Welcome unit Discovering Useful Structures句子成分课件 2026-2027学年高中英语人教版必修第一册

句子成分 Members of Sentences 句子成分 1 Members of sentences 句子成分 I'm the head of the family, so people call me “the subject”. 主语 我是一家之主，我做主语。 主语 The car runs fast. She is kind. Eight is a lucky number in China. Swimming is my favorite. To see is to believe. What we need is time. It is necessary to master a foreign language. 名词 动名词 动词不定式 代词 数词 主语从句 it :形式主语 Find out the subjects in the following sentences and think about their functions. 主语：句子叙述的主体，动作的发出者。 4 Members of sentences 句子成分 Without me, without home. I'm the most important one. 谓语动词 没有我就没有家，我是最重要的谓语动词。 谓语动词 简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成 I saw the flag. He looked after me. 复合谓语 由情态动词或助动词+动词; He can speak English well. She hasn’t received the e-mail yet. saw looked after can speak hasn’t received （二）谓语：主语之后。由动词担任 谓语：说明主语的动作或状态，一般由动词或动词短语充当。 I have a best friend. Her name is Jenny. We look after each other. But she doesn’t like talking too much. She can keep quiet for a whole day. 单个实义动词 系动词 动词短语 助动词+动词原型 情态动词+动词原型 ———— ———————— ——— ———————— ———————— Object 宾语 Let's call it ”object”. What's his name? I'm the object. I always follow my mom. 宾语 我叫宾语。我是妈妈生的，所以老跟在妈妈后面。 宾语 I love you. Look at me. 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语. He gave me some books. ↓ 间接 宾语 ↓ 直接 宾语 （三）宾语：放在动词、介词之后，是动作的承受者 1.They saw an exhibition yesterday. 2. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five. 3. She wants to join the club. 4. I enjoyed listening to popular music. 5. I think he is fit for his office. 6. People find it important to get a good education. 7. He told us a story. Underline the objects. 名词 数词 动词不定式 动名词 宾语从句 形式宾语 间接宾语 直接宾语 宾语：动作的对象、承受者。 11 Members of sentences 句子成分 My mom asks my grandma to take care of me. So we call her “Objective complement”. 宾语补足语 妈妈忙不过来了，所以就请了位奶奶专门照看我，给家里补充个帮手,奶奶就叫宾补。 宾补 She asked the baby to stop crying. 谓语 宾语 宾语补足语 宾补：补充说明宾语的动作或状态。 His father named him Terry. They painted their boat white. Let the fresh air in. We saw him entering the room. We found everything in good order. I will have my hair cut tomorrow morning. Think about the usage of the underlined words. 宾补：补充说明宾语的动作或状态。 名词 形容词 副词 现在分词 介词短语 过去分词 14 Members of sentences 句子成分 My dad should listen to grandpa. So we call him “Predicative”. 表语 在家里爸爸是主语，但是有的时候还是要听爷爷的。 表语 *linking-verb I am happy. The day turns long. He gets angry. He seems ill. It remains a mystery. ... -- 后跟表语，构成系表结构，表示主语的状态、身份、特征等 常见的系动词： 1.be 动词：am, is, are 2.状态类系动词：stay, keep, remain等 3.感官系动词：feel, smell, taste, sound等 4. 变化类系动词：get, become, grow, go, turn等 5. “看起来，似乎”系动词：seem, look, appear 16 常见系动词口诀 am is are look feel smell taste sound seem appear become turn get grow go keep stay remain 口诀也可更换为：[五感五变三保持两个似乎一个be.】 大家自行选择哦。 在系动词后的部分就是表语 （五）表语：放在系动词之后 She is a doctor. The cloth feels soft. His favorite sport is running. Your task is to find out the cost. The helper is him. The lucky number in China is eight. She is in the room. 名词 形容词 动名词 代词 不定式 数词 介词短语 Think about what kind of words the underlined words follow and their functions. 表语：用在系动词后，表示主语的状态，性质，特征等。 19 My father bought a nice red car. 主语 谓语 宾语 定语 （六）定语：修饰或限制名词或代词 前置定语：形容词、数词。 后置定语：词组、句子 The girl in red is his sister. Do you know the man who shopped just now? she is a nice sister. 声音关闭方法：点开动画窗格-右键鼠标-效果选项-声音-无声音【必须找到正确的动画哦】 比如车开过去发出来的声音，那就是在直线路径这个动画去除音效。 Think about the functions of the underlined words. Guilin is a beautiful city. China is a developing country; America is a developed country. There are thirty women teachers in our school. His progress in English made us surprised. Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom. He is reading an article that was written by his father. 形容词 现在分词 名词 不定式 数词 介词短语 过去分词 定从 定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的成分。 22 七、状语（Adverbial） 概念：状语是说明动作或状态特征的成分。 状语的功用：状语说明地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、方向、程度、方式和伴随状况等。 请划出下列句子的状语并判断其类型 I will be back in two days. ( ) They are playing on the playground. ( ) He was late because he got up late. ( ) He got up so late that I missed the train. ( ) 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 结果状语 The old man walked slowly. The sea was extraordinarily calm that morning. You did it quite well. Surprisingly, she passed the driving test. Think about what part of the sentence the underlined words are used to modify? 状语：1. 修饰动词，形容词，副词或整个句子。 修饰动词 修饰形容词 修饰副词 修饰一整个句子 24 八、同位语（Apposition） 概念：同位语，解释或补充说明前面名词/代词的情况；是对前面名/代词内容的具体化展现。 同位语，顾名思义，和前面名词/代词在语法上处于相同的地位/层级。 I am your English teacher， Ms. Liu. 我是你们英语老师刘老师。 （名词“刘老师”作“同位语”，用来补充“名词词组”“你们英语老师”的名字） Let's sum up 总结八大句子成分 主语 谓语 宾补 宾语 表语 定语 状语 同位语 8大句子成分 基本句子主干 主语 谓语 宾语 表语 定语 状语 宾补 同位语 核心成分 修饰成分 修饰名词或代词 修饰动词/形容词/副词/句子 对宾语进行补充说明 一个名词对另一个名词解释说明 I saw a lovely boy reading an interesting book very carefully. I saw a boy reading a book. I saw a lovely boy reading an interesting book . 拓展：增加定语状语 名词前加 形容词 句末/句首加副词 I saw a lovely boy in blue glasses reading an interesting storybook very carefully on the soft carpet. 加介词短语 29 原句：She is dancing. She is dancing now. She is dancing with her partners now. She is dancing with her professional partners now. She is dancing with her professional partners on the stage now. She is dancing with her professional partners on the stage which has been decorated beautifully now. 拓展：增加定语状语 （加时间状语） （加伴随状语） （加定语） （加地点状语） （加定语从句） She is dancing. → She is dancing with her professional partners on the stage which has been decorated beautifully now. 感受一下 Make the sentence longer Jack met a girl. 1. Jack met a girl. 2. Jack accidentally met a beautiful girl. 3. Jack accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week. + adj./adv.(偶然地/漂亮的) +时间/地点状语. 加形容词、副词，介词短语，状语 初阶难度 （女孩在这家店工作） 4. Jack accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week when he was trying to buy a shirt in a clothes shop.（当他正在一家服装店买衬衫时） 5. Jack accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week when he was trying to buy a shirt in a clothes shop, where the girl works. 6. Jack, the son of Mr. Smith, accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week when he was trying to buy a shirt in a clothes shop, where the girl works. 加从句，同位语 中阶难度 （史密斯先生的儿子） 7. Jack, the son of Mr. Smith, who owns a big business company in the USA, accidentally met a beautiful girl in New York last week when he was trying to buy a shirt in a clothes shop, where the girl works, and he soon fell in love with her, wishing to marry her. (然后，他很快喜欢上了她，希望能够跟她结婚) 加并列句，非谓语 高阶难度 $