高中英语单元测试——Unit 3 Conservation（较易版01）

高中英语单元测试——Unit 3 Conservation（较易版01）（解析版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）Why does the man intend to buy a new bike? A．To be environment-friendly. B．To save money on fuel costs. C．To stay in fashion. 【答案】A 【原文】M: What a fashionable car you’ve got! W: Thanks. I’ve always wanted an electric one to try and save the planet. You know, we only have one planet. M: I guess you’re right. I might get an electric bike to replace my motorbike, as I can’t drive. 2．（本题1.5分）What will the speakers do this Saturday? A．Visit a museum. B．Clean the riverbank. C．Plant trees. 【答案】B 【原文】M: Our class plans to visit the science museum this Saturday. W: But I heard the riverbank is full of litter. Why not help clean it first? M: That’s more meaningful. Let’s protect our environment together. 3．（本题1.5分）What is the woman’s attitude to the man’s suggestion? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. 【答案】A 【原文】W: We should pay attention to our influences on the places we visit. Any ideas on how to be responsible tourists? M: Yes, we can start from small things like stopping throwing rubbish around. W: You’re right, we must protect the local environment. 4．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Ways to reduce loneliness. B．The increase in loneliness. C．The negative effects of loneliness. 【答案】B 【原文】W: Shall we go over the notes about our research into loneliness now? Dave. M: Okay, Tamara, it’s been a real eye opener. I had no idea that loneliness has been increasing steadily for the last 20 years. W: And it’s the same all over the world, the downside of the modern lifestyle, I guess. 5．（本题1.5分）What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Co-workers. C．Neighbors. 【答案】B 【原文】M: Hey! Did you see Ann in the office this morning? W: Yes, but why did she have such a long face? M: I’m not sure. I heard she failed to get promoted. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)What is the main purpose of the campaign? A．To reduce air pollution. B．To propose a new act. C．To educate locals. 7．(1.5分)What will the woman probably do next? A．Build more EV charging stations. B．Gain support from neighborhoods. C．Design a poster for the campaign. 【答案】6．A 7．B 【原文】M: Tracy, have you heard our city plans to launch a campaign on clean energy next month? W: Really? How will that help? M: It aims to cut fossil fuel use and reduce carbon emissions. Experts say it could lower CO2 levels by 20% in five years. W: That's impressive. But how can local people get involved? M: The government will hold meetings to explain the benefits. You should join. W: I sure will. By the way, our neighborhood needs more EV charging stations. M: I agree. Let’s propose this to the city council too. W: Good idea. I'll draft a proposal and call on our neighbors to participate. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)Where are the speakers probably? A．In a studio. B．In a police station. C．In a hospital. 9．(1.5分)What can teenagers do when managing their stress according to the woman? A．Do less homework. B．Manage their time. C．Eat out with families. 10．(1.5分)What does the woman suggest to help teenagers reduce stress? A．Organizing study groups. B．Discussing study with their classmates. C．Spending time with their family and friends. 【答案】8．A 9．B 10．C 【原文】M: Good morning, everyone! Today we are talking to Dr Emma Bartlett about the causes of stress among teenagers, and how students can manage their stress. Welcome to the show, Emma! W: Thanks. M: What causes stress? W: For teenagers today there is a lot of pressure at school, and too little time to relax. Often, this is mixed with problems at home, arguments with friends, or health problems. M: What can teenagers do then? W: Well, time management is really important. Students who are organized are usually a lot less stressed. M: How can students manage their time? W: They should make sure they balance their study time with relaxing activities. Making sure homework is done ahead of time often reduces stress. M: Do you have any suggestions? Will the balanced diets be helpful? W: Maybe a little bit. I think they should spend some time with their family and friends. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话, 回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)Why have many young people bought gold recently? A．Because they hope to get returns. B．Because they want to invest in fashion. C．Because they can show off. 12．(1.5分)What’s the feature of current gold phone stickers? A．Expensive. B．Fashionable. C．Thick. 13．(1.5分)How does the woman feel about the gold phone stickers? A．Interested. B．Indifferent. C．Concerned. 【答案】11．A 12．B 13．A 【原文】W: The price of gold has been going up recently. M: Yes. And I’ve noticed that a lot of young people are starting to buy gold now. They view it as both an investment and a fashion statement. My sister bought a gold necklace and a pair of gold earrings recently. W: My friend Diana feels like getting some gold bars, but she hasn’t saved up enough money. Gold is still too expensive for most ordinary people, especially the young. M: You’ve got the point. Therefore, many young people are looking for a new way to participate in the “gold rush” — buying gold phone stickers. The gold stickers won’t cost much and can make their phones look super fancy. W: Really? I’ve never heard of gold phone stickers. M: While gold phone stickers have been around for years, only in the last two years have they turned very popular. The producers now can create thinner and lighter gold phone stickers with stylish designs. W: I’ll get some online. （本题6分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What inspired the woman to start the program? A．A newly published article. B．An interest in bird watching. C．A recent environmental event. 15．(1.5分)How were birds affected by light pollution according to Professor Brent? A．Birds sang earlier and longer. B．Birds were less active and slept more. C．Birds with large bodies were more affected. 16．(1.5分)What activity did the man suggest? A．A bird-photography contest. B．A learning trip to bird island. C．A bird-conservation speech. 17．(1.5分)When is the trip suggested to be? A．In March. B．In April. C．In May. 【答案】14．A 15．A 16．B 17．C 【原文】W: I’m planning to start a program at our community school to raise awareness about the challenges birds face due to human activities. Would you like to join? M: That sounds meaningful. Where did you get the idea? W: From Professor Brent’s newly published article. He explained how light pollution affects birds. In brightly lit areas, birds began singing an average of 18 minutes early. At night, they sang for an extra 32 minutes on average. M: I read it as well. He also found that birds with larger eyes compared to their body size were more affected. W: Yes, that’s really worrying. I intend to invite Professor Brent to give a speech for the program. Any other ideas? M: How about organizing a learning trip to Bird Island in Shenyang? It’s a great spot for observing birds. Students could bring a bird book and a camera to record what they see. W: Good, we could host a contest to select the best photograph. When do you think we should schedule the trip? M: How about setting it on the second Saturday of May? It is World Migratory Bird Day at this time of year. W:Great idea! That gives us two months to get the principal’s approval. （本题4.5分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(1.5分)What does the word “fishwife” generally mean in English? A．A family role. B．A request to speak louder. C．A woman who speaks loudly. 19．(1.5分)How many plastic bottles have been collected so far according to the speaker? A．More than 13,000. B．More than 80,000. C．More than 110,000. 20．(1.5分)What is the main topic of the talk? A．The arguments between fishermen. B．The yusao’s fight against ocean pollution. C．The history of yusao in China. 【答案】18．C 19．C 20．B 【原文】 In English, fishwife is an unkind term for a woman with a loud voice. But on Chengdu Island in Zhejiang, China, fishermen’s wives yu sao have shown the world that their strong voices can be a real force for good. In Chinese fishing communities yu sao were traditionally responsible for fishing safety and for solving arguments between fishermen. As such they’re highly respected. So when Hu Sangsu began speaking up about ocean pollution, people listened. Raised on the island, Hu had noticed fish numbers falling and believed pollution was the cause. Without action the future of Chengdu Island’s 13,000 people was in danger. So Hu began encouraging fishermen to collect plastic rubbish and return it to land. Volunteers then sort and process it to sell to recycling companies. Since 2020, over 110,000 plastic bottles and over 80,000 boat batteries have been collected. Now fishermen report improvements in fish numbers. And while the work can be tough, the yu sao can make more money each month for their efforts. It’s been a real win-win for the whole community. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）Shared mobility: Making travel easier for all In major cities across Europe and the US, shared bikes and cars seem to be everywhere. Yet for disabled, elderly, low-income individuals, or those without a smartphone or credit card, these services are practically out of reach. Such services tend to gather in wealthy urban areas, leaving users largely young, wealthy, and able-bodied. Shared mobility could be a key part of a more sustainable transportation system. But to be most effective, it needs to include everyone. For-profit shared mobility providers have largely failed to deliver on this, but various initiatives and projects are finding creative solutions to reach under-served communities. ●Buffalo’s E-Bike Library: Organizes training, group rides and educational events to familiarize people with cycling culture and safety, with 71% of members being first-time riders. ●Mobitwin’s car-share service: Prioritizes email- and phone-based bookings over apps to extend reach to a wider share of the population lacking digital literacy, helping them access the service more easily. ● U.S. bike-sharing policy: Provides fare reductions for low-income groups, with cash payment options and non-smartphone access as key measures to broaden adoption, which has shown promise in increasing the use of shared bikes while decreasing the use of personal vehicles. ●Graz’s car-share initiatives: Add wheelchair-accessible vehicles, child seats, and station-based booking to suit diverse users’ trip-chaining needs, such as mid-route pickups and multi-destination trips. The future of shared mobility relies on making inclusive design a top priority. As Esen Köse, project manager at Mpact, puts it, “It’s about starting with people’s needs.” 21．(2.5分)Based on the chart, which barrier is reported most frequently by lower-income users? A．Lack of familiarity with the system. B．High cost of the system. C．Inaccessibility of locations. D．Lack of smartphone access. 22．(2.5分)Which initiative provides vehicles accessible to wheelchair users? A．Buffalo’s E-Bike Library. B．Mobitwin’s car-share service. C．U.S. bike-sharing policy. D．Graz’s car-share initiatives. 23．(2.5分)What will shape the future of shared mobility according to Esen Köse? A．Tech-based priority. B．Charity-run initiatives. C．Profit-driven providers. D．User-centered accessibility. 【答案】21．B 22．D 23．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了共享出行服务在欧美城市的普及现状及其面临的公平性问题，分析了不同收入群体使用共享出行时遇到的障碍，并列举了多个旨在提高服务包容性的创新举措。 【详解】21．细节理解题。根据文章图表中“Percent reporting barrier”部分的数据可知，低收入群体中“High cost of the system”这一障碍的反馈比例为88%，远高于其他两项，是报告频率最高的障碍。 22．细节理解题。根据“Graz’s car-share initiatives”部分中的“Add wheelchair-accessible vehicles...(增加可供轮椅使用者乘坐的无障碍车辆……)”可知，格拉茨的汽车共享计划提供了可供轮椅使用者使用的车辆。 23．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“As Esen Köse, project manager at Mpact, puts it, ‘It’s about starting with people’s needs.’(正如Mpact的项目经理Esen Köse所说：“关键是从人们的需求出发。”)”可知，共享出行的未来将以“以用户为中心的可达性”为核心。 （本题10分）When tennis player Sam Bencheghib recognized the way the oceans in his home country, Indonesia, were polluted, in 2009, he and his older brother, Gary, co-founded Make a Change World, an organization supporting sustainability (可持续性) as well as helping to cut plastic (塑料) pollution. The company shares short videos encouraging eco-friendly actions. Bencheghib has worked on several projects overseas. But he wanted to do something in the United States on his own. In January, Bencheghib came up with the idea to run from Los Angeles to New York, to make people pay attention to plastic pollution and its influence on oceans. Starting on June 8, Bencheghib has kept running 20 miles a day for 140 days. Along the way, he plans to host education speeches at schools, universities and town halls as well as organize street and city cleanups to influence people. Bencheghib said he understands the difficulty of his task but recognizes that taking risks often has advantages. Unsurprisingly, when he told his team and coaches about his plan, he was met with surprise. “We were all really excited but couldn’t believe it,” teammate Christopher Auteri said. “It’s crazy how long it is, but we know if there’s anyone who’s going to do it, it’s going to be Sam.” Since Bencheghib broke the news to the team, there have been no plastic water bottles in the locker room, and teammates join Bencheghib on training runs. Coach Wouter Hendrix said Bencheghib’s work shows his persistence (坚持) and courage, which he believes will serve as invaluable qualities for completing his run. 24．(2.5分)What encouraged Sam to set up his organization? A．The sea pollution in Indonesia. B．The videos he watched. C．A conversation with his brother. D．A match he played. 25．(2.5分)What decision did Sam make to protect the oceans? A．Creating something to replace plastics. B．Meeting local leaders. C．Inviting people to give speeches in schools. D．Running across America. 26．(2.5分)What did Sam’s teammates do after they heard his decision? A．They refused to play tennis with him. B．They joined his organization. C．They showed their support with their actions. D．They gave him some money. 27．(2.5分)Which of the following words can best describe Sam Bencheghib? A．Careful and hard-working. B．Strong-minded and helpful. C．Friendly and honest. D．Impatient and outgoing. 【答案】24．A 25．D 26．C 27．B 【导语】本文主要讲述了网球运动员Sam Bencheghib发现祖国印尼的海洋被污染后，和哥哥共同创立环保组织应对塑料污染，之后他计划横跨美国长跑，以此呼吁公众关注塑料对海洋的污染，并得到了队友和教练的支持。 【详解】24．细节理解题。根据文章第一段内容“When tennis player Sam Bencheghib recognized the way the oceans in his home country, Indonesia, were polluted, in 2009, he and his older brother, Gary, co-founded Make a Change World, an organization supporting sustainability as well as helping to cut plastic pollution.(2009年，当网球运动员Sam Bencheghib发现自己的祖国印度尼西亚的海洋遭受污染时，他与哥哥Gary共同创立了“改变世界”组织，该组织致力于推动可持续发展，并帮助减少塑料污染。)”可知，印尼的海洋污染促使萨姆创立了该环保组织。 25．细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“In January, Bencheghib came up with the idea to run from Los Angeles to New York, to make people pay attention to plastic pollution and its influence on oceans.(1月，Bencheghib提出了从洛杉矶跑到纽约的想法，以此让人们关注塑料污染及其对海洋的影响。)”可知，Bencheghib做出的保护海洋的决定是从洛杉矶跑到纽约，横穿美国长跑。 26．细节理解题。根据文章末尾段内容“Since Bencheghib broke the news to the team, there have been no plastic water bottles in the locker room, and teammates join Bencheghib on training runs.(自从Bencheghib告知团队计划后，更衣室不再使用塑料水瓶，队友也陪他一起长跑训练，用实际行动支持他。)” 可知，队友们用实际行动支持他的计划。 27．推理判断题。根据文章首段内容“…co-founded Make a Change World, an organization supporting sustainability as well as helping to cut plastic pollution. The company shares short videos encouraging eco-friendly actions.(……共同创立了“Make a Change World”组织，该组织致力于推动可持续发展，并帮助减少塑料污染。该公司通过分享短视频来倡导环保行动。)”可知，他一直致力于推动环保、减少海洋塑料污染，说明他乐于助人；同时根据最后一段内容“Coach Wouter Hendrix said Bencheghib’s work shows his persistence and courage, which he believes will serve as invaluable qualities for completing his run.(教练Wouter Hendrix表示，Bencheghib的工作体现了他的坚持和勇气，他认为这些品质将对完成全程跑至关重要。)”可知，他意志坚定。因此推知，他是意志坚定且乐于助人的人。 （本题10分）For centuries, the soil was considered a silent world. This perception, however, is now being overturned by scientists who are discovering that the ground beneath our feet is, in fact, full of life. The revelation began with an experiment by Marcus Maeder, a sound artist and researcher. When he first pushed a specialized microphone into a mountain grassy field, his headphones erupted with a loud mix of strange sounds — thrumming, chirring, and scraping. This accidental discovery opened the door to the study of living sounds in soil, which uses sensors pushed into the soil to pick up the tiny movements made by underground life. This hidden world is home to immense biodiversity. Ecologist Carolyn-Monika Görres’s research on root-eating beetle larvae (甲虫幼虫), provides a fascinating example. She discovered that the larvae produce distinct, species-specific sounds together, a process called stridulation (摩擦发声). In her lab, she observed that larvae in groups stridulated frequently — over 600 times in a few hours. This unique sound helps scientists identify and monitor these pests, which can cause significant damage to crops. The practical applications are significant. In agriculture, this technology could allow farmers to find the exact location of pest problems, enabling targeted pesticide (农药) use instead of blanket applications, thus protecting soil health. However, this research has also revealed an important but worrying truth. The same sensitive equipment picks up the noise of human activity — distant traffic, construction, and airplanes — deep within the soil. The impact of this noise pollution on underground life is still unknown, but it is unlikely to be positive. More alarmingly, in intensively farmed soils, the natural mix of sounds often falls silent, indicating a loss of biodiversity and degraded land health. Listening to the soil does more than satisfy scientific curiosity. It reveals the complex, vital ecosystem that sustains us and serves as a strong warning that our actions can quiet its essential chorus, urging us to become better caretakers of the land. 28．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “overturned” in the first paragraph mean? A．Ignored. B．Confirmed. C．Explained. D．Challenged. 29．(2.5分)What can we learn about Marcus Maeder’s experiment? A．It aimed to record life in soil. B．It led to an unexpected finding. C．It pioneered the use of sensors. D．It proved previous assumptions. 30．(2.5分)How can the technology benefit soil health? A．By replacing chemical use. B．By preventing pest problems. C．By applying chemicals precisely. D．By strengthening pesticide effect. 31．(2.5分)What does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph? A．Curiosity fuels scientific progress. B．Human actions may silence the soil. C．More research on soil life is needed. D．The soil ecosystem is highly complex. 【答案】28．D 29．B 30．C 31．B 【导语】本文通过相关实验发现土壤中充满各类生命声响，介绍甲虫幼虫摩擦发声的现象与研究价值，阐述该技术在农业精准施药、保护土壤健康上的实际用途，同时指出人类活动噪音与集约化农耕正在破坏土壤生物多样性，呼吁人们守护土地生态系统。 【详解】28．词句猜测题。根据第一段“For centuries, the soil was considered a silent world. This perception, however, is now being overturned by scientists who are discovering that the ground beneath our feet is, in fact, full of life.(几个世纪以来，土壤一直被视作一个寂静的世界。然而如今科学家发现我们脚下的土地其实充满生机，这一观念正被overturned。)”可知，人们原有认知认为土壤沉寂无声，新发现对此观点提出质疑与颠覆，challenged意为“质疑、挑战”。 29．细节理解题。根据第二段“When he first pushed a specialized microphone into a mountain grassy field, his headphones erupted with a loud mix of strange sounds — thrumming, chirring, and scraping. This accidental discovery opened the door to the study of living sounds in soil.(当他第一次将专用麦克风插入山间草地时，耳机里突然传出混杂的怪异声响——嗡嗡声、唧唧声和刮擦声。这一意外发现为土壤生命声响的研究开启了大门。)”可知，此次实验并非刻意预设，而是收获了意外发现。 30．细节理解题。根据第四段“In agriculture, this technology could allow farmers to find the exact location of pest problems, enabling targeted pesticide use instead of blanket applications, thus protecting soil health.(在农业领域，这项技术能让农民精准定位虫害位置，实现农药精准施用而非全面喷洒，进而保护土壤健康。)”可知，该技术通过精准定位虫害、精准施用农药维护土壤健康。 31．推理判断题。根据最后一段“It reveals the complex, vital ecosystem that sustains us and serves as a strong warning that our actions can quiet its essential chorus, urging us to become better caretakers of the land.(它揭示了维系我们生存的复杂而重要的生态系统，并发出强烈警示：人类的行为可能会让这一生命的共鸣沉寂，督促我们更好地守护这片土地。)”可知，作者意在传递人类活动可能会破坏土壤生态、让土壤生命声响消失的观点。 （本题10分）Walk into a standard supermarket and you’ll quickly be presented with a wide range of unhealthy, ultra-processed (超加工的) options which are often too inviting to ignore. In fact, many leading experts say the food environment — such as the way food is produced, marketed and sold — is influencing consumers to make unhealthy choices. The food environment itself is part of the problem, much of which is designed to prioritize profit. Franco Sassi, a researcher at Imperial College, said that while individuals feel as though they can choose what they buy and eat, the evidence paints a distinct picture. What makes this particularly troubling is that ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are adjusted by producers to make them as appealing as possible. This is despite the increasing understanding of the link between UPFs and negative health outcomes. Stating this clearly on food labels can drive behavioral change. In 2016, Chile introduced black warning labels for food high in sugar, salt or calories, leading to a 23.8% drop in purchases of high-calorie products. Likewise, many European countries adopt the “Nutri-score”, a front-of-pack labeling system originating in France. It uses colored letters ranging from the healthiest dark green A to the least healthy red E, designed to help consumers make better-informed food choices. The Nutri-score came about after several large-scale studies by nutrition scientist Touvier and colleagues showing associations between nutritional quality and negative health outcomes, including cancer. This sparked widespread media debate, she says, leading to public perception that people “were being poisoned” by the food industry, which in turn increased pressure on food companies to make changes. In response, some producers decreased the percentage of sugar in their products and shifted from refined grains to whole-grain flours. Supermarkets also promoted healthier products, which increased sales of “Nutri-score A” products and decreased sales of “E” products, says Touvier. Consequently, Nutri-score labelling has been shown to change consumer behavior too. 32．(2.5分)What does Franco Sassi imply? A．Food markets ignore economic benefits. B．Consumers lack freedom in food selection. C．Shoppers have some knowledge of food risks. D．Scientific evidence contradicts experts’ views. 33．(2.5分)What are UPFs specially made to do? A．Lower market costs. B．Reduce health risks. C．Boost nutritional benefits. D．Draw more customers. 34．(2.5分)What can be known about the measures mentioned in paragraph 4? A．They cease the sale of unhealthy foods. B．They adopt the same grading standards. C．They force people to buy nutritious foods. D．They use eye-catching marks to warn people. 35．(2.5分)What does the last paragraph show about the Nutri-score? A．Its chain effect. B．Its future trend. C．Its design purpose. D．Its wide popularity. 【答案】32．B 33．D 34．D 35．A 【导语】主要讲述食品环境影响饮食选择，介绍食品标签制度对厂商与消费者产生的连锁影响。 【详解】32．推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Franco Sassi, a researcher at Imperial College, said that while individuals feel as though they can choose what they buy and eat, the evidence paints a distinct picture.(帝国理工学院研究员佛朗哥·萨西表示，尽管人们感觉自己可以自主选择购买和食用的食物，但证据呈现出截然不同的情况。)”可知，看似消费者拥有选择权，实际食品环境在暗中影响，暗示消费者在食物选择上缺乏真正的自由。 33．细节理解题。根据第三段中的“What makes this particularly troubling is that ultra‑processed foods (UPFs) are adjusted by producers to make them as appealing as possible.(尤为令人担忧的是，生产商对超加工食品进行调整，使其尽可能具有吸引力。)”可知，超加工食品被制作出来是为了吸引更多顾客。 34．细节理解题。根据第四段中的“In 2016, Chile introduced black warning labels for food high in sugar, salt or calories…Likewise, many European countries adopt the “Nutri‑score”, a front‑of‑pack labeling system…It uses colored letters ranging from the healthiest dark green A to the least healthy red E…(2016年智利为高糖、高盐、高热量食品推出黑色警示标签……同样许多欧洲国家采用Nutri‑score包装正面标签系统，使用彩色字母，从最健康的深绿色A到最不健康的红色E……)”可知，这些措施采用醒目的标识来警示消费者。 35．细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“In response, some producers decreased the percentage of sugar in their products and shifted from refined grains to whole-grain flours. Supermarkets also promoted healthier products, which increased sales of “Nutri-score A” products and decreased sales of “E” products, says Touvier. Consequently, Nutri-score labelling has been shown to change consumer behavior too.(图维耶表示，作为回应，部分生产商降低了产品中的糖分占比，将精制谷物替换为全谷物面粉。超市也大力推广更为健康的商品，这使得 “营养评分 A 级” 产品销量上涨，“E 级” 产品销量下滑。因此，事实证明营养评分标签同样能够改变消费者的消费行为。)”可知，Nutri‑score带来了从生产商、超市到消费者的一系列连锁反应。 （本题12.5分）The Lipstick Effect In 2020, the world fell into an economic downturn as the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread closures to businesses. 36(2.5分) During such times of economic hardship, one may naturally expect that consumer markets will see a decline in expenditure (支出), as people everywhere feel restricted to making only “essential” purchases. However, a curious phenomenon known as the “lipstick effect” can often be observed. The lipstick effect refers to the phenomenon of consumers spending on small luxury goods even when an economic depression occurs. 37(2.5分) However, many still find the cash for purchases of small luxury items, such as lipstick. This phenomenon was termed the “lipstick effect” in 2001 by Leonard Lauder, chairman of luxury cosmetic company Estée Lauder. He had not only witnessed the phenomenon at work but also realized that it was especially evident in the case of lipstick and other cosmetic products. 38(2.5分) First and perhaps most obviously, consumers may simply wish to give themselves treats now and again to provide distractions from their financial insecurity. Another theory has to do with labour markets. Specifically, during the economic depression, job seeking tends to become more competitive. Thus, people seeking employment may perceive a need to spend money on certain products to improve their physical appearance. 39(2.5分) 40(2.5分) During the global depression of 2007-2009, sales of cosmetics in the United States increased by around 5%. Based on such data, it seems that even in the current insecure economic climate, the luxury cosmetics industry is one that will be sticking around. A．What does lipstick tell us about the economy? B．They do not have enough to spend on big-ticket luxury items. C．The lipstick effect is a behavior that reflects economic conditions and emotional states. D．So, how exactly do consumers who are short of cash justify making such purchases? E．By using products such as lipstick, they may feel more confident during job interviews. F．Whatever the causes of the lipstick effect, this phenomenon is no short-lived trend. G．Under these circumstances, millions of people suddenly found themselves facing financial insecurity. 【答案】36．G 37．B 38．D 39．E 40．F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了在经济萧条期间，消费者倾向于购买小奢侈品如口红的现象，即“口红效应”，及其背后的心理和市场表现。 【详解】36．由上文“In 2020, the world was fell into an economic down turn as the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread closures to businesses. (2020年，由于COVID-19大流行导致企业普遍关闭，世界陷入了经济衰退)”可知，本空要说跟“经济衰退对人们影响”有关的话题，由下文“During such times of economic hardship, one may naturally expect that consumer markets will see a decline in expenditure, as people everywhere feel restricted to making only “essential” purchases. (在这样的经济困难时期，人们可能会自然地预期消费市场将看到支出的下降，因为各地的人们都感到只能购买“必需品”)”可知，本句要表达经济衰退对人们消费态度的影响，故G选项“Under these circumstances, millions of people suddenly found themselves facing financial insecurity. (在这种情况下，数以百万计的人突然发现自己面临着经济上的不安全)”承接上文提到的疫情导致经济衰退的情况，并引出下文，符合语境。故选G。 37．由上文“The lipstick effect refers to the phenomenon of consumers spending on small luxury goods even when an economic depression occurs. (“口红效应”是指即使经济不景气，消费者也会购买小型奢侈品的现象)”可知，本空要说跟“购买小型奢侈品的原因”有关的话题，由下文“However, many still find the cash for purchases of small luxury items, such as lipstick. (然而，许多人仍然会用现金购买口红等小型奢侈品)”可知，本句要与后文构成转折。故B选项“They do not have enough to spend on big-ticket luxury items. (他们没有足够的钱购买高价奢侈品)”与下文形成对比，先说明人们在经济萧条时没钱买大件奢侈品，接着转折说仍会买小奢侈品，能承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 38．由下文“First and perhaps most obviously, consumers may simply wish to give themselves treats now and again to provide distractions from their financial insecurity. Another theory has to do with labour markets. Specifically, during the economic depression, job seeking tends to become more competitive. Thus, people seeking employment may perceive a need to spend money on certain products to improve their physical appearance. (首先，或许也是最明显的一点是，消费者可能只是希望时不时地犒劳一下自己，以分散自己对财务不安全感的注意力。另一个理论与劳动力市场有关。具体来说，在经济萧条时期，求职的竞争变得更加激烈。因此，寻找工作的人可能会觉得有必要花钱购买某些产品来改善他们的外表)”可知，本空要说跟“此类购买原因”有关的话题，故D选项“So, how exactly do consumers who are short of cash justify making such purchases? (那么，现金短缺的消费者究竟如何证明进行此类购买是合理的呢?)”提出了一个关于消费者心理的问题，引出下文对原因的讨论，符合语境。故选D。 39．由上文“Thus, people seeking employment may perceive a need to spend money on certain products to improve their physical appearance. (因此，寻找工作的人可能会觉得有必要花钱购买某些产品来改善他们的外表)”可知，本空要说跟“改善他们的外表的好处”有关的话题，故E选项“By using products such as lipstick, they may feel more confident during job interviews. (通过使用口红等产品，他们可能会在求职面试中感到更加自信)”进一步说明了使用口红等产品对求职者的好处，与上文关于求职的内容相呼应，符合语境。故选E。 40．由下文“During the global depression of 2007-2009, sales of cosmetics in the United States increased by around 5%. Based on such data, it seems that even in the current insecure economic climate, the luxury cosmetics industry is one that will be sticking around.(在2007-2009年的全球经济大萧条期间，美国化妆品的销售额增长了约5%。根据这些数据，即使在当前不稳定的经济环境下，奢侈品化妆品行业似乎也将继续存在)”可知，本段既回顾了2007-2009年的事情，也提到了现在的经济状况下奢侈品化妆品的情况，故F选项“Whatever the causes of the lipstick effect, this phenomenon is no short-lived trend. (不管造成口红效应的原因是什么，这种现象都不是短暂的趋势)”总结了段落内容，引出下文用数据证明口红效应不是短期趋势，符合语境。故选F。 三、完形填空 （本题15分）It seems inspiration strikes when you least expect it. At least, that’s what 41 to Abhiudai Mishra, an Indian-born student at the University of British Columbia. 42 by a broken bottle, Mishra founded a start-up company called Mosa to 43 glassware and bottles. While cleaning up after an evening party, Mishra was picking up alcohol bottles when he 44 a bottle. The glass bottle was broken on the floor. As he 45 the glass, he wondered, “Where does this go after the bottle is broken?” After researching, Mishra learned that 77% of glass bottles end up in 46 after the glass breaks. Mishra along with another fellow student started 47 how glass could be saved from landfills and upcycled (升级再造). They spent hours looking for ways to cut glass using 48 like a lighter and ice. Once they learned how to 49 and orderly cut and create all sorts of new items from 50 glass, they built a start-up called Rescued Glass YVR. They 51 used glass bottles, and turned them into a variety of items, such as candles and glasses. When they 52 these items to local businesses, they got positive feedback. By the end of 2022, they had already succeeded in 53 more than 6,000 bottles. The business renamed itself Mosa. 54 saving glass from landfills and producing beautiful items, Mosa has inspired others to make a 55 in making a better world. 41．(1分)A．belonged B．mattered C．happened D．occurred 42．(1分)A．Inspired B．Attracted C．Impressed D．Disappointed 43．(1分)A．transport B．produce C．measure D．recycle 44．(1分)A．received B．dropped C．missed D．recognized 45．(1分)A．swept up B．tried out C．concentrated on D．searched for 46．(1分)A．factories B．landfills C．rivers D．farms 47．(1分)A．asking B．explaining C．thinking D．arguing 48．(1分)A．metal B．machines C．furniture D．materials 49．(1分)A．neatly B．carefully C．quickly D．successfully 50．(1分)A．thick B．old C．colorful D．outdated 51．(1分)A．gathered B．designed C．discovered D．replaced 52．(1分)A．lent B．donated C．sold D．recommended 53．(1分)A．creating B．exporting C．burying D．rescuing 54．(1分)A．In spite of B．In return for C．In addition to D．Instead of 55．(1分)A．choice B．decision C．promise D．difference 【答案】 41．C 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．A 46．B 47．C 48．D 49．A 50．B 51．A 52．C 53．D 54．C 55．D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Mishra如何创办环保公司Mosa，回收玻璃瓶并制成新产品的故事。 【详解】41．考查动词词义辨析。句意：至少，这发生在不列颠哥伦比亚大学印度裔学生Abhiudai Mishra的身上。A. belonged属于；B. mattered重要；C. happened发生；D. occurred发生（强调偶然性）。根据前文“It seems inspiration strikes when you least expect it. At least, that’s what”和后文“by a broken bottle, Mishra founded a start-up company called Mosa to ____ glassware and bottles.”可知，灵感似乎在你最意想不到的时候出现了，这种情况发生在Abhiudai Mishra的身上。happen to sb意为“发生在某人身上”，符合语境。故选C。 42．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到一个破碎瓶子的启发，Mishra创立了一家名为Mosa的初创公司，以回收玻璃器皿和瓶子。A. Inspired启发；B. Attracted吸引；C. Impressed使印象深刻；D. Disappointed使失望。根据后文“Mishra founded a start-up company called Mosa”可知，Mishra创立了一家公司，这是因为他受到了启发。故选A。 43．考查动词词义辨析。句意：受到一个破碎瓶子的启发，Mishra创立了一家名为Mosa的初创公司，以回收玻璃器皿和瓶子。A. transport运输；B. produce生产；C. measure测量；D. recycle回收。根据后文“glass could be saved from landfills and upcycled”可知，Mishra的公司是为了回收玻璃器皿和瓶子。故选D。 44．考查动词词义辨析。句意：在晚会后打扫卫生时，Mishra正在捡拾酒瓶，这时他弄掉了一个瓶子。A. received收到；B. dropped掉落；C. missed错过；D. recognized认出。根据后文“The glass bottle was broken on the floor”可知，瓶子掉在地上摔碎了，所以此处表示Mishra弄掉了一个瓶子。故选B。 45．考查动词短语辨析。句意：当他清扫玻璃碎片时，他想知道：“瓶子打碎后，这些玻璃碎片会去哪里？”A. swept up清扫；B. tried out试验；C. concentrated on集中注意力于；D. searched for寻找。根据前文“The glass bottle was broken on the floor”和后文“the glass”可知，此处表示Mishra清扫玻璃碎片。故选A。 46．考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过研究，Mishra了解到，77%的玻璃瓶在打碎后会最终进入垃圾填埋场。A. factories工厂；B. landfills垃圾填埋场；C. rivers河流；D. farms农场。根据后文“how glass could be saved from landfills”可知，此处表示玻璃瓶被打碎后会进入垃圾填埋场。故选B。 47．考查动词词义辨析。句意：Mishra和另一位同学开始思考如何从垃圾填埋场中拯救玻璃并进行升级再造。A. asking询问；B. explaining解释；C. thinking思考；D. arguing争论。根据后文“how glass could be saved from landfills and upcycled”可知，后文是Mishra和另一位同学开始思考的内容。故选C。 48．考查名词词义辨析。句意：他们花了几个小时寻找使用打火机、冰块等材料切割玻璃的方法。A. metal金属；B. machines机器；C. furniture家具；D. materials材料。根据后文“like a lighter and ice”可知，此处表示使用打火机、冰块等材料。故选D。 49．考查副词词义辨析。句意：一旦他们学会了如何用旧玻璃整齐有序地切割和创造各种新物品，他们就建立了一个名为Rescued glass YVR的初创公司。A. neatly整齐地；B. carefully小心地；C. quickly快速地；D. successfully成功地。根据后文“and orderly cut and create all sorts of new items”可知，此处表示有序且整齐地切割。故选A。 50．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一旦他们学会了如何用旧玻璃整齐有序地切割和创造各种新物品，他们就建立了一个名为Rescued glass YVR的初创公司。A. thick厚的；B. old旧的；C. colorful多彩的；D. outdated过时的。根据后文“used glass bottles”可知，此处表示从旧玻璃中创造新物品，是后文“used”的同义词复现。故选B。 51．考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们收集废旧玻璃瓶，并将其转化为各种物品，如蜡烛和玻璃杯。A. gathered收集；B. designed设计；C. discovered发现；D. replaced取代。根据后文“used glass bottles”可知，此处表示收集废旧玻璃瓶。故选A。 52．考查动词词义辨析。句意：当他们把这些物品卖给当地企业时，他们得到了积极的反馈。A. lent借出；B. donated捐赠；C. sold卖；D. recommended推荐。根据后文“these items to local businesses”和“got positive feedback”可知，此处表示把这些物品卖给当地企业并得到了积极的反馈。故选C。 53．考查动词词义辨析。句意：到2022年底，他们已经成功拯救了6000多个瓶子。A. creating创造；B. exporting出口；C. burying埋葬；D. rescuing拯救。根据后文“saving glass from landfills”可知，此处表示，他们拯救了瓶子。故选D。 54．考查介词短语辨析。句意：除了从垃圾填埋场中拯救玻璃并生产精美物品外，Mosa还激励其他人在创造更美好的世界方面起作用。A. In spite of尽管；B. In return for作为回报；C. In addition to除了……之外（还）；D. Instead of而不是。根据后文“saving glass from landfills and producing beautiful items, Mosa has inspired others to make a ____ in making a better world”可知，此处表示除了拯救玻璃和生产精美物品外，Mosa还激励了其他人。故选C。 55．考查名词词义辨析。句意：除了从垃圾填埋场中拯救玻璃并生产精美物品外，Mosa还激励其他人在创造更美好的世界方面起作用。A. choice选择；B. decision决定；C. promise承诺；D. difference不同，影响。根据前文“Mosa has inspired others”和后文“in making a better world”可知，此处表示他们激励其他人在创造更美好的世界方面起作用。make a difference意为“有影响，起作用”，符合语境。故选D。 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For decades, nets 56(1.5分) (use) to help protect beachgoers from sharks in Queensland. But that safety comes at 57(1.5分) cost of marine (海洋的) life. Last year alone, that equipment caught 958 animals, including 798 sharks, 70 percent of 58(1.5分) died. The government has a desire to replace its deadly measures 59(1.5分) camera-equipped drones (无人机) to search for sharks, and Alexandra Headland is one of the locations for a trial program that is already showing success. The drone is capable of flying for 20 minutes in winds 60(1.5分) (record) above 21 miles per hour. When pilots detect a shark, they lower the drone to just below 100 feet 61(1.5分) (identify) the animal’s size and species. The task becomes much 62(1.5分) (difficult) when it is raining or if the water is rough. In addition, if the pilots consider the shark a danger, they can evacuate (疏散) the beach while lifeguards track the animal. During many 63(1.5分) (experiment) in 2020 and 2021, which involved 3,669 drone flights at seven beaches, drone pilots discovered 174 sharks, including 48 that were greater than 6.5 feet in length. Drones, says Leo Guida, a shark scientist with Australian Marine Conservation Society, can 64(1.5分) (entire) save people by dropping life-saving equipment to someone 65(1.5分) (struggle) in the water. 【答案】 56．have been used 57．the 58．which 59．with 60．recorded 61．to identify 62．more difficult 63．experiments 64．entirely 65．struggling 【导语】文章讲述了澳大利亚昆士兰州政府计划用搭载摄像头的无人机替代致命的防鲨网，开展试点项目。 【详解】56．考查时态语态。句意：几十年来，在昆士兰，渔网一直被用来保护海滩游客免受鲨鱼的伤害。空处为谓语动词，根据时间状语For decades可知，此处使用现在完成时，use与句子主语nets之间为被动关系，所以使用现在完成时的被动语态，主语为复数，谓语动词也使用复数形式。 57．考查冠词。句意：但这份安全是以海洋生物为代价换来的。固定搭配at the cost of意为 “以……为代价”，空处需填定冠词the。 58．考查定语从句。句意：仅去年一年，这些防护网就困住了958只海洋动物，其中包括798条鲨鱼，其中70%最终死亡。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词798 sharks，指物，在定语从句中作介词of的宾语，所以使用关系代词which引导。 59．考查介词。句意：当地政府希望用搭载摄像头的无人机取代这种致命的防护方式来搜寻鲨鱼，亚历山德拉黑德兰海滩正是试点项目地点之一，且该项目已初见成效。固定搭配 replace A with B意为“用B取代A”，空处需填介词with。 60．考查非谓语动词。句意：这款无人机在实测风速超过每小时21英里的大风天气下，仍能续航飞行20分钟。此处为非谓语动词作定语，winds与record之间为被动关系，所以使用过去分词形式。故填recorded。 61．考查非谓语动词。句意：操控人员发现鲨鱼时，会将无人机降至100英尺以下，以此辨别鲨鱼的体型与种类。空处为非谓语动词作状语，表示目的，所以使用动词不定式to identify。 62．考查形容词比较级。句意：下雨或海面波涛汹涌时，这项巡查任务就会变得困难得多。副词much修饰形容词比较级，表示“……得多”；difficult的比较级为more difficult。 63．考查名词。句意：在2020至2021年的多项试验中，工作人员在七处海滩完成了3669次无人机飞行巡查，操控人员共发现174条鲨鱼，其中48条体长超过6.5英尺。根据空前many可知，空处需填名词复数形式experiments作宾语。 64．考查副词。句意：澳大利亚海洋保护协会的鲨鱼研究学者利奥・圭达表示，无人机还能通过向在水中挣扎的人投放救生设备，完全保障人们的生命安全。空处需填副词形式作状语，修饰动词save。 65．考查非谓语动词。句意：澳大利亚海洋保护协会的鲨鱼研究学者利奥・圭达表示，无人机还能通过向在水中挣扎的人投放救生设备，完全保障人们的生命安全。空处为非谓语动词作后置定语，someone与struggle之间为主动关系，所以使用现在分词形式struggling。 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假定你是李华，为了迎接六月五日世界环境日（World Environment Day），学校将于下周五举办主题为“保护环境，从我做起”的环保志愿活动，请你给外教Thomas写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括： （1）活动的时间和地点； （2）活动的目的和内容。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Thomas, How is everything going?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】例文 Dear Thomas, How is everything going? I’m writing to invite you to participate in our school’s voluntary activity on the theme of “Protecting the Environment, Start with Me”. To celebrate World Environment Day, which falls on June 5th, the activity will take place on our campus next Friday, starting at 9 a.m. and lasting approximately two hours. We will pick up litter on campus, put up environmental-protection posters and give brief lectures, aiming to raise students’ awareness of environmental protection and promote a low-carbon lifestyle. I would be greatly honored if you could join us. Your participation will make it more inspiring and rewarding. Yours, Li Hua 【导语】本篇书面表达要求考生以李华的身份，邀请外教Thomas参加学校世界环境日主题环保志愿活动，清晰介绍活动时间和地点、活动内容与举办目的。 【详解】1. 词汇积累 参加：participate in→take part in 庆祝：celebrate→observe 张贴：put up→post 提升意识：raise awareness→strengthen consciousness 2. 句式拓展 同义句替换 原句：I would be greatly honored if you could join us. 拓展句：I would be extremely privileged if you are available to join us. 【点睛】【高分句型1】To celebrate World Environment Day, which falls on June 5th, the activity will take place on our campus next Friday, starting at 9 a.m. and lasting approximately two hours.（运用了不定式作目的状语、which引导非限制性定语从句、现在分词作状语） 【高分句型2】We will pick up litter on campus, put up environmental-protection posters and give brief lectures, aiming to raise students’ awareness of environmental protection and promote a low-carbon lifestyle.（运用了现在分词作状语） 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mark’s hometown is a quiet little place in the countryside, with a beautiful river flowing gently through its center. When he was a kid, this river was always crystal-clear —its surface shone like countless small pieces of silver under the warm sun, and groups of colorful small fish swam freely in the shallow, cool waters. It was undoubtedly Mark’s favorite spot in the whole town; every weekend, he’d gather his closest friends, grab their old fishing poles, and sit on the smooth, round stones by the grassy bank, chatting loudly about their daily lives and patiently waiting for fish to bite. Last year, Mark left for another city to go to high school. He missed his peaceful hometown a lot, especially the beloved river that held so many of his childhood memories. During the long summer holiday, he packed his bags in excitement and couldn’t wait to come back home. But when Mark arrived at the river that sunny afternoon, he was completely shocked. The clear, lively river he remembered so well was gone. The water wasn’t transparent and clean anymore, and the once tidy bank was full of dirty trash. He stood there, frozen, staring at the terrible scene, and could hardly believe his own eyes. The happy, laughter-filled memories of fishing with friends suddenly felt so far away, as if they belonged to another world. He slowly walked closer and saw more heartbreaking sights: plastic bottles, worn paper food wrappers, and knotted, dirty fishing lines were everywhere. Some empty bait tins (鱼饵罐) even floated lazily in the water. The river water looked dark and cloudy, losing all its former brightness, and when a light wind blew, it gave off an unpleasant smell that made Mark frown deeply. Mark felt a strong wave of heavy sadness welling up in his heart. He kept thinking about how clean, clear and lively the river used to be in his childhood, and how it had given him so many joyful, unforgettable days with his friends. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 He knew he couldn’t just walk away and let it stay this way. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The river looked much better, but Mark didn’t stop there. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 He knew he couldn’t just walk away and let it stay this way. Mark rolled up his sleeves determinedly. First, he picked up all the visible trash along the bank, filling several large garbage bags. He then used a long stick to fish out the floating items in the water. As he worked, some local kids noticed what he was doing and came over to help. Encouraged by their enthusiasm, Mark explained the importance of keeping the river clean. Together, they made a plan to clean the river regularly. The river looked much better, but Mark didn’t stop there. He decided to raise awareness about environmental protection in the whole town. He organized a community meeting, showing pictures of the river’s past and present. People were shocked and realized their mistakes. With everyone’s support, Mark started a campaign to plant trees along the riverbank and set up signs to remind people not to litter. Slowly but surely, the river began to regain its former beauty, and Mark’s childhood paradise was coming back to life. 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，主要讲述马克的家乡有一条美丽的河流，承载着他童年诸多美好回忆。去年他去外地上高中，暑假回来却发现河流变得脏乱不堪，这让他十分痛心。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“他知道自己不能就这样一走了之，任由它一直如此。”可知，第一段续写应围绕马克先是坚定地挽起袖子清理河岸垃圾，用长棍捞出水中漂浮物，接着一些当地孩子受到感染前来帮忙，他借此向孩子们解释保护河流的重要性，并一起制定定期清理计划。 ②由第二段首句内容“这条河看起来好多了，但马克并没有就此停下脚步”可知，第二段续写要体现马克为了让河流持续变好，在全镇范围内所做的进一步努力，像提高人们环保意识等举措。他组织社区会议，展示河流前后对比图片，让人们意识到错误。在大家支持下，开展沿河岸种树、设立提醒标志等活动，使河流逐渐恢复往日美丽。 2.续写线索：马克决定行动——清理河岸及水中垃圾——孩子加入——共同制定清理计划——河流改善——组织会议提高环保意识——开展系列环保活动——河流恢复美丽。 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①帮助：help /assist ②鼓励：encourage/motivate ③组织：organize /arrange 情绪类 ①吃惊的：shocked /astonished ②热情：enthusiasm /passion 【点睛】【高分句型 1】As he worked, some local kids noticed what he was doing and came over to help.（运用 as 引导时间状语从句，以及 what 引导宾语从句） 【高分句型 2】He organized a community meeting, showing pictures of the river’s past and present.（运用现在分词作状语) 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 高中英语单元测试——Unit 3 Conservation（较易版01）（解析版） 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、听力选择题 1．（本题1.5分）Why does the man intend to buy a new bike? A．To be environment-friendly. B．To save money on fuel costs. C．To stay in fashion. 2．（本题1.5分）What will the speakers do this Saturday? A．Visit a museum. B．Clean the riverbank. C．Plant trees. 3．（本题1.5分）What is the woman’s attitude to the man’s suggestion? A．Supportive. B．Doubtful. C．Unclear. 4．（本题1.5分）What are the speakers mainly talking about? A．Ways to reduce loneliness. B．The increase in loneliness. C．The negative effects of loneliness. 5．（本题1.5分）What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A．Classmates. B．Co-workers. C．Neighbors. （本题3分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 6．(1.5分)What is the main purpose of the campaign? A．To reduce air pollution. B．To propose a new act. C．To educate locals. 7．(1.5分)What will the woman probably do next? A．Build more EV charging stations. B．Gain support from neighborhoods. C．Design a poster for the campaign. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 8．(1.5分)Where are the speakers probably? A．In a studio. B．In a police station. C．In a hospital. 9．(1.5分)What can teenagers do when managing their stress according to the woman? A．Do less homework. B．Manage their time. C．Eat out with families. 10．(1.5分)What does the woman suggest to help teenagers reduce stress? A．Organizing study groups. B．Discussing study with their classmates. C．Spending time with their family and friends. （本题4.5分）听下面一段对话, 回答以下小题。 11．(1.5分)Why have many young people bought gold recently? A．Because they hope to get returns. B．Because they want to invest in fashion. C．Because they can show off. 12．(1.5分)What’s the feature of current gold phone stickers? A．Expensive. B．Fashionable. C．Thick. 13．(1.5分)How does the woman feel about the gold phone stickers? A．Interested. B．Indifferent. C．Concerned. （本题6分）听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。 14．(1.5分)What inspired the woman to start the program? A．A newly published article. B．An interest in bird watching. C．A recent environmental event. 15．(1.5分)How were birds affected by light pollution according to Professor Brent? A．Birds sang earlier and longer. B．Birds were less active and slept more. C．Birds with large bodies were more affected. 16．(1.5分)What activity did the man suggest? A．A bird-photography contest. B．A learning trip to bird island. C．A bird-conservation speech. 17．(1.5分)When is the trip suggested to be? A．In March. B．In April. C．In May. （本题4.5分）听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。 18．(1.5分)What does the word “fishwife” generally mean in English? A．A family role. B．A request to speak louder. C．A woman who speaks loudly. 19．(1.5分)How many plastic bottles have been collected so far according to the speaker? A．More than 13,000. B．More than 80,000. C．More than 110,000. 20．(1.5分)What is the main topic of the talk? A．The arguments between fishermen. B．The yusao’s fight against ocean pollution. C．The history of yusao in China. 二、阅读理解 （本题7.5分）Shared mobility: Making travel easier for all In major cities across Europe and the US, shared bikes and cars seem to be everywhere. Yet for disabled, elderly, low-income individuals, or those without a smartphone or credit card, these services are practically out of reach. Such services tend to gather in wealthy urban areas, leaving users largely young, wealthy, and able-bodied. Shared mobility could be a key part of a more sustainable transportation system. But to be most effective, it needs to include everyone. For-profit shared mobility providers have largely failed to deliver on this, but various initiatives and projects are finding creative solutions to reach under-served communities. ●Buffalo’s E-Bike Library: Organizes training, group rides and educational events to familiarize people with cycling culture and safety, with 71% of members being first-time riders. ●Mobitwin’s car-share service: Prioritizes email- and phone-based bookings over apps to extend reach to a wider share of the population lacking digital literacy, helping them access the service more easily. ● U.S. bike-sharing policy: Provides fare reductions for low-income groups, with cash payment options and non-smartphone access as key measures to broaden adoption, which has shown promise in increasing the use of shared bikes while decreasing the use of personal vehicles. ●Graz’s car-share initiatives: Add wheelchair-accessible vehicles, child seats, and station-based booking to suit diverse users’ trip-chaining needs, such as mid-route pickups and multi-destination trips. The future of shared mobility relies on making inclusive design a top priority. As Esen Köse, project manager at Mpact, puts it, “It’s about starting with people’s needs.” 21．(2.5分)Based on the chart, which barrier is reported most frequently by lower-income users? A．Lack of familiarity with the system. B．High cost of the system. C．Inaccessibility of locations. D．Lack of smartphone access. 22．(2.5分)Which initiative provides vehicles accessible to wheelchair users? A．Buffalo’s E-Bike Library. B．Mobitwin’s car-share service. C．U.S. bike-sharing policy. D．Graz’s car-share initiatives. 23．(2.5分)What will shape the future of shared mobility according to Esen Köse? A．Tech-based priority. B．Charity-run initiatives. C．Profit-driven providers. D．User-centered accessibility. （本题10分）When tennis player Sam Bencheghib recognized the way the oceans in his home country, Indonesia, were polluted, in 2009, he and his older brother, Gary, co-founded Make a Change World, an organization supporting sustainability (可持续性) as well as helping to cut plastic (塑料) pollution. The company shares short videos encouraging eco-friendly actions. Bencheghib has worked on several projects overseas. But he wanted to do something in the United States on his own. In January, Bencheghib came up with the idea to run from Los Angeles to New York, to make people pay attention to plastic pollution and its influence on oceans. Starting on June 8, Bencheghib has kept running 20 miles a day for 140 days. Along the way, he plans to host education speeches at schools, universities and town halls as well as organize street and city cleanups to influence people. Bencheghib said he understands the difficulty of his task but recognizes that taking risks often has advantages. Unsurprisingly, when he told his team and coaches about his plan, he was met with surprise. “We were all really excited but couldn’t believe it,” teammate Christopher Auteri said. “It’s crazy how long it is, but we know if there’s anyone who’s going to do it, it’s going to be Sam.” Since Bencheghib broke the news to the team, there have been no plastic water bottles in the locker room, and teammates join Bencheghib on training runs. Coach Wouter Hendrix said Bencheghib’s work shows his persistence (坚持) and courage, which he believes will serve as invaluable qualities for completing his run. 24．(2.5分)What encouraged Sam to set up his organization? A．The sea pollution in Indonesia. B．The videos he watched. C．A conversation with his brother. D．A match he played. 25．(2.5分)What decision did Sam make to protect the oceans? A．Creating something to replace plastics. B．Meeting local leaders. C．Inviting people to give speeches in schools. D．Running across America. 26．(2.5分)What did Sam’s teammates do after they heard his decision? A．They refused to play tennis with him. B．They joined his organization. C．They showed their support with their actions. D．They gave him some money. 27．(2.5分)Which of the following words can best describe Sam Bencheghib? A．Careful and hard-working. B．Strong-minded and helpful. C．Friendly and honest. D．Impatient and outgoing. （本题10分）For centuries, the soil was considered a silent world. This perception, however, is now being overturned by scientists who are discovering that the ground beneath our feet is, in fact, full of life. The revelation began with an experiment by Marcus Maeder, a sound artist and researcher. When he first pushed a specialized microphone into a mountain grassy field, his headphones erupted with a loud mix of strange sounds — thrumming, chirring, and scraping. This accidental discovery opened the door to the study of living sounds in soil, which uses sensors pushed into the soil to pick up the tiny movements made by underground life. This hidden world is home to immense biodiversity. Ecologist Carolyn-Monika Görres’s research on root-eating beetle larvae (甲虫幼虫), provides a fascinating example. She discovered that the larvae produce distinct, species-specific sounds together, a process called stridulation (摩擦发声). In her lab, she observed that larvae in groups stridulated frequently — over 600 times in a few hours. This unique sound helps scientists identify and monitor these pests, which can cause significant damage to crops. The practical applications are significant. In agriculture, this technology could allow farmers to find the exact location of pest problems, enabling targeted pesticide (农药) use instead of blanket applications, thus protecting soil health. However, this research has also revealed an important but worrying truth. The same sensitive equipment picks up the noise of human activity — distant traffic, construction, and airplanes — deep within the soil. The impact of this noise pollution on underground life is still unknown, but it is unlikely to be positive. More alarmingly, in intensively farmed soils, the natural mix of sounds often falls silent, indicating a loss of biodiversity and degraded land health. Listening to the soil does more than satisfy scientific curiosity. It reveals the complex, vital ecosystem that sustains us and serves as a strong warning that our actions can quiet its essential chorus, urging us to become better caretakers of the land. 28．(2.5分)What does the underlined word “overturned” in the first paragraph mean? A．Ignored. B．Confirmed. C．Explained. D．Challenged. 29．(2.5分)What can we learn about Marcus Maeder’s experiment? A．It aimed to record life in soil. B．It led to an unexpected finding. C．It pioneered the use of sensors. D．It proved previous assumptions. 30．(2.5分)How can the technology benefit soil health? A．By replacing chemical use. B．By preventing pest problems. C．By applying chemicals precisely. D．By strengthening pesticide effect. 31．(2.5分)What does the author intend to convey in the last paragraph? A．Curiosity fuels scientific progress. B．Human actions may silence the soil. C．More research on soil life is needed. D．The soil ecosystem is highly complex. （本题10分）Walk into a standard supermarket and you’ll quickly be presented with a wide range of unhealthy, ultra-processed (超加工的) options which are often too inviting to ignore. In fact, many leading experts say the food environment — such as the way food is produced, marketed and sold — is influencing consumers to make unhealthy choices. The food environment itself is part of the problem, much of which is designed to prioritize profit. Franco Sassi, a researcher at Imperial College, said that while individuals feel as though they can choose what they buy and eat, the evidence paints a distinct picture. What makes this particularly troubling is that ultra-processed foods (UPFs) are adjusted by producers to make them as appealing as possible. This is despite the increasing understanding of the link between UPFs and negative health outcomes. Stating this clearly on food labels can drive behavioral change. In 2016, Chile introduced black warning labels for food high in sugar, salt or calories, leading to a 23.8% drop in purchases of high-calorie products. Likewise, many European countries adopt the “Nutri-score”, a front-of-pack labeling system originating in France. It uses colored letters ranging from the healthiest dark green A to the least healthy red E, designed to help consumers make better-informed food choices. The Nutri-score came about after several large-scale studies by nutrition scientist Touvier and colleagues showing associations between nutritional quality and negative health outcomes, including cancer. This sparked widespread media debate, she says, leading to public perception that people “were being poisoned” by the food industry, which in turn increased pressure on food companies to make changes. In response, some producers decreased the percentage of sugar in their products and shifted from refined grains to whole-grain flours. Supermarkets also promoted healthier products, which increased sales of “Nutri-score A” products and decreased sales of “E” products, says Touvier. Consequently, Nutri-score labelling has been shown to change consumer behavior too. 32．(2.5分)What does Franco Sassi imply? A．Food markets ignore economic benefits. B．Consumers lack freedom in food selection. C．Shoppers have some knowledge of food risks. D．Scientific evidence contradicts experts’ views. 33．(2.5分)What are UPFs specially made to do? A．Lower market costs. B．Reduce health risks. C．Boost nutritional benefits. D．Draw more customers. 34．(2.5分)What can be known about the measures mentioned in paragraph 4? A．They cease the sale of unhealthy foods. B．They adopt the same grading standards. C．They force people to buy nutritious foods. D．They use eye-catching marks to warn people. 35．(2.5分)What does the last paragraph show about the Nutri-score? A．Its chain effect. B．Its future trend. C．Its design purpose. D．Its wide popularity. （本题12.5分）The Lipstick Effect In 2020, the world fell into an economic downturn as the COVID-19 pandemic caused widespread closures to businesses. 36(2.5分) During such times of economic hardship, one may naturally expect that consumer markets will see a decline in expenditure (支出), as people everywhere feel restricted to making only “essential” purchases. However, a curious phenomenon known as the “lipstick effect” can often be observed. The lipstick effect refers to the phenomenon of consumers spending on small luxury goods even when an economic depression occurs. 37(2.5分) However, many still find the cash for purchases of small luxury items, such as lipstick. This phenomenon was termed the “lipstick effect” in 2001 by Leonard Lauder, chairman of luxury cosmetic company Estée Lauder. He had not only witnessed the phenomenon at work but also realized that it was especially evident in the case of lipstick and other cosmetic products. 38(2.5分) First and perhaps most obviously, consumers may simply wish to give themselves treats now and again to provide distractions from their financial insecurity. Another theory has to do with labour markets. Specifically, during the economic depression, job seeking tends to become more competitive. Thus, people seeking employment may perceive a need to spend money on certain products to improve their physical appearance. 39(2.5分) 40(2.5分) During the global depression of 2007-2009, sales of cosmetics in the United States increased by around 5%. Based on such data, it seems that even in the current insecure economic climate, the luxury cosmetics industry is one that will be sticking around. A．What does lipstick tell us about the economy? B．They do not have enough to spend on big-ticket luxury items. C．The lipstick effect is a behavior that reflects economic conditions and emotional states. D．So, how exactly do consumers who are short of cash justify making such purchases? E．By using products such as lipstick, they may feel more confident during job interviews. F．Whatever the causes of the lipstick effect, this phenomenon is no short-lived trend. G．Under these circumstances, millions of people suddenly found themselves facing financial insecurity. 三、完形填空 （本题15分）It seems inspiration strikes when you least expect it. At least, that’s what 41 to Abhiudai Mishra, an Indian-born student at the University of British Columbia. 42 by a broken bottle, Mishra founded a start-up company called Mosa to 43 glassware and bottles. While cleaning up after an evening party, Mishra was picking up alcohol bottles when he 44 a bottle. The glass bottle was broken on the floor. As he 45 the glass, he wondered, “Where does this go after the bottle is broken?” After researching, Mishra learned that 77% of glass bottles end up in 46 after the glass breaks. Mishra along with another fellow student started 47 how glass could be saved from landfills and upcycled (升级再造). They spent hours looking for ways to cut glass using 48 like a lighter and ice. Once they learned how to 49 and orderly cut and create all sorts of new items from 50 glass, they built a start-up called Rescued Glass YVR. They 51 used glass bottles, and turned them into a variety of items, such as candles and glasses. When they 52 these items to local businesses, they got positive feedback. By the end of 2022, they had already succeeded in 53 more than 6,000 bottles. The business renamed itself Mosa. 54 saving glass from landfills and producing beautiful items, Mosa has inspired others to make a 55 in making a better world. 41．(1分)A．belonged B．mattered C．happened D．occurred 42．(1分)A．Inspired B．Attracted C．Impressed D．Disappointed 43．(1分)A．transport B．produce C．measure D．recycle 44．(1分)A．received B．dropped C．missed D．recognized 45．(1分)A．swept up B．tried out C．concentrated on D．searched for 46．(1分)A．factories B．landfills C．rivers D．farms 47．(1分)A．asking B．explaining C．thinking D．arguing 48．(1分)A．metal B．machines C．furniture D．materials 49．(1分)A．neatly B．carefully C．quickly D．successfully 50．(1分)A．thick B．old C．colorful D．outdated 51．(1分)A．gathered B．designed C．discovered D．replaced 52．(1分)A．lent B．donated C．sold D．recommended 53．(1分)A．creating B．exporting C．burying D．rescuing 54．(1分)A．In spite of B．In return for C．In addition to D．Instead of 55．(1分)A．choice B．decision C．promise D．difference 四、语法填空 （本题15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 For decades, nets 56(1.5分) (use) to help protect beachgoers from sharks in Queensland. But that safety comes at 57(1.5分) cost of marine (海洋的) life. Last year alone, that equipment caught 958 animals, including 798 sharks, 70 percent of 58(1.5分) died. The government has a desire to replace its deadly measures 59(1.5分) camera-equipped drones (无人机) to search for sharks, and Alexandra Headland is one of the locations for a trial program that is already showing success. The drone is capable of flying for 20 minutes in winds 60(1.5分) (record) above 21 miles per hour. When pilots detect a shark, they lower the drone to just below 100 feet 61(1.5分) (identify) the animal’s size and species. The task becomes much 62(1.5分) (difficult) when it is raining or if the water is rough. In addition, if the pilots consider the shark a danger, they can evacuate (疏散) the beach while lifeguards track the animal. During many 63(1.5分) (experiment) in 2020 and 2021, which involved 3,669 drone flights at seven beaches, drone pilots discovered 174 sharks, including 48 that were greater than 6.5 feet in length. Drones, says Leo Guida, a shark scientist with Australian Marine Conservation Society, can 64(1.5分) (entire) save people by dropping life-saving equipment to someone 65(1.5分) (struggle) in the water. 五、书信写作 66．（本题15分）假定你是李华，为了迎接六月五日世界环境日（World Environment Day），学校将于下周五举办主题为“保护环境，从我做起”的环保志愿活动，请你给外教Thomas写一封邮件，邀请他参加。内容包括： （1）活动的时间和地点； （2）活动的目的和内容。 注意：（1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Thomas, How is everything going?___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 六、书面表达 67．（本题25分）阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 Mark’s hometown is a quiet little place in the countryside, with a beautiful river flowing gently through its center. When he was a kid, this river was always crystal-clear —its surface shone like countless small pieces of silver under the warm sun, and groups of colorful small fish swam freely in the shallow, cool waters. It was undoubtedly Mark’s favorite spot in the whole town; every weekend, he’d gather his closest friends, grab their old fishing poles, and sit on the smooth, round stones by the grassy bank, chatting loudly about their daily lives and patiently waiting for fish to bite. Last year, Mark left for another city to go to high school. He missed his peaceful hometown a lot, especially the beloved river that held so many of his childhood memories. During the long summer holiday, he packed his bags in excitement and couldn’t wait to come back home. But when Mark arrived at the river that sunny afternoon, he was completely shocked. The clear, lively river he remembered so well was gone. The water wasn’t transparent and clean anymore, and the once tidy bank was full of dirty trash. He stood there, frozen, staring at the terrible scene, and could hardly believe his own eyes. The happy, laughter-filled memories of fishing with friends suddenly felt so far away, as if they belonged to another world. He slowly walked closer and saw more heartbreaking sights: plastic bottles, worn paper food wrappers, and knotted, dirty fishing lines were everywhere. Some empty bait tins (鱼饵罐) even floated lazily in the water. The river water looked dark and cloudy, losing all its former brightness, and when a light wind blew, it gave off an unpleasant smell that made Mark frown deeply. Mark felt a strong wave of heavy sadness welling up in his heart. He kept thinking about how clean, clear and lively the river used to be in his childhood, and how it had given him so many joyful, unforgettable days with his friends. 注意：1. 续写词数应为150个左右; 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 He knew he couldn’t just walk away and let it stay this way. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The river looked much better, but Mark didn’t stop there. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $