Unit 5 Part 1 Starting out & Understanding ideas(同步精练)（PPT同步课件）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第二册（外研版）

Unit 5　A delicate world 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Part 1　Starting out & Understanding ideas 基础过关练 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1.My strength is from many sources, but most important of all, I owe my success _______ the support of my family. 解析　考查介词。句意:我的力量有多个来源,但最重要的是,我将成功归功于家人的支持。owe...to... 意为“将……归功于……”。故填to。 　to     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 2.[2026福建泉州期中]America's appetite ________ online grocery sales rocketed from $62 billion in 2019 to $96 billion in 2020, according to the Food and Drug Administration. 解析　考查介词。句意:根据美国食品药品监督管理局的数据,美国对在线杂货销售的需求猛增,从201 9年的620亿美元飙升至2020年的960亿美元。one's appetite for意为“某人对……的欲望”。故填for。 　for     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 3.The United Nations estimates that by 2050, the population of European countries will have decreased from 0.72 billion _______ 0.63 billion. 解析　考查介词。句意:联合国估计,到2050年,欧洲国家的人口将从7.2亿减少到6.3亿。decrease from...to...是固定搭配,意为“从……减少到……”。故填to。 　to     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 4.John worked harder after getting promoted and tackled challenges with devotion, _______________(sub- sequent) reaching the top. 解析　考查副词。句意:约翰晋升后更加努力工作,以奉献精神应对挑战,随后便登上了事业顶峰。修 饰动词的-ing形式短语reaching the top应用副词形式,故填subsequently。 　subsequently     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 5.[2026广东深圳期中]According to official statistics, China's birth rate has dropped ______________(dra- matic) for seven years in a row, an indication that the society is aging. 解析    考查副词。句意:根据官方统计数据,中国出生率连续七年大幅下降,这表明社会正在老龄化。 修饰动词dropped应用副词形式,故填dramatically。 　dramatically     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 6.Statistics show that smoking-and open fire-related accidents in areas storing ____________(explode) mate- rials are tragic, so it's vital to forbid smoking and open flames within the storage boundary. 解析　考查形容词。句意:统计数据表明,在储存易爆材料区域发生的与吸烟和(使用)明火相关的事故 十分惨重,因此在存储边界内禁止吸烟和使用明火至关重要。修饰名词materials应用形容词。故填ex- plosive。 　explosive     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 7.[高考情境题] ____________ (trap) in the traffic jam,the specialist who was going to give an important re- port on financial plans was late for the important finance meeting which was going to discuss the annual budget. 解析　考查过去分词。句意:由于交通拥堵被困住,那位即将就财务计划做重要报告的专家迟到了这场 将讨论年度预算的重要财务会议。分析句子可知,此处作原因状语,应用非谓语动词;trap与其逻辑主语 the specialist之间是被动关系,应用过去分词形式。句首单词首字母应大写。故填Trapped。 　Trapped     句式剖析 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 8.The statistics show that wind energy production ___________________(multiply) over the last decades. 解析　考查时态和主谓一致。句意:统计资料表明,在过去的几十年里,风能的产量成倍增加。分析句 子结构可知,show后是that引导的宾语从句,设空处为该从句的谓语。根据该从句的时间状语over the last decades可知,从句用现在完成时。从句主语是wind energy production,production在此处意为“产 量”,是不可数名词,从句谓语应用第三人称单数形式,故填has multiplied。 　has multiplied     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅱ.选词填空(其中有一项多余) in harmony with;turn out;once and for all;out of control;be introduced to 　It's reported that if human activities get 1.___________________, the ecosystem will break down. To tackle the problem, people around the world collaborate with each other to take measures to live 2.____________ ________ nature and protect our planet. In the past few years, it has 3._______________ that some joint efforts work well. And we hope we will solve the problem 4._____________________ in the future. 　once and for all     　turned out     with     　in harmony 　out of control     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅲ.完成句子 1.[2025全国一写作] 由于该专栏专注于分享校园欢乐瞬间,因此它能够紧密团结同学。(owing) _________ _____ _______ ______ ______ _________ joyful campus moments, this column can closely unite classmates. 2.[2025浙江1月写作] 结果,他们对学术任务的专注度逐渐下降,甚至在不恰当的地方拍摄时,往往会打 扰到他们的同龄人。(decrease) As a result, their concentration on academic tasks has been ______ ______ __________, and they even tend to disturb their peers when filming in inappropriate places. 3.[2025全国二]正如那句老话所说,理解始于好奇,联系源于分享。 ______ _______ ______ ________ ________, understanding begins with curiosity, and connection grows from sharing.(读后续写—主旨升华) 　As 　　the 　　old 　　saying 　　goes     　on 　　the 　　decrease     　Owing 　　to 　　its 　　focus 　　on 　　sharing     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 4.[2021新高考Ⅰ写作]这些故事不仅可以缓解我的紧张,还可以开阔我的视野。(倒装句) _______ _______ ______ _______ _________ relieve my stress, but they can also broaden my horizons. 5.这部电影最终取得了成功,它赢得了评论家和观众的广泛赞誉。(一句多译; turn out) ①The film _________ _______ _____ ______ a success, which won widespread praise from both critics and audiences. ②______ ________ ______ ________the film was a success, which won widespread praise from both crit- ics and audiences. 　It 　　turned 　　out 　　that     　turned 　　out 　　to 　　be     　Not 　　only 　　can 　　these 　　stories     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 能力提升练 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅰ.课文语法填空 　　Macquarie Island is a beautiful and 　1　(harmony) place. However, in 1810, humans arrived on the island, unknowingly 　2　 (bring) rats and mice. The small animals ate birds' eggs and attacked baby birds. People brought cats 　3　 (control) them, but the cats developed an appetite for the birds, too. People also introduced rabbits as a source of food, but they multiplied so rapidly, eating vegetation and digging holes, 　 4　 the behaviours led to soil erosion. The exploding rabbits supplied enough food to the cats, 　5　 caused more cats. To remove the rabbits, a virus 　6　 (release) onto the island, which caused the rabbit popula- tion to decrease rapidly. As 　7　 result, the food for the cats was less, so they started to eat the birds again. In the 1980s, people used dogs and 　8　 (trap) to catch the cats. The rats and mice began to increase.The 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 rabbits developed an immunity to the virus and their population 　9　 (explode) again. To solve the prob- lem 　10　 (complete), people dropped poison on the island and removed all the invading species. In 2014, the island's ecology started to recover. 1._______________    2.__________    3.___________    4._________    5.__________ 6.______________    7.______    8._______    9._____________    10._______________ 　completely     　exploded     　traps     　a     　was released     　which     　that     　to control     　bringing     　harmonious     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 解析 1.考查形容词。设空处与空前的形容词beautiful是and连接的并列成分,共同作定语修饰名词place,则设 空处应用形容词。由语境可知,此处表示“Macquarie Island是一个美丽、和谐的地方”,则设空处表示 “和谐的”,故填harmonious。 2.考查动词的-ing形式。句中已有谓语arrived,故此处应用非谓语动词。设空处表示的动作和arrived同 时发生,所以设空处作伴随状语;bring与其逻辑主语humans之间是主动关系,应用动词的-ing形式。 3.考查不定式。此处表示“人们把猫带过来以控制它们(老鼠)”,由此可知设空处表示目的,应用不定 式作目的状语。 4.考查连词。句中but连接两个并列分句。在but后的分句中,multiplied为谓语,设空处无提示词,空后为 完整句子,故推测此处应用连词。由语境和空前的so可知此处构成so...that...结构,引导结果状语从句。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 5.考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子可知,设空处引导非限制性定语从句,且指代整个主句的内容,应用 关系代词which。 6.考查时态、语态及主谓一致。句中which引导非限制性定语从句,第二个逗号前为主句,设空处为主 句的谓语。此处表示“病毒被释放到岛上”,a virus与release之间是被动关系,应用被动语态。结合上 下文可知此处表示过去的事,应用一般过去时。主语a virus为单数,故填was released。 7.考查冠词。as a result是固定短语,意为“因此;结果”。故填a。 8.考查名词复数。由空前的dogs和and可知,and连接并列名词作used的宾语,则设空处应用名词。trap在 这里指“夹子;陷阱”,为可数名词,与dogs并列,故用其复数形式。 9.考查时态。句中and连接两个并列分句,由and前一分句中的developed和语境可知and后的分句也应用 一般过去时。故填exploded。 10.考查副词。此处表示“为了彻底解决这个问题”,设空处修饰动词solve,应用副词作状语。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 Ⅱ.语法填空   [2026福建厦门月考] 　　In China, the principles of three Rs—reduce, reuse, recycle—are being brought to life in a unique way at the Mingsha Mountain and Crescent Spring(月牙泉) scenic spot in Dunhuang, northwest China's Gansu Province. With the tourist season in full swing, the site is crowded 　1　 about 20,000 visitors daily, which has put a vast amount of pressure on cleaning workers and made waste management an urgent challenge. 　　　