专题04 阅读理解（议论文）（期中真题汇编，河南专用）九年级英语上学期

**基本信息** 九年级期中英语阅读理解议论文汇编，涵盖人与社会（科学文化、学习策略、社会现象）、人与自然（环境保护）主题，精选河南多地期中真题，聚焦语言能力与思维品质培养。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解（议论文）|每篇5题|细节理解、主旨大意、词义猜测、推理判断|情境贴近社会热点（如太空殖民、老龄化、环保），问题设计梯度分明（基础到高阶推理），适配九年级期中检测需求|

专题04 阅读理解（议论文） 主题01 人与社会——科学文化 Passage 1 （25-26九年级上·驻马店市汝南县·期中） Do you think native English speakers are best at speaking the English language? Some experts (专家) believe that when it comes to successfully communicating in English, non-native speakers are actually easier to understand. “Often you have a room full of people from different countries communicating in English and all understand each other. And when suddenly the American or British person walks into the room and nobody can understand them,” Chia Susan Chong, an English culture expert, told the BBC． Chong said this happens because non-native speakers communicate more carefully. “English speakers, on the other hand, often talk too fast, use slang (说俚语) and mention their countries that others may not understand.” Chong said. As an Australian living in China, this is something that I keep in mind when talking to my Chinese colleagues. I’m careful to speak slowly and use words. I know they will understand. But sometimes, we confuse (使困惑) each other. Once, I told my colleague, which is slang for “no problem”. However, she thought I was calling her a drama queen (大惊小怪的人) and got upset. But don’t worry. Experts say that it’s the native speakers’ fault (错误) if they can’t understand you, not yours. “English speakers with no other language never have the awareness (意识) to speak English internationally,” English language teacher Dale Coulter told the BBC． The best way to avoid any trouble might be to ask for some patience. If you find it difficult to understand an English speaker, don’t be afraid to ask them to slow down and speak clearly. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start this passage? A．By asking a question. B．By listing a number. C．By giving a reason. D．By showing an example. 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．How people from different countries prepare for English communication in a room. B．An expert describes a phenomenon (现象): non-native English speakers can understand each other but find it hard to understand native speakers. C．Why American and British people like to use fast speech and slang in daily talks D．The differences between the English used by native speakers and non-native speakers. 3．Which of the following can take the place of “communicate” in Paragraph 3? A．Travel. B．Study. C．Talk. D．Work. 4．Tom can’t understand a native English speaker. How could he solve his problem according to the text? A．By avoiding communicating with native speakers. B．By asking the native speaker to slow down and speak clearly. C．By learning more English slang quickly. D．By pretending to understand and nodding. 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．Native speakers communicate more carefully. B．If you can’t understand native speakers, it’s your fault. C．Sometimes slang isn’t proper for international communication. D．Dale Coulter has no idea of how to speak English internationally. 主题02 人与社会——学习策略 Passage 1 （25-26九年级上·河南省实验中学·期中） At an early age, we start learning how to manage money by watching our parents’ spending habits. Don’t worry if we haven’t learned well how to save or spend money. The following life lessons about money can help us form good spending habits. Money doesn’t grow on trees. As kids, we don’t often think about where money comes from. We need to know that our parents work hard to make money, and that it may be used up one day. Going to their workplaces to watch how they work is a great way to understand money is not that easy to make. We shouldn’t spend all our money in one go. It’s important for us to have a budget (预算) . In other words, we need to think about how much money we have and what we really want to spend it on. Realizing that our pocket money can’t cover everything we want, we should make smart spending choices. We should set a clear goal and watch our money grow. If we wish to own a new bicycle but can’t afford it, we can save our pocket money. How? Write down how much money we have in a notebook and watch it grow. After we have enough, we can buy that wonderful bicycle we’ve dreamed about! Reaching our goal will greatly satiate us. We can talk with our parents about how money is used and where money goes. Do you know what a bank account (账户) is? If not, communicate with our parents. We can also go to the supermarket with our parents to experience how money is spent in the real world. Without doubt, we should treat money in a right way. Actually, learning about money isn’t a hard job. From these lessons, we can get a sense of money management and right money values step by step! 1．Where does money come from according to the text? A．Parents’ hard work. B．Kids’ life lessons. C．Good spending habits. D．The bank account. 2．What does the writer want kids to do by giving the example of buying a bicycle? A．Buy a wonderful notebook. B．Make a free spending choice. C．Set a goal of saving money. D．Have an experience of shopping. 3．What does the underlined word “satiate” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Relax. B．Interest. C．Surprise. D．Satisfy. 4．Which of the following will the writer probably agree with? A．Adults can make money grow more. B．Kids should have a money spending plan. C．Parents may give kids lots of pocket money. D．Supermarkets will be places to change money. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Causes of Spending Money B．Ways of Managing Money C．Purposes of Treating Money D．Conditions of Saving Money Passage 2 （22-23九年级上·河南驻马店·期中） What’s the most important thing for you to have in your life? Somebody mentions hard-work, others suggest knowledge, love and luck. If you arrange（排列）the 26 English letters alphabetically（按字母表的顺序地）and use numbers to represent each of them, for example, 1 for a. 2 for b. 3 for c…you can change an English word into a number. So hard-work becomes 8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11=98, meaning 98 is its mark; knowledge: 11+14+15+23+12+5+4+7+5=96. While love: 12+15+22+5=54, and luck: 12+21+3+11=47, a small mark. None of these words can give us a full mark. What about money or prayer（祈祷）? They can’t, either. Then what else? Don’t be worried. You can always find an answer to a problem in your life, when you change your way of looking at things or doing things, or your attitude（态度）. Yes, attitude is the word. See for yourself: attitude: 1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5=100, a full mark. Different attitudes lead to different courses of life. Most times people hope for a better life. It is possible that one will have a change for the better after one has changed one’s attitude. When you change your manner and became friendly to others, you will meet more smiling faces to you. In the same way, if you take a positive（积极的）attitude to failure, you’ll find it’s also rewarding though it has caused you losses. As we all know, a good attitude is the beginning of success. Attitude is everything. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Which of the following is not mentioned in the first paragraph? A．Hard-work. B．Money. C．Knowledge. D．Love. 2．How can we solve a problem in our life according to the writer? A．Study math. B．Have different attitudes. C．Change the way how we look at things. D．Learn from others. 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．None of the words in English can give us a full mark. B．Failure is not rewarding. C．The word “hard-work” doesn’t have the highest mark. D．Nobody thinks attitude is the most important. 4．What does the underlined word “ represent” mean in the passage? A．出现 B．代表 C．（使）连接 D．存在 5．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Failures lead to success. B．People hope for a better life. C．How important a good attitude is! D．Your life will be changed if you change your attitude. 主题03 人与社会——社会现象 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·河南·期中） Stephen Hawking, one of the world’s most famous scientists, believed that to live on, humans will one day have to move into space. “Once we spread out into space and set up independent colonies (定居点), our future should be safe,” he said. Today, the United States, Europe, Russia, China, and Japan are all planning to send astronauts back to Earth’s closest neighbor: the moon. Some of these countries want to create space stations there within the next 10 years. These stations will prepare humans to visit and later live on Mars or other Earth-like planets. Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, thinks humans should colonize (殖民) space. He wants to start with Mars. Why? He thinks sending people to Mars will allow us to learn a lot of things, for example, the ability of humans to live in a very different environment. At last, we could create new human societies on other planets. SpaceX is a company that builds rockets. Its founder and CEO, Elon Musk, also believes we should colonize Mars. He doesn’t want to send just “one little mission” though. His long-term goal is to put one million people on the planet in case something bad happens to us here on Earth. Not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a smart idea. Many say it’s too expensive. Also, most space trips are not short. A one-way trip to Mars, for example, would take at least six months. People traveling this kind of distance could face many health problems. In addition, these first people would find life extremely difficult in space. On the moon’s surface, for example, the sun’s rays are very dangerous. People would have to stay indoors most of the time. Despite these concerns, sending people into space seems certain. In the future, we might see lunar cities or even new human cultures on other planets. First stop: the moon. 1．What’s the main purpose (目的) of this passage? A．To give reasons for and against space colonization. B．To tell about what life would be like on the moon. C．To compare the environments of Mars and the moon. D．To let us know what the company SpaceX does. 2．Why are some countries planning to build lunar space stations? A．To learn more about the moon’s situation. B．To reduce the number of people living on Earth. C．To prepare humans to live on other planets. D．To show their technological strength. 3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 5? A．There are a few reasons not to send humans to space. B．A mission to Mars should be designed on a large scale. C．Many countries are planning missions to the moon. D．There are a number of reasons to travel to Mars. 4．What does “First stop: the moon” mean in the last paragraph? A．Everybody wants to visit the moon first. B．All spaceships to other planets have to stop at the moon first. C．The first place humans visit in space is the moon. D．The first human colony in space will likely be on the moon. 5．What’s the writer’s attitude toward sending people into space? A．The writer has a positive attitude. B．The writer has a negative attitude. C．The writer doesn’t mind it. D．We don’t know. Passage 2 （23-24九年级上·河南洛阳·期中） You probably have noticed it: Chongqing’s population has been aging fast. According to China’s latest national census (人口普查), up to 23.4 percent of the city’s residents (居民) are aged over 60. This number is expected to grow even further in the coming years. Chongqing is not alone. Many other cities around the world have been experiencing this same problem for some time now. Some people are worried about this. The elderly, they say, do very little for the nation’s economy (经济). The government, however, has to give them lots of retirement benefits (退休福利). But a recent survey shows that many people agree there are some advantages of having an aging population. With an aging population, younger people will have more chances to meet seniors in their daily lives. Through usual communication, the elderly can bring a wealth of useful life lessons to younger people. The young, at the same time, are given chances to see things differently. Besides, in many cultures, it’s normal for elderly parents to live with their children under the same roof. Their children may have already reached adulthood, but these gray-haired men and women continue to play an important role in their development. In some families, the elderly are taking care of their grandchildren. It’s reported that half of all the children in China’s cities live with their grandparents and are raised under their guidance. Thanks to the free childcare, working parents can contribute to the economy more. An aging population is often considered to be a headache. But perhaps it can be argued that there are also some benefits to it. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a story. B．By giving an example. C．By drawing a picture. D．By asking a question. 2．Why do some people worry about the aging population? A．Because they don’t want to take care of the elderly. B．Because they think the elderly can’t work any more. C．Because they think the elderly give less but receive more. D．Because they think the elderly are not as wise as the young. 3．What do the underlined words “contribute to” mean? A．Solve. B．Kill. C．Reduce. D．Help. 4．Which paragraphs introduce the advantages of having an aging population? A．Paragraphs 1 & 2. B．Paragraphs 2 & 3. C．Paragraphs 3 & 4. D．Paragraphs 4 & 5. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．Why isn’t the aging population that bad? B．How can we solve the aging problem? C．What has caused the aging population? D．What can the elderly teach us? Passage 3 （22-23九年级上·河南洛阳·期中） Most Chinese parents have great expectations of their children. When children are born, their parents have planned everything for them. It is common for parents to want their children to be successful. However, many children in China are unhappy. They live a planned life and are forced to fulfill the dreams. In my opinion, there are two sides to parents’ expectations. The expectations can encourage children to work harder for a better life. According to some studies, whether a child will be successful or not depends largely on his or her parents’ expectations. However, unrealistic（不切实际的）expectations can be harmful to children. Every child has his or her own thoughts and feelings. Parents’ expectations can take children’s freedom away. Wise parents allow their children to have some freedom. They encourage their children to do things they like to do and never judge them only by their grades. My parents’ expectations of me are to be happy, kind and healthy. They never put too much pressure on me, and I live a happy life. However, I have my own dreams. I keep working hard, though my parents do not force me to do so. I will never give up because my parents always encourage me when I am in trouble. In a word, I think parents’ expectations are necessary. However, parents should not give their children too much pressure. Instead, give them enough freedom. Parents must make sure their expectations of their children are realistic so that their children will not lose their self-confidence. 1．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “fulfill”? A．实现 B．补充 C．拥有 D．放弃 2．According to some studies, whether a child will be successful or not mainly depends on ________. A．his or her hard work B．his or her parents’ expectations C．his or her thoughts and feelings D．his or her parents’ family background 3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Parents’ expectations are necessary for children. B．Parents should judge their children only by their grades. C．Parents’ expectations make children have less freedom. D．Parents should encourage children to do things they like to do. 4．What are the author’s parents’ expectations of him? A．To become a successful person. B．To get better and better scores. C．To be happy, kind and healthy. D．To make his dream come true. 5．According to the author, parents’ expectations are ________. A．harmful B．normal C．necessary D．tiring 主题04 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （25-26九年级上·河南南阳·期中） Balloons (气球) are a symbol of celebration. People love to release (释放) colorful balloons for special events, such as festivals and ceremonies. Colorful balloons may look pretty, but they can bring about some serious problems. After balloons are released, they can end up hundreds of kilometers away from where they were released, causing great harm to the environment and wildlife. Popular helium (氦) balloons can travel up to 800km before they fall to earth. This means they can fly almost everywhere, including oceans, mountains and farmlands. Well, in our daily life, there are mainly two kinds of balloons. One is latex (乳胶) balloons. In fact, it will take them six months to four years to decompose (分解) and they can cause pollution before they do. The other is mylar balloons. They are a kind of plastic balloons which cannot be decomposed and almost stay in the environment forever. Besides the balloons themselves, the ribbons (丝带), which are used for tying balloons, are also made of plastic. All of these materials, if littered, can add to the amount of plastic waste in our environment. At the same time, it can result in the injury or death of animals. Balloons may break up into smaller pieces over time. Sea animals often mistake them for food, and if eaten, those small pieces can make them hard to breathe and then cause them to die. Besides, they can also easily get themselves caught in balloon ribbons. Even worse, it has been found that some birds are collecting balloon pieces, thinking that they’re food, and even feeding them to their babies. So, don’t release balloons any more so as to reduce the pollution and protect animals. Every small step we take can make the world better, healthier and cleaner. 1．Paragraph 2 mainly tells us that ________. A．helium balloons can fly very far away B．releasing balloons can produce rubbish C．balloons are very important in our daily life D．balloons can have a bad influence on a wide area 2．What’s the biggest difference between mylar balloons and latex balloons? A．Mylar balloons can’t be decomposed over time. B．Mylar balloons can be used for the second time. C．Mylar balloons’ pieces won’t turn into plastic waste. D．Mylar balloons’ pieces could cause the death of animals. 3．What does the underlined word “them” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Mylar balloons. B．Latex balloons. C．Balloon ribbons. D．All kinds of balloons. 4．Which of the following is not a result caused by released balloons? A．Adding to plastic waste in the environment. B．Causing injury or death to sea animals. C．Helping birds find more food for their babies. D．Making sea animals hard to breathe after eating balloon pieces. 5．What is the passage written for? A．To introduce two different kinds of balloons. B．To explain how balloons travel far away. C．To advise people not to release balloons to protect the environment and animals. D．To suggest using other eco-friendly items instead of balloons for celebrations. Passage 2 （23-24九年级上·河南平顶山·期中） Marketing tents (帐篷) as single-use should be stopped, festival organizers (组织者) say, as people continue to try to cut down on plastic at festivals. Single-use festival tents should not be used, to help avoid almost 900 tons of plastic waste each year, festival organizers have said. A group of more than 60 festivals across the UK have pushed supermarkets such as Argos and Tesco to stop marketing and selling single-use tents. Festival-goers are also encouraged to take their tents home at the end of the festival. About 250,000 tents are left at music festivals across the UK each year. Many are not collected and end up as waste. The average tent is made largely of plastic and weighs 3.5 kg. They are cheap and easy to get. A four man tent can be picked up on the street for as little as £30. The action to stop the tents ending up as waste starts with the Association of Independent Festivals (AIF). AIF’s 10-year report found 10% of people attending (参加) its festivals had left a tent behind during that year’s festival season. This works out as about 875 tons of plastic waste, which is the weight of 240 elephants. In 2018, the first year of a promise to cut down on plastic, festivals reported some important changes: 40% of those who had signed the promise stopped the sale of drinks in single-use plastic cups, 67% sold reusable drinks bottles, and 87% encouraged the use of reusable bottles. AIF CEO Paul Reed said, “The message here is not ‘to buy a more expensive tent’. Festival-goers can take action and cut down on plastic simply by taking their tent home and reusing it, making sure that it doesn’t become a single-use tent this summer.” 1．Why do festival organizers suggest stopping single-use tents? A．They are too heavy. B．They are too expensive. C．They end up as waste. D．They need much special plastic. 2．What are festival-goers asked to do? A．Stop using tents. B．Reuse their tents. C．Attend fewer festivals. D．Use tents just in summer. 3．The underlined phrase “picked up” has the closest meaning to “________”. A．bought B．carried C．collected D．used 4．What is the AIF trying to do? A．Protect elephants. B．Provide better tents. C．Cut down on plastic waste. D．Get more people to attend festivals. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Bottles Should Be Reused B．Tents Are Not for Festivals C．It’s Impossible to Stop Using Plastic D．It’s Time to Say No to Single-Use Tents 主题01 人与社会——社会现象 Passage 1 （22-23九年级上·河南新乡·期中） “What should I wear today?” That’s a question you might ask yourself in the morning. For some kids, the answer is the same every day — a school uniform. More than 10 years ago, 3 percent of all public schools in the US required that students wear uniforms. Now, that number is closer to 10 percent. Some people support the policy (政策), hoping that uniforms will encourage students to focus on (专注于) their work. Opponents, however, say students should be allowed to express themselves through their clothing. Yes! ◆ “My school has a strict uniform policy. At school my friends and I don’t have the need to discuss clothes, and we enjoy just being together and learning. The best thing I like about our uniform is the style, especially, the shirts and sweaters,” said fourth grade Clifton Harris. ◆ “It helps save parents’ money,” a mother said. ◆ “I think uniforms help students focus on their studies rather than their clothes,” Megan Mannion said. Her school, Rankin Elementary School, has had a uniform policy since 1995. No! ◆ “I think students should choose their own clothing styles, rather than be told to wear a specific uniform,” fifth grade Kaylie Vilayvong said. Her classmate Wade Fleetwood agrees. “Kids should be allowed to wear different styles of clothes.” ◆ Some parents are worried about the expense (花费). Most schools offer uniforms at a price between $24 and $26. “What’s the school going to do for people who can’t afford them?” asked a father. ◆ “Adults make their own clothing choices and are free to express themselves through their look,” a teacher said. “Students should be allowed to choose their own clothing, too.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What percent of public schools in the US ask students to wear uniforms? A．Far less than 3%. B．Nearly 3%. C．Nearly 10%. D．More than 10%. 2．What does the underlined word “Opponents” mean in Chinese? A．支持者 B．反对者 C．消费者 D．生产者 3．According to Clifton Harris, what’s the best thing about his school uniform? A．It has a good style. B．It is very comfortable. C．It saves money. D．It helps his studies. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Wade Fleetwood agrees that students should wear uniforms. B．Most schools in the US offer uniforms at a price of over $26. C．Teachers think students should choose their own clothing. D．Rankin Elementary School has had a school uniform policy for over 20 years. 5．How does the writer develop this passage? A．By telling some stories. B．By giving some examples. C．By introducing study results. D．By comparing different opinions. Passage 2 （21-22九年级上·河南漯河·期中） In American author Amy Chua’s 2011 book Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother, she talks about the “tiger moms”. This refers to（指的是）mothers who are strict with their children. The mothers believe that this encourages kids to become the best that they can be. Both of Amy Chua’s daughters ended up going to top US universities. Many people believe that Chua’s way is an example of how most Asian people raise their children. It is said that they often put their children’s studies above everything else. Western parents, on the other hand, are seen as caring more about their children’s self-esteem(自尊) and feelings . Of course, the truth is not that simple. Every parent has their own ways of raising their child—it doesn’t matter where they come from. I know one parent in the US, she is a friend of mine. She takes her daughter to all kinds of after-school activities, leaving her daughter with no time to herself. And there are plenty of Chinese parents who spoil(溺爱) their children. For example, some parents do basic tasks for their children, such as tying up their hair or tying their shoes, even when their kids are old enough to do such things. My own mother is a good example. She expected me to get high grades and pushed me to take piano lessons. But she was also generous(慷慨的) about allowing me to have some time to do what I wanted. In the end, I feel like I ended up becoming a better person because of this. Even those piano lessons that I disliked at first ended up helping me find my passion for music. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why are some moms called “tiger moms”? A．Because they are tigers’ moms. B．Because they are generous moms. C．Because they are strict with their children. D．Because they are stronger than others. 2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．The mothers. B．The kids. C．The tigers. D．The universities. 3．What can we know from the third paragraph? A．Some Chinese parents spoil their children. B．Educating children is parents’ work. C．American parents are strict with their children. D．Every parent has the same way of raising their children. 4．Which of the following is used to describe the writer’s mother? a. She expected the writer to get high grades. b. She pushed the writer to take piano lessons. c. She was also generous about what the writer wanted to do. d. She often compared the writer with others. A．a, c, d B．a, b, d C．b, c, d D．a, b, c 5．What does the word “passion” mean in the last paragraph? A．Rule. B．Trouble. C．Carelessness. D．Love. Passage 1 （21-22九年级上·河南郑州·期中） What will the world of tomorrow look like? Many people today believe that technology is going to help solve some of the most difficult problems we have on the earth today. New technology may solve old problems, and it may also create new ones.___________ Each has advantages and disadvantages, as these three examples. When we dream about the future, many of us think that we will be able to fly to the skies in our own personal flying car. We could fly at 480 km per hour, avoiding traffic lights and busy roads. However, there will be problems with traffic control. 3D printing is another new technology for the future. 3D printers are already used to make life—size models of car parts, and man-made body parts, such as ears. As we move into the future, 3D printing will change the way we make things and the way we treat sick people. The disadvantage is that such a machine is very expensive.  Finally, people are trying to build a robot suit. This is an electronic suit. It allows people to lift heavy things and walk a long way. It might help people walk again after an illness or an accident. However, one disadvantage at the moment is cost.  Looking ahead, it is easy to imagine a future. We’ll be able to fly to work, print out a new pair of shoes or lift a car above our heads. Although there are some problems to solve before all of this is possible, we can certainly dream of a world. In this world, technology makes people’s lives easier and safer. It can solve some of the most difficult problems we have today. 1．Which might be the missing sentence in Paragraph 1? ________ A．No technology is perfect. B．Technology causes lots of problems. C．We can’t live well without technology. D．New problems will be solved by technology. 2．What problems may people meet if the flying cars become popular according to Paragraph 2?________ A．More air pollution. B．Harder traffic control. C．More traffic lights. D．Busier roads. 3．What can a robot suit help people do? ________ ①Produce electricity. ②Lift heavy things. ③Walk a long way. ④Walk again after an illness. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 4．What is the structure (结构) of the text? P:paragraph. ________ A． B． C． D． 5．What does the writer think of new technology? ________ A．He doubts it. B．He doesn’t mind it. C．He can’t stand it. D．He looks forward to it. Passage 2 （23-24九年级上·河南濮阳·期中） Here are different opinions from different people on China’s changes. China, like India, was a developing country and day-to-day life always told us that things were in short supply in1977. China has lifted 740 million people out of poverty (贫困) in the last four decades (十年). It has become better and better. —An Indian friend “It’s much easier to travel to foreign countries now, and it’s not very expensive.” “When we were young, we wanted to travel to many places, but we failed to do so for many reasons” said a retired (退休的) Chinese man Mr. Qu. What has changed is that I did not have to attend after-school classes. At primary school, I had lots of homework. Also, when I was in middle school, I had to get up at 6 a.m. and didn’t get home until 9 p.m, but I had time to play sports with my friend, watch TV and read my favorite books and so on. Now, each parent wants their child to receive a better education, and with more parents sending their children to after-school classes, a strange, tiring and endless competition has appeared. So it is a great luxury for children to have their own time to relax and do sports. —Xiao Li from a university 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．China has lifted ________ people out of poverty in the last 40 years? A．740,000,000 B．740,000 C．seventy-four million D．7.4 billion 2．What does the old man think of travelling to foreign countries? A．Easy and expensive. B．Easier and cheap. C．Easy and cheap. D．Easier and expensive. 3．What time did Xiao Li get home when he was in middle school? A．At 9:00 p.m. B．At 7:00 p.m. C．At 6:00 p.m. D．At 10:00 p.m. 4．What does the underlined word “luxury” mean in Chinese? A．困难 B．奢侈 C．精彩 D．舒服 5．Where may this article be from? A．An ad. B．A science report. C．A newspaper D．A poster. Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·河南洛阳·期中） My dear boys and girls, good morning. Today I’m going to give you my suggestions about how to become stronger. As the high school entrance examination is coming soon, you might feel a bit worried or nervous. These feelings may make you stressed out and fail to focus on your studies. But think about it. Would your favorite superhero have these same feelings? Scientists have been studying what they call the “Spider-man Effect” in children. They’ve found that if kids imagine themselves as a powerful person-such as a superhero like Spider-man, they won’t feel so nervous and will be able to focus on their work. Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear. For example, if you feel nervous during an exam, try to imagine that you are Spider-man. You may find that you can “remove” the stress from this situation and feel more confident. This can help keep you fight off bad feelings and focus on your task, just like a superhero would. Of course, it doesn’t mean that you should dress like the Spider-man. Pretending to be powerful makes us feel powerful and that will have an influence on how we act in real life. But you don’t have to believe in superheroes for this. Anyone you admire can encourage you to get through hard times, or remind you of how you should act in certain situations. Movie stars, famous painters, even our own parents—anyone can be our “Spider-man”. For example, when it comes to how I communicate with others, I like to look toward my mom for inspiration. She is a middle school teacher who is always kind, thoughtful and brave. I try to act the same way like her. Thanks for your listening. I hope you can find your own strength to overcome the difficulties in your life. 1．This passage is probably ________. A．a story B．a speech C．a letter D．a diary 2．During a difficult exam, you can imagine yourself as Spider-man to ________. A．help people in need B．help yourself calm down and focus on your exam C．get superpowers and do well in the exam D．make yourself stronger and cleverer 3．The writer supports his idea in Paragraph 5 by ________. A．giving an example B．making a suggestion C．telling a story D．raising a question 4．According to the passage, we can infer that ________. A．scientists believe that the “Spider-man Effect” can help children focus on their work B．anyone you look up to can be your “Spider-man” C．the writer never have problems communicating with people D．children can become stronger and more confident by watching movies about superheroes 5．The passage is most probably written for ________. A．teachers B．parents C．children D．doctors 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（议论文） 参考答案 主题01 人与社会——科学文化 Passage 1：1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 主题02 人与社会——学习策略 Passage 1：1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B Passage 2：1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 主题03 人与社会——社会现象 Passage 1：1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A Passage 2：1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．A Passage 3：1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 主题04 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1：1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C Passage 2：1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 主题01 人与社会——社会现象 Passage 1：1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D Passage 2：1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D Passage 1：1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D Passage 2：1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C Passage 3：1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题04 阅读理解（议论文） 主题01 人与社会——科学文化 Passage 1 （25-26九年级上·驻马店市汝南县·期中） Do you think native English speakers are best at speaking the English language? Some experts (专家) believe that when it comes to successfully communicating in English, non-native speakers are actually easier to understand. “Often you have a room full of people from different countries communicating in English and all understand each other. And when suddenly the American or British person walks into the room and nobody can understand them,” Chia Susan Chong, an English culture expert, told the BBC． Chong said this happens because non-native speakers communicate more carefully. “English speakers, on the other hand, often talk too fast, use slang (说俚语) and mention their countries that others may not understand.” Chong said. As an Australian living in China, this is something that I keep in mind when talking to my Chinese colleagues. I’m careful to speak slowly and use words. I know they will understand. But sometimes, we confuse (使困惑) each other. Once, I told my colleague, which is slang for “no problem”. However, she thought I was calling her a drama queen (大惊小怪的人) and got upset. But don’t worry. Experts say that it’s the native speakers’ fault (错误) if they can’t understand you, not yours. “English speakers with no other language never have the awareness (意识) to speak English internationally,” English language teacher Dale Coulter told the BBC． The best way to avoid any trouble might be to ask for some patience. If you find it difficult to understand an English speaker, don’t be afraid to ask them to slow down and speak clearly. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start this passage? A．By asking a question. B．By listing a number. C．By giving a reason. D．By showing an example. 2．What does Paragraph 2 mainly talk about? A．How people from different countries prepare for English communication in a room. B．An expert describes a phenomenon (现象): non-native English speakers can understand each other but find it hard to understand native speakers. C．Why American and British people like to use fast speech and slang in daily talks D．The differences between the English used by native speakers and non-native speakers. 3．Which of the following can take the place of “communicate” in Paragraph 3? A．Travel. B．Study. C．Talk. D．Work. 4．Tom can’t understand a native English speaker. How could he solve his problem according to the text? A．By avoiding communicating with native speakers. B．By asking the native speaker to slow down and speak clearly. C．By learning more English slang quickly. D．By pretending to understand and nodding. 5．What can we infer from the passage? A．Native speakers communicate more carefully. B．If you can’t understand native speakers, it’s your fault. C．Sometimes slang isn’t proper for international communication. D．Dale Coulter has no idea of how to speak English internationally. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文是议论文，探讨英语交流现象：非英语母语者沟通时更容易互相听懂，母语者因语速快、多用俚语反而容易造成理解障碍，文中举例、分析原因并给出解决办法。 【详解】 1．根据第一段“Do you think native English speakers are best at speaking the English language?”可知，作者通过提出一个问题来开始这篇文章。 2．根据第二段“Often you have…can understand them”可知，来自不同国家的人用英语交流能互相理解，但当母语为英语的人（如美国人或英国人）进入房间时，却没人能听懂他们。选项B准确概括了这一现象。 3．根据“non-native speakers communicate more carefully”以及下文提到的“talk too fast”可知，这里的"communicate"指的是口头交流。C选项符合题意。 4．根据最后一段“The best way to avoid any trouble might be to ask for some patience. If you find it difficult to understand an English speaker, don’t be afraid to ask them to slow down and speak clearly.”可知，解决听不懂的方法是请对方慢下来并说清楚。 5．根据“母语者常使用俚语，导致各国外国人无法理解，说明俚语在国际交流中有时不合适。”可知，有时俚语不适合国际交流。C选项符合题意。 主题02 人与社会——学习策略 Passage 1 （25-26九年级上·河南省实验中学·期中） At an early age, we start learning how to manage money by watching our parents’ spending habits. Don’t worry if we haven’t learned well how to save or spend money. The following life lessons about money can help us form good spending habits. Money doesn’t grow on trees. As kids, we don’t often think about where money comes from. We need to know that our parents work hard to make money, and that it may be used up one day. Going to their workplaces to watch how they work is a great way to understand money is not that easy to make. We shouldn’t spend all our money in one go. It’s important for us to have a budget (预算) . In other words, we need to think about how much money we have and what we really want to spend it on. Realizing that our pocket money can’t cover everything we want, we should make smart spending choices. We should set a clear goal and watch our money grow. If we wish to own a new bicycle but can’t afford it, we can save our pocket money. How? Write down how much money we have in a notebook and watch it grow. After we have enough, we can buy that wonderful bicycle we’ve dreamed about! Reaching our goal will greatly satiate us. We can talk with our parents about how money is used and where money goes. Do you know what a bank account (账户) is? If not, communicate with our parents. We can also go to the supermarket with our parents to experience how money is spent in the real world. Without doubt, we should treat money in a right way. Actually, learning about money isn’t a hard job. From these lessons, we can get a sense of money management and right money values step by step! 1．Where does money come from according to the text? A．Parents’ hard work. B．Kids’ life lessons. C．Good spending habits. D．The bank account. 2．What does the writer want kids to do by giving the example of buying a bicycle? A．Buy a wonderful notebook. B．Make a free spending choice. C．Set a goal of saving money. D．Have an experience of shopping. 3．What does the underlined word “satiate” mean in Paragraph 4? A．Relax. B．Interest. C．Surprise. D．Satisfy. 4．Which of the following will the writer probably agree with? A．Adults can make money grow more. B．Kids should have a money spending plan. C．Parents may give kids lots of pocket money. D．Supermarkets will be places to change money. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Causes of Spending Money B．Ways of Managing Money C．Purposes of Treating Money D．Conditions of Saving Money 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．D 4．B 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，介绍了关于金钱管理的一些生活经验和建议，强调了金钱的来之不易，需要合理规划和使用，以及设定目标进行储蓄等观点。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据“We need to know that our parents work hard to make money”可知，金钱来自于父母的辛勤工作。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据“If we wish to own a new bicycle but can’t afford it, we can save our pocket money.”可知，如果我们想拥有一辆新自行车，但买不起，我们可以省下零花钱，作者希望孩子们通过购买自行车的例子设定一个储蓄的目标。故选C。 3．词句猜测题。根据“After we have enough, we can buy that wonderful bicycle we’ve dreamed about!”可知，划线部分单词意为“满足”，与Satisfy意思相近。故选D。 4．细节理解题。根据“We shouldn’t spend all our money in one go. It’s important for us to have a budget (预算) .”可知，我们不应该一次花光所有的钱，预算对我们来说很重要。因此作者认为孩子们应该有一个花钱的计划。故选B。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了我们应该如何理解和管理金钱，以及如何形成良好的消费习惯，所以最佳标题应该是“管理金钱的方式”。故选B。 Passage 2 （22-23九年级上·河南驻马店·期中） What’s the most important thing for you to have in your life? Somebody mentions hard-work, others suggest knowledge, love and luck. If you arrange（排列）the 26 English letters alphabetically（按字母表的顺序地）and use numbers to represent each of them, for example, 1 for a. 2 for b. 3 for c…you can change an English word into a number. So hard-work becomes 8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11=98, meaning 98 is its mark; knowledge: 11+14+15+23+12+5+4+7+5=96. While love: 12+15+22+5=54, and luck: 12+21+3+11=47, a small mark. None of these words can give us a full mark. What about money or prayer（祈祷）? They can’t, either. Then what else? Don’t be worried. You can always find an answer to a problem in your life, when you change your way of looking at things or doing things, or your attitude（态度）. Yes, attitude is the word. See for yourself: attitude: 1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5=100, a full mark. Different attitudes lead to different courses of life. Most times people hope for a better life. It is possible that one will have a change for the better after one has changed one’s attitude. When you change your manner and became friendly to others, you will meet more smiling faces to you. In the same way, if you take a positive（积极的）attitude to failure, you’ll find it’s also rewarding though it has caused you losses. As we all know, a good attitude is the beginning of success. Attitude is everything. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Which of the following is not mentioned in the first paragraph? A．Hard-work. B．Money. C．Knowledge. D．Love. 2．How can we solve a problem in our life according to the writer? A．Study math. B．Have different attitudes. C．Change the way how we look at things. D．Learn from others. 3．Which of the following is TRUE? A．None of the words in English can give us a full mark. B．Failure is not rewarding. C．The word “hard-work” doesn’t have the highest mark. D．Nobody thinks attitude is the most important. 4．What does the underlined word “ represent” mean in the passage? A．出现 B．代表 C．（使）连接 D．存在 5．What does the passage mainly tell us? A．Failures lead to success. B．People hope for a better life. C．How important a good attitude is! D．Your life will be changed if you change your attitude. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．C 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文作者通过一个数字游戏告诉我们，努力的工作、知识、爱和运气在生活中都很重要，但更重要的是人们对生活的态度。因此，如果我们要想生活得快乐，我们就需要对生活有一个正确的态度。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据“Somebody mentions hard-work, others suggest knowledge, love and luck.”可知在第一段提到了努力工作、知识、爱和运气。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“You can always find an answer to a problem in your life, when you change your way of looking at things or doing things, or your attitude”可知当你改变看待事情、做事的方式或态度时，你总能找到生活中问题的答案。故选C。 3．细节理解题。根据“So hard-work becomes 8+1+18+4+23+15+18+11=98, meaning 98 is its mark;”以及“See for yourself: attitude: 1+20+20+9+20+21+4+5=100, a full mark.”可知hard-work是98分，而attitude是100分，所以hard-work不是最高分。故选C。 4．词义猜测题。根据“use numbers to represent each of them, for example, 1 for a. 2 for b. 3 for c”可知是用数字代表字母，故此处划线部分意为“代表”。故选B。 5．主旨大意题。本文作者通过一个数字游戏告诉我们，努力的工作、知识、爱和运气在生活中都很重要，但更重要的是人们对生活的态度。故选C。 主题03 人与社会——社会现象 Passage 1 （24-25九年级上·河南·期中） Stephen Hawking, one of the world’s most famous scientists, believed that to live on, humans will one day have to move into space. “Once we spread out into space and set up independent colonies (定居点), our future should be safe,” he said. Today, the United States, Europe, Russia, China, and Japan are all planning to send astronauts back to Earth’s closest neighbor: the moon. Some of these countries want to create space stations there within the next 10 years. These stations will prepare humans to visit and later live on Mars or other Earth-like planets. Robert Zubrin, a rocket scientist, thinks humans should colonize (殖民) space. He wants to start with Mars. Why? He thinks sending people to Mars will allow us to learn a lot of things, for example, the ability of humans to live in a very different environment. At last, we could create new human societies on other planets. SpaceX is a company that builds rockets. Its founder and CEO, Elon Musk, also believes we should colonize Mars. He doesn’t want to send just “one little mission” though. His long-term goal is to put one million people on the planet in case something bad happens to us here on Earth. Not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a smart idea. Many say it’s too expensive. Also, most space trips are not short. A one-way trip to Mars, for example, would take at least six months. People traveling this kind of distance could face many health problems. In addition, these first people would find life extremely difficult in space. On the moon’s surface, for example, the sun’s rays are very dangerous. People would have to stay indoors most of the time. Despite these concerns, sending people into space seems certain. In the future, we might see lunar cities or even new human cultures on other planets. First stop: the moon. 1．What’s the main purpose (目的) of this passage? A．To give reasons for and against space colonization. B．To tell about what life would be like on the moon. C．To compare the environments of Mars and the moon. D．To let us know what the company SpaceX does. 2．Why are some countries planning to build lunar space stations? A．To learn more about the moon’s situation. B．To reduce the number of people living on Earth. C．To prepare humans to live on other planets. D．To show their technological strength. 3．What’s the main idea of Paragraph 5? A．There are a few reasons not to send humans to space. B．A mission to Mars should be designed on a large scale. C．Many countries are planning missions to the moon. D．There are a number of reasons to travel to Mars. 4．What does “First stop: the moon” mean in the last paragraph? A．Everybody wants to visit the moon first. B．All spaceships to other planets have to stop at the moon first. C．The first place humans visit in space is the moon. D．The first human colony in space will likely be on the moon. 5．What’s the writer’s attitude toward sending people into space? A．The writer has a positive attitude. B．The writer has a negative attitude. C．The writer doesn’t mind it. D．We don’t know. 【答案】1．A 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．A 【导语】本文主要探讨了人类是否应该进行太空殖民，并列举了支持和反对的观点。 【详解】 1．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文既提到了支持太空殖民的观点，也提到了反对的理由。因此，文章的主要目的是给出支持和反对太空殖民的理由。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段“These stations will prepare humans to visit and later live on Mars or other Earth-like planets.”可知，建立月球空间站的目的是为人类在其他星球上生活做准备。故选C。 3．段落大意题。根据第五段“Not everyone thinks sending humans into space is a smart idea. Many say it’s too expensive...People traveling this kind of distance could face many health problems...On the moon’s surface, for example, the sun’s rays are very dangerous.”可知，第五段主要列举了反对人类进入太空的几个理由，如高昂费用、长时间太空旅行带来的健康问题以及恶劣的太空环境。因此，该段的主旨是“存在一些反对人类进入太空的理由”。故选A。 4．词句猜测题。根据最后一段“In the future, we might see lunar cities or even new human cultures on other planets. First stop: the moon.”可知，未来，我们或许会看到月球城市，甚至其他星球上诞生全新的人类文明。第一站将会是月球。由此可知，“First stop: the moon”意味着人类在太空殖民的第一站很可能是月球。故选D。 5．观点态度题。根据最后一段“Despite these concerns, sending people into space seems certain.”可知，作者认为尽管存在一些担忧，但人类进入太空似乎是必然的，由此推知，作者对太空殖民持积极态度。故选A。 Passage 2 （23-24九年级上·河南洛阳·期中） You probably have noticed it: Chongqing’s population has been aging fast. According to China’s latest national census (人口普查), up to 23.4 percent of the city’s residents (居民) are aged over 60. This number is expected to grow even further in the coming years. Chongqing is not alone. Many other cities around the world have been experiencing this same problem for some time now. Some people are worried about this. The elderly, they say, do very little for the nation’s economy (经济). The government, however, has to give them lots of retirement benefits (退休福利). But a recent survey shows that many people agree there are some advantages of having an aging population. With an aging population, younger people will have more chances to meet seniors in their daily lives. Through usual communication, the elderly can bring a wealth of useful life lessons to younger people. The young, at the same time, are given chances to see things differently. Besides, in many cultures, it’s normal for elderly parents to live with their children under the same roof. Their children may have already reached adulthood, but these gray-haired men and women continue to play an important role in their development. In some families, the elderly are taking care of their grandchildren. It’s reported that half of all the children in China’s cities live with their grandparents and are raised under their guidance. Thanks to the free childcare, working parents can contribute to the economy more. An aging population is often considered to be a headache. But perhaps it can be argued that there are also some benefits to it. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．How does the writer start the text? A．By telling a story. B．By giving an example. C．By drawing a picture. D．By asking a question. 2．Why do some people worry about the aging population? A．Because they don’t want to take care of the elderly. B．Because they think the elderly can’t work any more. C．Because they think the elderly give less but receive more. D．Because they think the elderly are not as wise as the young. 3．What do the underlined words “contribute to” mean? A．Solve. B．Kill. C．Reduce. D．Help. 4．Which paragraphs introduce the advantages of having an aging population? A．Paragraphs 1 & 2. B．Paragraphs 2 & 3. C．Paragraphs 3 & 4. D．Paragraphs 4 & 5. 5．What’s the best title for the text? A．Why isn’t the aging population that bad? B．How can we solve the aging problem? C．What has caused the aging population? D．What can the elderly teach us? 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．D 4．C 5．A 【导语】本文主要讨论了重庆及其他城市人口老龄化的问题，尽管一些人担心老龄化会对经济产生负面影响，但文章指出老龄化也有一些好处，例如老年人可以为年轻人提供宝贵的生活经验，并在家庭中继续发挥重要作用。 1．推理判断题。根据“You probably have noticed it: Chongqing’s population has been aging fast. According to China’s latest national census (人口普查), up to 23.4 percent of the city’s residents (居民) are aged over 60. This number is expected to grow even further in the coming years.”可知，文章开头提到重庆人口老龄化的现象，并给出了具体的数据，这是通过举例的方式引出话题。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“Some people are worried about this. The elderly, they say, do very little for the nation’s economy (经济). The government, however, has to give them lots of retirement benefits (退休福利).”可知，有些人担心老龄化是因为他们认为老年人贡献少但领取的福利多。故选C。 3．词义猜测题。根据“Thanks to the free childcare, working parents can contribute to the economy more.”可知，老人帮忙照顾孙子，父母们工作促进经济发展，可推断出“contribute to”意为“帮助”或“促进”。故选D。 4．推理判断题。根据“But a recent survey shows that many people agree there are some advantages of having an aging population.”及结合后文的内容可知，文章第三段和第四段详细介绍了老龄化带来的一些好处，如老年人可以给年轻人带来生活经验，帮助照顾孙辈等。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。根据“An aging population is often considered to be a headache. But perhaps it can be argued that there are also some benefits to it.”及结合文章内容可知，文章主要讨论了老龄化问题的利弊，最后得出结论认为老龄化也有其好处，选项A符合。故选A。 Passage 3 （22-23九年级上·河南洛阳·期中） Most Chinese parents have great expectations of their children. When children are born, their parents have planned everything for them. It is common for parents to want their children to be successful. However, many children in China are unhappy. They live a planned life and are forced to fulfill the dreams. In my opinion, there are two sides to parents’ expectations. The expectations can encourage children to work harder for a better life. According to some studies, whether a child will be successful or not depends largely on his or her parents’ expectations. However, unrealistic（不切实际的）expectations can be harmful to children. Every child has his or her own thoughts and feelings. Parents’ expectations can take children’s freedom away. Wise parents allow their children to have some freedom. They encourage their children to do things they like to do and never judge them only by their grades. My parents’ expectations of me are to be happy, kind and healthy. They never put too much pressure on me, and I live a happy life. However, I have my own dreams. I keep working hard, though my parents do not force me to do so. I will never give up because my parents always encourage me when I am in trouble. In a word, I think parents’ expectations are necessary. However, parents should not give their children too much pressure. Instead, give them enough freedom. Parents must make sure their expectations of their children are realistic so that their children will not lose their self-confidence. 1．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “fulfill”? A．实现 B．补充 C．拥有 D．放弃 2．According to some studies, whether a child will be successful or not mainly depends on ________. A．his or her hard work B．his or her parents’ expectations C．his or her thoughts and feelings D．his or her parents’ family background 3．Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? A．Parents’ expectations are necessary for children. B．Parents should judge their children only by their grades. C．Parents’ expectations make children have less freedom. D．Parents should encourage children to do things they like to do. 4．What are the author’s parents’ expectations of him? A．To become a successful person. B．To get better and better scores. C．To be happy, kind and healthy. D．To make his dream come true. 5．According to the author, parents’ expectations are ________. A．harmful B．normal C．necessary D．tiring 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文为一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了大多数中国父母都对孩子有某种期望，这种期望是把双刃剑。如果给予孩子的期望不合理或过高，违背孩子的成长规律和现实情况，反而会给他们带来不利的影响。 【详解】 1．词句猜测题。根据“They live a planned life and are forced to fulfill the dreams”可知，孩子们过着父母给他们计划好的生活，应该是被迫去实现梦想，故划线部分意为“实现”。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“whether a child will be successful or not depends largely on his or her parents’ expectations”可知，一些研究表明，一个孩子是否会成功在很大程度上取决于他或她父母的期望。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Wise parents allow their children to have some freedom. They encourage their children to do things they like to do and never judge them only by their grades”可知，明智的父母会鼓励他们的孩子做他们喜欢做的事情，从不只以成绩来评判他们，故选项B“父母应该只看孩子的成绩来评价他们”表述错误。故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据“My parents’ expectations of me are to be happy, kind and healthy”可知，作者父母对作者的期望是快乐、善良和健康。故选C。 5．细节理解题。根据“In a word, I think parents’ expectations are necessary”可知，作者认为父母的期待是有必要的。故选C。 主题04 人与自然——环境保护 Passage 1 （25-26九年级上·河南南阳·期中） Balloons (气球) are a symbol of celebration. People love to release (释放) colorful balloons for special events, such as festivals and ceremonies. Colorful balloons may look pretty, but they can bring about some serious problems. After balloons are released, they can end up hundreds of kilometers away from where they were released, causing great harm to the environment and wildlife. Popular helium (氦) balloons can travel up to 800km before they fall to earth. This means they can fly almost everywhere, including oceans, mountains and farmlands. Well, in our daily life, there are mainly two kinds of balloons. One is latex (乳胶) balloons. In fact, it will take them six months to four years to decompose (分解) and they can cause pollution before they do. The other is mylar balloons. They are a kind of plastic balloons which cannot be decomposed and almost stay in the environment forever. Besides the balloons themselves, the ribbons (丝带), which are used for tying balloons, are also made of plastic. All of these materials, if littered, can add to the amount of plastic waste in our environment. At the same time, it can result in the injury or death of animals. Balloons may break up into smaller pieces over time. Sea animals often mistake them for food, and if eaten, those small pieces can make them hard to breathe and then cause them to die. Besides, they can also easily get themselves caught in balloon ribbons. Even worse, it has been found that some birds are collecting balloon pieces, thinking that they’re food, and even feeding them to their babies. So, don’t release balloons any more so as to reduce the pollution and protect animals. Every small step we take can make the world better, healthier and cleaner. 1．Paragraph 2 mainly tells us that ________. A．helium balloons can fly very far away B．releasing balloons can produce rubbish C．balloons are very important in our daily life D．balloons can have a bad influence on a wide area 2．What’s the biggest difference between mylar balloons and latex balloons? A．Mylar balloons can’t be decomposed over time. B．Mylar balloons can be used for the second time. C．Mylar balloons’ pieces won’t turn into plastic waste. D．Mylar balloons’ pieces could cause the death of animals. 3．What does the underlined word “them” mean in Paragraph 3? A．Mylar balloons. B．Latex balloons. C．Balloon ribbons. D．All kinds of balloons. 4．Which of the following is not a result caused by released balloons? A．Adding to plastic waste in the environment. B．Causing injury or death to sea animals. C．Helping birds find more food for their babies. D．Making sea animals hard to breathe after eating balloon pieces. 5．What is the passage written for? A．To introduce two different kinds of balloons. B．To explain how balloons travel far away. C．To advise people not to release balloons to protect the environment and animals. D．To suggest using other eco-friendly items instead of balloons for celebrations. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．B 4．C 5．C 【导语】本文介绍了释放气球对环境和野生动物造成的危害，并呼吁人们停止释放气球以保护环境。 【详解】 1．第二段提到“After balloons are released, they can end up hundreds of kilometers away...causing great harm to the environment and wildlife...they can fly almost everywhere, including oceans, mountains and farmlands.”  强调的是气球会影响广阔的区域（到处飞行，造成危害）。 2．原文第三段“latex balloons...will take them six months to four years to decompose...mylar balloons...cannot be decomposed and almost stay in the environment forever.”指出，这两种气球最大的区别是：乳胶气球可以分解，密拉气球不能分解。 3．划线词them出现在句子“One is latex balloons. In fact, it will take them six months to four years to decompose”（它们需要6个月到4年才能分解）。them指代的是前文提到的latex balloons。 4．原文第四段“Sea animals often mistake them for food...make them hard to breathe...cause them to die...birds are collecting balloon pieces, thinking that they’re food, and even feeding them to their babies.”  指出，鸟类把气球碎片当食物喂给幼鸟，但这不是“帮助”鸟类找到食物，而是伤害它们。C不属于气球带来的危害，是错误表述。 5．文章开头指出气球的问题，中间详细说明危害，结尾呼吁“don’t release balloons any more so as to reduce the pollution and protect animals.” 说明作者写这篇文章的目的是建议人们不要释放气球以保护环境和动物。 Passage 2 （23-24九年级上·河南平顶山·期中） Marketing tents (帐篷) as single-use should be stopped, festival organizers (组织者) say, as people continue to try to cut down on plastic at festivals. Single-use festival tents should not be used, to help avoid almost 900 tons of plastic waste each year, festival organizers have said. A group of more than 60 festivals across the UK have pushed supermarkets such as Argos and Tesco to stop marketing and selling single-use tents. Festival-goers are also encouraged to take their tents home at the end of the festival. About 250,000 tents are left at music festivals across the UK each year. Many are not collected and end up as waste. The average tent is made largely of plastic and weighs 3.5 kg. They are cheap and easy to get. A four man tent can be picked up on the street for as little as £30. The action to stop the tents ending up as waste starts with the Association of Independent Festivals (AIF). AIF’s 10-year report found 10% of people attending (参加) its festivals had left a tent behind during that year’s festival season. This works out as about 875 tons of plastic waste, which is the weight of 240 elephants. In 2018, the first year of a promise to cut down on plastic, festivals reported some important changes: 40% of those who had signed the promise stopped the sale of drinks in single-use plastic cups, 67% sold reusable drinks bottles, and 87% encouraged the use of reusable bottles. AIF CEO Paul Reed said, “The message here is not ‘to buy a more expensive tent’. Festival-goers can take action and cut down on plastic simply by taking their tent home and reusing it, making sure that it doesn’t become a single-use tent this summer.” 1．Why do festival organizers suggest stopping single-use tents? A．They are too heavy. B．They are too expensive. C．They end up as waste. D．They need much special plastic. 2．What are festival-goers asked to do? A．Stop using tents. B．Reuse their tents. C．Attend fewer festivals. D．Use tents just in summer. 3．The underlined phrase “picked up” has the closest meaning to “________”. A．bought B．carried C．collected D．used 4．What is the AIF trying to do? A．Protect elephants. B．Provide better tents. C．Cut down on plastic waste. D．Get more people to attend festivals. 5．What is the best title for the text? A．Bottles Should Be Reused B．Tents Are Not for Festivals C．It’s Impossible to Stop Using Plastic D．It’s Time to Say No to Single-Use Tents 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章通过节日组织者的呼吁和独立节日协会（AIF）的建议提倡人们合理使用一次性帐篷，减少污染。 【详解】 1．推理判断题。根据“Single-use festival tents should not be used, to help avoid almost 900 tons of plastic waste each year,”可知，一次性帐篷造成大量的塑料垃圾堆积，所以节日组织者建议停止使用一次性帐篷。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据“Festival-goers are also encouraged to take their tents home at the end of the festival.”可知，节日组织方倡导参加节日的人在节日活动结束后将帐篷带回家重复再利用。故选B。 3．词义猜测题。根据“They are cheap and easy to get.”和“as little as £30”可知，一个四人帐篷可以在街上买到，且价格便宜；因此“picked up”表示“购买”。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“The action to stop the tents ending up as waste starts with the Association of Independent Festivals (AIF). ”可知，独立节日协会在努力减少帐篷这类塑料垃圾。故选C。 5．最佳标题题。通读全文可知，文章介绍了一次性帐篷产生大量的塑料垃圾，节日组织者和独立节日喜欢呼吁停止使用一次性帐篷；结合选项，D选项符合文意。故选D。 主题01 人与社会——社会现象 Passage 1 （22-23九年级上·河南新乡·期中） “What should I wear today?” That’s a question you might ask yourself in the morning. For some kids, the answer is the same every day — a school uniform. More than 10 years ago, 3 percent of all public schools in the US required that students wear uniforms. Now, that number is closer to 10 percent. Some people support the policy (政策), hoping that uniforms will encourage students to focus on (专注于) their work. Opponents, however, say students should be allowed to express themselves through their clothing. Yes! ◆ “My school has a strict uniform policy. At school my friends and I don’t have the need to discuss clothes, and we enjoy just being together and learning. The best thing I like about our uniform is the style, especially, the shirts and sweaters,” said fourth grade Clifton Harris. ◆ “It helps save parents’ money,” a mother said. ◆ “I think uniforms help students focus on their studies rather than their clothes,” Megan Mannion said. Her school, Rankin Elementary School, has had a uniform policy since 1995. No! ◆ “I think students should choose their own clothing styles, rather than be told to wear a specific uniform,” fifth grade Kaylie Vilayvong said. Her classmate Wade Fleetwood agrees. “Kids should be allowed to wear different styles of clothes.” ◆ Some parents are worried about the expense (花费). Most schools offer uniforms at a price between $24 and $26. “What’s the school going to do for people who can’t afford them?” asked a father. ◆ “Adults make their own clothing choices and are free to express themselves through their look,” a teacher said. “Students should be allowed to choose their own clothing, too.” 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．What percent of public schools in the US ask students to wear uniforms? A．Far less than 3%. B．Nearly 3%. C．Nearly 10%. D．More than 10%. 2．What does the underlined word “Opponents” mean in Chinese? A．支持者 B．反对者 C．消费者 D．生产者 3．According to Clifton Harris, what’s the best thing about his school uniform? A．It has a good style. B．It is very comfortable. C．It saves money. D．It helps his studies. 4．Which of the following is TRUE? A．Wade Fleetwood agrees that students should wear uniforms. B．Most schools in the US offer uniforms at a price of over $26. C．Teachers think students should choose their own clothing. D．Rankin Elementary School has had a school uniform policy for over 20 years. 5．How does the writer develop this passage? A．By telling some stories. B．By giving some examples. C．By introducing study results. D．By comparing different opinions. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要是讲很多人支持在学校要穿校服的政策，一些人则反对，作者例举出了一些人的观点。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据“More than 10 years ago, 3 percent of all public schools in the US required that students wear uniforms. Now, that number is closer to 10 percent.”可知，美国有百分之十的公立学校要求学生穿校服，故选C。 2．词义猜测题。根据“Some people support the policy (政策), hoping that uniforms will encourage students to focus on (专注于) their work. Opponents, however, say students should be allowed to express themselves through their clothing.”可知，有人支持这项政策，希望校服会鼓励学生专注于他们的学习。但是，Opponents说应该允许学生通过自己的着装表达自己。可推知单词“Opponents”指的是“反对者”的意思，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“ ‘The best thing I like about our uniform is the style, especially, the shirts and sweaters,’ said fourth grade Clifton Harris.”可知，Clifton Harris认为最喜欢校服的地方是它的风格，尤其是衬衫和毛衣，故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“Her school, Rankin Elementary School, has had a uniform policy since 1995.”可知，Rankin小学实行校服政策已有20多年了。故选D。 5．推理判断题。根据“Some people support the policy (政策), hoping that uniforms will encourage students to focus on (专注于) their work. Opponents, however, say students should be allowed to express themselves through their clothing.”以及整个文章的理解可知，作者是通过比较不同的观点展开这篇文章的，故选D。 Passage 2 （21-22九年级上·河南漯河·期中） In American author Amy Chua’s 2011 book Battle Hymn of the Tiger Mother, she talks about the “tiger moms”. This refers to（指的是）mothers who are strict with their children. The mothers believe that this encourages kids to become the best that they can be. Both of Amy Chua’s daughters ended up going to top US universities. Many people believe that Chua’s way is an example of how most Asian people raise their children. It is said that they often put their children’s studies above everything else. Western parents, on the other hand, are seen as caring more about their children’s self-esteem(自尊) and feelings . Of course, the truth is not that simple. Every parent has their own ways of raising their child—it doesn’t matter where they come from. I know one parent in the US, she is a friend of mine. She takes her daughter to all kinds of after-school activities, leaving her daughter with no time to herself. And there are plenty of Chinese parents who spoil(溺爱) their children. For example, some parents do basic tasks for their children, such as tying up their hair or tying their shoes, even when their kids are old enough to do such things. My own mother is a good example. She expected me to get high grades and pushed me to take piano lessons. But she was also generous(慷慨的) about allowing me to have some time to do what I wanted. In the end, I feel like I ended up becoming a better person because of this. Even those piano lessons that I disliked at first ended up helping me find my passion for music. 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．Why are some moms called “tiger moms”? A．Because they are tigers’ moms. B．Because they are generous moms. C．Because they are strict with their children. D．Because they are stronger than others. 2．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 1 refer to? A．The mothers. B．The kids. C．The tigers. D．The universities. 3．What can we know from the third paragraph? A．Some Chinese parents spoil their children. B．Educating children is parents’ work. C．American parents are strict with their children. D．Every parent has the same way of raising their children. 4．Which of the following is used to describe the writer’s mother? a. She expected the writer to get high grades. b. She pushed the writer to take piano lessons. c. She was also generous about what the writer wanted to do. d. She often compared the writer with others. A．a, c, d B．a, b, d C．b, c, d D．a, b, c 5．What does the word “passion” mean in the last paragraph? A．Rule. B．Trouble. C．Carelessness. D．Love. 【答案】1．C 2．B 3．A 4．D 5．D 【导语】本文主要论述了养育孩子的方法，同时也叙述了自己的妈妈对自己的养育方式。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据“This refers to（指的是）mothers who are strict with their children.”可知，因为她们对孩子很严格。故选C。 2．词句猜测题。根据“The mothers believe that this encourages kids to become the best that they can be. ”可知，母亲们相信，这会鼓励孩子们成为最好的自己。they指代的是“kids”，故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“And there are plenty of Chinese parents who spoil(溺爱) their children.”可知，一些中国父母溺爱他们的孩子。故选A。 4．细节理解题。根据“She expected me to get high grades and pushed me to take piano lessons. But she was also generous(慷慨的) about allowing me to have some time to do what I wanted.”可知，a, b, c都包含在内，故选D。 5．词句猜测题。根据“Even those piano lessons that I disliked at first ended up helping me find my passion for music.”可知，即使是那些我起初不喜欢的钢琴课，最终也帮助我找到了对音乐的热情。passion表示“热情”，与“Love”意思相近。故选D。 Passage 1 （21-22九年级上·河南郑州·期中） What will the world of tomorrow look like? Many people today believe that technology is going to help solve some of the most difficult problems we have on the earth today. New technology may solve old problems, and it may also create new ones.___________ Each has advantages and disadvantages, as these three examples. When we dream about the future, many of us think that we will be able to fly to the skies in our own personal flying car. We could fly at 480 km per hour, avoiding traffic lights and busy roads. However, there will be problems with traffic control. 3D printing is another new technology for the future. 3D printers are already used to make life—size models of car parts, and man-made body parts, such as ears. As we move into the future, 3D printing will change the way we make things and the way we treat sick people. The disadvantage is that such a machine is very expensive.  Finally, people are trying to build a robot suit. This is an electronic suit. It allows people to lift heavy things and walk a long way. It might help people walk again after an illness or an accident. However, one disadvantage at the moment is cost.  Looking ahead, it is easy to imagine a future. We’ll be able to fly to work, print out a new pair of shoes or lift a car above our heads. Although there are some problems to solve before all of this is possible, we can certainly dream of a world. In this world, technology makes people’s lives easier and safer. It can solve some of the most difficult problems we have today. 1．Which might be the missing sentence in Paragraph 1? ________ A．No technology is perfect. B．Technology causes lots of problems. C．We can’t live well without technology. D．New problems will be solved by technology. 2．What problems may people meet if the flying cars become popular according to Paragraph 2?________ A．More air pollution. B．Harder traffic control. C．More traffic lights. D．Busier roads. 3．What can a robot suit help people do? ________ ①Produce electricity. ②Lift heavy things. ③Walk a long way. ④Walk again after an illness. A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①③④ D．①②④ 4．What is the structure (结构) of the text? P:paragraph. ________ A． B． C． D． 5．What does the writer think of new technology? ________ A．He doubts it. B．He doesn’t mind it. C．He can’t stand it. D．He looks forward to it. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．C 5．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。本文介绍了面向未来世界的一些新技术以及这些技术的优缺点。 【详解】 1．推理判断题。根据“Each has advantages and disadvantages, as these three examples.”可知，此空应该是说没有技术是完美的。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“However, there will be problems with traffic control.”可知，交通管制会有问题。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“It allows people to lift heavy things and walk a long way. It might help people walk again after an illness or an accident.”可知，它可以让人们举起重物，走很长的路。它可以帮助人们在生病或事故后重新行走。故选B。 4．篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段是提出观点；接着3段分别介绍三项新技术的优缺点；最后一段总结，是总——分——总结构。故选C。 5．推理判断题。根据“Although there are some problems to solve before all of this is possible, we can certainly dream of a world.”可知，虽然在这一切成为可能之前还有一些问题需要解决，但我们肯定可以梦想一个世界，由此推出作者很期待新技术。故选D。 Passage 2 （23-24九年级上·河南濮阳·期中） Here are different opinions from different people on China’s changes. China, like India, was a developing country and day-to-day life always told us that things were in short supply in1977. China has lifted 740 million people out of poverty (贫困) in the last four decades (十年). It has become better and better. —An Indian friend “It’s much easier to travel to foreign countries now, and it’s not very expensive.” “When we were young, we wanted to travel to many places, but we failed to do so for many reasons” said a retired (退休的) Chinese man Mr. Qu. What has changed is that I did not have to attend after-school classes. At primary school, I had lots of homework. Also, when I was in middle school, I had to get up at 6 a.m. and didn’t get home until 9 p.m, but I had time to play sports with my friend, watch TV and read my favorite books and so on. Now, each parent wants their child to receive a better education, and with more parents sending their children to after-school classes, a strange, tiring and endless competition has appeared. So it is a great luxury for children to have their own time to relax and do sports. —Xiao Li from a university 根据材料内容选择最佳答案。 1．China has lifted ________ people out of poverty in the last 40 years? A．740,000,000 B．740,000 C．seventy-four million D．7.4 billion 2．What does the old man think of travelling to foreign countries? A．Easy and expensive. B．Easier and cheap. C．Easy and cheap. D．Easier and expensive. 3．What time did Xiao Li get home when he was in middle school? A．At 9:00 p.m. B．At 7:00 p.m. C．At 6:00 p.m. D．At 10:00 p.m. 4．What does the underlined word “luxury” mean in Chinese? A．困难 B．奢侈 C．精彩 D．舒服 5．Where may this article be from? A．An ad. B．A science report. C．A newspaper D．A poster. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了不同的人对中国变化的看法。 【详解】 1．细节理解题。根据“China has lifted 740 million people out of poverty (贫困) in the last four decades (十年).”可知，在过去的四十年里，中国已经使7.4亿人口摆脱了贫困。故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据“It’s much easier to travel to foreign countries now, and it’s not very expensive.”可知，到国外旅游更容易，且不是很贵。故选B。 3．细节理解题。根据“Also, when I was in middle school, I had to get up at 6 a.m. and didn’t get home until 9 p.m,”可知，中学时，小李晚上9点才到家。故选A。 4．词义猜测题。根据“and with more parents sending their children to after-school classes, a strange, tiring and endless competition has appeared. So it is a great luxury for children to have their own time to relax and do sports”可知，很多家长送孩子去上课后班，因此对孩子们来说能够有自己放松和做运动的时间是奢侈的，划线单词表示“奢侈的”。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“Here are different opinions from different people on China’s changes.”及文章可知，本文主要讲述了不同的人对中国变化的看法，可能来自于报纸。故选C。 Passage 3 （24-25九年级上·河南洛阳·期中） My dear boys and girls, good morning. Today I’m going to give you my suggestions about how to become stronger. As the high school entrance examination is coming soon, you might feel a bit worried or nervous. These feelings may make you stressed out and fail to focus on your studies. But think about it. Would your favorite superhero have these same feelings? Scientists have been studying what they call the “Spider-man Effect” in children. They’ve found that if kids imagine themselves as a powerful person-such as a superhero like Spider-man, they won’t feel so nervous and will be able to focus on their work. Imagination and fantasy can play an important role in achieving the things we fear. For example, if you feel nervous during an exam, try to imagine that you are Spider-man. You may find that you can “remove” the stress from this situation and feel more confident. This can help keep you fight off bad feelings and focus on your task, just like a superhero would. Of course, it doesn’t mean that you should dress like the Spider-man. Pretending to be powerful makes us feel powerful and that will have an influence on how we act in real life. But you don’t have to believe in superheroes for this. Anyone you admire can encourage you to get through hard times, or remind you of how you should act in certain situations. Movie stars, famous painters, even our own parents—anyone can be our “Spider-man”. For example, when it comes to how I communicate with others, I like to look toward my mom for inspiration. She is a middle school teacher who is always kind, thoughtful and brave. I try to act the same way like her. Thanks for your listening. I hope you can find your own strength to overcome the difficulties in your life. 1．This passage is probably ________. A．a story B．a speech C．a letter D．a diary 2．During a difficult exam, you can imagine yourself as Spider-man to ________. A．help people in need B．help yourself calm down and focus on your exam C．get superpowers and do well in the exam D．make yourself stronger and cleverer 3．The writer supports his idea in Paragraph 5 by ________. A．giving an example B．making a suggestion C．telling a story D．raising a question 4．According to the passage, we can infer that ________. A．scientists believe that the “Spider-man Effect” can help children focus on their work B．anyone you look up to can be your “Spider-man” C．the writer never have problems communicating with people D．children can become stronger and more confident by watching movies about superheroes 5．The passage is most probably written for ________. A．teachers B．parents C．children D．doctors 【答案】1．B 2．B 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了让自己变得强大的建议，可以通过“蜘蛛侠效应”，设想自己是超级英雄来变得强大。 【详解】 1．推理判断题。根据“My dear boys and girls, good morning. Today I’m going to give you my suggestions about how to become stronger.”可知，本文可能是一篇演讲。故选B。 2．细节理解题。根据“For example, if you feel nervous during an exam, try to imagine that you are Spider-man. …, just like a superhero would.”可知，在困难的考试中，可以把自己想象成蜘蛛侠，帮助自己冷静下来，专注于考试。故选B。 3．推理判断题。根据“For example, when it comes to how I communicate with others, … I try to act the same way like her.”可知，作者在第五段中通过举例子来支持他的观点。故选A。 4．推理判断题。根据“But you don’t have to … anyone can be our ‘Spider-man’.”可知，你崇拜的任何人都可以成为你的“蜘蛛侠”。故选B。 5．推理判断题。根据“As the high school entrance examination is coming soon, you might feel a bit worried or nervous.”与第四段“For example, if you feel nervous during an exam, try to imagine that you are Spider-man.”并通读全文可知，本文很可能是写给孩子们的。故选C。 1 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $