Unit 1 Part 4 Writing（同步精练）（Word）-【学而思】2026-2027学年高二英语选择性必修第二册（人教版）

Part 4　Writing 关于科学精神的写作 写作题目 　　假设你校下个月要举行科技节,现面向全体学生征文,请你用英语写一篇短文投稿,谈谈你对科学精神的见解。要点包括: 1.你认为科学精神包括哪些品质; 2.列举两个相关的科学家; 3.作为学生,我们应该怎样对待科学精神。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。 思路点拨 遣词造句 Ⅰ.用本单元所学单词填空 1.　　　　vt.处理;操纵  2.　　　　n.导弹  3.　　　　vt.& vi.减少;降低  4.　　　　adv.此外;再者  5.　　　　adj.生动的;鲜明的;丰富的  Ⅱ.本单元语块、语法运用 答案　Ⅰ.1.handle　2.missile　3.decrease　4.furthermore　5.vivid Ⅱ.1.essential qualities　2.be devoted and creative　3.have a vivid imagination　4.became such a powerful country　 5.decreased the number of　6.so that　7.Without Qian Xuesen's devoted work on missiles and rockets, China wouldn't have become such a powerful country in the world in a short time.　8.It is the hybrid rice Yuan Longping developed that has decreased the number of the hungry people around the world greatly. 连句成篇 　　, the scientific spirit includes some essential qualities. Scientists should be devoted and creative. they must have a vivid imagination. For instance, such a powerful country in the world in a short time. Similarly,   that has decreased the number of the hungry people around the world greatly.  　　As students, and problems we meet with.  写作积累 关于议论文的增分佳句 开头:引出话题, 提出论点 ①There is no doubt that positive attitudes and values are bound to make a big difference to everyone.毫无疑问,积极的态度和价值观必然会对每个人产生巨大的影响。 ②There is a widespread concern over the issue that... But it is well known that the opinions concerning this hot topic vary from person to person.人们普遍担忧……的问题。但是众所周知,关于这个热门话题的观点因人而异。 主体:分层论述, 阐明观点 ①On the contrary, some people hold different opinions on this matter. They hold the view that... On the one hand...On the other hand...相反,有些人对这件事持不同看法。他们认为……。一方面……;另一方面……。 ②A majority of people approve of the opinion that... From their point of view, there are two factors contributing to this attitude, which are as follows: in the first place...; furthermore...大多数人都赞同这种观点……。从他们的角度来看,有两个因素促成了这种态度,如下:首先……;此外……。 结尾:总结全文, 亮明己见 ①These scientists who made excellent contributions to human beings set good examples to us students.这些为人类做出卓越贡献的科学家为我们学生树立了良好的榜样。 ②Not only should we show respect for the great scientists, but we also should learn the scientific spirit from them.我们不仅要尊重伟大的科学家,而且要向他们学习科学精神。 实战演练 [2025云南师大附中期中] 假设你是李华。为了响应国家“了解中国科技发展的伟大成就,坚定文化自信”的号召,你校计划举办一场主题为“What Makes a Great Scientist?”的演讲比赛,请你写一篇英语演讲稿参赛。内容包括: 1.列举一位伟大的科学家并介绍其伟大之处; 2.你的感想。 注意:写作词数应为80个左右。         五年高考真题练 阅读理解 [2025全国一,D] Microplastics have become a common source of pollution across the Earth—they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans. Now, new research suggests that a simple, cheap measure may significantly reduce the level of microplastics in water from your tap(水龙头): boiling and filtering(过滤) it. In a study published Wednesday in Environmental Science & Technology Letters, researchers from China found that boiling tap water for just five minutes—then filtering it after it cools—could remove at least 80 percent of its microplastics. Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate(碳酸钙) to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent. Additionally, the research didn't include all types of plastics. The team focused only on three common types—polystyrene, polyethylene and polypropylene—and they didn't study other chemicals previously found in water such as vinyl chloride. Still, the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that's becoming increasingly difficult. Even bottled water, scientists found earlier this year, contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought. Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns. The new study suggests boiling tap water could be a tool to limit intake. “The way they demonstrated how microplastics were trapped through the boiling process was nice,” Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, an environmental engineer of the University of Glasgow in Scotland who was not involved in the research, tells New Scientist. “We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.” 1.How does the author present the issue in the first paragraph? A.By quoting an expert.　　　 B.By defining a concept. C.By giving examples.　　　 D.By providing statistics. 2.What determines the effectiveness of trapping microplastics in water? A.The hardness of water.　　　 B.The length of cooling time. C.The frequency of filtering.　　　 D.The type of plastic in water. 3.What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4? A.The importance of plastic recycling.　　　 B.The severity of the microplastic problem. C.The danger in overusing pure water.　　　 D.The difficulty in treating polluted water. 4.What is Gauchotte-Lindsay's suggestion about? A.Choice of new research methods.　　　 B.Possible direction for further study. C.Need to involve more researchers.　　　 D.Potential application of the findings. 高考词汇站 派生/合成词汇 1.pollute v.污染;弄脏→　　　　n.污染;污染物  2.volcano n.火山→　　　　adj.火山的;猛烈的  3.environment n.自然环境;环境→　　　　adj.自然环境的;环保的  4.expose v.使接触;使体验;使暴露(于险境)→　　　　n.接触;体验;暴露;揭露  5.treat v.处理;对待;治疗;款待→　　　　n.处理;对待;治疗  6.seabird n.　　　  7.upgrade v.　　　　   熟词生义 8.trap v.　　　  9.hard adj.　　　  10.raise v.　　　  11.plant n.　　　  Part 4　Writing 参考答案 实战演练 One possible version: Ladies and gentlemen, I'm Li Hua. It's my privilege to make a speech whose theme is “What Makes a Great Scientist?” Everyone has an idol. Mine is Qian Xuesen, who is known as the father of China's aerospace. Personally, he was a pioneer who was determined to pursue his dreams. More importantly, he was patriotic and served our country with effort, achievement and devotion. All of this makes him a great scientist. Undoubtedly, as teenagers, we should learn and pass on his scientific spirit as well as his perseverance in the face of difficulties. 1.重点词汇　 ①privilege n.荣幸 ②be known as...被称为…… ③determined adj.下定决心的 ④pursue v.追求 ⑤pass on传递 2.亮点句型　 ①It's my privilege to make a speech whose theme is “What Makes a Great Scientist?”(It是形式主语,不定式短语to make...作真正的主语;whose引导限制性定语从句)我很荣幸能发表一场主题为“什么造就了伟大的科学家?”的演讲。   ②Personally, he was a pioneer who was determined to pursue his dreams.(who引导限制性定语从句)就我个人而言,他是一个决心追求梦想的先驱。  五年高考真题练 ◎语篇解读　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了微塑料污染遍及全球,中国科研人员的新研究表明:煮沸并过滤含足够碳酸钙的自来水可大幅减少微塑料,或为解决微塑料问题提供路径。 长难句 　　 “The way trapped through the boiling process) was nice,”Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, of the University of Glasgow in Scotland in the research), tells New Scientist.  译文:苏格兰格拉斯哥大学的环境工程师Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay没有参与这项研究,她告诉《新科学家》杂志:“他们展示微塑料如何在煮沸过程中被吸附的方式很不错。” 1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段中的“they have settled in the deep sea and on the Himalayas, stuck inside volcanic rocks, filled the stomachs of seabirds and even fallen in fresh Antarctic snow. They are even appearing inside humans.”可知,第一段说明了微塑料存在的不同位置:深海、喜马拉雅山脉、火山岩、海鸟的胃、南极的雪甚至人体内,这些都是具体的例子(examples)。故选C。 2.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Crucially, this process relies on the water containing enough calcium carbonate to trap the plastics. In the study, boiling hard water containing 300 milligrams of calcium carbonate led to an almost 90 percent drop in plastics. But in samples with less than 60 milligrams of calcium carbonate, boiling reduced the level of plastics by just 25 percent.”可知,碳酸钙含量决定了吸附微塑料的效果,而碳酸钙含量是衡量水硬度的关键指标。含300毫克碳酸钙的硬水去除率较高。因此,水的硬度(The hardness of water)是关键因素。故选A。 3.B　推理判断题。第四段中的“Even bottled water...contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.”通过瓶装水中微塑料含量远超设想这一事实,强调微塑料污染问题的严重性——即使是被认为更安全的瓶装水也深受其害,说明问题已广泛存在于各类水源中。故选B。 4.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段Gauchotte-Lindsay说的话“The way...was nice”和“We should be looking into upgrading drinking water treatment plants so they remove microplastics.”可知,她建议将研究发现应用于升级饮用水处理厂的实际操作中。由此可推测,这是对研究成果潜在应用(Potential application)的建议。故选D。 【高考词汇站】　1.pollution　2.volcanic　3.environmental 4.exposure　5.treatment　6.海鸟　7.使升级;提升 8.吸附;吸收　9.硬的(含钙及镁盐较多)　10.引起;导致;使出现　11.工厂 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $