2026年中考英语时文精读人与自我培优·第06讲

该初中英语中考复习讲义聚焦说明文阅读与核心词汇，覆盖benefit, replace等中考高频词及benefit from等短语，通过“语篇精读-词汇拓展-语言点精讲-阅读训练-仿写应用”流程，梳理考点内在联系，帮助学生突破长难句分析与阅读推理难点。 亮点在于“边读边记”培养语言能力，词形变化与短语填空强化语言运用，长难句拆解提升思维品质。如“benefit from与be beneficial to”对比讲解结合真题例句，分层练习适配不同学生，教师可通过错题标注考点实现精准复习，有效提升学生应考能力。

英语时文精读·第06期 How Exercise Rewires Your Brain(运动如何重塑大脑) 范畴：人与自我（生活与学习） 体裁：说明文1词数：3311难度：★★ 姓名： 班级： 日期： Part1语篇Reading How Exercise Rewires Your Brain 边读边记·每段一个好表达 Everyone knows what exercise looks like:a red face,quick breathing,sweat.What most people do not know is that while the body is getting tired,the brain is getting stronger.That is a strange trade:you spend energy,and you get energy back. For a long time,scientists believed that the adult brain could not change.We now know the opposite.The brain is soft in a way-every time you leamn something,it rewire,s(重新连接；重塑)itself.So the question is not whether the brain can change,but what helps it change. And one of the best things you can do for that process is to move your body. When you exercise,your body releases (chemical messengers that travel up to your brain.One of them is often called "fertilizer for the brain.It helps brain cells grow and connect.In studies,students who exercised before a test did better than students who did not.The effect is not huge,and it is no replacement for studying.But it is real:exercise does not make you clever by magic,yet it gives your brain better conditions to work. The effects reach your feelings,too.After a hard run or a game of basketball,most people feel calmer and more positive.This is one reason doctors now suggest exercise as part of treating low mood:it is free,it has few side effects,and it works for many people. You do not need agym or a marathon(马拉松)，A20-minute walk to school counts.Dancing in your room counts.The important thing is to do it often enough for it to feel normal.Ten minutes is better than nothing,and today is better than tomorrow.Exercise is not a punishment for eating dessert.It is a daily benefit you give your own brain. Maybe the best reason to move is not a number on a scale )It is the person who comes back from the run:clearer,calmer,and more ready. Part2重点单词Word Focus benefit n.好处v.使受益 beneficial adj.有益的| benefit from从..受益|daily benefit每日的好处 例：It is a daily benefit you give your own brain. energy n.精力；能量 energetic adj..精力充沛的 I energetically adv.精力充沛地| full of energy精力充沛 例：You spend energy,andyouget energ')back. improve v.改善；提高 improvement n.改善；进步 improved ad.改进的 Students who exercised before a test did better-exercise improves how the brain works. effect n.效果；影响 effective adj.有效的 affect v.影响| have an effect on对..有影响 例：The effects reach your feelings,.too. replace v.代替；取代 replacement n..替代品|replace A with B用B替换A 例：It is no replacement for studying. positive ac.积极的；乐观的 positivelyadv,.积极地|negative adj.消极的（反义） After a hard run,most people feel calmer and more positive. release v.释放；发布n.释放 release a film发行电影|the release of..的释放 Your body releases chemical messengers that travel up to your brai. 【词形变化练习】用所给单词的适当形式填空 1)Swimming is (benefit)to people of all ages. 2)The children were full of (energetic)after the game. 3)Your handwriting has made great(improve)this term. 4)The teacher's words had a deep (affect)on the whole class 5)Online classes can never (replacement)real classmates and real teachers. 6)He talked about the future (positive)and made everyone feel hopeful. 7)Doing sports(benefit)both the body and the mind. 8)A 20-minute walk keeps students (energy)in the morning classes. Part3短语与表达Phrases&Expressions I.写出下列短语的中文意思Translate the phrases into Chinese, 1)benefit from 2)be beneficial to 3)no replacement for 4)side effects 5)by magic 6)count 7)get...back 8)in a way Ⅱ.用词框中的词填空，必要时改变词形Complete the sentences with the words in t山he box.Change the form if necessary. benefit energetic improvement effect replace positive release calm 1)Exercising every day will (benefit)your health in many ways. 2)After a good night's sleep,you will have more (energetic)in class. 3)Practice can slowly (improvement)your memory. 4)The new medicine had a good (affect)on her sleep. 5)Nothing can (replacement)a good night's sleep before a test. 6)Try to stay (positively)even when things go wrong. 7)When you exercise,your body(release)chemicals that make you feel good. 8)Deep breathing always makes me feel(calm)than before a test. Part4语言点精讲精练Language in Use 考点1 benefit from与be beneficial to 【精讲】benefit有三种常用身份：作及物动词直接跟宾语(Exercise benefits your health.);作不及物动词benefit from sth(从.… 受益)；作名词(get a benefit from.)。形容词为beneficial:be beneficial to..(对..有益)，to是介词。 例：亚8 a daily benefit you give your own brain..这是你每天给自己大脑的一份好处。 例：Students benefit from regular exercise. 例：Walking is beneficial toyour health. 1)We can learn a lot and benefit a lot team sports. A.from B.to C.with D.for 2)Eating vegetables is(benefit)to your eyes. 3)Morning reading (benefit)me a lot-I remember words faster now. 考点2 no replacement for与replace A with B 【精讲】replacement意为"替代品"，no replacement for sth表示"没有什么能替代.”；动词replace常用搭配replace A with B(用 B替换A)。同类表达：take the place of(取代)。 例：亚is no replacement for studying.它替代不了学习本身。 例：You can replace juice with water. Nothing takes the place of a good night's sleep. 1)There is no (replace)for hard work. 2)You'd better (replace)the broken chair with a new one. 3)Video lessons are helpful,but they are no replacement real teachers A.for B.of C.to D.with 考点3cont的两个高频用法 【精讲】count①数数：The boy can count from one to fifty,②算数、有分量、重要：Every minute counts.步行20分钟上学也算 数一不用非得去健身房。拓展：count on sb(依靠某人)。 例：A20-minute walk to school counts.步行20分钟上学也算数。 例：Every minute counts before an exam, 例：The little boy can count from one to fi的. 1)Before the exam,every minute (count),so don't waste any. 2)You don't need a gym-dancing in your room also A.counts B.count C.counted D.counting 3)Can you from one to one hundred in English? A.count B.say C.speak D.tell Part5阅读理解Reading Comprehension 1.What does the writer mean by "a strange trade"in Paragraph 1? A.Exercise makes the body tired and the brain weaker. B.You give the brain energy and the body takes it back. C.While your body is getting tired,your brain is getting D.Trade jobs make people healthier than study does. stronger. 2.What did scientists believe about the brain for a long time? A.The adult brain could not change. B.The brain was soft like a muscle. C.Exercise could rewire the brain. D.Only young brains couldlearn new things. 3.What does "fertilizer for the brain"do? A.It makes people run faster than before. B.It helps brain cells grow and connect. C.It travels from the brain to the body. D.It replaces the need for studying. 4.Why do doctors now suggest exercise as part of treating low mood? A.Because it is the fastest way to feel happy. B.Because it has no side effects at all C.Because everyone enjoys running and basketball. D.Because it is free,safe for most people,and works for many. 5.The writer says"A 20-minute walk to school counts.Design your own 20-minute exercise plan for school days,and explain what you hope to get back from it. Part6长难句分析与翻译Sentence Analysis 1 What most people do not know is that while the body is getting tired,the brain is getting stronger. 【结构拆解】 ·What most people do not know:what引导的主语从句，"大多数人所不知道的" is that.:tht引导表语从句，说明主语的内容 ·while the body is getting tired:while时间状语从句，两个进行时形成对照 getting stronger:get+比较级，"变得越来越." 【翻译】 2 Exercise is not a punishment for eating dessert.It is a daily benefit you give your own brain. 【结构拆解】 punishment for doing:因.而受的惩罚，for后接动名词cating notA.tisB:先否定再正面定义，是本篇的点题句式 you give your own brain:省略that/which的定语从句，修饰benefit ·your own:强调"你自己的” 【翻译】 Part7换个说法Paraphrase 把左栏文中难表达与右栏最简单的说法配对，把字母填在括号里Match each expression wit山h the simplest way of saying it.Write the letters in the brackets. 1)()You spend energy,and you get energy back. a.Even a short walk is good enough. 2)()The effect is not huge,and it is no replacement for b.Exercise uses energy now but gives you more stu dying. later. 3)()A 20-minute walk to school counts. c.You don't exercise because you must pay for what you ate. 4)（)by magic d.Exercise helps a little,but you still have to study 5)()Exercise is not a punishment for eating dessert. e.in a mysterious way,without any real effort Part8仿写Sentence Writing 1)[benefit froml Students who often read English aloud (benefit)a lot from it. 2)[There is no replacement for..]There (be)no replacement hard work-practice makes perfect. 一一英语时文精读·第06期/完成后核对答案，错题标出考点编号，下次重点复习英语时文精读·第06期【教师版】 How Exercise Rewires Your Brain(运动如何重塑大脑) 范畴：人与自我（生活与学习） 体裁：说明文|词数：331 难度：★★ 姓名： 班级： 日期： Part1语篇Reading How Exercise Rewires Your Brain 边读边记·每段一个好表达 Everyone knows what exercise looks like:a red face,quick breathing,sweat.What most people do not know is that while the body is getting tired,the brain is getting stronger.That is a strange trade:you /spend energy'付出精力 get energy back换回精力 spend energy,and you get energy back. For a long time,scientists believed that the adult brain could not change.We now know the opposite.The brain is soft in a way-every time you leamn something,it rewire,s(重新连接；重塑)itself.So the question is not whether the brain can change,but what helps it change. And one of the best things you can do for that process is to move your √rewire i迩elf重塑自身 move your body动起来 body. When you exercise,your body releases (chemical messengers that travel up to your brain.One of them is often called "fertilizer for the brain.It helps brain cells grow and connect.In studies,students who exercised before a test did better than students who did not.The effect is not huge,and it is no replacement for studying.But it is real:exercise does not make you clever by magic,yet it gives your √/release释放 no replacement for无法替代 brain better conditions to work. The effects reach your feelings,too.After a hard run or a game of basketball,most people feel calmer and more positive.This is one reason √calm平静 doctors now suggest exercise as part of treating low mood:it is free,it has positive积极 side effects副作用 few side effects,and it works for many people. You do not need agym or a marathon(马拉松)，A20-minute walk to school counts.Dancing in your room counts.The important thing is to do it often enough for it to feel normal.Ten minutes is better than nothing,and today is better than tomorrow.Exercise is not a punishment ,√count算数 ada功benefit每日益处 for eating dessert.It is a daily benefit you give your own brain. Maybe the best reason to move is not a number on a scale )It is the person who comes back from the run:clearer,calmer,and √come back from the run跑步归来的人 more ready. Part2重点单词Word Focus benefit n.好处v.使受益 beneficial adj..有益的|benefit from从...受益|daily benefit每日的好处 例：It is a daily benefit you give your own brain. energy n.精力；能量 energetic adj..精力充沛的 energetically adv..精力充沛地| full of energy精力充沛 例：You spend energy,andyouget energ图back. improve v.改善；提高 improvement n.改善；进步 improved adj.改进的 Students who exercised before a test did better-exercise improves how the brain works. effect n.效果；影响 effective adj.有效的 affect v.影响|have an effect on对..有影响 例：The effects reach your feelings,.too. replace v.代替；取代 replacement n..替代品|replace A with B用B替换A 例：It is no replacement for studying. positive adj.积极的；乐观的 positively adv..积极地|negative adj.消极的（反义） After a hard run,most people feel calmer and more positive. release v.释放；发布n.释放 release a film发行电影|the release of..的释放 Your body releases chemical messengers that travel up to your brain. 【词形变化练习】用所给单词的适当形式填空 1)Swimming is(benefit)to people of all ages.Ibeneficiall 【解析】be beneficial to为固定搭配，benefit的形容词。 2)The children were full of (energetic)after the game.[energy 【解析】full of后接名词energy。 3)Your hadwriting has made great(improve)this term. 【improvement】 【解析】great+名词，improve的名词形式。 4)The teacher's words had a deep (affect)on the whole class.[effect] 【解析】have an effect on固定搭配。 5)Online classes can never (replacement)real classmates and real teachers.[replace] 【解析】can后接动词原形。 6)He talked about the future (positive)and made everyone feel hopeful.[positively] 【解析】修饰动词talked,用副词positively。 7)Doing sports (benefit)both the body and the mind.[benefits] 【解析】动名词短语作主语，谓语用第三人称单数。 8)A 20-minute walk keeps students (energy)in the morning classes.[energeticI 【解析】keep后接形容词；本课energy的形容词energetic,.09期还会再遇到。 Part3短语与表达Phrases&Expressions I.写出下列短语的中文意思Translate the phrases into Chinese, 1)benefit from从..中受益 2)be beneficial to对..有益 3)no replacement for无法替代... 4)side effects副作用 5)by magic像变魔术般；奇迹般地 )count算数；起作用 7)get.back取回；恢复 8)in away在某种意义上 Ⅱ.用词框中的词填空，必要时改变词形Complete the sentences with the words in the box.Change the form if necessary. benefit energetic improvement effect replace positive release calm 1)Exercising every day will (benefit)your health in many ways.[benefit 【解析】wil后接动词原形，benefit作及物动词"使受益"。 2)After a good night's sleep,you will have more(energetic)in class.[energy] 【解析】more+名词，energetic的名词形式为energy。 3)Practice can slowly(improvement)your memory.[improve] 【解析】情态动词can后接动词原形，improvement的动词为improve。. 4)The new medicine had a good(affect)on her sleep.[effect] 【解析】have an effect on为固定搭配；affect是动词，此处需名词effect。. 5)Nothing can (replacement)a good night's sleep before a test.[replace] 【解析】can后接动词原形，replacement的动词为replace。 6)Try to stay (positively）even when things go wrong.【positive】 【解析】sty后接形容词，意为"保持乐观"。 7)When you exercise,your body(release)chemicals that make you feel good.IreleasesI 【解析】主语your body为第三人称单数，一般现在时加-es。 8)Deep breathing always makes me feel(calm)than before a test.[calmer] 【解析】than提示比较级；复现第03期词汇calm。 Part4语言点精讲精练Language in Use 考点1 benefit from与be beneficial to 【精讲】benefit有三种常用身份：作及物动词直接跟宾语(Exercise benefits your health.);作不及物动词benefit from sth(从. 受益)；作名词(get a benefit from.)。形容词为beneficial:be beneficial to.（对..有益)，to是介词。 例：E8 a daily benefit you give your own brain.这是你每天给自己大脑的一份好处。 例：Students benefit from regular exercise.. 例：Walking is beneficial toyour health. 1)We can learn a lot and benefit a lot team sports..【A】 A.from B.to C.with D.for 【解析】benefit from sth为固定搭配。 2)Eating vegetables is (benefit)to your eyes.Ibeneficiall 【解析】be动词后接形容词beneficial。 3)Morning reading (benefit)me a lot-I remember words faster now. 【benefits】 【解析】主语Moming reading是动名词短语，谓语用第三人称单数。 考点2 no replacement for与replace A with B 【精讲】replacement意为"替代品"，no replacement for sth表示"没有什么能替代."；动词replace常用搭配replace A with B(用 B替换A)。同类表达：take the place of(取代)。 例：亚s no replacement for studying.它替代不了学习本身。 例：You can replace juice with water. Nothing takes the place of a good night's sleep. 1)There is no(replace)for hard work.[replacement] 【解析】no后接名词replacement。. 2)You'd better (replace)the broken chair with a new one.Ireplace] 【解析】had better后接动词原形；replace A with B结构。 3)Video lessons are helpful,but they are no replacement real teachers. 【A】 A.for B.of C.to D.with 【解析】no replacement for sth为固定搭配。 考点3cont的两个高频用法 【精讲】count①数数：The boy can count from one to fifty.②算数、有分量、重要：Every minute counts.步行20分钟上学也算 数一不用非得去健身房。拓展：count on sb(依靠某人)。 例：A20-ninute walk to school counts.步行20分钟上学也算数。 例：Every minute counts before an exam.. 例：The little boy can count from one to fift). 1)Before the exam,every minute (count),so don't waste any. 【counts】 【解析】every+单数名词，谓语用第三人称单数。 2)You don't need a gym-dancing in your room also 【A】 A.counts B.count C.counted D.counting 【解析】主语dancing(动名词)为单数概念，一般现在时用counts。 3)Can you from one to one hundred in English?【A】 A.count B.say C.speak D.tell 【解析】"数数"用comt;say后接说的内容，spea后接语言，tel后接故事。 Part5阅读理解Reading Comprehension 1.What does the writer mean by"a strange trade'"in Paragraph 1？【c】 A.Exercise makes the body tired and the brain weaker. B.You give the brain energy and the body takes it back. C.While your body is getting tired,your brain is getting D.Trade jobs make people healthier than study does. stronger. 【解析】第1段：身体越来越累的同时，大脑正变得更强一这就是那笔"奇怪的交换"：花掉精力，又收回精力。A与文意相 反；B、D无依据。 2.What did scientists believe about the brain for a long time?A A.The adult brain could not change. B.The brain was soft like a muscle. C.Exercise could rewire the brain. D.Only young brains could learn new things. 【解析】第2段第1、2句：长期以来科学家认为成人的大脑无法改变，现在我们知道事实相反。B、C、D均非他们"曾经"的 看法。 3.What does"fertilizer for the brain'"do?【B】 A.It makes people run faster than before. B.It helps brain cells grow and connect C.It travels from the brain to the body. D.It replaces the need for studying. 【解析】第3段：这种化学信使帮助脑细胞生长并建立连接。A、C无依据；D与"'it is no replacement for studying"矛盾。 4.Why do doctors now suggest exercise as part of treating low mood?[D A.Because it is the fastest way to feel happy. B.Because it has no side effects at all C.Because everyone enjoys running and basketball. D.Becauseit is free,safe for most people,and works for many. 【解析】第4段：运动免费、副作用少、对许多人有效，所以医生把它纳入情绪低落的辅助治疗。A"最快"无依据；B与f©w side effects(副作用少而非没有)不符；C无依据。 5.The writer says"A 20-minute walk to school counts.Design your own 20-minute exercise plan for school days,and explain what you hope to get back from it. 【参考示例】I will walk to school instead of taking the bus,and dance for ten minutes after dinner.I hope to get my energy back:a clearer head for morning classes,a calmer mood before tests,and better sleep at night.Ten minutes is better than nothing,and today is better tha tomorrow.(言之成理即可) Part6长难句分析与翻译Sentence Analysis 1 What most people do not know is that while the body is getting tired,the brain is getting stronger. 【结构拆解】 ,What most people do not know:what引导的主语从句，"大多数人所不知道的" is that.:tht引导表语从句，说明主语的内容 while the body is getting tired:wile时间状语从句，两个进行时形成对照 getting stronger:get+比较级，"变得越来越." 【翻译】 【参考译文】大多数人不知道的是：当身体越来越累时，大脑正在变得越来越强。 2 Exercise is not a punishment for eating dessert.It is a daily benefit you give your own brain. 【结构拆解】 punishment for doing:因..而受的惩罚，for后接动名词eating notA.Itis B.:先否定再正面定义，是本篇的点题句式 you give your own brains:省略that/which的定语从句，修饰benefit ·your own:强调"你自己的" 【翻译】 【参考译文】运动不是因为吃了甜点而受的惩罚，而是你每天给自己的大脑的一份好处。 Part7换个说法Paraphrase 把左栏文中难表达与右栏最简单的说法配对，把字母填在括号里Match each expression wit山the simplest way of saying it.Write the letters in the brackets. 1)(b)You spend energy,and you get energy back. a.Even a short walk is good enough. 2)(d)The effect is not huge,and it is no replacement for b.Exercise uses energy now but gives you more studying. later. 3)(a)A 20-minute walk to school counts. c.You don't exercise because you must pay for what you ate. 4)(e)by magic d.Exercise helps a little,but you still have to study 5)(c)Exercise is not a punishment for eating dessert. e.in a mysterious way,without any real effort Part8仿写Sentence Writing 1)[benefit froml Students who often read English aloud (benefit)a lot from it. 【参考答案】benefit(主语students为复数，一般现在时用原形) 2)[There is no replacement for...]There (be)no replacement hard work-practice makes perfect. 【参考答案】is;for(There is no replacement for sth固定句型) 一一英语时文精读·第06期/完成后核对答案，错题标出考点编号，下次重点复习一 英语时文精读 · 第 06 期　【教师版】 How Exercise Rewires Your Brain（运动如何重塑大脑） 范畴：人与自我（生活与学习）　｜　体裁：说明文　｜　词数：331　｜　难度：★★ 姓名：______________ 班级：______________ 日期：______________ Part 1 语篇 Reading How Exercise Rewires Your Brain ✎ 边读边记 · 每段一个好表达 Everyone knows what exercise looks like: a red face, quick breathing, sweat. What most people do not know is that while the body is getting tired, the brain is getting stronger. That is a strange trade: you spend energy, and you get energy back. ✓ spend energy 付出精力 get energy back 换回精力 For a long time, scientists believed that the adult brain could not change. We now know the opposite. The brain is soft in a way — every time you learn something, it rewires（重新连接；重塑） itself. So the question is not whether the brain can change, but what helps it change. And one of the best things you can do for that process is to move your body. ✓ rewire itself 重塑自身 move your body 动起来 When you exercise, your body releases（释放） chemical messengers that travel up to your brain. One of them is often called "fertilizer（肥料） for the brain." It helps brain cells grow and connect. In studies, students who exercised before a test did better than students who did not. The effect is not huge, and it is no replacement for studying. But it is real: exercise does not make you clever by magic, yet it gives your brain better conditions to work. ✓ release 释放 no replacement for 无法替代 The effects reach your feelings, too. After a hard run or a game of basketball, most people feel calmer and more positive. This is one reason doctors now suggest exercise as part of treating low mood: it is free, it has few side effects, and it works for many people. ✓ calm 平静 positive 积极 side effects 副作用 You do not need a gym or a marathon（马拉松）. A 20-minute walk to school counts. Dancing in your room counts. The important thing is to do it often enough for it to feel normal. Ten minutes is better than nothing, and today is better than tomorrow. Exercise is not a punishment for eating dessert. It is a daily benefit you give your own brain. ✓ count 算数 a daily benefit 每日益处 Maybe the best reason to move is not a number on a scale（体重秤）. It is the person who comes back from the run: clearer, calmer, and more ready. ✓ come back from the run 跑步归来的人 Part 2 重点单词 Word Focus benefit　n. 好处　v. 使受益 　beneficial adj. 有益的　｜　benefit from 从……受益　｜　daily benefit 每日的好处 　例：It is a daily benefit you give your own brain. energy　n. 精力；能量 　energetic adj. 精力充沛的　｜　energetically adv. 精力充沛地　｜　full of energy 精力充沛 　例：You spend energy, and you get energy back. improve　v. 改善；提高 　improvement n. 改善；进步　｜　improved adj. 改进的 　例：Students who exercised before a test did better — exercise improves how the brain works. effect　n. 效果；影响 　effective adj. 有效的　｜　affect v. 影响　｜　have an effect on 对……有影响 　例：The effects reach your feelings, too. replace　v. 代替；取代 　replacement n. 替代品　｜　replace A with B 用 B 替换 A 　例：It is no replacement for studying. positive　adj. 积极的；乐观的 　positively adv. 积极地　｜　negative adj. 消极的（反义） 　例：After a hard run, most people feel calmer and more positive. release　v. 释放；发布　n. 释放 　release a film 发行电影　｜　the release of ……的释放 　例：Your body releases chemical messengers that travel up to your brain. 【词形变化练习】用所给单词的适当形式填空 1) Swimming is ______ (benefit) to people of all ages. 【beneficial】 【解析】be beneficial to 为固定搭配，benefit 的形容词。 2) The children were full of ______ (energetic) after the game. 【energy】 【解析】full of 后接名词 energy。 3) Your handwriting has made great ______ (improve) this term. 【improvement】 【解析】great + 名词，improve 的名词形式。 4) The teacher's words had a deep ______ (affect) on the whole class. 【effect】 【解析】have an effect on 固定搭配。 5) Online classes can never ______ (replacement) real classmates and real teachers. 【replace】 【解析】can 后接动词原形。 6) He talked about the future ______ (positive) and made everyone feel hopeful. 【positively】 【解析】修饰动词 talked，用副词 positively。 7) Doing sports ______ (benefit) both the body and the mind. 【benefits】 【解析】动名词短语作主语，谓语用第三人称单数。 8) A 20-minute walk keeps students ______ (energy) in the morning classes. 【energetic】 【解析】keep 后接形容词；本课 energy 的形容词 energetic，09 期还会再遇到。 Part 3 短语与表达 Phrases & Expressions Ⅰ. 写出下列短语的中文意思 Translate the phrases into Chinese. 1) benefit from　从……中受益 2) be beneficial to　对……有益 3) no replacement for　无法替代…… 4) side effects　副作用 5) by magic　像变魔术般；奇迹般地 6) count　算数；起作用 7) get...back　取回；恢复 8) in a way　在某种意义上 Ⅱ. 用词框中的词填空，必要时改变词形 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. Change the form if necessary. benefit　　energetic　　improvement　　effect　　replace　　positive　　release　　calm 1) Exercising every day will ______ (benefit) your health in many ways. 【benefit】 【解析】will 后接动词原形，benefit 作及物动词"使受益"。 2) After a good night's sleep, you will have more ______ (energetic) in class. 【energy】 【解析】more + 名词，energetic 的名词形式为 energy。 3) Practice can slowly ______ (improvement) your memory. 【improve】 【解析】情态动词 can 后接动词原形，improvement 的动词为 improve。 4) The new medicine had a good ______ (affect) on her sleep. 【effect】 【解析】have an effect on 为固定搭配；affect 是动词，此处需名词 effect。 5) Nothing can ______ (replacement) a good night's sleep before a test. 【replace】 【解析】can 后接动词原形，replacement 的动词为 replace。 6) Try to stay ______ (positively) even when things go wrong. 【positive】 【解析】stay 后接形容词，意为"保持乐观"。 7) When you exercise, your body ______ (release) chemicals that make you feel good. 【releases】 【解析】主语 your body 为第三人称单数，一般现在时加 -es。 8) Deep breathing always makes me feel ______ (calm) than before a test. 【calmer】 【解析】than 提示比较级；复现第 03 期词汇 calm。 Part 4 语言点精讲精练 Language in Use 考点 1　benefit from 与 be beneficial to 【精讲】benefit 有三种常用身份：作及物动词直接跟宾语（Exercise benefits your health.）；作不及物动词 benefit from sth（从……受益）；作名词（get a benefit from...）。形容词为 beneficial：be beneficial to...（对……有益），to 是介词。 例：It is a daily benefit you give your own brain. 这是你每天给自己大脑的一份好处。 例：Students benefit from regular exercise. 例：Walking is beneficial to your health. 1) We can learn a lot and benefit a lot ______ team sports. 【A】 A. from B. to C. with D. for 【解析】benefit from sth 为固定搭配。 2) Eating vegetables is ______ (benefit) to your eyes. 【beneficial】 【解析】be 动词后接形容词 beneficial。 3) Morning reading ______ (benefit) me a lot — I remember words faster now. 【benefits】 【解析】主语 Morning reading 是动名词短语，谓语用第三人称单数。 考点 2　no replacement for 与 replace A with B 【精讲】replacement 意为"替代品"，no replacement for sth 表示"没有什么能替代……"；动词 replace 常用搭配 replace A with B（用 B 替换 A）。同类表达：take the place of（取代）。 例：It is no replacement for studying. 它替代不了学习本身。 例：You can replace juice with water. 例：Nothing takes the place of a good night's sleep. 1) There is no ______ (replace) for hard work. 【replacement】 【解析】no 后接名词 replacement。 2) You'd better ______ (replace) the broken chair with a new one. 【replace】 【解析】had better 后接动词原形；replace A with B 结构。 3) Video lessons are helpful, but they are no replacement ______ real teachers. 【A】 A. for B. of C. to D. with 【解析】no replacement for sth 为固定搭配。 考点 3　count 的两个高频用法 【精讲】count ① 数数：The boy can count from one to fifty. ② 算数、有分量、重要：Every minute counts. 步行 20 分钟上学也算数——不用非得去健身房。拓展：count on sb（依靠某人）。 例：A 20-minute walk to school counts. 步行 20 分钟上学也算数。 例：Every minute counts before an exam. 例：The little boy can count from one to fifty. 1) Before the exam, every minute ______ (count), so don't waste any. 【counts】 【解析】every + 单数名词，谓语用第三人称单数。 2) You don't need a gym — dancing in your room also ______. 【A】 A. counts B. count C. counted D. counting 【解析】主语 dancing（动名词）为单数概念，一般现在时用 counts。 3) Can you ______ from one to one hundred in English? 【A】 A. count B. say C. speak D. tell 【解析】"数数"用 count；say 后接说的内容，speak 后接语言，tell 后接故事。 Part 5 阅读理解 Reading Comprehension 1. What does the writer mean by "a strange trade" in Paragraph 1? 【C】 A. Exercise makes the body tired and the brain weaker. B. You give the brain energy and the body takes it back. C. While your body is getting tired, your brain is getting stronger. D. Trade jobs make people healthier than study does. 【解析】第 1 段：身体越来越累的同时，大脑正变得更强——这就是那笔"奇怪的交换"：花掉精力，又收回精力。A 与文意相反；B、D 无依据。 2. What did scientists believe about the brain for a long time? 【A】 A. The adult brain could not change. B. The brain was soft like a muscle. C. Exercise could rewire the brain. D. Only young brains could learn new things. 【解析】第 2 段第 1、2 句：长期以来科学家认为成人的大脑无法改变，现在我们知道事实相反。B、C、D 均非他们"曾经"的看法。 3. What does "fertilizer for the brain" do? 【B】 A. It makes people run faster than before. B. It helps brain cells grow and connect. C. It travels from the brain to the body. D. It replaces the need for studying. 【解析】第 3 段：这种化学信使帮助脑细胞生长并建立连接。A、C 无依据；D 与"it is no replacement for studying"矛盾。 4. Why do doctors now suggest exercise as part of treating low mood? 【D】 A. Because it is the fastest way to feel happy. B. Because it has no side effects at all. C. Because everyone enjoys running and basketball. D. Because it is free, safe for most people, and works for many. 【解析】第 4 段：运动免费、副作用少、对许多人有效，所以医生把它纳入情绪低落的辅助治疗。A"最快"无依据；B 与 few side effects（副作用少而非没有）不符；C 无依据。 5. The writer says "A 20-minute walk to school counts." Design your own 20-minute exercise plan for school days, and explain what you hope to get back from it. 【参考示例】I will walk to school instead of taking the bus, and dance for ten minutes after dinner. I hope to get my energy back: a clearer head for morning classes, a calmer mood before tests, and better sleep at night. Ten minutes is better than nothing, and today is better than tomorrow. (言之成理即可) Part 6 长难句分析与翻译 Sentence Analysis 长难句 1　What most people do not know is that while the body is getting tired, the brain is getting stronger. 【结构拆解】 　· What most people do not know：what 引导的主语从句，"大多数人所不知道的" 　· is that...：that 引导表语从句，说明主语的内容 　· while the body is getting tired：while 时间状语从句，两个进行时形成对照 　· getting stronger：get + 比较级，"变得越来越……" 【翻译】 【参考译文】大多数人不知道的是：当身体越来越累时，大脑正在变得越来越强。 长难句 2　Exercise is not a punishment for eating dessert. It is a daily benefit you give your own brain. 【结构拆解】 　· punishment for doing：因……而受的惩罚，for 后接动名词 eating 　· not A. It is B.：先否定再正面定义，是本篇的点题句式 　· you give your own brain：省略 that/which 的定语从句，修饰 benefit 　· your own：强调"你自己的" 【翻译】 【参考译文】运动不是因为吃了甜点而受的惩罚，而是你每天给自己的大脑的一份好处。 Part 7 换个说法 Paraphrase 把左栏文中难表达与右栏最简单的说法配对，把字母填在括号里 Match each expression with the simplest way of saying it. Write the letters in the brackets. 1) （b） You spend energy, and you get energy back. a. Even a short walk is good enough. 2) （d） The effect is not huge, and it is no replacement for studying. b. Exercise uses energy now but gives you more later. 3) （a） A 20-minute walk to school counts. c. You don't exercise because you must pay for what you ate. 4) （e） by magic d. Exercise helps a little, but you still have to study. 5) （c） Exercise is not a punishment for eating dessert. e. in a mysterious way, without any real effort Part 8 仿写 Sentence Writing 1) [benefit from] Students who often read English aloud ______ (benefit) a lot from it. 【参考答案】benefit（主语 students 为复数，一般现在时用原形） 2) [There is no replacement for...] There ______ (be) no replacement ______ hard work — practice makes perfect. 【参考答案】is；for（There is no replacement for sth 固定句型） —— 英语时文精读 · 第 06 期 ｜ 完成后核对答案，错题标出考点编号，下次重点复习 —— 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 英语时文精读 · 第 06 期 How Exercise Rewires Your Brain（运动如何重塑大脑） 范畴：人与自我（生活与学习）　｜　体裁：说明文　｜　词数：331　｜　难度：★★ 姓名：______________ 班级：______________ 日期：______________ Part 1 语篇 Reading How Exercise Rewires Your Brain ✎ 边读边记 · 每段一个好表达 Everyone knows what exercise looks like: a red face, quick breathing, sweat. What most people do not know is that while the body is getting tired, the brain is getting stronger. That is a strange trade: you spend energy, and you get energy back. For a long time, scientists believed that the adult brain could not change. We now know the opposite. The brain is soft in a way — every time you learn something, it rewires（重新连接；重塑） itself. So the question is not whether the brain can change, but what helps it change. And one of the best things you can do for that process is to move your body. When you exercise, your body releases（释放） chemical messengers that travel up to your brain. One of them is often called "fertilizer（肥料） for the brain." It helps brain cells grow and connect. In studies, students who exercised before a test did better than students who did not. The effect is not huge, and it is no replacement for studying. But it is real: exercise does not make you clever by magic, yet it gives your brain better conditions to work. The effects reach your feelings, too. After a hard run or a game of basketball, most people feel calmer and more positive. This is one reason doctors now suggest exercise as part of treating low mood: it is free, it has few side effects, and it works for many people. You do not need a gym or a marathon（马拉松）. A 20-minute walk to school counts. Dancing in your room counts. The important thing is to do it often enough for it to feel normal. Ten minutes is better than nothing, and today is better than tomorrow. Exercise is not a punishment for eating dessert. It is a daily benefit you give your own brain. Maybe the best reason to move is not a number on a scale（体重秤）. It is the person who comes back from the run: clearer, calmer, and more ready. Part 2 重点单词 Word Focus benefit　n. 好处　v. 使受益 　beneficial adj. 有益的　｜　benefit from 从……受益　｜　daily benefit 每日的好处 　例：It is a daily benefit you give your own brain. energy　n. 精力；能量 　energetic adj. 精力充沛的　｜　energetically adv. 精力充沛地　｜　full of energy 精力充沛 　例：You spend energy, and you get energy back. improve　v. 改善；提高 　improvement n. 改善；进步　｜　improved adj. 改进的 　例：Students who exercised before a test did better — exercise improves how the brain works. effect　n. 效果；影响 　effective adj. 有效的　｜　affect v. 影响　｜　have an effect on 对……有影响 　例：The effects reach your feelings, too. replace　v. 代替；取代 　replacement n. 替代品　｜　replace A with B 用 B 替换 A 　例：It is no replacement for studying. positive　adj. 积极的；乐观的 　positively adv. 积极地　｜　negative adj. 消极的（反义） 　例：After a hard run, most people feel calmer and more positive. release　v. 释放；发布　n. 释放 　release a film 发行电影　｜　the release of ……的释放 　例：Your body releases chemical messengers that travel up to your brain. 【词形变化练习】用所给单词的适当形式填空 1) Swimming is ______ (benefit) to people of all ages. 2) The children were full of ______ (energetic) after the game. 3) Your handwriting has made great ______ (improve) this term. 4) The teacher's words had a deep ______ (affect) on the whole class. 5) Online classes can never ______ (replacement) real classmates and real teachers. 6) He talked about the future ______ (positive) and made everyone feel hopeful. 7) Doing sports ______ (benefit) both the body and the mind. 8) A 20-minute walk keeps students ______ (energy) in the morning classes. Part 3 短语与表达 Phrases & Expressions Ⅰ. 写出下列短语的中文意思 Translate the phrases into Chinese. 1) benefit from　____________________ 2) be beneficial to　____________________ 3) no replacement for　____________________ 4) side effects　____________________ 5) by magic　____________________ 6) count　____________________ 7) get...back　____________________ 8) in a way　____________________ Ⅱ. 用词框中的词填空，必要时改变词形 Complete the sentences with the words in the box. Change the form if necessary. benefit　　energetic　　improvement　　effect　　replace　　positive　　release　　calm 1) Exercising every day will ______ (benefit) your health in many ways. 2) After a good night's sleep, you will have more ______ (energetic) in class. 3) Practice can slowly ______ (improvement) your memory. 4) The new medicine had a good ______ (affect) on her sleep. 5) Nothing can ______ (replacement) a good night's sleep before a test. 6) Try to stay ______ (positively) even when things go wrong. 7) When you exercise, your body ______ (release) chemicals that make you feel good. 8) Deep breathing always makes me feel ______ (calm) than before a test. Part 4 语言点精讲精练 Language in Use 考点 1　benefit from 与 be beneficial to 【精讲】benefit 有三种常用身份：作及物动词直接跟宾语（Exercise benefits your health.）；作不及物动词 benefit from sth（从……受益）；作名词（get a benefit from...）。形容词为 beneficial：be beneficial to...（对……有益），to 是介词。 例：It is a daily benefit you give your own brain. 这是你每天给自己大脑的一份好处。 例：Students benefit from regular exercise. 例：Walking is beneficial to your health. 1) We can learn a lot and benefit a lot ______ team sports. A. from B. to C. with D. for 2) Eating vegetables is ______ (benefit) to your eyes. 3) Morning reading ______ (benefit) me a lot — I remember words faster now. 考点 2　no replacement for 与 replace A with B 【精讲】replacement 意为"替代品"，no replacement for sth 表示"没有什么能替代……"；动词 replace 常用搭配 replace A with B（用 B 替换 A）。同类表达：take the place of（取代）。 例：It is no replacement for studying. 它替代不了学习本身。 例：You can replace juice with water. 例：Nothing takes the place of a good night's sleep. 1) There is no ______ (replace) for hard work. 2) You'd better ______ (replace) the broken chair with a new one. 3) Video lessons are helpful, but they are no replacement ______ real teachers. A. for B. of C. to D. with 考点 3　count 的两个高频用法 【精讲】count ① 数数：The boy can count from one to fifty. ② 算数、有分量、重要：Every minute counts. 步行 20 分钟上学也算数——不用非得去健身房。拓展：count on sb（依靠某人）。 例：A 20-minute walk to school counts. 步行 20 分钟上学也算数。 例：Every minute counts before an exam. 例：The little boy can count from one to fifty. 1) Before the exam, every minute ______ (count), so don't waste any. 2) You don't need a gym — dancing in your room also ______. A. counts B. count C. counted D. counting 3) Can you ______ from one to one hundred in English? A. count B. say C. speak D. tell Part 5 阅读理解 Reading Comprehension 1. What does the writer mean by "a strange trade" in Paragraph 1? A. Exercise makes the body tired and the brain weaker. B. You give the brain energy and the body takes it back. C. While your body is getting tired, your brain is getting stronger. D. Trade jobs make people healthier than study does. 2. What did scientists believe about the brain for a long time? A. The adult brain could not change. B. The brain was soft like a muscle. C. Exercise could rewire the brain. D. Only young brains could learn new things. 3. What does "fertilizer for the brain" do? A. It makes people run faster than before. B. It helps brain cells grow and connect. C. It travels from the brain to the body. D. It replaces the need for studying. 4. Why do doctors now suggest exercise as part of treating low mood? A. Because it is the fastest way to feel happy. B. Because it has no side effects at all. C. Because everyone enjoys running and basketball. D. Because it is free, safe for most people, and works for many. 5. The writer says "A 20-minute walk to school counts." Design your own 20-minute exercise plan for school days, and explain what you hope to get back from it. Part 6 长难句分析与翻译 Sentence Analysis 长难句 1　What most people do not know is that while the body is getting tired, the brain is getting stronger. 【结构拆解】 　· What most people do not know：what 引导的主语从句，"大多数人所不知道的" 　· is that...：that 引导表语从句，说明主语的内容 　· while the body is getting tired：while 时间状语从句，两个进行时形成对照 　· getting stronger：get + 比较级，"变得越来越……" 【翻译】 长难句 2　Exercise is not a punishment for eating dessert. It is a daily benefit you give your own brain. 【结构拆解】 　· punishment for doing：因……而受的惩罚，for 后接动名词 eating 　· not A. It is B.：先否定再正面定义，是本篇的点题句式 　· you give your own brain：省略 that/which 的定语从句，修饰 benefit 　· your own：强调"你自己的" 【翻译】 Part 7 换个说法 Paraphrase 把左栏文中难表达与右栏最简单的说法配对，把字母填在括号里 Match each expression with the simplest way of saying it. Write the letters in the brackets. 1) （　　） You spend energy, and you get energy back. a. Even a short walk is good enough. 2) （　　） The effect is not huge, and it is no replacement for studying. b. Exercise uses energy now but gives you more later. 3) （　　） A 20-minute walk to school counts. c. You don't exercise because you must pay for what you ate. 4) （　　） by magic d. Exercise helps a little, but you still have to study. 5) （　　） Exercise is not a punishment for eating dessert. e. in a mysterious way, without any real effort Part 8 仿写 Sentence Writing 1) [benefit from] Students who often read English aloud ______ (benefit) a lot from it. 2) [There is no replacement for...] There ______ (be) no replacement ______ hard work — practice makes perfect. —— 英语时文精读 · 第 06 期 ｜ 完成后核对答案，错题标出考点编号，下次重点复习 —— 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $