内容正文:
Unit 2
Sports culture
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
Those who want to participate in the competition are supposed to present relevant materials before
May 21. 想参加比赛的人应该在5月21日前提交相关材料。
participate ...参加……;参与……
高频词汇精讲
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①participant n.参加者;参与者
②participation n.参加;参与
participation in...参加……;参与……
participate (in) 参与/参加活动、讨论等,指以一个积极的角色参加;通常可以和take part (in)/join in互换,但
participate (in)更为正式
join 指加入某党派、组织、社会团体或军队成为其中的一员,还可表示参与某种活动(宾语是活动)或加入某人/与某人一道(宾语是人);常用结构:join sb. for sth./in doing sth.
join in 通常指参加某种小型活动,尤指和其他人一起参加某项活动;常用结构:join in (doing) sth.
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
take part (in) 尤指参加群众性的、有组织的活动、会议、劳动、游行等,参加者往往持有积极的态
度,在活动中起一定的作用
①[2025北京]Join us TransForm, the interactive summer camp that helps you teens find your pas-
sion by participating various activities and connecting with others.
②[2025浙江1月]In her study, Martin asked (participant) to rate their attachment to male, female,
and genderless versions of a digital voice assistant and a self-driving car known as “Miuu.”
③[2023浙江1月] Last weekend, I (participate) in a “Getting to Know the Plants Around Us”
activity organized by our students union.
④[2022新高考Ⅰ]More importantly, it is (participate) rather than the result that matters to you.
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
答案
用法归纳:in
即时巩固:①for;in ②participants ③participated
④participation
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
You’ll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place,
and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. 你将与更少的游客竞争、省钱、体验一个受
欢迎的地方的不同一面,并在旅游业传统上较慢的时候促进经济发展。 [2024新课标Ⅱ]
Museums must compete for people’s spare time and money with other amusements.为了(获取)人
们的业余时间和金钱,博物馆必须和其他娱乐活动竞争。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①compete ...参加……比赛
②compete /against...与……对抗/竞争
③compete ...为……而竞争
①competition n.比赛;竞争
be in competition with...与……竞争
②competitive adj.有竞争力的;竞争的
③competitor n.竞争者;对手;参赛者
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①[2024新课标Ⅱ]You’ll compete fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a
popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.
②[2023新课标Ⅰ]On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed a cross-country race in Minnesota.
③[2023新课标Ⅰ]Her delay came because she was carrying a (compete) across the finish line.
④[2023新课标Ⅰ]Well, the training is very (compete), weightlifting and running every day.
⑤[2026安徽合肥市第七中学月考]Every month, we hold “Green Campus” campaigns, such as tree-
planting in the school playground and waste-sorting (compete) in classrooms.
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
答案
用法归纳:①in ②with ③for
即时巩固:①with/against ②in ③competitor
④competitive ⑤competitions
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate
each other to stay on track.本科生杰西卡·平克建议和朋友一起参加在线课程,这样你们就可以互相激
励,坚持下去。[2024浙江1月]
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①be motivated ... 被……激励
②motivate sb. sth.激励某人做某事
①motivation n.动力,诱因;积极性
the motivation for (doing) sth.(做)某事的动机/原因
②motivated adj.有积极性的
①[2024北京]More generally, social instincts motivate us (learn) how to behave in a socially com-
plex world.
②Her (motivate) for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
答案
用法归纳:①by ②to do
即时巩固:①to learn ②motivation
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
The CEO has proposed to proceed with a deal to buy the platform at the original price, according
to a report.据报道,这位首席执行官打算继续以原价收购该平台。
There was not enough evidence to proceed against him.没有足够的证据起诉他。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
The errors of youth often proceed from the lack of judgement.青年时代的错误往往是由于缺乏
判断力。
①proceed sth.继续某事
②proceed to do sth.接着做某事
③proceed sb.起诉某人
④proceed sth.由……引起;起因于;是……的结果
①process n.过程;进程;步骤;工序 v.加工;处理;审阅
in the process在此过程中
in the process of在……的进程中
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
②proceedings n.[pl.]事件;过程;一系列行动
①He pulled back the curtains and then proceeded (open) the window.
②Despite difficulties he still made a resolution to proceed environmental causes.
③然后我发起了这项运动,在帮助别人的过程中,我也可以推动自己一点一点地前进。
Then I launched the campaign, and , I could
also push myself forward, bit by bit.
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
答案
用法归纳:①with ③against ④from
即时巩固:①to open ②with ③in the process of helping others
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
It is such a beautiful place that it definitely deserves ranking among Chinas top scenic spots.这是
一个非常美丽的地方,绝对值得进入中国顶级风景区的行列。
This could rank with the greatest movies ever made.这能够与有史以来拍摄的最优秀的影片相
媲美。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
Ranks of trees along the road stood there against the cold wind, just like the brave soldiers. 沿路排
排站的树木像勇敢的战士一样抵御着寒风。
①rank 属于……之列
②rank as列为……
③rank 与……并列
④rank first/second/...排名第一/二/……
⑤in the front rank在前列
⑥in ranks成排地;成列地
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①[2023全国甲]It’s the only Thai restaurant that ranks the top 10 of the world’s 50 best restau-
rants list.
②得知你在上周举办的英语演讲比赛中排名第一,我写信表示衷心的祝贺。
Learning that you held last week,I
am writing to express my sincere congratulations.
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
答案
用法归纳:①among ③with
即时巩固:①among ②ranked first in the English speech competition
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
You should have faith in yourself and don’t give up easily.你应该对自己有信心,不要轻易放
弃。
We printed the report in good faith but have now learnt that it was incorrect.我们好意印发了这份
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
报告,但现在才知道它并不正确。
You cannot expect your friends to trust you if you don’t keep faith with them.假如你对朋友不守
信用,你就不要指望他们会信任你。
①have/show faith ...对……有信心/表示信任
②lose faith in...对……失去信心/信任
③break/keep faith sb.对某人不守信用/守信用;不忠诚/忠诚于某人
④ good faith真诚;诚心诚意
①faithful adj.忠实的;可信赖的
be faithful to忠实于
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
②faithfully adv.忠实地
①What I want to stress is that the performer’s success lies in never losing faith herself.
②People used to join in lantern fairs in which they can watch lanterns, guess riddles and give their
(faith) prayers to decedents.
答案
用法归纳:①in ③with ④in
即时巩固:①in ②faithful
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
China has an ambition of placing people on the moon and building a scientific base there. 中
国有载人登月并在那里建立科学基地的雄心。
If I didn’t face failure with a peaceful mind, I would never achieve my ambition.如果我不以平静
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
的心态面对失败,我将永远无法实现我的抱负。 (China Daily)
①achieve/realize one’s ambition实现某人的抱负/愿望
②an ambition to do sth./ doing sth.做某事的夙愿
①ambitious adj.有野心的,有雄心的;雄心勃勃的
be ambitious for...对……有野心;对……抱有期望
②ambitiously adv.雄心勃勃地;劲头十足地
①[2021新高考Ⅰ]Millions of waterfowl (水禽) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of
overly (ambition) sportsmen.
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
②Linda has an ambition (be) a journalist.
答案
用法归纳:②of
即时巩固:①ambitious ②to be
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
A one-mile area around the wreck is still off limits.沉船周围一英里的地区仍然禁止入内。
The American Heart Association recommends that we limit ourselves to less than 150 calo-
ries a day from sugar.美国心脏协会建议我们将每日从糖中摄入的热量限制在150卡路里以下。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①a time/speed/age limit 时间/速度/年龄限制
②within limits在某种程度上;有一定限制
③there is a/no limit to...……是有限的/无限的
④ limits 禁止入内;不容涉足
⑤set a limit on sth.对……设定限度
⑥limit... ...把……限制在……
①limited adj.有限的
be limited to...限于……
②limitless adj.无限的
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①[2022新高考Ⅱ]Group Play is for groups of 10 or more with limit of 35 people.
②[2023全国乙]Once we found the place, it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the
(limit) time.
③在这次农场采摘活动中,我们的工作限于采摘桃子并把它们放进一个大盒子里。
In this farm picking activity,our work and putting them
into a big box.
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
答案
用法归纳:④off ⑥to
即时巩固:①a ②limited ③is limited to picking peaches
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
I’d like to complain to you that the waiters of your hotel broke my suitcase.我想向你投诉你们宾
馆的服务员弄坏了我的手提箱。
She left early, complaining of a headache.她说自己头疼,很早就离开了。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①complain (to sb.) that...(向某人)抱怨/投诉……
②complain (to sb.) /of sth.(向某人)抱怨/投诉某事
③complain sth.诉说(病情或痛苦)
complaint n.抱怨;投诉;怨言
make a complaint against/about...对……提出投诉
make a complaint to sb.向某人抱怨/投诉
a letter of complaint投诉信
①[2024浙江1月]The chief (complain) about online courses is that they lack human interaction.
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
②What person with joint aches and pains doesn’t complain feeling more terrible during winter?
③如果你想要投诉价格高,你应该去找经理。
If you wish to the high price, you should see the manager.
答案
用法归纳:②about ③of
即时巩固:①complaint ②about/of ③make a
complaint about
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
In the heat of the moment, I made a remark about his behavior.因为一时冲动,我对他的行为发表
了评论。
When she is put in a situation where she has to remark on others, she always changes the topic.当
她处于不得不评论别人的情形下时,她总是转移话题。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
Both students and teachers remarked that the race not only provided a chance for the students to exer-
cise, but also made them more united.学生们和老师们都说这次比赛不仅为学生们提供了锻炼身体的机
会,而且让他们更团结。
①make a/no remark ...对……发表/不予评论
②remark /upon sb./sth.评论/说起某人/某事
③remark that...评论说……;说起……
①remarkable adj.非凡的;显著的;引人注目的
be remarkable for因……而引人注目
②remarkably adv.引人注目地;明显地
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①[2024浙江1月]Perhaps most (remark), however, was the fact that this man spent hours studying
every day after hard physical labor.
②评论别人的外貌是不礼貌的。(一句多译)
It’s bad manners to the appearance of others.(remark v.)
It’s bad manners to the appearance of others.(remark n.)
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
答案
用法归纳:①about ②on
即时巩固:①remarkable ②remark on/upon;make a remark about
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
高频词汇积累
词汇 释义 用法&拓展
diverse adj.多种多样的,不同的 diverse fields各种各样的领域
diverse cultures多元的文化
diverse methods多种多样的方法
diversity n.多样性;差异
a great/wide/rich diversity of多种多样的
diversify v.(使)多样化,(使)变化
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
demonstrate vt.表现,表露;证实,证明;示范,演示
vi.游行示威 demonstrate their new products展示他们的新产品
demonstrate the intellect, wealth or faith展示才智、财富或信仰[2023新课标Ⅱ]
demonstrate sth. to sb.向某人说明某事
demonstrate that...说明/演示……
demonstrate sth. to be...证明某事是……
It is demonstrated that...据证实……
demonstrate against 示威反对……
demonstrate in favour/support of示威支持……
demonstration n.示范;证明;游行示威
demonstrative adj.感情外露的; 指示的
demonstrator n.示范者;示威者
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
applaud vt.& vi.称赞,赞许;鼓掌 applaud sb. for sth.因某事而称赞某人
applause n.鼓掌;喝彩
a round of applause一阵掌声
break into/burst into applause爆发出掌声
win/get/draw applause赢得/获得掌声
consistent adj.一致的,始终如一的;连续的 consistent policy一贯的政策
be consistent with...与……一致/相符
consistently adv.一致地;一贯地
consist in在于
consist of由……组成(不用于被动语态和进行时态)
-ent是形容词后缀,表示“是……的,做……的”。如:absent 缺席的;patient 耐心的;confident 自信的;silent 寂静的
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
call on sb.
to do sth. 正式邀请某人做某事;请求某人做某事 Whaley recalls how at the beginning of the year, when called on
to read, Chris would excuse himself to go to the bathroom.惠
利回忆起在年初,当克里斯被要求阅读时,他会如何找借口去洗
手间。
election n.选举,推选;当选 run for election参加竞选
win/lose an election在选举中获胜/失败
elect v.选择,决定;选举,推选
elect to do sth.选择做某事;决定做某事
elect sb. (as)...选举某人为……(某职位)
elect sb. to...选某人进入……(某机构)
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
identical adj.完全同样的 be identical in...在……方面完全相同
be identical to/with...与……完全相同
identically adv.完全相同地
identity n.身份;同一性;一致
identity card身份证
cultural identity文化认同
national identity民族认同
identify v.确认;认出;找到;显示
-ical是形容词后缀,表示“……的”。如:biological生物学的;physical物理学的;身体的;chemical化学的;mathematical数学的;historical历史(上)的
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
gradually adv.逐渐地,逐步地 gradually improve逐渐提高
gradual adj.逐渐的;平缓的
-ly是副词后缀,表示“以……方式”。如:easily 容易地; happily高兴地; heavily 沉重地; busily 忙碌地; angrily愤怒地
pour vt.& vi.倒,斟;倾倒,倒出;涌流,倾
泻;下大雨 pour sth. into/out of... 把某物倒入……/从……倒出
pour into/out of...涌入……/从……涌出
pour water from a bottle into his hand把瓶子里的水倒在他的手里
[2022全国甲]
pour down(雨)倾盆而下
pour out倾吐;倾诉;尽情地诉说
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
dignity n.尊严;自尊;高贵 stand on one’s dignity保持尊严
beneath one’s dignity有失尊严;
有失身份;有失体面
dignify v.使有尊严;使崇高
dignified adj.庄严的;有尊严的
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
opposing adj.对抗的;相反的 the opposing side对方
oppose vt.反对;抵制;阻挠;与……角逐
oppose (sb./sth.) doing sth.反对(某人/某物)做某事
opposed adj.强烈反对的;截然不同的
be opposed to强烈反对……(to是介词)
as opposed to而,相对于
opposite adj.相反的;对面的 prep.与……相对;在……对面 n.对立的人(或物);对立面
have the opposite effect有反作用
in the opposite direction朝反方向
opponent n.对手,竞争者;反对者
-ing是形容词后缀。如:appealing 吸引人的; amazing 令人惊奇的; demanding要求高的;willing 乐意的;outstanding优秀的
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
handle vt.处理,应付;控制,操纵;(用手)触,拿 n.把手,拉手;柄 handle the crisis处理危机
handle the situation应对局面
handle chopsticks拿筷子[2022全国甲]
turn the handle转动把手
the handle of a knife刀柄
cruel adj.刻毒伤人的,残酷的 be cruel to对……残酷
cruel reality残酷的现实
cruelty n.残酷;残忍;残酷的行为
cruelly adv.残酷地
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
Determined and proud, I took out my own money and handed it to Dad.我坚定而自豪地拿出自
己的钱递给爸爸。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
形容词(短语)作状语时,一般用逗号将其与句子的其余部分隔开,可表示原因、方式、伴随等,其逻
辑主语通常是句子的主语。
副词作状语通常修饰动词或形容词,有时修饰整个句子。形容词(短语)作状语多表示主语的状态
或特点等。
①紧张又焦虑,杰克在房间里走来走去。
, Jack walked up and down the room.
②教授的演讲既有力又有说服力,对他的人生产生了影响。
, the professor’s speech made a difference to his life.
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
答案
即时巩固:①Nervous and anxious ②Powerful and persuasive
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
Look up Charles Dickens, and you might learn a thing or two about realism. 查一查查尔斯·
狄更斯,你可能会对现实主义有所了解。
Listen to the teacher carefully in class, or you can’t catch what he is saying.上课认真听老师
讲课,否则你会听不懂他在说什么。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①“祈使句+ +陈述句”,表示祈使句与后面的陈述句是顺承关系,相当于“if引导的条件状
语从句+主句”。
②“祈使句+ /or else+陈述句”相当于“if引导的条件状语从句的否定形式+主句”。
“名词词组+and+陈述句”也有类似的功能,名词词组中常含有more、another、further、earlier、
less等词。
•Less people than that, and there may not be enough things to choose from;more than that
, and it becomes uncontrollable.少于那个人数,可能没有足够的东西可供选择;多于那个人数,它就
变得无法控制。 [2021全国甲]
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①Combine your knowledge with experience, you are sure to succeed.
②Quit smoking, young boys, you may ruin your health.
答案
用法归纳:①and ②or
即时巩固:①and ②or
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
译文:他在1960年罗马奥运会上引起了公众的关注,当时他为美国赢得了轻重量级拳击金牌,在比赛过
程中展现了过人的天赋与优秀的品性。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
译文:她在一次采访中透露,自己维持良好表现的秘诀在于从来不缺席训练。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
译文:我们被告知,参赛者将为慈善机构筹款,虽然我觉得自己的体质没有那么强壮,跑不了那么远,但我
认为仅次于最好的事就是帮助那些能够跑那么远的人。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
译文:一位保险销售员就要达到年度销售目标了,如果公司(在这时)提高了销售目标,(那么)他能很有理
地抱怨公司改变了规则。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
译文:在足球中,“进乌龙球”的意思是不小心将球踢进或顶进了自己队的球门网,这是一名足球运动
员所能遇到的最糟糕的事情之一。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
答案
①非限制性定语从句 ②状语 ③宾语从句
④定语从句 ⑤宾语从句 ⑥让步状语从句
⑦宾语从句 ⑧宾语从句 ⑨定语从句 ⑩定语从句 状语 主语 宾语 定语从句
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
过去进行时与过去完成时的被动语态
过去进行时的被动语态表示过去某一特定时间某事正在被做。
A lecture was being given by Professor Smith to us at this time yesterday afternoon.昨天下午的这个时
候史密斯教授正在给我们作演讲。
The farmer said the PLA came to their rescue in time when they were being trapped in the snow-
storm.这位农民说当他们被困在暴风雪中时,中国人民解放军及时赶来营救。
We had to take another way because the road was being repaired.我们不得不走另外一条路,因为
那条路正在被修。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
过去进行时的被动语态的基本结构: was/were ① 。
过去进行时的被动语态一般不与表示一段时间的状语或者表示次数的状语连用。
过去完成时的被动语态表示过去某一时间之前已经被完成的动作。
It was with great joy that Tom received the news that his lost son had been found.汤姆收到他走
失的儿子被找到了的消息,非常高兴。
过去完成时的被动语态的基本结构: had ② 。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in.这个男孩被提醒他的家庭
作业还没有交。
When she got home, she found that her keys had been left in her office.当她到家时,她发现
自己的钥匙落在办公室里了。
用在found、told、said、heard、knew、thought、reminded等动词后的③ 从句中,表示
从句中的动作已经被完成。
How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended?飓风结束时有多少建筑物被毁?
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
By the time the messenger reached him, the damage had been done.送信人到达他那儿时,损
失已经造成了。
当before、when、④ 等引导的时间状语从句的时态是一般过去时,主句的被
动动作发生在从句的动作之前时,主句用过去完成时的被动语态。
By the end of last month, those houses had been built.到上个月月底,那些房子已经建好了。
Had the new plan been discussed before the meeting? 这个新计划在会议前讨论过了吗?
当before、⑤ 后接表示过去的时间点或过去的某一事件,且句子的动作已经被完成时,句子
常用过去完成时的被动语态。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
If I had been invited earlier, I would have gone with you.如果我早一点被邀请,我就和你一起去
了。
I wish the historical documents had been carefully preserved before the flood.我真希望
这些历史文件在洪水之前被精心保管。
用在条件状语从句和wish后的宾语从句中,表示对⑥ 事实的虚拟。
It was the second time that his bike had been stolen.这是他的自行车第二次被偷了。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
用在“This/That/It was the first/second/...time that...”句型中,表示that从句中的动作已经被完成。
①[2024新课标Ⅰ]I (plan) to fly to Vienna and take a bus to Prague for a conference. Due to a
big storm, my flight (delay) by an hour and a half.
②[2024北京]The adviser considered the authors experience in the lab a groundbreaking success because
publishable data (produce).
③[2022全国乙]A number of experiments ruled out that the children misunderstood what they
(ask).
④[2022 北京]He (drop) off at school late and was unable to open the door.
⑤Jones got the idea after he had talked with an elderly lady who (cheat) of her money.
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
⑥This was the first time that I (invite) to attend a party.
⑦The reason why I didnt drive my car today is that it (repair) because of a flat tyre.
⑧[2024新课标Ⅱ]听到汉语并且看到汤显祖的戏剧是如何正在被演绎的,这非常令人兴奋。
It was very exciting to hear the Chinese language and see how Tangs play .
⑨到去年年底,该地区又建成了一个新的主题公园。
By the end of last year, another new theme park in that area.
⑩如果这件礼物昨天就送给她,她就不会这么失望了。
If the gift yesterday, she wouldnt have been so disap-
pointed.
这是第一次在会议上介绍这件产品。
It was the first time that the product at the conference.
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
他们学校当时正在建一座新图书馆吗?
in their school just then?
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
答案
用法归纳:①being done ②been done ③宾语 ④by the time ⑤by ⑥过去
即时巩固:①had planned;had been delayed ②had been produced ③were being asked ④had been
dropped ⑤had been cheated ⑥had been invited
⑦was being repaired ⑧was being performed ⑨had been completed ⑩had been given to her had
been introduced Was a new library being built
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
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