy a car someday. 我们总有一天会买车。 We are going to buy a car this month. 我们这个月要买车。 语气较为不肯定 语气肯定 1.描述“未来”的活动或状态。 2.预期未来可能发生之事 说明未来有买车的计划 说明近期之内的购车计划 1.描述“近期之内”之计划或打算 2.表示几乎确定会发生之事 一般将来时的否定句 1 2 主语+will+not+动词原形 主语+be动词+not going to+动词原形 例 例 = = We will not move to New York. We are not going to move to New York. I am not going to go to the college. I will not go to the college. 一般将来时的疑问句与答句 只要将一般将来时句子中的助动词will或be动词移到句首，即成疑问句。 1 肯定疑问句 Will+主语+动词原形+…？ Be动词+主语+going to+动词原形+…? 1.James will invite Julie to his party.(改为一般疑问句) →________________________________________________ 2.You are going to stay with us.(改为一般疑问句) →________________________________________________ Will James invite Julie to his party? Are you going to stay with us? 一般将来时的疑问句与答句 请继续对这两个一般疑问句作出肯定与否定回答： 1.Will James invite Julie to his party? →___________________________________________ 2.Are you going to stay with us? →___________________________________________ Yes, he will. / No, he will not. Yes, I am. / No, I’m not. 总结： 助动词will 肯回：Yes，主语+will. 否回：No，主语+will+not. be动词 肯回：Yes，主语+be. 否回：No，主语+be+not. 一般将来时的疑问句与答句 1 肯定疑问句 Will+主语+动词原形+…？ Will+主语+not+动词原形+……? Be not的缩写式+主语+going to+动词原形+……? Be动词+主语+not going to+动词原形+……? .Dad won’t go shopping with us.(改为疑问句) →________________________________________________ 2.John isn’t going to retire.(改为疑问句) →________________________________________________ Won’t Dad go shopping with us? Isn’t John going to retire? 47 一般将来时的标志词 tomorrow 明天 soon 很快 next year 明年 next week 下周 next month 下个月 in a few days几天之后 in the future 将来 一、用正确的形式填空 1. I _____________ (go) to the bookstore tomorrow. 2. He _____________ (climb) a mountain this weekend. 3. She _____________ (go) ice-skating next Sunday. 4.We _______________ (plant) trees next week. 5. They ________________ (swim) tomorrow afternoon. 6. I will ____________ (go) fishing. 7. Will he __________ (do) the dishes? 8. Are you ____________ (read) books tomorrow? 9. Today is a sunny day. We _______________ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 10. My brother ___________ (go) to Shanghai next week. am going to go is going to climb is going to go are going to plant are going to swim go do going to read are going to have will go 二、按要求改变句型 I’m going to write an e-mail.(改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答) ____________________________________________________ 2. She is going to drink water. (改为一般疑问句，并作肯定回答) ____________________________________________________ 3. He will play chess. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) ____________________________________________________ 4. We are going to the science museum. (改为一般疑问句，并作否定回答) ____________________________________________________ 5. It is going to rain. (改为一般疑问句) ____________________________________________________ Are you going to write an e-mail? Yes, I am. Is she going to drink water? Yes, she is. Will he play chess? No, he won’t. Are you going to the science museum? No, we aren’t. Is it going to rain? (四)现在进行时 现在进行时的定义 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作或发生的事情。 例 The dog is running! be+doing 现在进行时的构成 现在进行时的基本形式为“be动词+doing”, be动词的形式随着人称的变化而变化。 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 单数 复数 I 我 we 我们 you 你 you 你们 he 他 she 她 it 它 they 他们 be动词口诀 be动词真伟大，生了am、is、are I用am you用are he, she, it, 用is 单用is，复用are 现在进行时的否定形式和疑问形式 现在进行时的否定形式是在be动词后加not；其疑问形式是把be动词提至句首，句末用问号。 填空： 1. I _________ ___________. 我在工作。 2. He __________ __________ his homework. 他没在做家庭作业。 3. __________ you ____________ a letter? 你在写信吗？ am working isn’t doing Are writing 现在进行时的标志词 now 现在 此刻 at the moment look 看 listen 听 What are they doing? They are/He is/She is…… (五)过去进行时 过去进行时的定义 过去进行时表示在过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作，基本形式为“was/were+doing”，第一、三人称单数后用was，其余各人称以及复数形式后用were。 What was he doing? What were they doing? He was taking a bath. They were watching TV. 1 2 59 过去进行时的否定形式和疑问形式 过去进行时的否定式是在was/were后加________;其疑问形式是把________________提至句首，句末用_____________. was/were 问号 not 填空 1.昨天一早晨他都在工作。 He __________ ______________ yesterday morning. 2.你给我打电话的时候我正在吃晚饭。 I __________ _____________ dinner when you called me. 3.那个时候她没有画画。 She __________ __________ __________ at that time. 4.昨天晚上下雨了吗？ _________ it ___________ last night? was working was having was not painting Was raining 过去进行时的标志词 at that time 那时 this time yesterday 昨天这个时候 last night 昨晚 last Saturday 上周六 用正确的形式填空 1.-What did you talk about with Mary? -Nothing. She ___________________ (make) a call to someone, so I just nodded to her and went away. 2.I saw John in the bookstore yesterday. He ______________ (read) a book at that moment. 3.-I didn’t see you at the party last night? -I __________________ (work) on my English report at that time. 4.They ________________ (eat) lunch at 11:30 a.m. yesterday. was making was reading was working were eating (六) 现在完成时 现在完成时的定义 现在完成时表示过去发生的动作对现在产生的影响和结果。 I have watered the flowers. 我已经浇过花了。 （现在不用再浇了） 现在完成时的构成 I have watered the flowers. 主语 助动词 过去分词 主语+have/has+动词的过去分词 注：第三人称单数后用has，第一人称单数及其余各人称复数形式后用have。现在完成时的否定形式是在have/has后加not；其疑问形式是把have/has提至句首，句末用问号。 I have finished the task. 否定句：___________________________________. 疑问句：___________________________________. I have not (haven’t) finished the task. Have you finished the task? 现在完成时的标志词 already 已经 yet 已经 just 刚刚 ever 曾经 never 从未 before 以前 填入适当的时间副词 1.He has ______________ been to Paris. 他已经去过巴黎了。 2.I’ve washed my clothes _____________. 我已经洗完衣服了。 3.Have you ____________ been to Australia? 你曾去过澳大利亚吗？ 4.I have ____________ travelled by train before. 我以前从来没有乘火车旅行过。 already already ever never 现在完成时的用法 现在完成时除了表示过去发生的动作对现在有影响，还可表示过去已经发生并持续到现在的动作或状态。 过去发生的动作对现在有影响 过去已经发生并持续到现在的动作或状态 He has already arrived.他已经到了。 I have lived here since 2003.自从2003年以来我就住在这里。 since+时间点 观察下面两个句子 1 2 He has gone to Japan. He has been to Japan. gone to been to “have/has gone to+地名”表示“到某地去了”，说明人已到某地或在去某地的途中。 “have/has been to+地名”表示”曾经去过某地”，说明人已经回来了。 填空 1.-Where have you been? -I ______ ______ to the library. 2.-Where’s Jim? -He’s not here. He ______ ______ to England with his family. have been has gone Thanks! $