内容正文:
UNIT 1 LIFE CHOICES
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
高频词汇精讲
Things in the world differ from each other in a thousand ways.世界上的事物是千差万别的。
The two sides still differ with each other about/on/over the pay.双方关于报酬仍然意见相
左。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①differ _________ sb./sth.与某人/某物不同
②differ _________ sb. __________________ sth.关于某事与某人有不同看法
①difference n.差异;不同
make a/no difference (to sb./sth.)(对某人/某物)有/没有影响
tell the difference between A and B区分A和B
②different adj.不同的;有区别的
be different from/to/than...与……不同
③differently adv.不同地
④indifferent adj.不感兴趣的;漠不关心的
about/on/over
with
from
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①(2024新课标Ⅰ)With the rise of technology it is easy for people to make observations of ______________
(differ) species with the aid of a mobile application.
②(2025全国一)The authors of Movement have it right: it's time to think ________________(different) about
that street outside your front door.
③Despite being friends, we sometimes differ _________ each other ______________ political issues, but it
never affects our friendship.
about/on/over
with
differently
different
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
When the run began, he looked back over his shoulder and waved at me with confidence.当跑步
开始时,他回头一看,自信地向我挥手。
There's no reason to lose confidence in yourself.没有理由对你自己失去信心。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①have/lose confidence _______...对……有/失去信心
②_________ confidence满怀信心地
①confident adj.自信的;确信的,有把握的
be confident about...对……有信心
be confident of (doing) sth.对(做)某事有把握
be confident that...确信……
②confidently adv.自信地;确信地
with
in
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①(2024北京)And when people started clapping, that gave me a boost of _______________(confident).
②(2024北京)Creative activities involve being ______________(confidence).
③(2026江苏扬州期中)I have confidence _______ your ability to make a difference to your family, to your
community and to our country.
④这支队伍有把握取胜。
The team _____ ___________ _______ victory.
of
confident
is
in
confident
confidence
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
Your weight can be kept in the normal range as long as you take exercise more often.只要你多运
动,你的体重就能保持在正常范围内。
The students range in age from 12 to 18.学生的年龄在十二岁到十八岁之间。
The ages of the students range from 17 to 21 (=range between 17 and 21) with an
average of 19.学生的年龄在十七岁到二十一岁之间,平均年龄是十九岁。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①a wide/whole/full range _______...各种各样的……
②in/within the normal range在正常范围内
③in/within range(of...)
在(……)可及的范围内;在视觉(或听觉)范围内
④beyond/out of range(of...)
超出(……的)范围;在视觉(或听觉)范围之外
⑤range from A _______ B 在A到B之间变化(=range between A and B);包括从A到B之间的各类事物/人
⑥range _______ size/age/length/price from A to B
尺寸/年龄/长度/价格在A到B之间变动
in
to
of
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①(2024北京)The advantage that foxes have is that they are more likely to seek out new information from a
broader range _______ sources.
②10名年龄在30至45岁之间的女性将聚集在葡萄牙海岸,接受在大西洋冲浪的挑战。
Ten women, ______________________/___________________________ years old, will gather on the Por-
tuguese coast to embrace the challenge of surfing the Atlantic.
③这些手工艺品的价格从20元到200元不等,取决于制作的复杂程度。
The handicrafts ________ ______ ________ from 20 yuan to 200 yuan, depending on the complexity of the
production.
price
in
range
ranging between 30 and 45
ranging from 30 to 45
of
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①vary v.(大小、形状等)相异,不同;(根据情况)变化
vary in...在……方面不同
vary with...随……而变动
vary from A to B/vary between A and B从A到B不等;在A到B之间变化
②variety n.(同一事物的)不同种类,多种式样;变化;多样化;多变性;变种;品种
a variety of/varieties of各种各样的;不同种类的
③variously adv.以各种方式;不同地
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①(2026湖南长沙期中)Obviously, this technology has greatly improved our living standards in __________
(vary) aspects.
②(2023新课标Ⅱ)黄石国家公园全年在整个公园内提供各种各样的护林员项目。
Yellowstone National Park offers _____ _________ _______ ranger programs throughout the park, and
throughout the year.
③阅读习惯因人而异。
Reading habits _______ _________ _________ ______ ___________.
person
to
person
from
vary
of
variety
a
various
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
The house is convenient for/to the hospital.这座房子离医院很近。
Everything here is convenient for the residents.这里的一切对居民来说都很方便。
I want to know whether it is convenient for you to attend my birthday party on Saturday.我想
知道星期六你是否方便参加我的生日聚会。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①it is convenient (________ sb.) to do sth.
(对某人来说)做某事是方便的
②be convenient ________ sb.对某人来说方便(注意:主语不能是人,用it或sth.居多)
③be convenient ___________...离……近
①inconvenient adj.不方便的
②conveniently adv.方便地;便利地
③convenience n.方便;便利;便利设施
for/to
for
for
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
at sb.'s convenience在某人方便时;在某人适宜的地点
at your earliest convenience尽早;尽快
for convenience为了方便起见
for sb.'s convenience=for the convenience of sb.为了方便某人
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①(2024新课标Ⅰ)They have good reasons for driving their kids to school, mostly to do with safety and
___________________(convenient).
②如果您能尽快给我回信,我将感激不尽。
I'd appreciate it if you could reply to my letter _____ _______ ___________ ________________.
③我写信是想问您是否方便为我们做一个关于英语写作的在线讲座。
I'm writing to ask if _____ _______ ___________ ________ _____ _______ _______ us an online talk on
English writing.
give
to
you
for
convenient
is
it
convenience
earliest
your
at
convenience
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
Now we have to take aim at the problem and try to get it solved.现在我们不得不把目标对准这
个难题并试图解决它。
A special show will be held in our school with the aim of celebrating the 50th anniversary of the
founding of our school.我们学校将会举行一场特殊的表演以庆祝建校五十周年纪念日。
He aimed his gun at the lion and fired but missed.他把枪瞄准那头狮子,开了枪却未击中。
All our projects aim to promote the development of poor and remote communities. 我们所有的项
目都力争促进贫困偏远社区的发展。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
These measures are aimed at bridging the gap between rich and poor.这些措施旨在消除贫富差
距。
①_________ the aim of doing sth.旨在做某事
②take aim _______ sb./sth.把目标对准某人/某事物
③aim at/for...力求达到……
④aim __________/at doing sth.力争做到某事
⑤be aimed _______ doing sth.旨在做某事
⑥aim sth. _______ sb./sth.将某物瞄准某人/某物
at
at
to do
at
with
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①aimless adj.没有方向的;无目标的;无计划的
②aimlessly adv.漫无目的地,无目标地
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①(2023全国甲)Two thirds of people aim _______________(improve) their comfort while at home.
②The new marketing campaign(活动) is aimed _______ young adults who are interested in sustainable liv-
ing.
③(2026辽宁省实验中学月考)Having wandered ______________ (aimless) in the street for hours, she felt a
little hungry and wished for something to eat.
④6月8日是世界海洋日,这一节日旨在提高人们对海洋保护的意识。
World Oceans Day, falling on June 8th, _____ _________ _______ _________ people's awareness of ocean
conservation.
raising
at
aimed
is
aimlessly
at
to improve
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
I bought this shirt because it was reduced from $20 to $10. 我买这件衬衫是因为它从二十
美元降到了十美元。
Recycling is expected to reduce production costs by 35 percent. 回收利用预计将生产成本
降低35%。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①reduce sth.(_________...)(_______...) 把某物 (从……)减少/降低(到……)(表示减少后达到的数量)
②reduce sth. _______...
把某物减少/降低……(表示减少的幅度)
reduce sth. by...与reduce sth. to...
by
to
from
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
reduction n.减少,降低
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①(2023新课标Ⅰ)Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global ______________(reduce) in
error.
②(2023上海1月)Their results showed that for every cup of coffee people drank, they reduced their risk of
depression _______ 8 percent.
③许多人认为听音乐是一种可以减少压力和焦虑的爱好。
Many people think that listening to music is a hobby that can ________ ___________ ______ ___________.
anxiety
and
stress
reduce
by
reduction
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
The admiration and respect his uncle earned inspired Nielsen to make a career in acting.他叔
叔赢得的钦佩和尊重激励了尼尔森从事演艺事业。 (2021浙江)
These activities inspired the kids with confidence/inspired confidence in the kids.这
些活动使孩子们产生了信心。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①inspire sb. __________ sth.激励某人做某事
②inspire sb. _________ sth./inspire sth. _______ sb.
使某人产生某种感情,激起某人的某种感情
①inspired adj.品质优秀的;能力卓越的
②inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的;激励的;启发灵感的
③inspiration n.灵感;启发灵感的人(或事物);鼓舞人心的人(或事物)
④inspirational adj.启发灵感的;鼓舞人心的
in
with
to do
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①(2023新课标Ⅱ)These small studies provide ______________(inspire) and may be a springboard for more
complex works in the future.
②Her ______________(inspire) stories can encourage more young people to achieve their dreams.
③(2024北京)不出所料,这些新概念激励我们建立新的宇宙模型。
Unsurprisingly, these new concepts __________ ______ _____ __________ new models of the universe.
build
to
us
inspire
inspiring
inspiration
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
The rules of safe driving apply to everyone.安全驾驶规则适用于每一个人。
I'm writing to apply (to you) for the job advertised in the newspaper.我写信是想(向您)申请
登在报纸上的那份工作。
Over the next months, he applied himself to improving the technique.在接下来的几个月里,他致
力于改进这项技术。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
You'll soon find that the more patience you practice, the more you start to apply it to other,
more annoying situations.你很快就会发现,你越培养耐心,你就越开始把它应用于其他更烦人的情况。
(2023全国甲)
①apply (_______ sb.) ________ sth.(向某人)申请某物
②apply _______ sth./sb.适用于某物/某人
③apply A _______ B 把A应用于B;把A涂在B上
④apply oneself _______ (doing)...致力于(做)……
⑤apply to do sth.申请做某事
to
to
to
for
to
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①application n.申请;应用
an application form申请表
an/the/one's application to sb. for sth.向某人申请某物
②applicant n.申请人
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①(2026福建南平期中)All along the way, Charlie has continuously applied himself _______ helping others.
②Every ___________ should complete one ________________ form for each product.(apply)
③(2023全国乙)申请英国大学和学院的食物课程的学生人数有所增加。
There has been a rise in the number of students ___________ ________ food courses at UK universities and
colleges.
④同样的原则也适用于活跃的青少年。
The same principle _________ _______ ________ ______________.
teenagers
active
to
applies
for
applying
application
applicant
to
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
I know I'll have to study harder as a senior high school student and get used to being responsible for
a lot more.我知道作为一名高中生,我得更加努力地学习,并习惯承担更多的责任。
be responsible ________...对……负责
for
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①responsibility n.责任;职责;任务
a sense of responsibility责任感
take/have responsibility for...对……负责
it is sb.'s responsibility to do sth.做某事是某人的责任
②responsibly adv.负责任地
③irresponsible adj.不负责任的;没有责任感的
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①(2024新课标Ⅱ)Campbell's point is to wake up those responsible ________ AI—the technology companies
and world leaders.
②(2023新课标Ⅰ)Taking ___________________(responsible) for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat
yourself up about them.
responsibility
for
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
Our English teacher intends us to finish that task as soon as possible.我们的英语老师想让我
们尽快完成那项任务。
I intend to set/setting aside enough time to accompany my parents.我打算留出足够的时间陪我
的父母。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①intend ________________ sth.打算/计划/想要做某事
②intend sb. __________ sth.打算让某人做某事
③had intended to do...原本打算做……
①intended adj.打算的,计划的,预期的
be intended for...为……打算/设计的
be intended to do sth.为做某事而设计;旨在做某事
②intention n.目的,意图;打算
with the intention of doing...目的是做……
to do
to do/doing
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①(2024北京)What does the author intend ________________(do) by challenging a hypothesis?
②(2026江西赣州期中)At first, Lindsey had no ______________ (intend) of taking part.
③(2026黑龙江哈尔滨市第三中学校月考)The annual sports meeting is intended ____________ (help) stu-
dents build up strength and foster team spirit.
④昨晚我原本打算去拜访你,可是下雨了。
I ______ ___________ _______ _______ ________ last night, but it rained.
you
visit
to
intended
had
to help
intention
to do/doing
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
She adapted herself quickly to the new climate.她很快就使自己适应了这种新气候。
This play is adapted from a novel written by Dack.这个剧本是根据达克写的一部小说改编的。
The author is going to adapt his play for television.这个作者将把他的剧本改编成电视节目。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①adapt to...适应……
②adapt oneself _______...使某人自己适应……
③adapt...________...把……改编成……
④be adapted _________...改编自……;根据……改编
在adapt to...和adapt oneself to...中,to均为介词,其后要跟名词、代词或动名词。
①adaptation n.适应;改编本
②adaptable adj.有适应能力的;能适应的
from
for
to
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①It is my duty to help those young men and women in the company adapt _______ the new working envi-
ronment.
②这部传记剧改编自这位女中学校长的真实经历。
The biographical drama _____ __________ _________ the real-life experiences of the female middle school
headmaster.
from
adapted
is
to
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
高频词汇积累
词汇 释义 用法&拓展
schedule n.日程表,计划表;时刻表
v.为……安排时间;安排;预定 on schedule(=on time)准时,按时
ahead of schedule(=ahead of time)
提前
behind schedule 晚于预定时间
be scheduled for+时间 预定/安
排在……(时间)
be scheduled to do sth.预定/安排
做某事
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
all in all 总而言之,总的来说 含有all的其他常用短语:
after all毕竟;终究;到底
above all最重要的是
in all总共;总计
first of all首先;第一
not at all一点也不
all of a sudden突然
recover vi.恢复健康,康复 recover from从……中康复
recovery n.恢复;痊愈
make a recovery (from...)(从……中)恢复,痊愈
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
injury n.伤,损害 serious injury/injuries重伤
injury to the head 头部受伤
injure vt.使受伤;损害
injured adj.受伤的
unfortunately adv.不幸地;令人遗憾地 fortunately adv.幸运地
fortunate adj.幸运的
fortune n.大笔的钱;机会,运气
misfortune n.不幸,厄运
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
challenge n.挑战;具有挑战性的事物;(比赛
等的)邀请
vt.向……挑战 face a challenge面临挑战
accept/take up a challenge接受挑
战
challenge sb. to sth.向某人挑战某
事物
challenging adj.有挑战性的
arise vi.(问题或困难)出现,发生 arise from/out of...(=result from...)
由……引起;因……产生
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
addict n.对……着迷的人 addicted adj.上瘾的;入迷的
become/get addicted to (doing)...沉迷于(做)……
addiction n.瘾;入迷
target n.目标;靶子
vt.面向,把……对准(某群体) meet/achieve a target完成/达到目标
a target area/audience/group目标区域/观众/群体
This activity is clearly targeted at the young.这个活动显然是针对青年人的。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
volunteer vi.& vt.自愿;志愿
n.志愿者 volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事
voluntary adj.自愿的;主动的
stress n.压力;忧虑;紧张;重要性
vt.重读;使紧张;强调 under stress在压力下
lay/put stress on sth.强调某事物
stress sb. out使某人焦虑不安
it must be stressed that...必须着重
指出的是……
stressed adj.焦虑不安的
stressful adj.压力重的;紧张的
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
suffer vi.& vt.遭受(痛苦) suffer from(身体上或精神上)遭受……(痛苦)
suffer pain/loss/defeat/damage/injury/hardship遭受疼痛/损失/失败/破坏/伤害/困苦
organise vt.组织,筹划 organisation n.组织;机构
organiser n.组织者
organised adj.有组织的;有条理的
typical adj.平常的,一贯的;典型的 be typical of...是……的典型
it is typical of sb. to do sth.某人一贯做某事
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
graduate vi.毕业
n.大学毕业生;学士学位获得者 graduate from...毕业于……(学校)
graduate in...获得……(专业)学位
graduation n.毕业;毕业典礼
eager adj.热切的;渴望的 be eager for sth.渴望得到某物
be eager to do sth.渴望做某事
eagerly adv.渴望地;急切地
eagerness n.热切,渴望
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
give up 放弃 含有give的其他常用短语:
give away赠送;分发;泄露
give back归还,送回
give in屈服;投降;交上
give off发出,放出(气味、热、光
等)
give out用完,耗尽;分发;发出,放
出(热、光等)
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
contribution n.贡献;稿件;捐赠,捐款 make a contribution/contributions
to...对……做出贡献
contribute v.捐献,捐助,捐赠;促
成,造成;撰稿,投稿
contribute to导致;有助于;向……
捐款/投稿;为……做出贡献
contribute...to...把……捐献给…
…;为……撰写……
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
He hurried up so that he caught the train.他匆匆赶路,结果赶上了火车。
He hurried up so that he could catch the train.他匆匆赶路以便能赶上火车。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
It was so hot a day that nobody wanted to do anything.天气如此热,谁也不想做任何事情。
He had so little education that he was unfit for this job.他所受的教育很少,不适合做这份工作。
The tears were streaming so fast that she could not see.眼泪流得太快了,她的视线模糊了。
①so...that...表示“如此……以至于……”,引导结果状语从句。so...that...的基本结构:
so+adj./adv.+that...
so+adj.+a/an+可数名词单数+that...
so+many/few+可数名词复数+that...
so+much/little+__________+that...
不可数名词
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
②so that可引导_______状语从句,意为“以便,为了”,也可引导_______状语从句,意为“结果,
因此”。so that引导目的状语从句时,从句中常使用can、could、may、might等情态动词;so that引导结
果状语从句时,从句中一般不用类似的情态动词,so that前可以有逗号。
such...that...也可引导结果状语从句。such...that...的基本结构:
(1)such+a/an+adj.+可数名词单数+that...
•Ms. Yang is such a responsible teacher that all the students love her very much.杨老师是一位
如此负责任的老师,所有学生都很爱她。
(2)such+adj.+可数名词复数/不可数名词+that...
结果
目的
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①这次会议太重要了,我不能错过!
The conference is ______ ____________ _________ I can't afford to miss it!
②他们递给他如此多的卡片,以至于装满了几个大箱子。
They handed him _____ _________ ________ _________ they filled several large boxes.
③(2024新课标Ⅰ)Farber的治疗大大减轻了她的狗的痛苦,她能让它再活五个月。
Farber's treatments eased her dog's suffering ______ _________ _______ ______ _______ ________ ______
keep him alive for an additional five months.
④他讲了一个如此滑稽的故事,以至于我们都笑了。
He told ____ ____ ____ ____ ____/____ ____ ____ ____ ____ we all laughed.
so funny a story that
such a funny story that
to
able
was
she
that
much
so
that
cards
many
so
that
important
so
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
When he woke up, he found himself in hospital.当他醒来时,他发现自己在医院里。
I found a number of people already working there.我发现很多人已经在那里工作了。
When I opened the door, I found the ground covered by fallen leaves.当我打开门时,我发现地面
上覆盖着落叶。
I find it relaxing to listen to some soft music after work.我发现工作之后听一些轻柔的音乐令人
放松。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①在“find+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中,宾语通常为名词或代词,宾语补足语可由名词、形容词、
副词、_______短语、_________(表主动或正在进行)、_________(表被动或完成)等充当。
②当不定式短语或从句作宾语时,为了保持句子的结构平衡,通常用_______作形式宾语,而将真正
的宾语放在宾语补足语后面。
it
过去分词
现在分词
介词
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①(2025全国一)I found myself ______________(wonder) just how my students, who'd created these people,
knew their subjects so well.
②(2026江苏南京市第十三中学月考)We got to the old town half an hour later and found ourselves ____
___________(attract) by the natural beauty of the scenery.
③我们常常发现,认识到别人的短处比认识到自己的更容易。
We often _______ ______ ________ ______ ____________ other people's weaknesses than our own.
recognize
to
easier
it
find
tracted
at-
wondering
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
形式主语
时间状语从句
宾语从句
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
原因状语从句
目的状语从句
后置定语
定语从句
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
主语从句
表语从句
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
动词不定式
不定式虽然不能单独作谓语,但保留着动词的某些特征,可带自己的宾语和状语,从而形成不定式
短语。不定式(短语)在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语和状语。
1.不定式的基本形式和否定式
不定式的基本形式是“to+动词原形”,其否定式是在其前加上not。
He warned me to take an umbrella.他提醒我带把雨伞。
He warned me not to be late.他提醒我不要迟到。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
2.不定式的时态形式、语态形式
主动形式 被动形式 意义
一般式 to do to be done 不定式表示的动作与句中谓语动词表示的动作没有先后顺序
进行式 to be
doing / 不定式表示的动作与句中谓语动词表示的动作同时发生
完成式 to have
done to have
been done 不定式表示的动作发生在句中谓语动词表示的动作之前
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
1.作主语
To learn English well is very important.学好英语很重要。
It is a pleasure to talk with him.与他谈话是一件乐事。
It's kind of you to help me with my English.你帮我学英语真是太好了。
(1)动词不定式作主语表示具体的动作。
(2)不定式可放在句首作主语,但为了使句子平衡,常用①_______作形式主语放在句首,而将真正的主语
(不定式)放到句末。常用句型有“It is+名词(one's duty、a pity、a shame...)+to do sth.”和“It is+形容
词+for/of sb. to do sth.”。
it
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
“It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.”句型中的形容词一般表示事物的特点;而“It is+形容词+of sb. to
do sth.”句型中的形容词一般表示人的性格、品德、心智能力、主观感情或态度。
2.作宾语
He decided to work in that factory.他决定在那家工厂工作。
I find it interesting to stay with you.我发觉与你待在一起很有趣。
(1)有些动词后只能跟不定式作宾语。
(2)动词不定式作宾语且后面有宾语补足语时,常用②_______作形式宾语,把真正的宾语(不定式)放在宾
语补足语之后。
it
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
巧学助记
用动词不定式作宾语的动词:
三个希望俩答应(hope, wish, want, agree, promise)
两个要求莫拒绝(demand, ask, refuse)
设法学会做决定(manage, learn, decide, determine)
不要假装在选择(pretend, choose, elect)
打算提出俩计划(intend, offer, plan, mean)
申请失败付得起(apply, fail, afford)
准备愿望又碰巧(prepare, desire, happen)
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
3.作宾语补足语
The teacher advised us to learn through experiments.老师建议我们通过实验来学习。
We heard him say goodbye to his friends.我们听见他向他的朋友们道别。
→He was heard to say goodbye to his friends.他被听到向他的朋友们道别。
He often comes to help us (to) do some farm work.他经常来帮我们干一些农活。
(1)可以用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)有ask、tell、order、want、get、would like、advise、
invite、allow、wish、warn、expect、encourage、force、teach等,不定式符号to ③_______省略。
(2)有些使役动词和感官动词(短语),如have、let、make、feel、hear、listen to、notice、see、watch、
observe、look at等,在主动结构中跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语,在变为被动形式时,不定式作主
语补足语,不能省略④_______。
to
不能
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
(3)动词⑤_________接动词不定式作宾语补足语时,不定式符号to可省略也可不省略。
4.作表语
My hope is to become a scientist.我希望成为一名科学家。
My job is to teach English.我的工作是教英语。
动词不定式作表语可表示主语的责任或义务、主语将来的行为或主语的内容或性质。
5.作定语
The farmers came up with ways to protect their crops.农民们想出了保护庄稼的方法。
He was the last one to arrive at the classroom this morning.今天早上他是最后一个到教室的。
help
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
Would you please give me some paper to write on? 你能给我一些纸写字吗?
(1)动词不定式可作后置定语,修饰前面的名词或代词。
(2)常用结构:the+序数词/形容词最高级/very/only/⑥_________+名词/代词+to do。
(3)作定语的不定式若为不及物动词,或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等,
其后须有与之搭配的介词。如果被不定式修饰的名词为place、time、way时,不定式后面的介词习惯
上可以省去。
6.作状语
动词不定式作状语,可表示目的、结果、原因等。
In order to get there before eight, I started early.为了在八点以前到达那里,我很早就动身了。
last
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
I am very sorry to hear that.听到这件事我很难过。
He searched the room only to find nothing. 他搜查了那个房间,结果什么也没发现。
(1)表目的。为了强调表示目的的不定式结构,可在不定式前加上⑦___________或so as,但so as to do一
般不放在句首。
(2)表原因。动词不定式放在系表结构后面,表示产生某种情绪或状态的原因。
(3)表结果。so/such...as to do、too...to do、...enough to do等结构中的不定式表示结果,而⑧_________ to
do常表示出乎意料的结果。
only
in order
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
When to hold the meeting has not been decided.什么时候开会还没有决定。
It's been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I've
moved out.当我搬出去时,知道如何掩盖洞和重新粉刷房间以避免任何费用是很有用的。(2023全国甲)
who、what、which、⑨_________、where和⑩________等特殊疑问词后接不定式可以构成一种特
殊的不定式短语,常在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等。
how
when
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
-ed/-ing 形容词
有些动词的-ed形式可用作形容词,描述人的情感,通常意为“感到……的”。有些动词的-ing形式
可用作形容词,描述情境、人或事物,通常意为“令人……的;使人……的”。但在expression、look(表
情)、face、smile、voice等词前,常用-ed形式的形容词。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
They were frightened when they heard that the lion had got out of its cage.他们听说那头狮子从
笼子里逃脱后,感到害怕。
Many people enjoy relaxing music in the evening prior to going to bed.许多人喜欢在晚上睡觉前
听令人放松的音乐。 (2021北京)
I found the book so interesting that I kept on reading it until daybreak.我发现这本书如此有趣,以
至于我一直读到黎明。
After the long journey, the three of them went back home, hungry and tired.长途旅行后,他们三个
回到家,又饿又累。
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
-ed形式的形容词和-ing形式的形容词可以在句中作 _______、表语、宾语补足语和状语。
定语
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
interested感兴趣的→interesting有趣的
excited兴奋的→exciting令人兴奋的
surprised惊奇的→surprising令人惊奇的
astonished吃惊的→astonishing令人十分惊讶的
frightened害怕的→frightening令人害怕的
embarrassed尴尬的→embarrassing令人尴尬的
disappointed失望的→disappointing令人失望的
relaxed放松的→relaxing令人放松的
moved感动的→moving令人感动的
pleased满意的→pleasing令人满意的
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
①(2024北京)When I decided ____________(pursue) a postgraduate degree, I wanted to develop a novel re-
search programme.
②One way to begin is ______________(answer) your own excuses.
③The parents were asked ________________(interact) with their children as they normally would, and about
half of the children in the study played with puzzles at one time.
④(2023北京)I turned up at the appointed hour for a dinner, only ____________(find) that no other guest had
arrived and my hostess was still in her sleeping suit.
⑤(2026江苏扬州月考)It is tough for me _____________ (control) my feelings, especially when my parents
don't support my ideas.
to control
to find
to interact
to answer
to pursue
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
⑥Lost in despair, the fellow didn't know how ______________(handle) the embarrassing situation.
⑦The need ____________________(recognize) as an independent scientist drove the author to push forward
with the research plan.
⑧It was ________________(challenge) at first, but with practice and determination, I gradually improved.
⑨(2025浙江1月)Your audience will naturally be more interested and ___________(engage) when you tailor
your communications to their interests.
⑩Stephanie gave me a _________________(disappoint) look, and left Nelson's room, followed by my dad.
_______________(determine) and proud, I took out my own money and handed it to Dad.
On seeing the ______________ scene, the little girl was so _______________ that she burst out crying.
(frighten)
frightened
frightening
Determined
disappointed
engaged
challenging
to be recognized
to handle
第1讲 描述运动的基本概念
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