04 Unit 5 Period Four Lesson 3 Race to the Pole（Reading） （Word讲义）-【满分思维】2026-2027学年高中英语必修第二册学生用书（北师大版）

Period Four　Lesson 3 Race to the Pole (Reading) 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 ①pole n.(地)极 ②Antarctica n.南极洲 ③on the way to在去往……的路上 ④explorer n.探险者;勘察者 ⑤polar adj.极地的,地极的 ⑥base n.基地,大本营;基础 vt.以……为基地 ⑦in preparation for 为……做准备 ⑧anxiously adv.焦虑地;不安地 ⑨sledge n.雪橇 ⑩ski n.滑雪板 vi.滑雪 because of由于,因为 make rapid progress进展迅速;取得快速的进步 break down停止运转,出故障 RACE TO THE POLE① On 1 June, 1910, Captain Robert Falcon Scott left London to begin his journey to Antarctica②. [1]While he was on the way to③ Antarctica, he received a message from the Norwegian explorer④ Roald Amundsen which said he was going south, too. Then the race to the South Pole began! [1]while引导时间状语从句。 During the polar⑤ summer of 1910—1911, both teams organised food bases⑥ in preparation for⑦ their journeys the next year. [2]Then came the total darkness of the polar winter. Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously⑧ for spring. [2]画线部分为then置于句首引起的完全倒装句。 Amundsen was the first [3]to leave on 8 September, 1911. He [4]had teams of dogs pulling the sledges⑨ and all his men were on skis⑩. Because o this, he made rapid progres.Scott left on 1 November and soon had problems. First, his two sledges broke dow and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold. After a while, Scott and his men had to push the sledges themselves. [3]画线部分为不定式,在句中作定语,修饰the first。 [4]画线部分为“have+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,现在分词短语pulling the sledges作宾语补足语 奔向南极的比赛 1910年6月1日,罗伯特·福尔肯·斯科特上校离开了伦敦,开始了去南极洲的行程。在去往南极洲的途中,他收到了挪威探险家罗尔德·阿蒙森的一封信,信中说他也要去南极洲。于是,奔向南极的赛跑就开始了! 在1910—1911年的极地的夏季,两支队伍都建了食品储备点,为来年的旅程做准备。之后极地的冬季来临,四处一片黑暗。斯科特和阿蒙森焦急地等待春天的到来。 1911年9月8日,阿蒙森第一个动身。他用几队狗拉雪橇,他所有的队员都在滑雪板上行进。因此,他进展很快。11月1日,斯科特动身,但很快就出现了问题。先是他的两辆雪橇坏了,后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重问题。过了一阵子,斯科特和他的队员不得不自己推雪橇 (续表) 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 prepare for 为……做准备 ahead of(时间、空间)早于;领先;在……前面 shocked adj.震惊的 ambition n.抱负,雄心;追求,夙愿 in the history of 在……的历史上 exploration n.探险;探索 run out of用完,耗尽 situation n.情况;状况;形势 cheerful adj.高兴的,兴高采烈的 pull on穿上 prove vt.证明;证实 at one time曾经,一度 distant adj.久远的;遥远的 continent n.洲,大洲;大陆 captain n.队长;上校 have difficulty (in) doing sth做某事有困难 act n.行为,举动 spirit n.精神 Amundsen reached the Pole on 14 December, 1911 and put a Norwegian flag there. Then he prepared fo the return journey. Amundsen and his team arrived safely back to their starting base on 25 January, 1912, ten days ahead o their planned schedule. Scott finally arrived at the Pole with four team members on 17 January, 1912. They were shocke when they saw the Norwegian flag. Scott wrote in his diary: “Well, we have turned our back now on the goal of our ambitio and must face our 800 miles of solid dragging—and good-bye to most of the daydreams.” The return journey was one of the worst in the history o exploratio. The men were soon very tired and were running out o food. The weather conditions were terrible. Scott started to realise their hopeless situatio: “…we are unendingly cheerfu, but [5]what each man feels in his heart I can only guess. [6]Pulling o foot gear in the morning is getting slower and slower…” [5]what引导宾语从句,作动词guess的宾语。 [6]画线部分为动名词短语,在句中作主语。 However, on their way back they found time to look for rocks. They carried twenty kilos of rocks all the way with them. Later, these rocks prove [7]that at one tim in the distan past, the continen of Antarctica was covered by plants. [7]that引导宾语从句。 Then disaster came. Edgar Evans had a terrible disease and died after a bad fall. The next [8]to go was Captai Oates, [9]who was having great difficulty walking. Scott recorded his death: “He said, ‘I am just going outside and may be some time.’…We knew that poor Oates was walking to his death, but though we tried to dissuade him, we knew it was the acof a brave man and an English gentleman. We all hope to meet the end with a similar spiri, and assuredly the end is not far.” [8]画线部分为不定式,在句中作定语,修饰the next。 [9]who引导非限制性定语从句,修饰名词Captain Oates 1911年12月14日,阿蒙森到达极点,在那里插上了挪威国旗。然后他准备返回。1912年1月25日,阿蒙森和他的团队提前10天安全抵达了他们出发的基地。 1912年1月17日,斯科特和四名队员终于到达了极点。当看到挪威国旗时,他们非常震惊。斯科特在日记中写道: “好吧,我们现在已经放弃了我们奋斗的目标,而且必须要面对800英里的艰苦跋涉——并且要跟我们大多数人的梦想说再见。” 他们的回程是探险史上最糟糕的旅程之一。队员们很快就精疲力竭,食物也吃完了。天气非常糟糕。斯科特开始意识到他们令人绝望的处境: “我们一直很高兴,但我只能猜测每个人内心的感受。大家早上鞋袜穿得越来越慢……” 然而,在回去的路上,他们还花时间去寻找了岩石。他们一路上带着二十公斤的石头。后来,这些石块证实了,在遥远的过去,南极洲曾经被植被覆盖。 然后灾难来了。埃德加·埃文斯得了一种可怕的疾病,重重地跌倒后去世了。下一个离去的是奥茨上校,他连走路都很困难。斯科特记下了他的死亡: “他说,‘我要出去一下,可能会待上一会儿。’……我们知道可怜的奥茨正走向死亡,尽管我们曾试图阻止他,但我们都知道这是一个勇敢的人、一个英国绅士的行为。我们都希望能以同样的精神挺到最后,我们也确实快走到最后了 (续表) 词汇助读 课文 翻译助读 carry on继续;坚持 tent n.帐篷 honesty n.坦诚;诚实,正直 sincerity n.真诚,真挚,诚实 bravery n.勇气;勇敢的行为 Scott and two of his team members carried o and got within eleven miles of one of their food bases. But then a terrible storm started and they could not leave their ten. Scott spent some of his last hours writing. He wrote a letter full of sadness to his wife Kathleen: “What lots and lots I could tell you of this journey…What tales you would have for the boy. But what a price to pay.” Scott’s diary also told the story of their end: “…we are getting weaker, of course, and the end cannot be far. It seems a pity, but I do not think I can write more.” The news of Scott’s death shocked the world. Even Amundsen was moved by Scott’s death saying “Captain Scott left a record, for honest, for sincerit, for braver, for everything [10]that makes a man”. Scott had failed to win the race to the Pole, but the great courage [11]shown by Scott and his men [12]made them heroes. [10]that引导定语从句,修饰不定代词everything。 [11]画线部分为过去分词短语,在句中作定语,修饰名词courage。 [12]画线部分为“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构 斯科特和两名队员继续向前,到达距离食品储备点不足11英里的地方,但随后爆发了一场可怕的风暴,他们无法离开帐篷。在他生命的最后几个小时,斯科特花他最后的一点时间写下一些文字。他写了一封充满悲伤的信给妻子凯瑟琳: “关于这次旅行我有太多太多的事情想告诉你……很多你愿意给孩子讲的故事。但付出了多大的代价啊。” 斯科特的日记也讲述了他们的结局: “……我们越来越虚弱,当然,终点可能不远了。非常遗憾,但我想我无法继续写下去了。” 斯科特死亡的消息震惊了全世界。甚至阿蒙森也被斯科特的离世所触动,他说:“斯科特上校将永载史册,因为他诚实、真诚、勇敢,并拥有一个男人该有的一切。”斯科特没能赢得极点比赛,但斯科特和他的队员表现出的巨大勇气使他们成了英雄 Step 1　Fast reading Read the text on Page 36—Page 37 and match the main ideas with the paragraphs. (　)Para.1　(　)Paras.2—4　(　)Paras.5—10 (　)Para.11 A.Scott and his companions became heroes because of great courage. B.Scott and his companions’ return journey was of great difficulty. C.The race to the South Pole began. D.Amundsen’s team won the race. Step 2　Careful reading (　)1.What did Captain Scott use to pull the sledges? A.Horses.　　　　　　　　B.Dogs. C.Donkeys. D.Cats. (　)2.How long did it take Amundsen and his team to get to the South Pole? A.Less than one month. B.Less than two months. C.More than two months. D.More than three months. (　)3.What did Captain Scott and his four members do on their way back? A.They saved some penguins. B.They did some scientific research. C.They lost all their food. D.They carried rocks with them. (　)4.What did Scott mean by writing “but what a price to pay”? A.The journey cost him an arm and a leg. B.His attitude towards the journey was optimistic. C.He felt hopeless and thought he would die. D.He shouldn’t have taken the adventurous journey. Step 3　Summary In the polar spring of 1911, Captain Scott and the Norwegian explorer Roald Amundsen started their race to the South Pole. Both teams had made full 1.　　　　　　　　(prepare) the year before and then waited 2.　　　　　　　　(anxious) for their journeys.  Amundsen and his team had dogs pulling the sledges and all his men were on skis. Because of this, they made rapid progress, 3.　　　　　　(reach) the Pole on 14 December, 1911. They put a Norwegian flag there and then started the return journey. However, Scott got into trouble soon after they set off. Their sledges broke down and the horses had serious difficulties 4.　　　　 the snow and the cold. Scott and his men had to push the sledges 5.　　　　　　　(they).  Scott finally made it to the Pole with four team members. The return journey was one of the 6.　　　　(bad) in the history of exploration. The men were very tired and were running out of food. The weather conditions were terrible. In spite of their hopeless situation, they collected twenty kilos of rocks, 7.　　　　 later proved that at one time in the distant past, the continent of Antarctica 8.　　　　　　　　(cover) by plants.  None of Scott’s team members survived the return journey. Their death was 9.　　　　 great shock to the whole world. And the great courage 10.　　　　(show) by Scott and his men made them heroes.  1.preparation　n.预备,准备 (教材P36) What preparations do they need to make? 他们需要做什么准备? (1)make preparations for　　为……做准备 in preparation for 为……做准备 (2)prepare v. 准备,预备 prepare for 为……做准备 prepare to do sth 准备做某事 (3)prepared adj. 准备好的;愿意 be/get prepared to do sth 愿意做某事 be/get prepared for 为……做好了准备 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①Just as she prepared 　　　　　(set) off for the next village, two friends arrived in a taxi.  ②The students are working hard in 　　　　　　　(prepare) for the coming contest.  ③We were given two days to get 　　　　　　　(prepare) for the journey.  (2)写作金句 (读后续写之哲理句) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　is doing your best today.  对明天最好的准备就是今天做到最好。 2.anxiously　adv.焦虑地;不安地 (教材P36) Scott and Amundsen waited anxiously for spring. 斯科特和阿蒙森焦急地等待春天的到来。 (1)anxious adj.　 　　焦虑的,不安的 be anxious about sth 为……担心/忧虑 be anxious for sth 渴望某事 be anxious (for sb) to do sth 渴望(某人)做某事;急于(让某人)做某事 (2)anxiety n. 焦虑,忧虑,担心 with anxiety=anxiously 焦虑地,担心地 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①Though the girl is disabled, she is anxious 　　　　(go) to college.  ②My 　　　　　(anxious) drove me to try every means possible to lose weight, including dieting and weight-loss pills.  (2)写作金句 ①(读后续写之心理描写) Anne 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　, worrying nobody would ever come to pick her up.  安妮焦急地在车站等着,担心根本没有人来接她。 ②(读后续写之动作描写) She was 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　her job interview, pacing up and down in the room.  她渴望得到工作面试的结果,在房间里来回踱步。 3.break down　停止运转,出故障;(计划等)失败;(身体、精神等)垮掉;分解 (教材P36) First, his two sledges broke down and then the horses began to have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold. 先是他的两辆雪橇坏了,后来马匹开始在大雪和严寒的天气下出现严重问题。 break away from　脱离;逃脱,挣脱(束缚) break in 破门而入(不及物动词短语);插嘴,打断 break into 强行闯入(及物动词短语);突然开始(笑、唱、跑等) break out (火灾、战争等)突然开始;爆发 break up 粉碎;拆散;结束;破裂;解体;散开 break through 取得突破;取得新的重大发现 【活学活用】 (1)用break相关短语的适当形式填空 ①Close the door and windows carefully to prevent some strangers 　　　　　　　　　your house.  ②They responded that there were several reasons why the music band 　　　　　　　.  ③The man who had to support his family 　　　　　　　　under the pressure of work.  ④They were discussing something important when a man 　　　　　　, which made everyone upset.  ⑤The war 　　　　　　　　in 1937 and we were forced to leave our hometown.  ⑥We must 　　　　　　　　　convention and adopt as many advanced techniques as possible in order to build our country into a powerful modern state.  (2)写作金句 (读后续写之情感描写) Hearing the sad news, the old woman couldn’t contain her emotions and 　　　　　　　　　　.  听到这个悲伤的消息,这位老太太不能抑制自己的情绪,突然哭了起来。 4.ambition　n.抱负,雄心;追求,夙愿 (教材P37) Well, we have turned our back now on the goal of our ambition and must face our 800 miles of solid dragging—and good-bye to most of the daydreams. 好吧,我们现在已经放弃了我们奋斗的目标,而且必须要面对800英里的艰苦跋涉——并且要跟我们大多数人的梦想说再见。 (1)achieve/realize/fulfil one’s ambition 　　　　　　　 　　实现某人的理想 an ambition to do sth/of doing sth 做某事的雄心 (2)ambitious adj. 有雄心壮志的;有野心的;宏大的,艰巨的 [温馨提示] ambition作主语时,常用动词不定式作表语。 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①My brother’s ambition is 　　　　　　(become) a pilot after graduation.  ②He is a very 　　　　　　　　(ambition) young person who wants to be a top player.  (2)写作金句 Nothing would stop me from 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  没有什么可以阻止我实现我的抱负。 5.prove　vt.证明;证实 linking v.证明是;原来是 (教材P37) Later, these rocks proved that at one time in the distant past, the continent of Antarctica was covered by plants. 后来,这些石块证实了,在遥远的过去,南极洲曾经被植被覆盖。 (1)prove sth to sb　　　向某人证明…… prove (to be)+n./adj. ……证明是…… It is proved that… 事实证明…… (2)proof n. 证据 There is no proof that… 没有证据表明……(that引导同位语从句,作名词proof的同位语) [温馨提示] prove表示“证明是,原来是”时是系动词,不能用被动语态。 【活学活用】 (1)单句填空 ①This festival, which was a feast for ears and eyes as well as minds, proved 　　　　(be) a great success.  ②She is living 　　　　　(prove) that anyone can succeed in this business.  (2)写作金句 ①(应用文写作之申请信) Just give me a chance and I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.  只要给我个机会,我会证明我的能力给你看。 ②(应用文写作话题之健康生活) 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　both physical and mental health.  事实证明,定期锻炼可以改善身心健康。 (教材P36) Then came the total darkness of the polar winter.接着,极地的冬季来临,四周一片黑暗。 完全倒装句 句型公式　 【句式点拨】 该句使用了完全倒装语序,正常语序为:“The total darkness of the polar winter then came.”。 【相关拓展】 完全倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。常见结构有: ①在以地点副词here, there,方位副词out, in, up, down, away及时间副词now, then等开头的句子里,常使用完全倒装,以示强调。如: Here comes the bus which will take you right to the post office. 公共汽车来了,它正好可以把你带到邮局。 There lies a large field of rice in front of our village. 在我们的村庄前面有一大片稻田。 注意:主语是人称代词时,主语和谓语语序不变。如: Away it went./Here you are./Down they flew. 它走了。/给你。/它们飞了下来。 ②表示地点或方位的介词短语位于句首,而谓语动词是be, come, go, lie, sit, stand, run, fly, walk等不及物动词时,常使用完全倒装。如: At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. 山脚下有个美丽的湖泊。 The soldiers rushed to the building, on the top of which flew a red flag. 战士们冲向这座大楼,楼顶上飘扬着一面红旗。 ③有时为了使叙述或描绘更加生动形象,增加语言效果,句子常采用完全倒装语序。如: Present at the meeting were Professor White, Professor Smith and many other guests. 出席会议的有怀特教授、史密斯教授和许多其他的客人。 Gone are the days when an overseas degree ensures a top-paying job. 拥有海外文凭就能确保获得高薪工作的日子已经一去不复返了。 【活学活用】 写作金句 ①Out of the darkness 　　　　　　　　　he had never heard before.  黑暗中传来一个他从来没有听过的声音。 ②At the foot of the mountain 　　　　　　　　　who makes a living by hunting.  山脚下住着一位以打猎为生的老人。 ③Behind the house 　　　　　　　　　　carrying their good memories with Grandpa.  房子后面是承载着他们与爷爷美好回忆的森林。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Period Four　Lesson 3 Race to the Pole (Reading) 【课前自主探究】 Step 1　Fast reading Para.1—C; Paras.2—4—D; Paras.5—10—B; Para.11—A Step 2　Careful reading 1—4 ADDC Step 3　Summary 1.preparations　2.anxiously　3.reaching　4.with 5.themselves　6.worst　7.which　8.was covered　9.a 10.shown 【语言知识梳理】 词汇点睛 1.(1)①to set　②preparation　③prepared (2)The best preparation for tomorrow 2.(1)①to go　②anxiety (2)①waited at the station anxiously/with anxiety ②anxious for the result of 3.(1)①breaking into　②broke up　③broke down　④broke in ⑤broke out　⑥break away from　(2)broke into tears 4.(1)①to become　②ambitious (2)achieving/realizing/fulfilling my ambition 5.(1)①to be　②proof　(2)①will prove my ability to you ②It is proved that regular exercise improves 句型透视 ①came a voice　②lives an old man　③is/was the forest 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $