Unit 6 Beyond Earth Section B (2a-Reflecting) 课件 2026-2027学年人教版英语九年级上册

Section B (2a-Reflecting) Unit 6 Beyond Earth 01 Teaching Objectives 语言能力:掌握 survey、crowded、operate、craft、spaceship 等新词,能通过 space 与 walk、suit等搭配构词完成2a;在2b对话填空与2c短文填空中正确运用rocket launch、on board等短语;读懂3a范文"My Space Dream",掌握"My space dream is that"句式及将来时被动语态在语段中的运用,并仿照"点明梦想—分述理由—表达希望"结构撰写自己的太空梦想短文。 思维品质:通过2a复合词归类建构太空话题词汇网络,培养分类归纳思维;2c语篇填空中依据上下文逻辑推断短语选择,发展语篇衔接意识;3a分析范文"总—分—总"结构,梳理"建月球研究站"梦想下科研合作、技术外溢、资源开发两条理由的并列逻辑;3b-3c结合自身构想论证梦想的益处,训练有理有据的表达;在项目活动中筛选整合中国航天素材,培养信息加工与创新设计能力。 学习能力:掌握复合词构词法(space+名词)系统扩展话题词汇的策略;借鉴范文结构支架(句式模板+衔接词+被动语态句型)进行仿写,形成"读范文—析结构—列提纲—成文—自查修改"的写作流程;在海报项目中学会小组分工、资料检索与协作展示;通过 Reflecting 对照单元目标清单自我评价,梳理薄弱环节,养成反思与自主复习的习惯。 文化意识:从"My Space Dream"的梦想表达中激发科学想象力,树立仰望星空、脚踏实地的理想追求;在制作中国航天计划海报的过程中深入了解天宫、祝融、嫦娥、巡天等中国航天成就,增强民族自豪感与科技自信;体会航天探索中国际合作与和平利用太空的理念,培养人类命运共同体意识,坚定科技报国的远大志向。 02 Teaching Points 教学重点:掌握本节新词及space构成的复合词系统,正确运用on board、in case等短语完成2a-2c语境填空;理解3a范文结构与主旨,提取月球研究站梦想的两条理由;运用"My space dream is that one day will be done"句式和 First/Second 衔接词完成3b-3c太空梦想短文写作;合作完成中国航天计划海报并展示。 教学难点:craft 一词多义(工艺/飞行器)及单复数同形的辨析;in time表"迟早、最终"与"及时"的语义区分;写作中将来时被动语态的准确、多样运用,避免与一般现在时、过去时被动混用;从范文模仿到个人创意表达的迁移,理由阐述需真实合理而非空洞套话;海报项目中航天信息的准确筛选、版面设计与英语连贯讲解的综合呈现。 03 Section B (2a-3c) Match the word space with the words in the box and complete the sentences. Then discuss the questions. space walk suit craft telescope station ship 1. Do you hope to travel by spaceship to other planets one day? 2. Who was the first Chinese astronaut to do a ? 3. What is the name of China's first large survey ? 4. How many kilograms does a that an astronaut wears usually weigh? 5. What is the longest time that an astronaut has lived on a ? 6. How fast do you think a can travel? spacewalk space telescope spacesuit space station spacecraft 1. Do you hope to travel by spaceship to other planets one day? 2. Who was the first Chinese astronaut to do a spacewalk? 3. What is the name of China's first large survey space telescope? 4. How many kilograms does a spacesuit that an astronaut wears usually weigh? 5. What is the longest time that an astronaut has lived on a space station? 6. How fast do you think a spacecraft can travel? 1. Yes, I do. I'm really curious about other planets and would love to see space in person. / No, I don't. Space travel sounds dangerous to me. 2. Zhai Zhigang. (翟志刚) 3. The Xuntian Space Telescope. 4. About 120 kilograms. 5. More than 350 days. 6. I think a spacecraft can travel at tens of thousands of kilometers per hour. 复合构词法 一、什么是复合构词法? 1. 英语扩充词汇有三大法宝:派生(加词缀)、转化(词性转换)和合成(复合构词)。 2. 复合构词法(也叫合成法),就是把两个或两个以上独立的词按照一定规律组合在一起,构成一个新词。这个新词的意思往往可以从组成部分「推」出来。 例如: class(班级)+ room(房间)组合成 classroom(教室);basket(篮子)+ ball(球)组合成 basketball(篮球)。 3. 复合词的书写形式有三种: 第一种是「合写式」,两个词直接连写成一个词,如 bedroom(卧室); 第二种是「连字符式」,两个词之间加短横线「-」,如 hard-working(勤劳的); 复合构词法 第三种是「分写式」,两个词分开写,但仍是一个整体概念,如 bus stop(公交车站)、ice cream(冰激凌)。 4. 复合词按词性可以分为复合名词、复合形容词、复合动词、复合副词、复合代词、复合介词和复合连词等。 二、复合名词 常见的组合方式如下: 1. 名词 + 名词 这是最常见的复合名词构成方式,前面一个名词修饰后面一个名词,后面的名词是中心词。两部分之间有些直接连写,有些分开写。 class + room = classroom 教室 basket + ball = basketball 篮球 复合构词法 bus + stop = bus stop 公交车站 ice + cream = ice cream 冰激凌 注意:这类复合名词的重音通常落在第一个词上。 2. 形容词 + 名词 black + board = blackboard 黑板 grand + parent = grandparent 祖父母 green + house = greenhouse 温室 3. 动名词(v-ing)+ 名词 动名词放在前面表示用途或功能,「用来做……的东西」。 swim + suit swimming suit 游泳衣 read + room reading room 阅览室 dine + room dining room 餐厅 shop + bag shopping bag 购物袋 4. 动词 + 名词 / 名词 + 动词 复合构词法 pick + pocket = pickpocket 扒手 hair + cut = haircut 理发 5. 介词或副词 + 名词 over + coat = overcoat 大衣 after + noon = afternoon 下午 三、复合形容词 常见的组合方式如下: 1. 形容词 + 名词 + ed 这是最典型的复合形容词结构,相当于「具有某种特征的」。加 -ed 是让它整体具有形容词词性。 kind + heart + ed = kind-hearted 好心的、仁慈的 warm + heart + ed = warm-hearted 热心肠的 复合构词法 2. 形容词 + 现在分词(v-ing) 表示「令人……的、给人以……感觉的」,相当于「形容词 + that 从句」的压缩形式。 good + looking = good-looking 好看的 easy + going = easy-going 随和的 3. 名词 + 现在分词(v-ing) 表示「正在……的、会……的」,前面的名词是后面动作的逻辑宾语或对象。 time + saving = time-saving 节省时间的 paper + making paper-making 造纸的 4. 名词 + 过去分词(v-ed) 表示「被……的、已经……的」,具有被动含义。 man + made = man-made 人造的 heart + broken heart-broken 心碎的 复合构词法 5. 数词 + 名词(+ 形容词) 这是中考最爱考的一类。「数词 + 单数名词」加连字符构成形容词,作定语。特别注意:名词必须用单数形式! five + year + old = a five-year-old boy 一个五岁的男孩 two + hour = a two-hour trip 一次两小时的旅行 6. 副词或形容词 + 过去分词 / 形容词 + 形容词 well + known = well-known 著名的 red + hot = red-hot 炽热的 7. 形容词 + 名词 second + hand = second-hand 二手的 first + class = first-class 一流的 四、复合动词、复合副词、复合代词和复合介词 复合构词法 (一)复合动词(多由「副词/介词 + 动词」构成) over + come = overcome 克服 down + load = download 下载 (二)复合副词与连词(在阅读中频繁出现) any + way = anyway 无论如何 some + times = sometimes 有时 how + ever = however 然而、无论怎样 for + ever = forever 永远 (三)复合代词(中考高频考点) 由 some、any、no、every 与 one、body、thing 组合而成,是初中语法的必考点。记住两条核心规则: 复合代词都作单数看待,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 例如:Everyone is here. 大家都到了。 复合构词法 复合代词被形容词修饰时,形容词要放在后面。例如:something interesting。 someone / somebody = 某人(用于肯定句) anyone / anybody = 任何人(用于否定/疑问句) everyone / everybody = 人人、每个人 something = 某事、某物(肯定句) anything = 任何事物(否定句、疑问句) nothing = 没有什么 everything = 一切、每件事 (四)复合介词 with + out = without 没有 with + in = within 在……之内 out + side = outside 在……外面 in + side = inside 在……里面 五、复合词的用法要点与易错点 复合构词法 1. 复合名词的复数 大部分复合名词变复数时在词尾直接加 -s 或 -es,如 classrooms、railways。 有少数复合词,其主要名词在前面时,复数加在前面的词上,例如: passer-by(过路人) passers-by(复数 s 加在 passer 后面) grown-up(成年人) grown-ups(例外:s 直接加在词尾) 2. 复合词与「词组」的区别 复合词表达的是一个「整体概念」,重音落在第一个词; 词组则是临时搭配,两个词都重读。 3. 连字符的用法 复合形容词放在名词前作定语时,通常要加连字符,如 a hard-working student; 复合构词法 如果放在 be 动词后面作表语,则常不加连字符,如 The student works hard。 另外,带数词的复合形容词(如 five-year-old)作定语时连字符和名词单数缺一不可。 六、记忆技巧与考点归纳 1. 「猜词义」是复合词最大的价值 遇到不认识的复合词,先把它拆开,把两部分的意思加起来,再结合上下文微调。比如看到housework,拆成 house + work 「在家做的活」 家务。 2. 重点关注「形近易混」的复合词 everyday(形容词,日常的)与 every day(每天) sometime(某个时候)与 some time(一段时间) Complete the conversation with the phrases in the box. on board fall asleep in space rocket launch in case in time Ann: Are you going to watch the tomorrow morning? Bob: Yes. I'm going there early there are too many people. Ann: Yeah, it will be very crowded. I think I'll watch it online instead. Bob: I'd prefer to see it with my own eyes. I want to be an astronaut in the future. Ann: Cool! The job must require you to be strong both in mind and body. Bob: Yes. I think it's fantastic to live and work . Ann: But it must be difficult to if you need to be tied down! Bob: Not a problem for me. I believe that space travel will be made much easier . Ann: Well, I've only been a plane twice, and I was scared. I prefer to have a job that keeps my feet on the ground. rocket launch in case in space fall asleep in time on board Complete the passage with the correct forms of the words in the box. set foot on complete cooperate cancel For thousands of years, human beings dreamt of visiting the moon and other planets. Though many missions failed or had to be , space exploration never stopped. In 1969, humans finally the moon's surface. Since then, more missions to the moon have been . It is hoped that moon bases will be built in the near future so that scientists can and do more research there. In time, it seems possible that the wildest dream of visiting other planets will also come true. canceled/cancelled set foot on completed cooperate Read about one teenager's space dream. Then complete the chart. My Space Dream My space dream is that one day a research station will be built on the moon. I believe there are quite a few benefits. First, it will be a good place for scientists to cooperate and do space research together. New technologies can be developed, tested, and operated there. These technologies can then be used to help build stations on Mars and other planets. Second, more resources will be found. I think the moon may have some special kind of energy resource that can be useful to Earth. It will just take time for scientists to find it. Third, people may live and work there. Tourists will also be able to visit. I want to be one of the first visitors. I hope that one day we humans can spend holidays in space and explore the universe. Humans have achieved many things that were once only dreams. I hope the research station on the moon will be built in the near future, and I hope it will happen during my lifetime. My Space Dream Read about one teenager's space dream. Then complete the chart. What? Why? One day a research station will be built on the moon. It will be a good place for scientists to cooperate and do space research together. Reason 1: Reason 2: Reason 3: More resources will be found. People may live and work there. My Space Dream My space dream is that one day a research station will be built on the moon. I believe there are quite a few benefits. First, it will be a good place for scientists to cooperate and do space research together. New technologies can be developed, tested, and operated there. These technologies can then be used to help build stations on Mars and other planets. Second, more resources will be found. I think the moon may have some special kind of energy resource that can be useful to Earth. It will just take time for scientists to find it. Third, people may live and work there. Tourists will also be able to visit. I want to be one of the first visitors. I hope that one day we humans can spend holidays in space and explore the universe. Humans have achieved many things that were once only dreams. I hope the research station on the moon will be built in the near future, and I hope it will happen during my lifetime. Analyze the structure of the text. Total opinion Supporting details Conclusion Paragraph 1 Paragraph 2 Paragraph 3 Paragraph 4 Paragraph 5 Read the text and match the main ideas of the paragraphs. A moon station helps scientists do space research and develop new tech for other planets. We might find new useful energy resources on the moon. The writer introduces his space dream and its advantages. The writer hopes the moon research station will come true in his life. People may live, work and travel on the moon someday. Discuss the ideas about space. Which interests you the most and why? build a research station on the moon send a spacecraft to the nearest star system search for life in the solar system build a satellite to collect the sun's energy and send it to Earth Discuss the ideas about space. Which interests you the most and why? Version 1 Building a research station on the moon interests me the most, because it can help us learn more about the moon and prepare for deeper space exploration. It's also a big step for humans to explore the universe. Version 2 Sending a spacecraft to the nearest star system interests me the most, because it can help us get new information about far-away space. It's also a big step for humans to travel further into the universe. Discuss the ideas about space. Which interests you the most and why? Version 3 Searching for life in the solar system interests me the most, because it can help us learn more about outer space and think about different forms of life. It's also a big step for humans to understand the universe. Version 4 Building a satellite to collect the sun's energy and send it to Earth interests me the most, because it can help us get clean energy and solve Earth's energy problems. It's also a big step for humans to make good use of space resources. Write your own space dream. You can include some pictures in your writing. 