Unit4 语法状语从句宾语从句课件2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语下册

状 语 从 句 & 宾 语 从 句 Adverbial & Object Clause Unit 4 - Grammar 一、状 语 从 句 Adverbial Clause 状语：是用来修饰 动词，形容词，副词或句子 的一种句子成分。 它可以表示时间、地点、原因、结果、目的、条件、让步、比较、方式等。 当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。 状语从句的分类 Point 九 大状 从 1.时间状语从句 2.地点状语从句 3.原因状语从句 4.结果状语从句 5.目的状语从句 6.条件状语从句 7.方式状语从句 8.让步状语从句 9.比较状语从句 1.时间状语从句的引导词 Point 连词 含义 用法 when 当....时 1.若主句的动词是短暂性动词，从句的动词是延续性动词，则when和while都可用。 Our teacher came into the classroom when / while we were chatting. 2.若主句和从句表示两个同时进行的持续性动作,则要用while. 3. 若从句的动词是短暂性动词，则要用when。 4.若主句和从句的动作不是同时发生,而是有先后顺序,则用when. 5. when作并列连词“这时(突然)”,while作并列连词“而,却”. He was ready to leave home when the phone rang. I like watching action movies while she likes watching comedies. 6. when引导的时间状语从句，时态遵循“主将从现” while as 当......时 as引导的从句的动作与主句动作同时发生.但不用进行时,多用一般过去时。 The students took notes as they listened. before 在…之前 主句的动作发生在从句动作之前。时态“主将从现” He left before the rain started. after 在…之后 主句的动作发生在从句动作之后。时态“主将从现” She smiled after she won. since 自从 从句用一般过去时，主句常用现在完成时。 I've lived here since I was born. as soon as 一…就… 从句动作一发生,主句的动作随即发生。 时态“主将从现” I will visit you as soon as I come back. until / till 直到 1. until和till通常可互换，但till不用于句首； 2. “not…until”“直到……才……”。 2.原因状语从句的引导词 Point 连词 含义 用法 because 因为 表示因果关系的语气最强， 用来回答why引导的问句。 She cried because she fell off the bike. since 因为; 既然 表示因果关系的语气比because弱，引出的原因通常是人们已知的事实，因此常译为“既然”。(多位于句首) Since everyone is here, let's begin. as 因为 as语气比since弱, 所引出的原因通常是人们已知的事实或在说话人看来已经很明显的原因。(多位于句首) As she is not well, I decide to go alone. now that 既然由于 强调已知、显而易见的原因(放句首或句中都可以）。 时态：主从句时态保持一致。 Now that you know the truth, I won’t hide it. We can go out now that the rain has stopped. 雨停了，我们可以出去了。 for 因为 放句中，补充说明，常用于推断。 I decided to stop and have lunch, for I was feeling quite hungry. 3.条件状语从句的引导词 Point 连词 含义 用法 if 如果 时态： 主将从现 If it rains, I'll stay at home. unless 除非, 如果不 = if…not We'll be late unless you hurry. = We'll be late if you don't hurry. as long as 只要 You can go out as long as you finish your homework 4.让步状语从句的引导词 Point 连词 含义 用法 although 虽然;尽管 不能与but连用,但能与yet或still连用。 Although / Though it rained, we went out. though even if 即使（虚拟语气, 事情未必是真的) Even if you don’t agree, I still stick to my idea. even though 虽然（事实，事情已经是真的） He smiled even though he was sad. whenever / wherever / whatever / whoever = no matter ... 无论...... I feel happy whenever I see you. 5.目的状语从句的引导词 Point 连词 含义 用法 so that 以便；为了 John stood up so that he could see the blackboard clearly. in order that 为了…… 可置于主句前或主句后. He left early in order that he could arrive on time. 6.结果状语从句的引导词 Point 连词 含义 用法 so...that 如此.....,以至于 so + adj. / adv. + that 从句 The lamp light is so bright that it causes light pollution. such…that such + n. + that 从句 He made such an inspiring speech that everybody got so excited. 注：当名词前有“ 多多少少 ”（many / much / few / little)修饰时, 只能用so . so that 以至于; 所以 主句+ so that + 从句（含情态动词） 目的状从 主句+ so that + 从句（不含情态动词） 结果状从 二、宾 语 从 句 Object Clause 定义：在复合句中，充当宾语的从句叫做宾语从句，它在句中可以充 当及物动词、介词或形容词的宾语。 宾语从句的类别： 动词宾语从句 I know what he wants to do. 我知道他想做什么。 介词宾语从句 We are talking about who should go there. 我们正在谈论谁该去那里。 形容词 宾语从句 I am sure that I will pass the exam. 我确信我会通过考试。 引导词 语 序 时 态 3.特殊疑问句 that if / whether wh- 疑问词 宾语从句三要素 1.主现从任 2.主过从必过 3.真理永一现 1.陈述句 2.一般疑问句 陈述句语序 引导词 that 陈述句 if / whether 一般疑问句 when/where/how/why/who/whose/which/what 特殊疑问句 选择引导词的时候最重要的是看从句的语气，如果从句是陈述句语气的话我们需要用that来引导 17 宾语从句的引导词 Point 1. 从句为陈述句时，用that引导，that在句中不做成分，只起连接作用，口语中常省略。 I know (that) he is from Canada. 我知道他来自加拿大。 2. 从句为一般疑问句时，用if或whether引导, 从句要用陈述句语序。 She asked if / whether I could help her with her homework. 3. 从句为特殊疑问句时, 用特殊疑问词，引导从句要用陈述句语序。 Alice wants to know if /whether she has passed the exam. 结构: 主语 + 谓语 + that + 从句（陈述句） that在非正式文体中可以省略 I know (that) he is from Canada. 主语 谓 语 宾 从 Point 由 that引导的宾语从句 由if / whether引导的宾语从句 结构: 主语 + 谓语 + whether / if + 从句（一般 / 选择疑问句） whether/if 表示“是否”，在句中不充当句子成分， if/whether可互换。 Alice wants to know if / whether she has passed the exam. 主语 谓 语 宾 从 Point if 或 whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，一般情况下，两者常可换用。以下情况，只能用whether 只用 whether 不定式之前 He wondered whether to stay here the next week. whether … or not 的短语 I don't know whether or not they will come. 介词后 It depends on whether I have enough time. 宾从在句首表强调时 Whether he will attend the meeting, I am not sure. 介词not不定式，句首只能用whether Point 由特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，疑问词就是连词，这时疑问词不可省略，而且宾语从句要用陈述语序。 疑问词 连接代词：who，whom，whose，which，what  连接副词：where，how，why，when 结构 : 1. 主语 + 谓语 + wh- + 从句 2. 主语 + 谓语 + wh- + 谓语 + ... 从 句 从句用陈述语序 what which 指 物 作主语/宾语/表语 指 人 主语/宾语/表语 宾 语 定 语 时间 地点 原因 方式 在句中作状语 Point Point 连接代词 VS 连接副词 who whom whose when where why how Point 宾语从句的时态 时态要：前后呼应 a. 主句是一般现在时，从句根据实际情况选用不同的时态；( 主现从任 ） b. 主句是一般过去时，从句要用相应的过去时态。( 主过从必过 ） c.若从句表示自然规律,客观事实,科学事实真理或名言警句等时，无 论主句用任何时态，从句仍用_一般现在时。 ( 真理永一现） Point 宾语从句的时态 主句的时态 从句的时态 变为宾语从句前 变为宾语从句后 一般现在时 时态保持不变 一般过去时 一般现在时 一般过去时 一般过去时 一般过去时 一般将来时 过去将来时 现在进行时 过去进行时 现在完成时 过去完成时 Point 宾语从句的否定前移 当主句的谓语是think, believe, guess, suppose等表示“认为、相信、猜想、期望”等意思的动词时： 主句的主语是第一人称, 时态为一般现在时时, 从句的否定一般要转移到主句上。 I think teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes.（改为否定句） →I don't think teenagers should be allowed to choose their own clothes. 我认为青少年不应该被允许选择自己的衣服。 Point 宾语从句与复合不定式短语的互换 1. 若主句的主语与从句的主语一致，则由疑问词引导的宾语从句可以变成“疑问词+动词不定式”这一结构。 I don't know how I should do it next. = I don't know how to do it next. 1. Tom rushed into the house ___ his mother was cooking. A. as B. before C. while D. after 2. I will return it to the library ___ I finish reading Little Women. A. as soon as B. as if C. even though D. so that 3. Jack has learned more about teamwork ___ he joined the soccer team. A. until B. since C. while D. though 4. Practice is very important. You will forget the new words ___ you often use them. A. when B. unless C. if D. until C A B B 5. - Linda, do you know ________ for the school trip this term? - Yes. We are going to the Capital Museum. A. where we are going B. where we went C. where are we going D. where did we go 6. Our country will be much better for everyone in future ________ we all do something to help now. A. if B. before C. so that D. even though 7. - John, can you tell me ________ in the future? - I want to be a football player. A. what will you do B. where will you go C. what you will do D. where you will go A A C 8. - Do you know ________ this afternoon? - I’m not sure, but I’ll tell you as soon as she ________. A. what time Betty will arrive; starts B. what time will Betty arrive; starts C. what time Betty arrives; will start 9. 4.You can’t cut smog ______ you stop burning waste. A. if B. unless C. that 10. The chemical water is ______ dirty _____ all fish died in the pond. A. so; that B. such; that C. too; to A B A 11. I never realized _____ single-use chopsticks waste lots of wood. A. whether B. that C. why 12. ______ recycling is helpful, we still need to produce less waste first. A. While B. If C. Unless 二. 选词填空（ how, why, whether, unless, as soon as） 1.I don’t know _________ this old tyre can be recycled again. 2.We won’t reduce pollution _________ every citizen forms green habits. 3.I wonder _________ waste chemicals hurt people’s health deeply. B A whether unless how 4. the rain stops, we will pick up rubbish along the riverbank. 5.Could you tell me ______ noise pollution influences our sleep? 6.No one knows _________ the landfill will be closed in five years. 7.We can’t save water _________ we stop wasting it every day. As soon as why whether unless Thanks ! $