Unit 10 Learning to Be Grateful现在完成时Language in use课件-2025-2026学年中职英语语文版（2022）基础模块

哆 啦 A 梦 PRESENT PERFECT 现在完成时 情境导入 01 语法结构 02 过去分词 03 时间状语 04 易错对比 05 课堂练习 06 总结回顾 07 情景导入 Lead-in · Nobita's Questions Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 Doraemon, have you ever seen a UFO? Yes, I have seen one since I was a kid. ★ 注意 Doraemon 回答中蓝色标记的词 — 这就是 现在完成时！ 情境导入 Hello, Ken! Hi, George! Have you just been to the cinema? Yes, I have. 现在完成时 语法结构总览 Structure of Present Perfect Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 主语 Subject I / You / We / They He / She / It（用 has） 助动词 have / has 缩写: I've / He's 过去分词 V-ed done / gone / seen + + ✔ 肯定: S + have/has + V-ed ✘ 否定: S + have/has + not + V-ed ? 疑问: Have/Has + S + V-ed? ► 现在完成时 = 过去发生 + 现在仍有影响 肯定句 Affirmative Sentences Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 I have finished my homework. 主语　　助动词　　过去分词　　宾语 ① She has visited Beijing twice. 她去过北京两次。 ② We have learned English for three years. 我们学英语已经三年了。 ③ They have eaten lunch already. 他们已经吃过午饭了。 ※ 注意：He / She / It 用 has，其他人称用 have。 否定句 Negative Sentences Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 I have not finished my homework. 主语　　助动词+not　　过去分词　　宾语 ⬇ 常用缩写 ⬇ have not = haven't has not = hasn't ① He hasn't finished his work yet. 他还没完成他的工作。 ② I haven't seen that movie before. 我之前没看过那部电影。 ③ They haven't arrived yet. 他们还没到。 疑问句 Interrogative Sentences Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 Have you finished your homework? 将 have/has 提前到主语之前 ✔ 肯定回答 Yes, I have. ✘ 否定回答 No, I haven't. ① Have you ever been to Shanghai? — Yes, I have. / No, I haven't. ② Has she finished her homework? — Yes, she has. / No, she hasn't. ③ Have they seen this film before? — Yes, they have. / No, they haven't. 过去分词 · 规则变化 Regular Past Participles Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 ✎ 大多数动词按以下 4 条规则变化 ✎ 一般情况 work → worked clean → cleaned 直接加 -ed 以 e 结尾 live → lived dance → danced 只加 -d 辅+y 结尾 study → studied carry → carried 变 y 为 i 再加 -ed 重读闭音节 stop → stopped 双写末尾字母+ed ※ 注意：动词过去式与过去分词的 规则变化完全相同 ！ 不规则动词 Irregular Past Participles Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 ◆ 重点记忆 · 初中阶段必背30词（以下精选12个） 原形 过去式 过去分词 中文 go went gone 去 see saw seen 看见 eat ate eaten 吃 do did done 做 take took taken 拿/带走 give gave given 给 come came come 来 run ran run 跑 buy bought bought 买 make made made 制作 read read read 读 write wrote written 写 写出下列单词的过去式过去分词 am/is do feel take have go see make eat put pay catch was-been did-done felt-felt took-taken had-had went-gone saw-seen made-made ate-eaten put-put paid-paid caught-caught 时间状语总览 Time Adverbs · Already/Yet/Ever/Never/Since/For Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 ◆ 哆啦A梦百宝袋 · 6 个时间状语 already 已经 用于肯定句 yet 还；已经 用于否定/疑问句 ever 曾经 常用于疑问句 never 从未 用于否定句 since 自从…以来 后接时间点 for 达…之久 后接时间段 ※ already / yet 表示"完成"；ever / never 表示"经验"；since / for 表示"持续"。 ever, never, already; just, before; yet; recently 等 since+时间点; for+ 一段时间 in the past/last+ 段时间 so far 到目前为止 含有already,just,yet等的现在完成时 just表示“刚刚”，already表示“已经”，两者都用于肯定句中，一般是置于have/has之后。 