专题01 单项选择（期中真题汇编，河南专用）高二英语上学期

**基本信息** 精选河南郑州外国语学校高二上期中试题，聚焦词汇辨析与语法运用，15道单选题融合真实生活与文化情境，如谢蕾留学适应新文化、袁隆平杂交水稻等，强化语境中语言能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|15题|名词（adaptation/qualification）、形容词（severe/essential）、介词短语（Prior to）、语法（it is estimated that）|情境贴近文化与生活，如“中国杂交水稻产量”“饮食文化体验”，注重词汇在语境中的辨析与语法运用，适配期中基础巩固与能力检测|

专题01 单项选择 考点01 词汇辨析 名词词义辨析 1.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation, Xie Lei chose to live with a host family, who can help with her ________ to the new culture. A. departure B. outlook C. expense D. adaptation 2.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）Xie Lei is studying for a business ________ at a university in China and has come to our university on a year-long exchange programme. A. participation B. qualification C. expectation D. motivation 形容词词义辨析 3.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so ________ that more than 500 people died in ten days. A. initial B. abstract C. severe D. complex 介词短语辨析 4.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）________ coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed ________ American tastes. A. Prior to; suiting B. Regardless of; to suit C. Prior to; to suit D. Regardless of; suiting 考点02 语法运用 介词 5.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）Today, it ________ that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China ________ crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. A. estimates; is comprised of B. estimates; consists of C. is estimated; is consisted of D. is estimated; is comprised of 考点01 词汇辨析 名词词义辨析 6.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）One ________ of hybrids is that they usually ________ a higher yield than conventional crops. However, ________ it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. A. character; attain; that B. characteristic; attain; whether C. character; adjust; whether D. characteristic; adjust; that 7.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）Therefore, China needs more talented young people with a global ________ who are highly ________ with languages, have leadership and organisational skills, and have strong cultural awareness. A. initiative; overwhelming B. perspective; competent C. perspective; overwhelming D. initiative; competent 8.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）The sea bed was ________ with powerful nets and there was tremendous excitement on ________ . Though the crew were at first under the ________ that the lost ship had been found, the contents of the chest proved them wrong. A. pieced; chest; belonging B. torpedoed; salvage; instruction C. scoured; board; impression D. raised; submarine; operation 9.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）All these years, Eric had lived as a ________ . He used to ________ during the day and work at night, quite unaware of the fact ________ he had become the ghost of Endley. A. recluse; sleep; that B. regiment; sleeping; which C. recluse; sleep; which D. desert; sleeping; what 动词词义辨析 10.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）True eccentrics never deliberately set out ________ attention to themselves. They ________ social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary, ________ invariably wins them the love and respect of others, for they add colour to the dull routine of everyday life. A. drawing; haunt; which B. to draw; disregard; which C. to draw; disregard; that D. drawing; haunt; that 形容词词义辨析 11.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）In each place we went, we experienced wonderful local dishes, from Guangdong’s elegant dim sum — small servings of food in bamboo steamers — to the ________ stewed noodles in Henan. A. bold B. consistent C. fundamental D. exceptional 12.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition. They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than ________ minerals, and they often have less flavour as well. A. alternative B. intense C. essential D. convincing 考点01 词汇辨析 名词词义辨析 13.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）Richard Colson was one of the most notable ________ in our town ________ was known to us all ________ Dickie and his eccentricity had become legendary long before he died. A. figures; who; as B. eccentric; that; for C. figure; that; as D. eccentrics; whom; despite 动词词义辨析 14.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）________ who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and ________ the assistant severely. When Dickie was given the watch, he presented the assistant ________ the cloth bag. A. Recognizing; disregarded; at B. Recognized; dumped; with C. Recognized; instructed; at D. Recognizing; reprimanded; with 15.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）It took him four years to ________ this elaborate joke simply to prove ________ critics do not always know ________ they are talking about. A. confirm; what; that B. stage; that; what C. contain; which; that D. own; what; which / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题01 单项选择 考点01 词汇辨析 名词词义辨析 1.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）Although some foreign students live in campus accommodation, Xie Lei chose to live with a host family, who can help with her ________ to the new culture. A. departure B. outlook C. expense D. adaptation 【答案】D 【解析】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然有些外国学生住在校园宿舍，但谢蕾选择住在寄宿家庭，他们可以帮助她适应新文化。A. departure离开、启程；B. outlook观点、前景；C. expense花费、开支；D. adaptation适应、适应过程。根据“Xie Lei chose to live with a host family”和“to the new culture”可知，寄宿家庭帮助她适应新文化，adaptation表示“适应”，且“adaptation to”为固定搭配，符合语境。故选D项。 2.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）Xie Lei is studying for a business ________ at a university in China and has come to our university on a year-long exchange programme. A. participation B. qualification C. expectation D. motivation 【答案】B 【解析】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：谢蕾正在中国一所大学攻读商务资格证书，并且来到我们大学参加为期一年的交换项目。A. participation参与；B. qualification资格、学历证书；C. expectation期待；D. motivation动机。根据“studying for（攻读、学习以获得）”以及“at a university in China”可知，此处是“通过学习获取某种资格或证书”，“qualification”表示“资格、学历证书”符合语境。故选B项。 形容词词义辨析 3.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）Snow began by marking on a map the exact places where all those who died had lived. He discovered that in two particular streets the cholera outbreak was so ________ that more than 500 people died in ten days. A. initial B. abstract C. severe D. complex 【答案】C 【解析】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：斯诺首先在地图上标出所有死者的准确居住地点。他发现，在两条特定的街道上，霍乱疫情极为严重，十天内就有500多人死亡。A. initial最初的；B. abstract抽象的；C. severe严重的；D. complex复杂的。根据“more than 500 people died in ten days.”可知，十天内500多人死亡说明疫情的严重程度，severe表示“严重的”符合语境。故选C项。 介词短语辨析 4.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）________ coming to China, my only experience with Chinese cooking was in America, with Chinese food that had been changed ________ American tastes. A. Prior to; suiting B. Regardless of; to suit C. Prior to; to suit D. Regardless of; suiting 【答案】C 【解析】 考查介词短语、非谓语动词及固定搭配。句意：来中国之前，我唯一接触中国菜的经历是在美国，那里的中国菜已经被改良以迎合美国人的口味。第一空“Prior to”意为“在……之前”，契合“来中国前的经历”语境，Regardless of意为“不管、不顾”语义不符，排除B、D选项。第二空“be changed to do sth.”是固定用法，不定式“to suit”表目的，意为“被改良以迎合……”；现在分词“suiting”不能表目的，排除A选项。故选C项。 考点02 语法运用 介词 5.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）Today, it ________ that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China ________ crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China’s farmers to produce around 200 million tons of rice per year. A. estimates; is comprised of B. estimates; consists of C. is estimated; is consisted of D. is estimated; is comprised of 【答案】D 【解析】 考查短语辨析和固定句型。句意：据估计，如今中国国内约60%的大米消费是由袁隆平的杂交水稻品种生产的作物，他的品种使中国农民每年能够生产约2亿吨大米。第一空处“it is estimated that...”为固定句型，意为“据估计……”，排除A、B项；be comprised of和consist of都有“由……组成”的意思，但consist of没有被动语态，排除C项。故选D项。 考点01 词汇辨析 名词词义辨析 6.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）One ________ of hybrids is that they usually ________ a higher yield than conventional crops. However, ________ it was possible to develop a hybrid of self-pollinating plants such as rice was a matter of great debate. A. character; attain; that B. characteristic; attain; whether C. character; adjust; whether D. characteristic; adjust; that 【答案】B 【解析】 考查名词、动词词义辨析及宾语从句连接词。句意：杂交作物的一个特点是它们通常比传统作物产量更高。然而，是否有可能培育出水稻等自花授粉植物的杂交品种，这是一个备受争议的问题。第一空为名词作主语，“characteristic”侧重“事物的特性、特点”，契合“杂交作物的属性”语境；“character”侧重“人的性格、品格”，排除A、C选项。第二空为谓语动词，“attain”意为“获得、达到”，搭配“higher yield（更高产量）”合理；“adjust”意为“调整”，与“产量”搭配不当，排除D选项。第三空引导主语从句，从句中不缺主语和宾语，但句意不完整，结合“a matter of great debate”可知，此处表“是否可能”，需用“whether”；“that”无“是否”含义，不符合语义，排除A、D选项。故选B项。 7.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）Therefore, China needs more talented young people with a global ________ who are highly ________ with languages, have leadership and organisational skills, and have strong cultural awareness. A. initiative; overwhelming B. perspective; competent C. perspective; overwhelming D. initiative; competent 【答案】B 【解析】 考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，中国需要更多具有全球视野、精通语言、具有领导和组织能力以及强烈文化意识的有才华的年轻人。initiative n.主动性；overwhelming adj.压倒性的；perspective n.视角、观点；competent adj.有能力的、能胜任的。根据语境，这里说的是中国需要年轻人有全球“视角”，所以第一空用名词perspective作宾语；而“精通语言”应该用be competent with，所以第二空用形容词competent作表语。故选B项。 8.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）The sea bed was ________ with powerful nets and there was tremendous excitement on ________ . Though the crew were at first under the ________ that the lost ship had been found, the contents of the chest proved them wrong. A. pieced; chest; belonging B. torpedoed; salvage; instruction C. scoured; board; impression D. raised; submarine; operation 【答案】C 【解析】 考查名词、动词词义辨析。句意：海底用强力渔网仔细搜寻过，船上弥漫着巨大的兴奋之情。尽管船员们一开始以为失踪的船找到了，但箱子里的东西证明他们错了。A. pieced 拼凑；chest 箱子；belonging 财产；B. torpedoed 用鱼雷攻击；salvage 打捞；instruction 指示；C. scoured 搜寻、勘察；board 船；impression 印象、看法；D. raised 举起；submarine 潜艇；operation 操作。第一空结合“The sea bed”和“with powerful nets”可知，此处使用“scoured”符合“用渔网在海底搜寻失踪船只”的场景；第二空“on board”为固定搭配，指“在船上”，契合“船员们在船上”的语境；第三空“under the impression that”是固定短语，意为“以为、认为”，符合“船员们一开始以为找到失踪船只”的语义。故选C项。 9.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）All these years, Eric had lived as a ________ . He used to ________ during the day and work at night, quite unaware of the fact ________ he had become the ghost of Endley. A. recluse; sleep; that B. regiment; sleeping; which C. recluse; sleep; which D. desert; sleeping; what 【答案】A 【解析】 考查名词词义辨析、固定短语和同位语从句。句意：这些年来，埃里克一直过着隐居者的生活。他过去常常白天睡觉，晚上工作，完全没有意识到自己已经成了恩德利的幽灵。根据后文“他过去常常白天睡觉，晚上工作”可知，埃里克过着“隐居者”一样的生活，表示“隐居者”用recluse，regiment意为“军团”，desert意为“沙漠”，第一空用recluse；第二空中used to do为固定短语，意为“过去常常做某事”，故使用动词原形sleep；第三空中引导同位语从句，对fact的内容进行解释，that不作成分，只起到引导作用。故选A。 动词词义辨析 10.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）True eccentrics never deliberately set out ________ attention to themselves. They ________ social conventions without being conscious that they are doing anything extraordinary, ________ invariably wins them the love and respect of others, for they add colour to the dull routine of everyday life. A. drawing; haunt; which B. to draw; disregard; which C. to draw; disregard; that D. drawing; haunt; that 【答案】B 【解析】 考查非谓语动词、动词辨析和定语从句。句意：真正的怪人从不故意引起别人的注意。他们无视社会习俗，却没有意识到自己在做任何不寻常的事情，这总是为他们赢得他人的爱和尊重，因为他们为枯燥的日常生活增添了色彩。set out to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“开始做某事”，所以第一空用不定式to draw；haunt意为“常出没”，disregard意为“忽视，无视”，描述习惯性行为用一般现在时态；第三空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子，关系词在从句中作主语，所以用关系代词which引导从句。故选B项。 形容词词义辨析 11.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）In each place we went, we experienced wonderful local dishes, from Guangdong’s elegant dim sum — small servings of food in bamboo steamers — to the ________ stewed noodles in Henan. A. bold B. consistent C. fundamental D. exceptional 【答案】D 【解析】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：每到一个地方，我们都品尝到了美味的当地菜肴，从广东精致的点心——竹制蒸笼里的小份食物，到河南美味绝伦的烩面。A. bold大胆的；B. consistent一致的；C. fundamental基本的；D. exceptional卓越的、非凡的。根据前文“wonderful local dishes”可知，此处指的是夸赞各地美食，空格需体现河南烩面的出色特质，exceptional表示“超出一般水平的优秀”，与“wonderful”形成语义呼应，符合语境。故选D项。 12.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）As for chemical fertilisers, crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition. They may look beautiful on the outside, but inside there is usually more water than ________ minerals, and they often have less flavour as well. A. alternative B. intense C. essential D. convincing 【答案】C 【解析】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：至于化肥，用它们种植的作物通常长得太快，营养不丰富。它们外表可能看起来很好，但内部通常水分多于必需的矿物质，而且味道也往往更淡。A. alternative可供替代的；B. intense强烈的；C. essential必需的、基本的；D. convincing有说服力的。根据“crops grown with them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition.”以及“minerals”可知，作物生长过快，缺乏营养，所以此处指的是“矿物质”是作物生长不可或缺的，essential表示“必需的”符合语境。故选C项。 考点01 词汇辨析 名词词义辨析 13.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）Richard Colson was one of the most notable ________ in our town ________ was known to us all ________ Dickie and his eccentricity had become legendary long before he died. A. figures; who; as B. eccentric; that; for C. figure; that; as D. eccentrics; whom; despite 【答案】A 【解析】 考查名词，定语从句以及固定短语。句意：Richard Colson是我们镇上最杰出的人物之一，大家都称他为Dickie。他的古怪行为早在他去世之前就已经广为人知，并且成为了当地的一段传奇故事。第一空中构成“one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”的结构，意为“最……之一”，根据句意，此处表示“Richard Colson是我们镇上最杰出的人物之一”，表示“人物”用figure，eccentric意为“古怪的人”，二者名词复数都可以使用；但第二空中引导的是限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作主语，修饰先行词Richard Colson，为人，引导词用that或者who；第三空中构成be known as的固定结构，意为“被称为；作为……而知名”，despite意为“尽管”，be known for意为“因为……而知名”都不符合题意。故选A。 动词词义辨析 14.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）________ who the customer was, the manager was most apologetic and ________ the assistant severely. When Dickie was given the watch, he presented the assistant ________ the cloth bag. A. Recognizing; disregarded; at B. Recognized; dumped; with C. Recognized; instructed; at D. Recognizing; reprimanded; with 【答案】D 【解析】 考查非谓语动词、动词词义辨析及固定搭配。句意：经理认出了顾客是谁，于是极力道歉，并严厉斥责了店员。当迪基拿到手表时，他把那个布袋递给了店员。第一空为非谓语动词作状语，主语“the manager”与动词“recognize”是主动关系，需用现在分词“Recognizing”，排除B、C选项；第二空“reprimanded”意为“斥责、训斥”，契合“顾客身份明确后批评店员”的语境；disregarded意为“忽视”、dumped意为“丢弃”、instructed意为“指导”均不符合语义，排除A、B、C选项；第三空是固定搭配“present sb. with sth.”意为“把某物递给某人”符合句意，“at”不能用于该搭配，排除A、C选项。故选D项。 15.（25-26高二上·河南郑州外国语学校·期中）It took him four years to ________ this elaborate joke simply to prove ________ critics do not always know ________ they are talking about. A. confirm; what; that B. stage; that; what C. contain; which; that D. own; what; which 【答案】B 【解析】 考查动词词义辨析和宾语从句。句意：他花了四年时间策划这个精心设计的玩笑，只是为了证明评论家并不总是知道他们在谈论什么。第一空位于不定式符号to之后，为动词原形，stage意为“策划、举办”，契合“设计玩笑”的语境；confirm意为“确认”、contain意为“包含”、own意为“拥有”均不符合语义，排除A、C、D选项。第二空引导宾语从句，从句不缺成分，语义完整，需用that引导；第三空引导宾语从句，从句中“talking about”缺少宾语，需用连接代词what表示“……的事情”。故选B项。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题01单项选择 基础必练 考点01词汇辨析 1.【答案】D 2.【答案】B 3.【答案】C 4.【答案】C 考点02语法运用 5.【答案】D 进阶提升 考点01词汇辨析 6.【答案】B 7.【答案】B 8.【答案】C 9.【答案】A 10.【答案】B 11.【答案】D 12.【答案】C 拓展培优 考点01词汇辨析 13.【答案】A 14.【答案】D 112 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 15.【答案】B 2/2