【教材笔记】6.2 Reading and Writing-Living History of Culture《英语 基础模块3》（高教版第三版）

UNIT 108 Reading and Writing 9 Read and learn. 读以下描写名胜古迹的句子，分析标红部分的意义。 使，.，记起 长城让我想起了中国的古代历史。 1)The Great Wall reminds me of China's ancient history. adv.定期地 2) We regilarlyvisit the Summer Palace in spring..我们春天经常去颐和园。 3) They constructed the Eiffel Tower in1889.他们于1889年建造了埃菲尔铁塔。 4) adv.最初 The Forbidden City was onginally built in the Ming Dynasty..故宫最初建于明朝。 5) The pyramids are amazing constructions in Egypt.金字塔是埃及令人惊叹的建筑。 令人惊叹的建筑 ▣ 10 Read and choose. 阅读课文，并为其选择合适的标题， TIPS that引导的定语从句， destination 因被序数 prep.像 词st修饰，关系代词明a 和大多数游客 样 我 Like most tourists,the first destination that .visited in 寻找支撑标题的信 去西安参观的第 踏入 息， 理解文章是如何围 就是兵马俑。 我 Xi'an was the Terracotta Army.When I stepped into the 绕标题展开的 进这14.000平方 米的 本句中主语过长，所以用 “it作形瓷主语 物馆时 到了 museum of 14,000 square meters it was amazing to 皇庞大的地 地下的 王国 王国 令人惊叹。 秦始 see the huge underground kingdom of the first emperor, 皇在 他仅有13岁的时候 就开始建造他最后的安 Qinshihuang.He began to build his final resting place at the time when he 息之地。 hen引导的定语从句 was only 13 years old. 在从句中作时间状语 In the main areas,there are over 8,000 terracotta figures and horses.The 在主坑里 有超过8,000 与真人一样大小的 adv.准确地；完全地 个兵马俑。 兵马俑 figures are all life-sized and set in regular rows.Amazingly,no two are exactly 俑都是真 大小， 排列 w表示“带有具有” 整齐。 惊牙的是 the same. Each face is different with different expressions.These figures 甬是完全相 事实上 adv.最初 每 脸都有着不】 同 appear gray in color.In fact,they were originally beautifully painted in very n.必看的事物 的表 情 这些兵马俑呈灰 bright colors,just like real people.Today the Terracotta Army is a must-see for 但起初它们也是被粉 饰得非常鲜亮，就像真 every visitor to Xi'an and has been listed as“The Eighth Wonder of the World'.世界第八大 如今， 兵马俑 被列为.· 奇迹 是每个游 去西安必看 n.景象 使..记起 的景 被列为 The sight of the Terracotta Army reminded me of my trip to Egypt,where 界第八大奇迹 visited the Great Pyramid of Giza.There are over 70 pyramids in Egypt 看到兵马俑，、我不禁想起自只的埃及之行，在那里我参观了吉萨大金字塔。在埃及 沿尼罗河河谷而下有70多座金字塔。，吉萨大金字塔就坐落于撒哈拉沙漠边缘， 是在 元前2600年至公元前2500年间为埃及国王胡夫建造的。这座金字塔高达481英尺（约 147米) ,由200多万块石头建造而成。它在将近4,000年的时间里一直是地球上最高的 人造建 每年有数以百方计的人被人类丰富而辉煌的历史所吸引，前去参观这 类建筑奇迹。.…… Living History of Culture 109 本句为完全倒装句，主语是“The Great Pyramid of Giza'”,将 由介词短语充当地点状语的”on山eedge of the Sahara Desert 前置到句首，形成倒装，强调地点状落。 现在分词短语作后置定语，意为“延伸” eow theNiValley.导是螺默句 Desert lies the Great Pyramid of Giza,which was constructed for 公元前 Egyptian king Khufu between 2600 BC and 2500 BC.The Great 上开至 Pyramid rises to 481 feet (147 meters)high and is made of over two million blocks of stone.It was the tallest man-made construction on earth for almost 4,000 years.Each year, millions of people go to see this fantastic wonder of human construction,attracted by humans'rich and brilliant past “attracted”是过去分词，意为“吸"， “attracted by”在句中作状语，表示原因。 A.The Great Pyramid of Giza ☐B.The Terracotta Army History of the Qin Dynasty D.Amazing Wonders of Living History 11 Read and decide. 细读课文，判断下面表述是否正确，并加以解释。 LE1)Qinshihuang began to prepare for his underground 秦始皇在三十多岁时就开始为他的地下王国做准备。 kingdom when he was in his thirties. 任何推理判断都要基 2)People during the Qin Dynasty liked to dress in gray. 秦朝时的公李灰色衣服。 3)The writer thought the Terracotta Army and the 前，要从文中或其他渠 Great Pyramid were the same age. 作音认为兵马俑和大金字婆时飛帝 手后 T4)Both the Terracotta Army and the Great Pyramid of Giza were wonders of human construction. 兵马俑和吉萨大金字塔都是人类建造的 奇迹。 12 Discuss and answer. 小组讨论，回答问题。 1)What is fantastic about the Terracotta Army? 2)What are the differences between Emperor Qinshihuang's and the Egyptian kings'resting places? 3)What can we learn from these wonders? Cultural heritage is precious and fragile.We have the duty to pass down our splendid civilization Where is it? How to describe the Taj Mahal Who built it? When was it built? Why was it built? How was it built? UNIT What do people of it??… 110 13 Read and describe. 根据提示，完成对图片的描述。 brilliant construction The Taj Mahal is one of the lan鹅掭 泰姬陵是印度的 地标之 of India.Each year,millions of 数以百万计的 people visit this wonder of human 举建筑奇迹， 类丰富而辉煌 construction,attracted by humans' 的历史所吸引。 rich and brilliant past. rise to lie be made of 2 The Taj Mahal lies beside the 泰姬陵位于朱姆纳 河畔。它高约73米 River Jumna.It rises to_ about 239英尺)，由白 色大理石制成。 73 meters (239 feet)high and is made of white marble(大理石). construct fantastic be listed as The Taj Mahal,which has a_fantastic_ look,was constructed for the Indian Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan's wife and is listed as one of the New Seven Wonders of the World. 泰姬陵具有极佳的建筑外观 是为印度莫卧儿皇帝沙贾汗的 子建造的，并被列为世界新 大奇迹之 14 Write and practice. 根据活动13的描述，完成游记。 到访地点 Last summer holiday,my family and I visited India.Like most tourists,the first place that we visited there 1)was the Taj Mahal ,which lies beside位置 开篇：总起（到访地点+位置） The first place that I/we visited there ...was... 主体：细节（建筑特征，包括高度、材质、外观） The building rises...and is mad It was constructed for...the builder and reason 结尾：地位+个人感受（情感升华） It is listed as... Living History of Culture Each year,millions of people go to... the River Jumna.Looking at that amazing building,we were attracted by its2）fantastic beauty. 感受 to about 73 meters(239 feet)high 建筑特征 The building rises 3) and is made of white marble. 建设原因 It was constructed 4)for the Indian Mughal Emperor Shah Johan's wife Nowadays,it is listed as )of the New Seven Wonde year,millions of people go to see this of the World wonder of human construction,attracted by 6)humans'rich and brilliant past 欢迎度 Language Practice 引导定语从句的关系副词有hen、wher e、hy, 在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。 1.关系副词hen代替的先行词指时间在定语从句中作时间状语，可用“介词十hich”代替。 2关系副词h©re代替的先行词指地点在定语从句中作地点状语：，可用“介词十hlch”代替。 3.关系副词hy代替的先行词指原因主要修饰名词reason,.在定语从句中作原因状语，可用“千or十hich”代替 Grammar He began to build his final resting place at the time when 定语从句 he was only 13 years old. It's the place where I've always wanted to go. The sight of the Terracotta Army reminded me of my trip to Egypt,where I visited the Great Pyramid of Giza. 充当从句的 关系副词 指代的先行词 成分 Maybe that is the reason why it is listed as the wonder of nature. 注意：表示时间、地点和原因的先行注意词在定语从句中作主语 when 表时间的名词/名词词组 时间状语 或宾语时，要用关系代词代替，而不能用关系副词代替。 I visited the town which/that lively now. where 表地点的名词/名词词组 地点状语 我曾造访过的那个小镇现在很有活力。 (先行词tow在定语从句中作主语，所以关系词应使用代词 why 表原因的名词 原因状语 which或that,不能用关系副词where) 15 Read and underline. 标出与语法框中斜体部分相同的句子结构。 why引导的定语从句 1)I don't know the reason why he didn't come to the meeting yesterday. 2)Could you tell me where they are?where引导的宾语从句 3)I was reading when the boy came into my room.when引导的时间状语从句 UNIT 112 A)He will never forget the day when his father went to New York.when引导的定语从句 5)I grew up in the small village where I was born.where引导的定语从句 6)Idon't know why he didn't come.why引导的宾语从句 ①6 Read and match. 根据句意将左右两栏相匹配，组成完整的句子。 1)Protecting the nation was the reason A.when families get together (B) for celebration. 2)It was located in Qufu (C) B.why the Great Wall was built. 3)This is the time (A) c.where Confucius(孔子) 4)This is the office D) was born. 5)I won't forget the day (F) D.where he used to work. E.why he was so angry. 6)He didn't tell me the reason (E) F.when I first stepped into this vocational school. 7 Discuss and complete. 小组讨论，根据自己的假日计划，用where、when、why完成句子。 1)We like to travel to places 2)We prefer to go to the wonders 3)The brilliant scenery might be the first reason 4)Winter is the best season e。........e Living History of Culture 113 Vocabulary 18 Discuss and decide. 与同伴讨论、根据画线词的意思，判断下列陈述是否正确。 F1)If something is very attractive,it cannot be interesting to you. ,如果新闻真的很令人惊讶，当你听到时你会非常平静。 F2)If the news is really amazing,you'll be very caim when you near it. T3)fyou think smni veryd9果您常得琴件惠非幕怒t您可以说它很精彩。 T4)I live a regular life.I get up,go to work and return home at the same 我过着规律的生活。 time.Every day is the same to me. 我无法理解她，所以我确切地知道她的感受。 F5)I can't understand her,so I know exactly now she teels. T6)They originally planned to fix their old car,but they decided to buy a 他们原本计划修理他们的旧车，但最终决定买一辆新车 new one instead. T7)If it stretches out far,it covers a large area. 如果它延伸得很远，就会覆盖一大片区域。 19 Read and complete. 用所给词的适当形式补全句子。 正在建设中的这座桥将成为该地区最长的。 1)The bridge under constructionwill be the longest in this area. 2) Amazingly 7,he got a full mark in the exam again.拿人惊讶的是， 他再次在考试中得 我们应该每天规律吃饭。 了满分。 amazing 3) We should have regular meals every day. 4) The sight of the old school bag reminded me of my life in regular middle school.看到旧书包让我想起了我在中学的生活。 exact 5) The building looks fantastic,especially at night with all the 这栋建筑看起来很棒，尤其是在晚上所有灯都亮着的时候。 lights on. construct 6) I have exactly the same idea as you.我和你想法完全一样。 7) What is the exact size of the room?房间的精确尺于是多少？i remind 8) Can you remind me what|should do next?你能提醒我接下来该做什么吗？ especially 9)If you study English regularly_each day for six months,your English will improve.如果你每天定期学习英语六个月，你的英语会提高。 10)The performance yesterday was a(n)amazing success. 昨天的表演是一次令人惊叹的感功。一一一一一一 UNIT 114 20 Read and complete. 阅读下文，完成对福建士土楼的描述。 1Constructed hundreds of years ago,Fujian Tulou is a brilliant example 福建土楼建于数百年前， 中国建筑的杰出典范。这些 of Chinese architecture ()These buildings were 2)originally 建筑最初用于防御和集体居 住。其圆形而均衡的造型使 built for defense (and living together.With their round and 每座土楼都拥有独特的布扃 adj.均衡的 与设计。，坚固的墙体向上延 balanced shapes,each Tulou has a 3)unique layout (and 伸，高达数层。 层 design.Its strong walls 4)stretch up several stories high. adj.舒适宜人的 庭院 步入其中，你会看到一个温馨 Stepping inside,you'll find an inviting community.The inner courtyards 宜人的社区。内部庭院生机勃 祖先 勃，传统生活方式让我们感受 are alive,and the traditional lifestyle 5)reminds us of our ancestors' 到祖先的非凡智慧。福建土楼 智慧 为建筑爱好者提供了一次难忘 wisdom.Fujian Tulou offers an unforgettable experience,6)especially 的体验。 for architecture lovers. 建筑 Living History of Culture 115 欢洲 不同国家的饮食习惯有很大的 Culture Understanding 北欧人喜欢丰盛的菜肴： 比如县 至车 餐都要有肉、奶酪、鸡蛋、 香肠 和面包：而更多的南欧人早上会选择小 不同的国家，不同的饮食文化 甜点。意大利和西班牙等国家的人经常 跳过第一顿饭，选择晚些再吃东西。 Different Countries,Different Food Cultures Every nation has a different culture,so do its eating habits.Come and join us on a culinary(烹饪的)trip around the world and let's have a look! 每个国家文化不同，其饮食习惯也会有所差异。加入我们的世界美食烹饪之旅，一起来看看吧！ Europe Group Task Here in Europe,there are great differences in the Work in groups,collect information about food and eating habits around eating habits among different countries.While 倾问于；往往会」 手盛的 the world and explore the cultures northern Europeans tend to prefer hearty dishes, behind.Then make a webpage,or a 香肠 such as meats,cheeses,eggs,sausages and bread, video to share within class. even for breakfast,the more southern citizens would 点心 choose a small sweet pastry in the morning.People in countries like Italy and V.跳过 Spain often s the first meal end eat at a later time. North America 炸薯条 In North America,it is quite common to see people eating a burger,.frieso在北美， 人们吃汉 苏荆打水 和汽水来 and a soda for a quick meal.Breakfast is usually simple,with bread,milk or 顿快餐是很常见的 juice,eggs,and coffee.Lunch is often a sandwich or fast food.Dinner is the 早餐通常很简单 包含 和..一起 包括面包、生奶或 main meal,typically including meat like steak or chicken,along with bread, 鸡蛋和咖啡。 常常是一份三明 vegetables,fruits,and dessert. 或快餐。晚餐员 中最重要的一 常包括像牛排或鸡肉 Asia 这样的肉类， 搭配面 、 蔬菜、 水果和甜 Because rice issuch an mporant part of the Asi解器香装se,you被W作.t 盒。 被看作是. in almost every meal.The Asian kitchen is often well-seasoned and is considered 由于 的数量 one of the healthiest kitchens in the world,due to the amount of fish and vegetables they use. 因为大米在亚洲饮食文化中占有重要地位，你 几乎在每二餐都会看到大米 。亚洲菜肴通常味 并且由宇使用大量的鱼类和蔬菜，被 认为是世界上最健康的饮食之一。 0丰盛的®点心日略过0炸薯条6苏打水 UNIT 116 Group Work Make a short video to introduce traditional Chinese culture. 1 Work in groups.Read the following materials and fill in the table.小组活动。阅读下列材料并填写表格。 Situation Embroidery(刺绣)□ 你在美国作交换生，第一节课 的任务是制作一个短视频介绍 Embroidery(刺绣)in China 中国传统文化。 dates back to the Shang Dynasty. From the elegant Dragon Robes (龙袍)of emperors to modern fashion,the Chinese embroidery brings beauty to life.Chinese embroidery is a treasured art with four main styles:Su Xiu,Xiang Xiu,Yue Xiu and Shu Xiu.The word "Xiu"means both embroidery and beauty. Peking Opera Peking Opera is a cultural treasure of China.It originated in 1790 when the "Four Great Anhui Troupes”brought Huiju(数l)to Beijing for Emperor Qianlong's birthday.The opera was first performed for the court()and later opened to the public.Today,performers use four main skills:singing ()speaking ()dance-acting (做)and combating(打).The four main roles are Sheng(生)，Dan(旦)，Jing(净)and Chou(丑). Peking Opera now helps introduce traditional Chinese culture to the world. Lion Dance and Dragon Dance The lion dance and the dragon dance are two of the most popular folk dances in China Both have a history that goes back to the Han Dynasty.The dances are often performed during festivals.People believe they can drive bad luck away and bring good fortune.Over the years, both dances have developed into a northern style and a southern style. Living History of Culture 117 Form of art History Styles/Roles Embroidery It dates back to the Shang Su Xiu,Shu Xiu,Xiang Xiu, Dynasty. and Yue Xiu Peking Opera "Four Great Anhui Troupes brought Huiju in 1790 to Sheng,Dan,Jing and Beijing. Chou Lion Dance and They originated in China northern style and Dragon Dance during the Han Dynasty. southern style ②Work in groups.Discuss and complete the following table.小组活动。讨论并完成以下 信息填写。 Form of art: Embroidery It dates back to the Shang Dynasty. History: Styles Roles: Su Xiu,Shu Xiu,Xiang Xiu,and Yue Xiu Meaning and significance:Chinese embroidery is a treasured art.It brings beauty to life. 3 Work in groups.Complete the following text and create a short video,then share it in class..小组活动。完成下列文本并制作短视频，在班内分享。 Hello,my dear classmates.Today I'd like to introduce a traditional Chinese art form to you. It is It has a long history,which first appeared in With time passing by,there are roles types in total.They are What's more,it stands for In my opinion it is of China.If you want to learn more about it, you are welcome to discuss with me. Self-Assessment 完成以下练习，根据所给标准评价你对本单元学习内容的掌握程度。 ① Read and translate..翻译以下词语。 1)remind 提醒；使想起 2）originally 最初；本来 3)stretch延伸：绵延 4)especially 尤其；特别 5)construction建设；建筑物 6)amazingly 令人惊叹地 7)丝绸之路the Sil逊Road 8)建造(.) construct 9)极好的 fantastic 10)有规律的 regular 11)古代的 ancient 12)精确地(adw.)exactly Excellent:11 or 12 © Good:8-10☐ Need to review:≤7 2 Read and complete.用方框中所给单词的适当形式补全旅行宣传页。 amazing stretch when locate wonder ancient brilliant where construct attract 与我们的旅行社一起探索长城 Discover the Great Wall with Our Travel Agency The Great Wall is ready to amaze you!Let our travel agency take you on an 1)amazing journey to explore this historic 2)wonder 长城准备好让你惊叹了II让我们的旅行社带你踏上一段令人惊叹的旅程，探索这个历 史性的奇迹。 The best time to visit the Great Wall is during spring or autumn,3)when adj宜人的 the weather is mild and pieasant.The Great Wall 4)stretches across 参观长城的最佳时间是春季或秋季，此时天气温和宜人。 长蓼横跨中国北方的长城多个段落组感：值得逐一探索。位于北京跑附近的八达岭是旅 11g 行的绝佳起点；慕田峪厕能提供远离喧嚣的宁静体验；而对于冒险者而言，司马合厕是理 想之选。 因为它完好地保留了长城的古朴风貌。 northern China,with several 5)brilliant parts to explore.Badaling 6)located 慕田峪 near Beijing,is a great starting point for your trip.Mutianyu offers a special experience,7)where you can enjoy peace away from 探险者 the crowds.For adventurers,Simatai is perfect,as it preserves the Wall's 司马台 v.保留 8)ancient looks The Great Wall was9)constructed as a military defense(军事防御)project in 意义 ancient times.Its brilliant design and historical significance 10)attract millions of visitors from all over the world every year. 长城在古代被建造为一项军事防御工程。其卓越的设计和历史意义每年吸引数百万来自世 界各地的游客。 Contact us today and start your Great Wall adventure! 今天就联系我们，开启你的长城之旅！ ⊙ Excellent:9or10☐ Good:7or8 ® Need to review:≤6 参老答案 120 ▣领回 Words and Expressions pyramid/'prramid/n.金字塔 gray/gre/adj.灰色的 origin.起源 original adj..最初的 ancient'emfont/adj.古代的 originally'rrd3nsli/adu.最初；本采 square/skwea(r)/n.广场 stretch/stret/u.延伸；绵延 adj.平方的 block /blpk/n.石块 especial adj.特别的 especially /Is'pefoli/adu.尤其；特别 construction /ken'strAk∫n/n.建设；建筑物 remind sb.of sth.使某人想起某事 remind /rI'maind/v.提醒；使想起 fantastic/faen'taestrk/adj.极好t的 construction n.建造 construct/kan'strAkt/U.建造 brilliant/briliont/adj.灿烂的；辉煌的 brilliance n.辉煌 Egypt/'i:d3pt/n.埃及Egyptian adj.埃及的；埃及人 life-sized/"1 arfsarzd/ad.与原物-样大小 the Terracotta Army兵马俑 的；真人大小的 the Potala Palace布达拉宫 regularly adv.规律地 regular'regjule(r)/adj.有规律的 the Silk Road丝绸之路 express v.表达 expression /iks'pren/n.表情 the Great Pyramid of Giza吉萨大金字塔 amazingly/a'merz四li/adv.令人惊叹地 Nile River尼罗河 exactly /Ig'zaektli/adv.精确地 on the edge of在…的边缘 exact adj.精确的