yet表示“还未”，有“以后可能会”的含义，用于否定句和疑问句中，一般是置于句末。 already & yet Completion · 完成 Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 ✔ already 已经 ◆ 用于 肯定句 ，句中或句尾 I have already finished my homework. 我已经完成作业了。 She has already gone home. 她已经回家了。 ◇ yet 还；尚未 ◆ 用于 否定 / 疑问句 ，句尾 I haven't finished my homework yet. 我还没完成作业。 Have you finished it yet? 你做完了吗？ ► already = "已经做了"（惊喜）；yet = "还没做"（期待）。 since & for Duration · 持续 Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 2015 → 2026（现在） since 自从…以来 ◆ 后接时间点（起点） I have lived here since 2015. 我从2015年就一直住在这里。 She has worked here since last year. 她从去年开始就在这里工作。 for 达…之久 ◆ 后接时间段（多久） I have lived here for 11 years. 我在这里住了11年。 She has worked here for two years. 她在这里工作两年了。 since 和for 的区别 注：since 和for 的区别 since后+时间点，如：2001，yesterday， last week, the time I got there, November等 表示”自从” for后+一段时间，表示“长达多久” 如ten years. three days, a while等 1. 巩固练习 用never, ever, already, just, yet, for, since填空 1. I have ____________ seen him before, so I have no idea about him. 2. Jack has _________ finished his homework. 3. Mr. Wang has taught in this school ________ ten years. 4. “Have you _____________ seen the film?” “No, I have _____________ seen it.” 5. “Has the bus left ____________?” “Yes, it has ______________ left.” never just for ever never yet already 易错对比之现在完成时 vs 一般过去时 Present Perfect vs. Simple Past Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 现在完成时 Present Perfect 强调过去→现在的联系 I have eaten lunch. 我已经吃过午饭了。 （现在不饿） ◷ 常用： already / yet / ever / never / since / for 一般过去时 Simple Past 强调过去某时发生的动作 I ate lunch yesterday. 我昨天吃了午饭。 （陈述过去事实） ◷ 常用： yesterday / last week / ago / 过去时间点 ► 口诀：有联系用完成，纯过去用过去。 易错对比 Common Mistakes · 三大陷阱 Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 ① have been to vs have gone to ✘ I have gone to Beijing.（还在北京） → ✔ I have been to Beijing.（去过回来了） ✘ He has been to Shanghai.（表达不符） → ✔ He has gone to Shanghai.（去了还没回） ② 短暂动词 vs 延续性动词（与 for/since 连用时） ✘ I have bought it for 3 years. → ✔ I have had it for 3 years. ✘ He has joined the club since 2020. → ✔ He has been in the club since 2020. ③ 时间状语位置与搭配 ✘ Yet I have finished it.（yet 不在句首） → ✔ I have already finished it. ✘ I have lived here since 3 years. → ✔ I have lived here for 3 years. 微课（课件）名 I have left the school for eight years. I have been away for eight years. 与一段时间连用时，要使用延续性动词 Left------be away I have left the school . √ 延续性动词与非延续性动词（短暂性动词） Watch and think 1. ①How long have you borrowed the book? (×) ②How long have you kept the book? (√) 2. ①I have bought this bike since 2017.(×) ②I have had this bike since 2017.(√) ③I haven’t bought anything new since 2017. (√) 3. ①My pet dog has died for three years.(×) ②My pet dog has been dead for three years .(√) ③My pet dog has died. (√) 练习一 · 选择填空 Exercise 1 · Multiple Choice (10 items) Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 1. I ______ already ______ lunch. (A) have / had (B) has / had (C) have / have (D) has / have ▶ 答案：A 2. ______ you ever ______ to Paris? (A) Have / been (B) Has / been (C) Have / be (D) Do / been ▶ 答案：A 3. He ______ never ______ sushi before. (A) have / eaten (B) has / ate (C) has / eaten (D) have / eat ▶ 答案：C 4. We ______ here ______ 2018. (A) live / for (B) have lived / since (C) lived / since (D) have lived / for ▶ 答案：B 5. My father ______ just ______ a new car. (A) has / bought (B) have / bought (C) has / buy (D) had / bought ▶ 答案：A 6. She hasn't finished her homework ______. (A) already (B) ever (C) yet (D) never ▶ 答案：C 7. They ______ in this city ______ five years. (A) lived / for (B) have lived / for (C) have lived / since (D) live / since ▶ 答案：B 8. ______ your mother ______ to Hong Kong? (A) Has / been (B) Have / been (C) Has / gone (D) Did / go ▶ 答案：A 9. I ______ this book ______ Monday. (A) have read / since (B) read / for (C) have read / for (D) am reading / since ▶ 答案：A 10. Tom and Jerry ______ already ______ the movie. (A) has / seen (B) have / saw (C) have / seen (D) has / saw ▶ 答案：C 练习二 · 句型转换 Exercise 2 · Sentence Transformation (5 items) Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 1. I have finished my homework. → 否定句 ▶ I haven't finished my homework. 2. She has visited Beijing twice. → 一般疑问 ▶ Has she visited Beijing twice? 3. Have you ever been to Shanghai? → 肯定回答 ▶ Yes, I have. 4. They have lived here since 2010. → 否定句 ▶ They haven't lived here since 2010. 5. He has just arrived. → 一般疑问 ▶ Has he just arrived? ※ 转换口诀： 否定加 not，疑问提前 have/has 。 练习三 · 情景写作 Exercise 3 · Situational Writing Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 ✎ 用所给词 + 现在完成时写句子 情境 ① 假设你是大雄，告诉哆啦A梦你今天的状态："你今天已经吃过午饭了吗？"（用 yet 回答） ※ 提示词：have / lunch / already / yet ▶ Have you had lunch yet? / Yes, I have already had lunch. 情境 ② 向朋友介绍你的爱好和经历：用 since / for 表达你学习英语多长时间了 ※ 提示词：I / learn / English / since / for ▶ I have learned English since Grade Three / for four years. 情境 ③ 介绍你从未有过的经历：用 never 说出你从未做过的事（自由发挥） ※ 提示词：I / never / see / eat / be to... ▶ I have never been to a foreign country. / I have never eaten snake. 写出下列短暂性动词转换成延续性动词后的现在完成时 1. borrow — keep 现完 . 2. buy — have 现完 . 3. catch a cold —have a cold 现完 . 4. begin/start — be on 现完 . 5. die — be dead 现完 . 6. finish — be over 现完 . 7. fall ill — be ill 现完 . 8. make friends —be friends 现完 . 9. come — be in/at 现完 . 10.leave /go— be away 现完 . have/has kept have/has had have/has been on have/has been ill have/has been over have/has been dead have/has been friends have/has had a cold have/has been in/at have/has been away 总结 · 思维导图 Summary · Mind Map Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 现在完成时 Present Perfect ① 构成 have/has + 过去分词 ② 句型 肯定 / 否定 / 疑问 ③ 时间状语 already/yet/ever/never/since/for ④ 对比 现在完成 vs 一般过去 课后作业 Homework · 三项任务 Present Perfect Tense · 现在完成时 ▪ 完成以下 3 项作业，明天交回 作业一 ① 抄写不规则动词表 把 P9 页的 12 个不规则动词（go/see/eat/do/take/give 等）的过去式 + 过去分词抄写 3 遍。 作业二 ② 完成练习册 完成课本同步练习：现在完成时专项题（第 18-20 页），家长签字。 加油！ ★ Class is over! $