开头:引出话题 段落布局 中间:分点阐述梦想的具体内容和意义 结尾:总结全文,表达实现梦想的决心 My space dream is to fly to Mars and study its environment I believe this will be very meaningful. 第一点:First, learn more about the formation and changes of planets whether humans can live on Mars 第二点:Second,look for water and other useful resources 第三点:Third, take amazing photos I believe my space dream will come true. I will study hard from now on to make it possible. Write your own space dream. You can include some pictures in your writing. My space dream is that one day I can fly to Mars and study its environment. I believe this will be very meaningful. First, of all the planets in the solar system, the environment on Mars is the most similar to Earth's. By exploring Mars, we can learn more about the formation and changes of planets. It can also help us find out whether humans can live on Mars in the future. Second, I hope to look for water and other useful resources on Mars. These discoveries will help humans explore further into space. Third, I want to take amazing photos of Mars and send them back to Earth. I'm sure that Mars has wonderful sights we have never seen before. With the development of science and technology, I believe my space dream will come true. I will study hard from now on to make it possible. 引出梦想 分点阐 述梦想 的具体 内容和 意义 总结全文 04 Project Put these names into different groups. You may add other space missions you know. Shenzhou Chang'e Tiangong Tianwen Tianhe Zhurong Yutu Manned space flight Mission to Mars Mission to the moon Space station Shenzhou Tianwen Chang'e Tiangong Zhurong Yutu Tianhe Queqiao Wentian Mengtian Work in groups. Choose one type of space mission to research. Share and discuss the information you find. Group work: Research on Shenzhou(神舟) Basic information Task: Manned space flight Chinese name: Shenzhou It is China's manned spacecraft project. Key facts Shenzhou-5 was China's first manned space flight in 2003. Yang Liwei travelled into space. Later, more Shenzhou spacecraft carried astronauts to the Tiangong space station. Astronauts do science experiments in space and then return safely to Earth by Shenzhou. Work in groups. Choose one type of space mission to research. Share and discuss the information you find. Our opinions for discussion We are proud of the Shenzhou programme. It shows China's progress in space technology. Manned space flights help us learn more about space and prepare for future exploration. Sample We choose to study Shenzhou. It belongs to manned space flight. Shenzhou is China's manned spacecraft. In 2003, Shenzhou-5 took Yang Liwei into space. That was China's first manned space flight. Later, many Shenzhou spaceships send astronauts to the Tiangong space station. Astronauts can do space experiments there and come back to Earth safely. We think the Shenzhou project is great. It helps China make progress in space exploration. It is also a big step for humans to know more about the universe. Make a poster about what you have found to showcase China's space programme. You can include the following: important events or missions pictures or drawings of the space flights, spaceships, or satellites important people or organizations Make a poster about what you have found to showcase China's space programme. You can include the following: Present your poster to the class and give a group presentation. 05 Reflecting Which part of space exploration interests you the most? Why do you think human beings want to explore space? Can you talk about future space exploration using the passive voice? Can you talk about China's achievements in space exploration? What is your dream for space exploration? 你对太空探索的哪一部分最感兴趣? 你认为人类为什么想要探索太空? 你能用被动语态谈一谈未来的太空探索吗? 你能说说中国在太空探索方面取得的成就吗? 关于太空探索,你的梦想是什么? 06 Vocabulary survey n.调查,勘测;v.做调查,调研,审视,勘测 例句:We surveyed 200 local people on their opinions.我们就观点对 200 位当地人做了调研。 do /carry out a survey 开展一项调查 conduct a survey 进行调查 a survey on /about sth. 关于……的调查 survey sb. on sth. 就某事对某人做调查 surveyor n. 测量员;勘测员(人) surveying n.勘测,测绘(行业 / 工作) 易混辨析:survey /investigation/research survey:多指问卷、民意抽样调查,对象是人,收集看法、数据,规模可大可小。侧重问问题,得到统计结果。 investigation:多指对事故、案件、可疑事件的调查、核查,常带有查明真相的意味。 research:学术性的研究、科研;长时间探究真理、规律,多用在科学、学术领域。不可数居多。常用搭配do research on… 做……方面的研究 crowded adj.拥挤的,挤满人的,(地方)热闹拥堵的 例句:The subway is crowded with passengers during rush hour. 高峰时段地铁挤满了乘客。 be crowded with… 挤满…… crowded places 人员密集的地方 crowd n. 人群,一大群人 a crowd of people 一群人 crowd v. 挤满,聚集,涌入 uncrowded adj. 不拥挤的,人少的 易混辨析:crowded /busy/full crowded:侧重人多拥挤,空间因为人而变得狭小,主语多是地点。 busy:侧重“忙碌的”,可以形容人、店铺、道路;不一定是人挤人。 full:侧重“满的”,可以装人也可以装物,强调容量已经用尽。 ️搭配区分:be crowded with = be full of,二者在很多场景下可以互换,但 full 可接物体,crowded 大多接人/生物。 operate v.操作,操控,做手术,经营,运营 例句:The doctor will operate on the patient tomorrow. 医生明天将给这位病人做手术。 operate a machine 操作机器 operate on sb. 给某人做手术 operate well /normally 运转良好 / 正常运转 operate in … 在(某地)开展业务 operation n. 操作;运转;手术;经营 have an operation 做手术 operational adj. 可使用的,运转的;运营的 operative adj. 起作用的;运作的 operator n. 操作员;接线员;经营者(指人) 易混辨析:operate /control/run operate:侧重动手操作设备使其运转;也专指做手术;还可以表示机构运营。强调机器本身的运行或者医疗手术。 control:侧重控制、支配,掌握事物,不让它失控。对象可以是人、情绪、机器、局面。 run:含义广。表示“运转”时和 operate 可互换;表示“经营管理”企业、店铺非常常用;也指机器运行。 quite a few 相当多,不少 例句:Quite a few students like reading science‑fiction books. 相当多的学生喜欢读科幻书籍。 用法:后接可数名词复数,可以作主语、宾语;few 前面有a表示肯定含义(一些、不少),去掉a,few表示否定,意为“几乎没有”;quite a few = a good few,两者同义;不可以修饰不可数名词。 易混辨析:quite a few /quite a little /few/a few /little/a little quite a few + 可数复数:不少,相当多(肯定) quite a little + 不可数名词:不少,相当多(肯定) a few + 可数复数:几个,一些(肯定,数量比 quite a few 更少) few + 可数复数:几乎没有(否定含义) a little + 不可数名词:一点儿,少许(肯定) little + 不可数名词:几乎没有(否定含义) in time 及时,迟早,终究 例句:We got to the station in time to catch the last train. 我们及时赶到车站,赶上了最后一班火车。 用法:作副词短语,在句中放在句末,也可用于in time to do sth/in time for sth结构。 in time to do sth 及时做某事 in time for +名词 赶得上…… 易混辨析 in time /on time in time:及时,强调赶在危险、截止时间之前,未必刚好整点;还可表示“迟早”。 on time:准时、按时。严格按照规定的时间点,不早不晚。 例句对比: He got to school in time. 他及时到校(没有迟到,也许稍微早一点) He got to school on time. 他准时到校(正好卡点,按规定时间) 拓展补充:ahead of time 提前,at times 有时,at one time 曾经,一度 dream of 梦想,向往,梦见 例句:Many young people dream of travelling into space. 很多年轻人梦想去太空旅行。 用法:dream 此处作动词,固定搭配dream of doing sth,of 是介词,后面必须接名词、代词或者动名词 doing,不能接动词原形。否定:dream of not doing sth 梦想不做某事。 易混辨析:dream of /dream about dream of:多用于向往、梦想(心中的理想);也可以表示梦见。书面、考试出现最多。 dream about:更侧重做梦梦见真实梦里见到的人、事;也可表示梦想,但不如 dream of 正式。 近义词组辨析:dream of /hope to /wish to dream of doing:梦想……,侧重遥远、不容易实现的憧憬,后接 doing。 hope to do:希望……,侧重现实中有可能实现的期盼,后接 to do。 wish to do:但愿;希望,可用于难以实现的愿望,后接 to do;wish 还可用于虚拟语气。 07 Homework Review the words learned in this class. Preview the content for the next class. See you in the next class! null 77087.055 $