Unit 5 A delicate world(突破疑难)（PPT同步课件）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第二册（外研版）

Unit 5　A delicate world 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　Because of the loss of habitats, the number of penguins has decreased by 30% since 1987.由于栖 息地的丧失,自1987年以来,企鹅的数量减少了30%。 　　The number of cyclists running the red light is on the decrease.骑自行车闯红灯的人数正在减少。  高频词汇精讲 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念      ①decrease (from...) (　　　    ...) (从……)减少/下降(到……)(表示减少或下降后的结果) ②decrease 　　　    ...减少了/下降了…… (表示减少或下降的幅度)  ③　　　    the decrease在减少;在下降 ④a/the decrease in sth.某方面的减少   decrease to与decrease by的区别 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①近义词:reduce;drop;fall ②反义词:increase;rise   ①[2025全国二]Our study showed that there was a 30% decrease 　　    sick leave for people who were in plant-rich workplaces. ②The accidents have decreased 　　    20% since the measures were taken. ③Rather, with incomes 　　    (decrease) and insecure jobs, unhappy couples often couldn't afford to di- vorce. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ④在过去的几年里,南非企鹅的数量一直在减少。(decrease n.) Over the past several years, the South African penguins 　　     　　     　　     　　     　　     　　     numbers.   答案 用法归纳:①to　②by　③on 即时巩固:①in　②by　③decreasing ④have been on the decrease in 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　If the big rat keeps running forward, it is likely to fall into a trap.如果大老鼠继续往前跑,很可能 会掉进陷阱里。 　　When answering questions online,you may be trapped into giving away very important personal information.你在网上回答问题时,可能会被骗泄露非常重要的个人信息。 　　A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who had been trapped in the mountains for two days.一个救援人员冒着生命危险救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念    ①set/lay a trap (for sb.) (给某人)设圈套 ②fall/walk 　　    a trap落入陷阱/圈套 ③fall into the trap of doing sth.落入做某事的陷阱  ④be trapped 　　    ...被困在…… ⑤trap sb.　　     doing sth.诱骗某人做某事;设圈套使某人做某事   　　trap的过去式和过去分词都是trapped,其现在分词形式是trapping。   ①表示“被困在……中”的其他短语:be/get stuck/caught/locked/blocked in ②trapped adj.受困的 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①You want to leave early enough to avoid 　　    (trap)in severe weather. ②Without thinking twice, the firefighters rushed into the burning building to rescue those 　　    (trap). ③I felt as if I were trapped 　　    a labyrinth(迷宫), with no exit in sight, and every turn leading to another dead end of self-doubt and fear. ④I believe if you can avoid these 　　    (trap), you will surely become masters of language learning. ⑤Stop pleasing people. It's easy to fall 　　    this trap because you tend to get praised for this habit. 答案 用法归纳:②into　④in　⑤into 即时巩固:①being trapped　②trapped ③in　④traps　⑤into 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　The exhibition turned out /proved (to be) a great success, inspiring us to take action to protect wild animals.该展览最终取得了巨大成功,激励我们采取行动保护野生动物。     ①turn out (to be)+adj./n.=prove (to be)+adj./n. 结果是/证明是/原来是…… ②　　　　     turns out (that)... 结果是/事实证明/原来是…… 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①What I thought was a misfortune turned out 　　    (be) a valuable opportunity, presenting a rare chance to develop leadership. ②事实证明,帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我收获更多快乐。 　　     　　     　　     　　    helping others realize their dreams gives me more pleasure. 答案 用法归纳:②It 即时巩固:①to be　②It turns out that 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　I owe my great progress in English learning to your reasonable advice.我在英语学习方面的 巨大进步要归功于你的合理建议。    　　We owe it to society to make our country a better place.让国家成为更美好的家园是我们对社会 应尽的责任。  　　I owe it to you that I finished my work on time.多亏了你,我才按时完成了工作。    第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①owe it to sb.　　　    sth.应该为某人做某事;应该对……负有……责任 ②owe sb. an apology/owe an apology to sb.该向某人道歉 ③owe sb. sth. (for sth.)=owe sth. to sb. (for sth.)(因某事/某物)欠某人某物 ④owe sth.　　　    sb./sth.=owe sb./sth. sth.把某事归功于某人/某物 ⑤owe it　　　    sb. that...把……归功于某人   ①owing adj.未付的;拖欠的 ②owing to prep.由于;因为   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ①Our strength is from many sources, but most important of all, we owe our success 　　    the creativity of our people. ②[2025天津3月]Mom was then slipping away from me 　　    (owe) to progressive memory loss. ③You owe it to yourself 　　    (go) after your dreams. ④Bernard owed 　　    to the kind family that he could earn some money to help support his poor family. ⑤没能陪你去书店,我应该向你道歉。 I 　　     　　     　　　　　    /　　     　　     　　     　　　　　    for not being able to accompany you to the bookstore. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 用法归纳:①to do　④to　⑤to 即时巩固:①to　②owing　③to go ④it　⑤owe you an apology;owe an apology to you 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念     　　My final exam was a breeze by/in comparison with the difficulty I'd gone through to get to it. 和我为了参加考试所经历的磨难相比,我的期末考试很容易。   　　By/In comparison, in Bulgaria and southern Albania, the gestures have the opposite meaning.相比 之下,在保加利亚和阿尔巴尼亚南部,这些手势的含义是相反的。   ①　　　     comparison 比较起来,相比之下 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ②　　　     comparison with... 与……相比较 ③make a comparison 作比较 ④beyond/without comparison 无与伦比   compare v.比较;对比;将……比作 compare...with/to/and...把……与……相比较 compared with/to...与……相比(常在句中作状语) compare A to B 把A比作B •However, that was small fry compared with the city's Circus Maximus, which accommodated around 250,000 people.然而,与该市可容纳约二十五万人的Maximus大竞技场相比,那只是小巫见大 巫。 [2021全国乙] 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   ①[2023新课标Ⅱ]Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities 　　    the animals of Yellowstone. ②　　     comparison, those who live a comfortable life without any failure or challenge tend to achieve lit- tle. ③[2023北京]　　     (compare) with the developments of AI, advances in ALife are harder to recognise. ④And stays remain refreshingly affordable, especially in 　　    (compare) with cities like Paris, to which Budapest is often compared for its grand architecture and cafe culture. ⑤由于风格各异,我们发现很难进行比较。 Due to distinct styles, we find it tough to 　　　　　     　　    . 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 用法归纳:①by/in　②by/in 即时巩固:①with/to/and　②By/In ③Compared　④comparison ⑤make a comparison 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 词汇 释义 用法&拓展 dramatically adv.显著地;急剧地;戏剧性地;激动人心地 change/increase dramatically急剧改变/增加 dramatic adj.急剧的;激动人心的;戏剧的 drama n.戏剧 subsequently adv.后来;随后 subsequent adj.随后的;后来的;之后的;接后的 　subsequent generations后代 高频词汇积累 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 appetite n.胃口,食欲;强烈欲望 a good/poor appetite胃口好/胃口 不好 loss/lack of appetite食欲不振 (have) an appetite for对……有欲望/渴望……;对……的欲望 spoil/ruin one's appetite破坏某人的食欲;影响某人的胃口 注意:appetite作“胃口”讲时,既可用作可数名词(通常用单数形式),也可用作不可数名词;作“强烈欲望”讲时是可数名词。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 multiply v.(使)大大增加,(使)倍增; 乘,乘 以; (使)繁殖 adv.多样地;多重 地 multiply like crazy疯狂繁殖 multiply A by/and B A和B相乘 　Three multiplied by four makes twelve.三乘以四等于十 二。 multiple adj.多种多样的;多功能 的 n.倍数 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 conservation n.保护;保存;节约 environmental/wildlife/energy conservation 环境保护/野生动物保护/能源的节约 a conservation area保护区 conserve v.保护,保存;节省,节约 departure n.离开;出发; 背离,违反 the departure gate 登机(或上车)口 a departure from 违反/违背…… depart v.离开 　depart from 从……离开　depart for出发去…… 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 explode v.突然增加,激增;爆炸; 突然爆 发,迸发 explode into/with突然爆发,迸发 (感情); 　explode into laughter突然大笑 起来 explosion n.激增;爆炸;爆裂声;  突然爆发,迸发 explosive adj.突增的,激增的;易 爆炸的;易爆发的 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 collapse v.倒坍,塌下;(尤指因病重而)倒 下,晕倒; 折叠; 套缩; 可折叠 (或套缩) n.(机构、生意或行动 等的)突然失败,倒闭,崩溃 The roof collapsed under the weight of snow.房顶在雪的重压 下突然坍塌下来。 He collapsed in the street and died two hours later.他昏倒在大 街上,两小时后便去世了。 the collapse of law and order治安 的瘫痪 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 incident n.事件 an unfortunate incident一次不幸 的事件  event n.(重大)事件;比赛项目 　affair n.事件;事情 intervention n.干预;介入;医疗干预 government intervention政府干预 　early intervention早期干预 intervene v.干预;介入 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 on behalf of sb.(=on sb.'s behalf) 代表(或代替)某人;因为某人;为了某人 It is my great pleasure to give a lecture here on behalf of the students' union.我很荣幸代表学生会在这里发表演讲。 They worked hard all their lives on behalf of the poor.他们毕生为穷人辛劳。  represent v.代表 prosper v.兴旺,发达 thrive and prosper繁荣兴旺 prosperity n.繁荣;成功 prosperous adj.繁荣的 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 rare adj.稀有的,罕见的;珍贵的 a rare disease/species罕见病/珍稀物种  common adj.常见的 rarely adv.很少;不常(用于句首时,其后的句子常采用部分倒装) 　Rarely did he fail to keep his promise.他很少食言。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 secure adj.稳固的;安全的;严密把守的; 安心的;有把握的 v.使安全,保护; 获得;系牢 be secure from/against...不会受到……的威胁;无……的危险 secure...against...保护……免受…… security n.安全;保卫部门;保护措施 securely adv.安全地;安心地 insecure adj.不安全的;无保障的;不牢靠的;无把握的 insecurity n.不安全;无把握 greeting n.问候;招呼 New Year greetings新年贺词 注意:greeting作“问候的话,贺词”讲时常用复数。 greet v.迎接;问候;招呼 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念       　　Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life. 我几乎没意识到我 就要经历我一生中最美好的四年时光。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　Not only does the ocean offer us sufficient food, but it also maintains the balance of na- ture. 海洋不仅给我们提供了充足的食物,而且还维持了自然的平衡。 [2022 全国甲] 　　Whatever happens, in no case should we give up our hope.无论发生什么,我们决不应该放弃我 们的希望。   　　①表示否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时,句子需用部分倒装。常见的这类副词或短语有　         、seldom、hardly、rarely、scarcely、never、neither、not、 by no means、in no way、　　    、on no condition、under no circumstances等。 　　②在no sooner...than...、hardly...when...、scarcely...when...、not only...but also...等结构中,当no sooner、hardly、scarcely、not only位于句首时,含有not only的分句用部分倒装,其他的则是　　　    句 用部分倒装。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　③表示“也(不)……”的句式用部分倒装,即“so/neither/nor+助动词/情态动词/系动词be+主语”。   　　in no time意为“立刻”,不具有否定意义,所以位于句首时,句子不用倒装。   ①[2022新高考Ⅰ写作]你绝对是我们要找的人,因为你不仅精通英国文学,而且教学技能强,深受大家欢 迎。(expert at） You are definitely the one we are looking for, for not only 　　     　　     　　     　　     　　     　　    , but also you enjoy great popularity for skillful teaching. ②我刚找到解释机会,她就冲进瓢泼大雨中了。(chance) No sooner 　　     　　     　　     　　     　　    to explain than she rushed into the pouring rain. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ③[2024新课标Ⅰ]在我心中,这样一件好事永远不会褪色。 In my heart, never 　　     　　     　　     　　     　　　　　    . ④[2026山西大同开学考]只有进入沉浸式区域,遥远的过去才会感觉如此真实。 Not until one enters the immersive zone　　     　　     　　     　　     　　     so real. ⑤我很少发现他对他在院子里跑来跑去快乐玩耍的孩子们不耐烦。 Rarely 　　     　　     　　    him impatient with his children who ran around the yard playing happily. 答案 用法归纳:①little; in no case　②主 即时巩固:①are you expert at English literature　②had I got the chance ③would such a good deed fade ④can the distant past feel　⑤have I found 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 译文:兔子在岛上不受约束,做了自己最擅长的事——它们迅速繁殖,开始吃当地的植被并挖洞,这造成 了土壤侵蚀。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 译文:它也是世界上罕有的地方之一,在这里科学家们可以实时观察植物和动物发展和进化时所发生的 生态学和生物学过程。 答案 ①状语　②宾语从句　③非限制性定语从句　④定语从句　⑤定语从句　⑥时间状语从句 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 it作形式宾语 　　当不定式、动词的-ing形式或从句在某个句子中作宾语时,为了保持句子结构平衡,常用it作形式 宾语,而将真正的宾语放在句子后部。     (1)My parents made it a point for us to spend time outside, no matter the weather or season.我父 母让我们不管天气如何,也不管是什么季节,都一定要在户外度过时光。 (2)Keeping your message simple and clear will make it easier for people to understand.保持你的 信息简洁明了,会让人们更容易理解。 [2025浙江1月] 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 (3)They considered it vital that they should keep their natural habitat.他们认为保护它们的自然栖息 地至关重要。 (4)We all thought it a pity that the conference was cancelled.会议取消了,我们都感到很遗憾。 (5)We believe it no use complaining.我们认为抱怨没有用。 (6)She found it useless arguing with him.她发现和他争论没有用。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   1.(1)(2)的基本结构:动词+it+形容词/名词+①　　　　    。 2.(3)(4)的基本结构:动词+it+形容词/名词+宾语从句。 3.(5)(6)的基本结构:动词+it+形容词/名词+②　　　　    。 4.总结: 　　it用作形式宾语的句型基本结构:动词+形式宾语it+宾语补足语+真正的宾语(形式为不定式、宾语 从句或动词的-ing形式)。用于此结构的常见动词有find、think、feel、consider等。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　通常意义的it作形式宾语主要指的是真正的宾语为不定式、动词的-ing形式、从句等且形式宾语 it后跟有宾语补足语的情形,但以下几类形式宾语比较特殊,其后没有宾语补足语。   　　We like it that you can come to our party.我们希望你能来参加我们的聚会。   　　上述句式为“主语+动词+it+that从句”。能用于此句式的常见动词有like、dislike、take、have、 put等。   　　I'd appreciate it if she offered to help.如果她主动提出帮忙,我会非常感激。 　　I hate it when people talk with their mouths full.我不喜欢人们满嘴食物说话。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念   　　上述句式为“主语+动词+it+when/if从句”。能用于此句式的常见动词有hate、enjoy、love、ap- preciate、like、dislike、prefer等。   　　You may rely on it that he'll come to meet you.你可以相信,他会来见你的。 　　I'll see to it that all the guests are well received.我要确保让每一个客人都得到好的接待。   　　上述句式为“主语+(‘动词+介词’形式的)动词短语+it+that从句”。能用于此句式的常见动词 短语有③　　　　　　    、depend on、insist on、stick to、④　　　　　    等。   第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　I owe it to you that I can make so much progress.我能取得那么大的进步该归功于你。 　　Human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions.人类理所当然地认为,他 们的大脑拥有所有的解决方案。   　　上述句式为“主语+含有it的动词短语+that从句”。能用于此句式的常见动词短语有⑤　　　         、⑥　　　　　　    、bring it to one's attention等。   ①[2022新高考Ⅰ]That was why none of the children thought 　　　　    unusual that David had decided to join the cross-country team. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ②[2021全国乙]Generation Xers with young families, like my wife and I, can still find it convenient 　　     　    (have) a home phone rather than providing a mobile phone for every family member. ③[2022全国甲]Mexicans consider 　　　　    inappropriate to eat with utensils, instead preferring to use their hands. ④[2021浙江]That makes 　　　　    extra hard to learn and practice it. ⑤And you might find it relaxing 　　　　    (bring) your small kid to a half-hour Story Time while you sit quietly in a corner with a good book. ⑥We should never take 　　　　    for granted that our parents take care of us for all their lives. ⑦The professor considers it no good 　　　　    (read) without understanding. ⑧I owe it to your kind and generous help 　　　　    I have adapted to the new environment quickly. ⑨I feel it a great honor 　　　　    (invite) to your birthday party. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 ⑩Don't worry. You can depend on 　　　　    that he'll turn up on time.  [2024浙江1月]因方向感很差,伊娃发现在这么大的楼里四处走动是不可能的。 Having a poor sense of direction, Eva 　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　in such a huge building.  [2023新课标Ⅰ]我认为对英语口语训练课的学生随机配对不是一个好主意。 　　　     　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　     to randomly pair up students for the spoken English training class. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 答案 用法归纳:①不定式　②动词的-ing形式　③rely on　④see to　⑤owe it to sb.　⑥take it for granted 即时巩固:①it　②to have　③it　④it　⑤to bring　⑥it　⑦reading ⑧that　⑨to be invited　⑩it  found it impossible to get around  I don't think it a good idea 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 $