2　(address) this issue, the scenic area introduced an 　3　(innovation) program named “Trash hunt for gifts”. 　4　(encourage) to carry rubbish bags with them by the program, visitors can collect litter around the site. In return, they 　5　(reward) with small gifts that reflect Dunhuang's rich cultural heritage. This move represents efforts to promote 　6　(responsible) and care for the environment. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　The site has witnessed various families 　7　(active) filling their rubbish bags, with children excited to trade their collected litter for gifts. The parents proudly emphasized how these small actions made 　8　 big difference to the environment. 　　Such an activity is turning tourists into environmental caretakers, 　9　(contribute) to the conservation of the site's beauty. Similar activities are spreading across China and showing a growing situation 　10　 tourists are not only passive visitors but are also becoming effective protectors of these cherished natural wonders. 1._________    2.____________   3._____________   4.____________   5.____________________________ 6._______________    7._________    8.______    9.______________    10.__________ 　where     　contributing     　a     　actively     　responsibility     　are rewarded/will be rewarded     　Encouraged   　innovative     　To address     　with     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了位于中国西北部甘肃省敦煌市的鸣沙山月牙泉景区以一 种独特的方式践行“减少、再利用、再循环”的环保三原则,即推出“捡垃圾换礼品”的创新项目,鼓 励游客参与环保行动,共同保护景区美景。 【高频词汇】    1.principle n.原则;准则    2.bring...to life使……恢复生机    3.urgent adj.紧急的;迫切的     4.in return作为回报    5.witness v.见证;目睹 【熟词生义】　address熟义:n.地址　生义:v.设法解决;处理 【差距词汇】　in full swing在热烈进行中;处于兴盛阶段 1.考查介词。句意:随着旅游旺季的全面展开,每天约有两万名游客拥挤在该景点中,这给清洁工带来了 巨大压力,也使垃圾管理成为紧迫的挑战。be crowded with...是固定搭配,意为“挤满了……”。故填 with。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 2.考查动词不定式。句中已有谓语introduced,设空处应用非谓语动词;此处表示目的,应用动词不定式 作目的状语,句首单词首字母应大写。故填To address。 3.考查形容词。设空处修饰空后的名词program,应用形容词。innovation的形容词形式为innovative,意 为“创新的”,符合语境。故填innovative。 4.考查过去分词。句中已有谓语can collect,设空处应用非谓语动词。encourage与其逻辑主语visitors之 间是被动关系,应用过去分词。句首单词首字母应大写。故填Encouraged。 5.考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句中that引导定语从句,设空处是主句的谓语。be rewarded with...为固 定搭配,意为“得到……的奖赏/回报”,则主句主语they与reward之间是被动关系,应用被动语态;此处 表示经常性或者将来的动作,应用一般现在时或者一般将来时;主语为they,故填are rewarded或will be rewarded。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 6.考查名词。设空处作promote的宾语,应用名词。responsible的名词形式为responsibility,意为“责任 感”,符合语境,故填responsibility。 7.考查副词。设空处修饰动词filling,应用副词作状语,故填actively。 8.考查冠词。make a difference为固定短语,意为“有影响”。故填a。 9.考查动词的-ing形式。句中已有谓语is turning,设空处应用非谓语动词。contribute与其逻辑主语Such an activity之间是主动关系,应用动词的-ing形式作状语。故填contributing。 10.　考查定语从句。句意:类似的活动正在中国各地蔓延,显示出一种日益增长的形势,在这种形势下, 游客不仅是被动的参观者,而且也正在成为这些珍贵的自然奇观的有效保护者。“ ______tourists are not only passive visitors but are also...wonders”为设空处引导的限制性定语从句,修饰先行词situation,从 句中缺少地点状语,设空处表示“在这种形势下”,表抽象地点,应使用关系副词where引导定语从句。 故填where。 　　     第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 A   [2026河北石家庄一中期中] 　　Scientists today are concerned about the growing number of species in the world that may soon become extinct. The United Nations, along with many governments, is trying to save these endangered species. To help resolve this issue, scientists have been trying to learn why species become endangered. 　　In the United States, loss of habitats is the main reason for species becoming endangered. As popula- tions grow and cities or towns expand, nature is destroyed and the ecosystem is affected. Even small changes in one part of an ecosystem can have a big impact on another part of it. For example, deforestation may re- sult in a change in ground temperature, which may kill off a certain kind of plant in the forest. Animals that eat this plant may suddenly find that there is no available food so they starve to death. Ⅲ.阅读理解 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 　　Other possible causes of species being endangered or extinct are climate change and rising sea level. As the Earth gets warmer, this has profound effects on animal and plant life everywhere. For example, rising sea level makes coastal areas unfit for birds to live in. Warmer temperatures melt the ice where polar bears live, ________ their habitat and making it harder for them to find food. The rising seas also make it harder for polar bears to swim from the cold waters to frozen packs of ice so many of them drown. 　　There are several ways that people are trying to help endangered species recover. Ecologists study dif- ferent species and try to find out more information about them to help. In Finland, for example, scientists found that a decrease in the number of bogs(沼泽) was responsible for the falling butterfly population. Once they understood this, they could manage the butterfly population and help it recover. Governments are also passing laws to protect endangered animals. One example of this is an area near Hawaii with a seriously low fish population. The United States' government has made it illegal for fishing boats to enter this area. wrecking 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 1.What can we infer from paragraph 2? A.Most endangered species are located in the United States. B.Cities and towns in the United States are growing too fast. C.Ecosystem changes can result in animals' death. D.More trees need to be planted to prevent animals from dying out. 2.What does the underlined word “wrecking” in paragraph 3 mean? A.Conserving.　　B.Damaging.　　C.Providing.　　D.Dominating. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 3.Which is the best title for this text? A.Saving Endangered Species B.A List of Endangered Species C.The Causes of Global Warming D.How Polar Bears Became Endangered 4.What will the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows? A.Some other ways to help endangered species recover. B.A brief discussion of polar bears and their dietary habits. C.The impact of fishing laws on the development of Hawaii. D.Various opinions and debates concerning the causes of global warming. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了珍稀物种濒临灭绝的原因,同时提出了一些帮助濒危物种 恢复的方法。 【高频词汇】    1.extinct adj.灭绝的    2.resolve vt.解决    3.expand v.扩大    4.available adj.可获得的    5. profound adj.深远的    6.illegal adj.违法的    7.concerning prep.关于,涉及 1.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Even small changes in one part of an ecosystem can have a big im- pact on another part of it.”及下文给出的例子“For example, deforestation may result in a change...so they starve to death.”可以推测,生态系统的变化会导致动物的死亡。故选C。 2.B　词义猜测题。分析画线词所在句可知,画线词所在部分“wrecking...food”为动词的-ing形式作结 果状语,即气温升高使北极熊生活环境中的冰融化了,这就破坏了它们的栖息地,并且使它们更难寻找 到食物,因此wrecking与damaging意思一致。故选B。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 3.A　主旨大意题。根据第一段中的“Scientists today are concerned about the growing number of species...save these endangered species.”并结合全文其他内容可知,本文的主要目的是呼吁我们拯救濒 危物种。故选A。 4.A　推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句“There are several ways that people are trying to help endan- gered species recover.”及下文所给出的例子可知,作者在下一段应该介绍帮助濒危物种恢复的一些其 他方法。故选A。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 易错归因　　本题易错选C。学生易被文末的“夏威夷禁渔”这一局部例子吸引,误以为下文会继续 展开 “该禁渔法律对夏威夷的影响”,从而误选 C项。但实际上,该例子仅为“政府立法保护”这一 方法的支撑,并非文章核心话题,下文应围绕“several ways(多种方法)”的逻辑,继续补充其他拯救措 施,而非延伸单个例子。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 B   [2026广东深圳高级中学期中] 跨学科融合  　　Throughout history, trees have played a crucial role in maintaining ecological balance. They absorb CO 2 and transform it into oxygen. But one of the challenges with this traditional carbon absorption is that the CO2 trees store can be released back into the atmosphere when they die. 　　However, the discovery of certain trees in Kenya adds a new dimension to this natural process. These trees, also found in several other countries, have been observed to transform CO2 into calcium oxalate(草酸 钙). Then bacteria present in the trees and surrounding soil transform it further into calcium carbonate (碳酸 钙), a primary component of limestone and chalk. The unique process ensures that the CO2 is kept in solid form for much longer, even after the tree's life ends. This finding was emphasized by Mike Rowley from the 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 University of Zurich at the Goldschmidt Conference. 　　While the scientific community is optimistic about these findings, several challenges remain. The pri- mary concern is determining the exact amount of CO2 that these trees can transform throughout their life- time. Without this accurate data, it is challenging to assess the full impact of this method globally. Under- standing the ecological balance and ensuring the conservation of biodiversity are crucial before worldwide planting of these trees. Cooperative research efforts are needed to explore these aspects and develop a com- prehensive strategy for using these trees as a natural solution to climate change. 　　This discovery in Kenya invites us to reconsider the potential of natural processes in addressing envi- ronmental challenges.While technological solutions to climate change are vital, integrating natural methods offers an alternative approach. The unique ability of these trees presents a promising method for exploration. 　　The journey to fighting climate change is complex. As we dig deeper into understanding natural phe- 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 nomena like the Kenyan trees, we must ask ourselves: How can we make the best of the power of nature to create a sustainable future for generations to come? 5.What is special about the trees found in Kenya? A.They absorb more CO2. B.They help turn CO2 into solids. C.They release oxygen quickly. D.They live in harmony with bacteria. 6.What is the core challenge before applying the discovery globally? A.Assessing the cost of the process. B.Understanding the impact on soil. C.Quantifying the CO2 transformation. D.Collecting the data on biodiversity. 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 7.What does the author try to explore in the last two paragraphs? A.The seriousness of climate change. B.The method of green development. C.The prospect of scientific approaches. D.The role of nature in climate solutions. 8.What can be a suitable title for the text? A.A Defensive Strategy in Nature B.A Recent Advance in CO2 Research C.Kenyan Trees: A Natural Carbon Lock D.Tree Planting: A Key to Ecological Balance 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍树木在维持生态平衡中的作用和当前研究面临的挑 战。 【高频词汇】    1.crucial adj.至关重要的    2.transform... into...把……转化为……    3.absorption n.吸收 4.release vt.释放    5.emphasize vt.强调 6.comprehensive adj.全面的 【差距词汇】    1.dimension n.方面    2.limestone n.石灰岩 5.B　细节理解题。根据文章第二段中的“These trees...transform CO2 into calcium oxalate...further into calcium carbonate...the CO2 is kept in solid form for much longer.”可知,在肯尼亚发现的树木的特殊之处 在于,它们能将二氧化碳转化为草酸钙,进而转化为碳酸钙,这一独特的过程保证二氧化碳以固态形式 长期封存。故选B。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 易错归因　    本题易错选D。学生易被第二段中的“bacteria present in the trees”误导,将“细菌参与 转化”当作树木的核心特点,忽略题干问的是“树木自身的特殊性”,需聚焦“CO2转化”这一核心逻 辑。 6.C　细节理解题。根据文章第三段中的“The primary concern is...their lifetime.”可知,在全球应用这 一发现前,核心挑战是确定这类树木在生命周期内转化二氧化碳的精确的量,即对二氧化碳转化量进行 量化。quantify等同于determine the exact amount。故选C。 7.D　推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段中的“...integrating natural methods offers an alternative ap- proach...a promising method”和最后一段中的“How can we make the best of the power of nature to cre- ate a sustainable future for generations to come?”可知,作者在最后两段中,通过肯尼亚树木的发现,重点 探讨了自然过程在应对气候变化、解决环境问题中的潜力与作用,强调应结合自然方法应对气候变 化。故选D。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 8.C　主旨大意题。根据文章第二段中的“However, the discovery of certain trees...transform CO2 into calcium oxalate.”以及全文其他内容可知,本文围绕在肯尼亚发现的特殊树木能将二氧化碳转化为固 态碳酸钙长期封存展开,先对比传统树木固碳的不足,再介绍该类树木的独特固碳过程、当前研究挑 战,最后强调其对利用自然应对气候变化的意义,核心主题是肯尼亚树木的天然固碳作用。故选C。 第1讲　描述运动的基本概念 $