【教材笔记】7.3 Language Practice至Words and Expressions-Natural Disasters《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）

在整个句子中充当主语成分的从句，叫作主语从句。 在复合句中充当表语的从句是表语从句。 表语从句的结构：系动词+引导词+简单句 常见的系动词有be、感官系动词(1 ooksound,taste、 hat引导 that在句中不作成分，无含义，不可省 smell、feel)、表似乎的系动词(seem、appear)、表变 的主从 Itis+过去分词+that从句 化的系a动词(get、turm、go、fall、become、grow)等. Itis+形容词+that从句 Natural Disasters Itis+名词+that从句 hat引导的 hat在句中不作成分，无含义，一般不可省 It struck/hit甘occurred to sb.that等特殊句 表从 主语 型 从句 whether/if 有“是否”含义，不可省 becuase引 because在句中不作成分，有意义 导的表从 引导的主从 句首的主语从句只能用whether引导； 句末的主语从句whether、if都可以引导。 表语 从句 whether 3l 有“是否”含义，不充当成分，但是i不引导表 连接代词和 连接副词引 连接代词和连接副词在从句中有含义，且 导的表从 语从句。 导的主从 充当主、宾、定、状等成分 连接代词和 连接副词引 连接代词和连接副词在从句中有含义，且充当相 应的语法成分 导的表从 Grammar It is true that these disasters are not actually all that 主语从句和表语从句 natural. It is known that sandstornts are caused naturally by strong winds. The most important thing is how we can get more people to join us. 15 Read and group. 找出与下面结构相同的句子并归类。 1)It is said that the first bridge was built more than three centuries ago. 2)The fact is that he couldn't use the computer. 3)That is why they decided to hold a meeting. 4)It won't make too much difference whether we have it or not. 5)The problem is which team will be chosen. 6)It doesn't matter whether you pay cash or by credit card. It is true that these disasters are not The most important thing is how we actually all that natural. can have more people join us. 1) 4)6) 2)3)5) UNIT 132 16 Read and match. 将左右两栏匹配、组成完整的句子。 我们砍伐了太多树木，.严重污染了环境。这 就是为什么我们有更多的自然灾害。 C1)We cut down too many trees and A.light travels in straight badly polluted the environment. lines B.is not known yet. That is why ( C.we have more natural D2)We have clear signs and strict disasters 我们有明确的标志和严 格的规则。问题是有些 rules.The trouble is that ( D.some people do not follow 人不遵守规则. E3)Tomorrow will be very busy.My the rules. 明天会非常忙。我的建议是我们明关早上要早起。E.we get up early tomorrow suggestion is that()】 morning. A 4)Light travels faster than sound F.more and more people 光比声音传播得快。众所周知光沿直线传播。 And it's known to all that ( have come to realize the B5)We can't find her.Where she has importance of environmen- tal protection. one（）我们找不到她。她去哪里了尚未确定。 F6)The earth is our home.It's lucky that ( 地球是我们的家园。幸运的是越来越多的人开始意识到环境保护的重要性。 17 Read and complete. 阅读下面的句子，将括号内的词语重新排列补全对话。 1)A:When will Mr.Brown arrive tomorrow? Whether M.Brown is coming onot is sti训lu流觀转恭是否会来， 目前仍不确定。 (Mr.Brown,whether,or not,coming,is) 2)A:Are you all right?You look tired. B:I'm fine.What I need is taking a rest.我需要的是休息一下。 (need,what,I 3)A:What's the problem now? B:The problem is where we can hold our football match. 问题在于我们可以在哪里举行足球比赛。 Natural Disasters 133 (where,the problem,is) 4)A:Where did you go last week? B:I drove to Tianjin last week That is why 那就是为什么我休息了好几天。 I had a few days off. (why,is,that) 5)A:What did you tell him?He seems very happy. B:What I told him was that I found him a good book. (told him,what,was,I) 我告诉他的是我给他找了一本好书。 6)A:They are working very hard,and we should learn from them. B:Yes,and this is how they overcome the difficulties. (is,how,this) 这就是他们如何克服困难的。 Vocabulary 18 Read and match. 将左右两栏相匹配，组成完整的句子，注意画线词的含义。 我的航班被取消了，所以我必须坐火车去上海。 G 1)My flight is canceled,( A.Which is affecting our lives. A我的艳缺德器票器济琶响黄我的生活。B.s0 we see each other 空气污染是由重工业产生的有害气体引起。 frequently C3)Air pollution is ( C.caused by harmful gases from F4)To promote the use of green 为了雅护绿爸能源的使用，政府正试图鼓励人们购买新能球咒挲： energy,( D.so we should do something to *水对我们的生活造7是天图线造餐清樑雕名们。 prevent them. E.the number of disasters will to our lives,( sure to reduce E6)If we make some changes,() F.the government is trying to 如果我们做出一些改变，灾难的数量肯定会减少。 B7)We work in the same company, encourage people to buy new ()我们在同一家公司工作 energy cars. G.so I have to take the train to Shanghai. UNIT 134 。pollute 。delay 。frequent 。promote 9Read and complete. 。cancel 。cause 用所给词的适当形式补全句子。 。due to 。prevent 1)The meeting has been canceled due to some reasons. 2)Plastic bags will pollute our environment,so we should prevent people from using them. 3)Due to the wrong address,your order has been canceled 4)Air pollution is caused by heavy industries and transportation. 5)How will you promote. the sales of the new products? 6)The doctor prevented his patient from going home yesterday. 7)I know him,but we don't see each other frequently. 8)He has made great contributions to the company.It's time for him to get promotion 9)The flight was delayed due to the bad weather. 10)We're not responsible for the damage caused by delivery. 20 Read and complete. 阅读并完成关于环境保护的短文。 Today,natural disasters strike more 1) frequently than before,and some of them are 2)caused by human activities.For example, 3)due to the rapid urban development,we have more sandstorms Too many vehicles in large cities have 4)polluted the air.These disasters have badly influenced our daily lives.For example,flights are 5)camceled because of the smog or sandstorms.In order to 6)_preventsuch disasters,people should protect the environment and realize the importance of sustainable development.It's time for us to make a change and take action such as 7)promoting the use of electric cars and planting more trees to make a better life. Natural Disasters 135 Culture Understanding 推动，奋力争取 China is pushing for more new energy vehicles.The government helps people buy 补贴 V.匹配 these cars through subsidies and tax breaks().This matches what other 动词不定式表目的 countries are doing to protect the environment 中国正在大力推广新能源汽车。政府通过补贴和免税政策帮助人们购买这些汽车。这与其他国家的 环保举措一致。 by doi nai通过做 Many countries are working to reduce pollution 的 promoting electric vehicles 燃油车 By replacing traditional gas-powered cars with electric ones,they hope to cut 排放 aim to do目的在于 greenhouses驻努證话作释f获瞎am0 aer,,heahord for everyone,helping to fight climate change and protect the environment. 许多国家正通过推广电动汽车来减少污染。他们希望通过电动汽车取代传统的燃油汽车来减少温室气体排 放。 这些努方音在为每个人创造更清洁、更健康的世界，助力应对气候变化积保护环境。 过去分词作定语 Chinese car makers are making better electric cars with improved batteries, which引导非限制性定语从句 which last longer and charge faster.Companies like BYD are growing in China 现在分词短语作结果状语 and around the world,making China a key player in the global electric car industry. 中国的汽车制造商正在制造更好的电动汽车，采用续航更长、充电更快的电池技术。比亚迪等公司在中国 乃至全球不断发展，使中国成为全球电动汽车产业的重要参与者。 Electric power is spreading beyond cars.Norway wants to use electric planes for shor itby2隽撬e檄panies like意Ls,Rols--Royce,.ands1 iemens are 挪威 smakinge.These new planes will create less pollution and be quieter,helping create a better future. Group Task 0补贴®免税目排放0混合动力的 Think about other solutions to 电力应用正扩展到汽车以外的领域。挪威计划到2025年用电 动飞机来执飞短途航线。空客、罗尔斯·罗伊斯和西门子等 protecting the environment in the 天公司也在制造混合动力飞机。这些新型飞机将减少污染、 area of transportation,and discuss 降低噪音，为创造更美好的未来贡献力量。 with your partners.take public transport more often ride bikes or walk for short trips limit the use of fuel cars UNIT 136 Group Work Make a poster about environmental protection. ① Work in groups.Read the following materials and take notes.小组活动。阅读下列材料并记录信息。 Situation Read the news report about natural disasters. 你是环境保护协会的一名志愿者，现 在你要和你的团队成员为宣传环境保 According to Emergency Disaster Database 护制作一张海报。 (EM-DAT),the total number of natural disasters reported each year has been greatly increasing in recent decades.Disasters such as typhoons and Notes 1:About natural disasters floods have been rising in recent years.In 1980, Natural disasters:typhoons and floods only about 100 such disasters were reported per year,but it has risen to over 300 a year since 2000.Scientists believe that some of these natural disasters.are partly caused by human activities: Causes: Scientists believe that some of for example,rapid urban development,cutting them are caused by human down too many trees,and so on.Our environment activities.For example,rapid is badly polluted,and the increased number of urban development,cutting natural disasters is a warning sign. down too many trees,and so on. (From LiveScience) Read the following chart about earth protection. PROTECTING OUR PLANET STARTS WITH YOU reduce BIKE MORE REUSE Trees provide DRIVE LESS food and recycle oxygen.They help save Cut down on what you throw energy.clean away.Follow the three "R's"to the air,and PLANT EDUCATE conserve natural resources and help combat A TREE landfill space. climate change. you can help others understand the importance and value of our natural resources. CONSERVE WATER Buy less Volunteer! plastic and The less water SHOP bring a Volunteer for cleanups you use,the reusable in your community. less runoff and WISELY shopping bag. You can get involved wastewater that in protecting your eventually end watershed too! up in the ocean. Natural Disasters 137 Notes 2:Choose 5 actions that you can do in your daily life and give examples. Action Example 1) Conserve water Make good use of waste water. 2) Shop wisely Bring a reusable shopping bag. 3)Conserve energy Turn off lights when leaving the 4) Volunteer oanup at school and in the community. 5) Drive less Use public transportation,such as buses or the subway. ② Work in groups.Make your poster with the following sample.小组话动。根据下列模板 完成海报制作。 PROTECTING OUR ENVIRONMENT Natural disasters have been increasing Some of them are caused by over the past years,such as For example Save the Earth! Protecting our earth starts with you! 5 actions you can do to save our earth: 3 Show your poster and give a presentation in class.展示制作好的海报并在班内分享。 Self-Assessment 完成以下练习，根据所给标准评价你对本单元学习内容的掌握程度。 Read and translate。.翻译以下词语。 1)damage 损坏；伤害 2)frequently 频繁地 3)protection 保护 4)sustainable 可持续的 5)prevent 防止；阻止 6)discussion 讨论 7)保护() protect 8)污染(v) pollute 9)认识到 realize 10)全球的 global 11)取消(w）cancel 12)作出改变 make a change ⑤ Excellent:11 or 12 G00d:8-10 Need to review:s7☐ 2 Read and complete.用方框中所给单词或词组的适当形式补全环保倡议书。 cause prevent promote what sustainable due to as you know realize that make a change Protect Our Planet,Act Now 1)As you know,the environment is facing serious problems like pollution and climate change.2) Due to human activities,many natural resources are being destroyed,which 3) causes harm to both nature and our health. 4)What 立即采取行动 I suggest is to take immediate action to protect our planet. 如你所知，、环境正面临严熏问题，例如污染和气候变化。由于人类活动，许多自然资源正在 被破坏，这对自然和我们的健康都造成了危害。我建议立即采取行动来保护我们的地球。 我们可以通过减少浪费、节约能源和种植更多树木来防止进一步的损害。为了提升 39 环保意识，辛校和社区应组织清洁活动和回收活动。莓个文都必须状识到，保护式 境不仅是 种选择，更是一种责任。 We can 5)prevent further damage by reducing waste,saving energy,and planting more trees.To 6)promote environmental awareness,schools 清洁和回收活动 and communities should organize clean-ups and recycling events.Everyone must7）realize that protecting the environment is not just a choice but a responsibility. 事实是 微小的行动至关重要。如果我们都共同努力 就能带来改变，创造 更美好的未来。，二个可持续的未来取决宇我们对自然资源的保护。最重要的 是，我们现在就要采取行动为字孙后代确保一个更美好的世乳。 The fact is 8) that small actions matter.If we all work together,we can 9)make a changend create a better future.A 10)sustaimable future depends on the protection of our natural resources.What matters most is that we act now 最重要的是 to ensure a better world for future generations. Let's join hands and take steps to save our planet today! 让我们携手并进，今天就采取行动拯救我们的星球！ © Excellent:9or10☐ Good:7or8☐ ⊙ Need to review:≤6 回欲阳 参考答案 140 Words and Expressions typhoon /tar''fun/n.台风 urban'3ban/ad.城市的 复数：，volcanoes drought/draut/n.干旱 volcano /vol'keinau/n.wi discuss with sb.about sth.和某人谈论某事 flood/flad/n.洪水；水灾 discussion/ds'kwn/n.讨论discuss v.讨论 sandstorm/'saendsto:m/n.沙尘暴 blow /blau/.u.(风)吹过去式blew过去分词blown stroke-striken strike/straik/u.侵袭；撞击 tie /ta/u.将…联结tie...to. frequent adj.频繁的frequency n.频度 frequently/fri:kwantli/adu.频繁地 vehicle /'vi:akl/n.车辆；交通工具 force/f6s/n.力量 global/'glaubl/ad.全球的 p8o别到镂的io污染 sustainable/sa'stemnabl/ad.可持续的 cancel/kaensl/v.取消；撤销 realize/'rIelarz/u.认识到实现 cause/do damage to.对..，造成损失 damage/'daemrd/n.损坏；伤害 definitely/'definatli/adv.确定地 protect..from.保护..免道.】 protect/pra'tekt/u.保护protection n.保护 prevent/stop/keep...from.. prevention n.阻止；预防 阻止..做..prevent/prr'vent/u.防止；阻止 heat waves热浪 smog/smDg/n.雾霾amoggy adj..雾霾的 make a change变 loose/lu:s/ad.松的；不牢固的 acid rain酸雨 soil /so/n.土地；士壤 electric car电动汽车 promote/pr3'maut/u.促进；提升 promotion n.提升