2026年中考英语语法每日打卡小纸条-专辑01-第03讲-动词时态与语态

该初中英语中考复习知识清单聚焦动词时态与被动语态核心考点，涵盖六大基础时态（一般现在时、一般过去时等）、被动语态结构及综合应用三大知识范畴，构建了从基础速查到专项练习再到综合提升的三天递进式复习架构。 清单采用“两步判断法”（先找时间标志词定时态，再辨主被动定语态）培养学生思维品质，通过“时态标志词速查表”“被动语态结构对比表”系统呈现知识，分层设计基础填空与能力提升练习（如含情态动词被动、主将从现等难点）提升学习能力。教师版配备错因归类表（规则记混、判断漏项等），助力精准教学，学生可通过自评与错题记录实现自主高效复习。

“Knowledge is power.”　知识就是力量 解析卡 · RULE　DAY 1/3 Day 1　动词时态（一） 核心提示　两步判断时态：先找时间标志词（决定时态），再看主语是动作的「发出者」还是「承受者」（决定语态）。 一、六大时态速查表 时态 构成 标志词 一般现在时 do / does often, usually, every day；客观真理 一般过去时 did yesterday, ago, last …, in 2008 一般将来时 will do ／ be going to do tomorrow, next …, in the future 现在进行时 am / is / are doing now, Look!, Listen! 现在完成时 have / has done already, yet, ever, never, so far, in the last …, since, for 过去完成时 had done by the time + 过去时间；by the end of last … 二、被动语态结构（以 do 为例，过去分词 done） 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时 am / is / are + done English is spoken by many people. 一般过去时 was / were + done The cup was broken by the boy. 一般将来时 will be done A new library will be built next year. 现在完成时 have / has been done All the work has been finished. 含情态动词 情态动词 + be done Teenagers should be allowed to choose. 【考点】　被动语态三步判断：① 主语是不是动作的承受者 ② 时态看标志词 ③ be 动词随主语人称和数变化。 【易错】　情态动词后接 be + 过去分词（should be done），不能写成 should done。 【主将从现】　if / unless / when / as soon as 引导的状语从句中，主句用将来时，从句用一般现在时。 【真理不变】　宾语从句表述客观真理时，永远用一般现在时，不受主句时态影响。 ✂ 沿虚线裁开 · 解析卡 / 练习卡配对使用 “Knowledge is power.”　知识就是力量 练习卡 · DRILL　DAY 1/3 Day 1　动词时态（一）　练习 姓名 __________　　日期 __________　　得分 ______ / 100　　自评 ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ 一、用所给单词的恰当形式填空　（每小题 8 分，共 40 分） 1. So far, our school ________ (hold) twelve sports meetings. 2. By the time he was twelve, he ________ (teach) himself French. 3. Don't make any noise. Your parents ________ (sleep) in the next room. 4. Look! Some students ________ (play) basketball on the playground. 5. I ________ (not hear) you clearly just now. Would you say it again? 二、能力提升 · 用所给单词的恰当形式填空　（每小题 12 分，共 60 分） 6. I won't go to the party unless I ________ (invite). 7. The teacher told us that the earth ________ (move) around the sun. 8. The teacher asked Tom how soon he ________ (leave) for Nanjing. 9. The film ________ (be) on for five minutes when he got to the cinema. 10. This kind of shoes ________ (sell) well and they are popular with students. 日期 ________　用时 ______ 分　错题号 ______________　家长签字 ________ “No pains, no gains.”　不劳则无获 练习卡 · DRILL　DAY 2/3 Day 2　被动语态（二）　练习 姓名 __________　　日期 __________　　得分 ______ / 100　　自评 ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ 一、用所给动词的正确形式填空　（每小题 8 分，共 40 分） 1. This bridge ________ (build) over the river last year. 2. More and more trees ________ (plant) in our city in the last few years. 3. These poor children should ________ (look) after well. 4. Do you know when the novel ________ (write)? 5. A new hospital ________ (build) in our town next year. 二、能力提升 · 用所给单词的恰当形式填空　（每小题 12 分，共 60 分） 6. The problem ________ (discuss) at the meeting now. Please wait a moment. 7. All the work ________ (finish) by the workers by now. 8. Food ________ (must keep) in a cool place in summer. 9. The old man ________ (find) dead in his bedroom the next morning. 10. Our school ________ (visit) by a group of foreign teachers last Friday. 日期 ________　用时 ______ 分　错题号 ______________　家长签字 ________ ✂ 沿虚线裁开 · 每天一张 “Time and tide wait for no man.”　时不我待 练习卡 · DRILL　DAY 3/3 Day 3　时态语态综合（三）　练习 姓名 __________　　日期 __________　　得分 ______ / 100　　自评 ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ ☆ 一、用所给单词的恰当形式填空　（每小题 8 分，共 40 分） 1. If it ________ (not rain) tomorrow, we will go hiking. 2. Mother ________ (cook) when the telephone rang. 3. Great changes ________ (take) place in my hometown since 2010. 4. By the end of last month, no new cases ________ (find) in our city. 5. Listen! Someone ________ (sing) in the next room. 二、能力提升 · 用所给单词的恰当形式填空　（每小题 12 分，共 60 分） 6. He ________ (not come) to school yesterday because he was ill. 7. The book ________ (write) by a famous writer in 1998. 8. My father ________ (work) in this factory for over twenty years. 9. Teenagers should ________ (allow) to make their own decisions. 10. We ________ (have) a picnic if it ________ (be) fine this weekend. 日期 ________　用时 ______ 分　错题号 ______________　家长签字 ________ “Knowledge is power.”　知识就是力量 练习卡 · DRILL · 教师版　DAY 1/3 Day 1　动词时态（一）　练习与解析 答案与解析　教师专用 · 配对「学生版解析卡」使用 一、用所给单词的恰当形式填空　（每小题 8 分，共 40 分） 1. So far, our school ________ (hold) twelve sports meetings. ✔ has held　so far 是现在完成时的标志词；主语 our school 为第三人称单数，用 has held。 2. By the time he was twelve, he ________ (teach) himself French. ✔ had taught　by the time + 过去时间，主句动作发生在它之前，用过去完成时。 3. Don't make any noise. Your parents ________ (sleep) in the next room. ✔ are sleeping　Don't make any noise 提示「此刻正在」，用现在进行时；parents 是复数，用 are。 4. Look! Some students ________ (play) basketball on the playground. ✔ are playing　Look! 是现在进行时的标志词。 5. I ________ (not hear) you clearly just now. Would you say it again? ✔ didn't hear　just now 提示过去，用一般过去时；否定助动词用 didn't。 二、能力提升 · 用所给单词的恰当形式填空　（每小题 12 分，共 60 分） 6. I won't go to the party unless I ________ (invite). ✔ am invited　unless 引导条件状语从句，遵循「主将从现」；I 与 invite 是被动关系，用一般现在时被动。 7. The teacher told us that the earth ________ (move) around the sun. ✔ moves　宾语从句表述客观真理，仍用一般现在时，不受主句过去时影响。 8. The teacher asked Tom how soon he ________ (leave) for Nanjing. ✔ would leave　主句为过去时，从句表示「从过去看将来」，用过去将来时。 9. The film ________ (be) on for five minutes when he got to the cinema. ✔ had been　从句 when he got to 是过去时，主句动作在其之前已持续五分钟，用过去完成时。 10. This kind of shoes ________ (sell) well and they are popular with students. ✔ sells　sell 表示「销售情况」时用主动语态，通常搭配 well；主语 This kind 为单数，用 sells。 答案速览　1.has held ｜ 2.had taught ｜ 3.are sleeping ｜ 4.are playing ｜ 5.didn't hear ｜ 6.am invited ｜ 7.moves ｜ 8.would leave ｜ 9.had been ｜ 10.sells 错因归类　讲评时按类型勾选，定位班级共性薄弱点 □ 规则记混 □ 判断步骤漏项 □ 固定搭配不熟 □ 拼写错误 □ 审题不清 □ 时间不够 ✂ 沿虚线裁开 “No pains, no gains.”　不劳则无获 练习卡 · DRILL · 教师版　DAY 2/3 Day 2　被动语态（二）　练习与解析 答案与解析　教师专用 · 配对「学生版解析卡」使用 一、用所给动词的正确形式填空　（每小题 8 分，共 40 分） 1. This bridge ________ (build) over the river last year. ✔ was built　bridge 是 build 的承受者，用被动语态；last year 提示一般过去时。 2. More and more trees ________ (plant) in our city in the last few years. ✔ have been planted　in the last few years 用现在完成时；trees 是 plant 的承受者，须用被动。 3. These poor children should ________ (look) after well. ✔ be looked　情态动词 should 后接 be + 过去分词；look after 的宾语已提前作主语。 4. Do you know when the novel ________ (write)? ✔ was written　novel 与 write 是被动关系，动作发生在过去，用一般过去时被动。 5. A new hospital ________ (build) in our town next year. ✔ will be built　next year 提示一般将来时；hospital 是承受者，用 will be + 过去分词。 二、能力提升 · 用所给单词的恰当形式填空　（每小题 12 分，共 60 分） 6. The problem ________ (discuss) at the meeting now. Please wait a moment. ✔ is being discussed　now 提示现在进行时；problem 是承受者，用 am/is/are being + 过去分词。 7. All the work ________ (finish) by the workers by now. ✔ has been finished　by now 用现在完成时；work 是不可数名词作主语，用 has been + 过去分词。 8. Food ________ (must keep) in a cool place in summer. ✔ must be kept　含情态动词的被动语态：情态动词 + be + 过去分词。 9. The old man ________ (find) dead in his bedroom the next morning. ✔ was found　old man 是 find 的承受者，用被动；the next morning 提示过去时间。 10. Our school ________ (visit) by a group of foreign teachers last Friday. ✔ was visited　school 是 visit 的承受者，用被动语态；last Friday 提示一般过去时。 答案速览　1.was built ｜ 2.have been planted ｜ 3.be looked ｜ 4.was written ｜ 5.will be built ｜ 6.is being discussed ｜ 7.has been finished ｜ 8.must be kept ｜ 9.was found ｜ 10.was visited 错因归类　讲评时按类型勾选，定位班级共性薄弱点 □ 规则记混 □ 判断步骤漏项 □ 固定搭配不熟 □ 拼写错误 □ 审题不清 □ 时间不够 “Time and tide wait for no man.”　时不我待 练习卡 · DRILL · 教师版　DAY 3/3 Day 3　时态语态综合（三）　练习与解析 答案与解析　教师专用 · 配对「学生版解析卡」使用 一、用所给单词的恰当形式填空　（每小题 8 分，共 40 分） 1. If it ________ (not rain) tomorrow, we will go hiking. ✔ doesn't rain　if 条件句「主将从现」；主语 it 为第三人称单数，否定用 doesn't。 2. Mother ________ (cook) when the telephone rang. ✔ was cooking　when 引导的从句用过去时，主句动作正在进行，用过去进行时。 3. Great changes ________ (take) place in my hometown since 2010. ✔ have taken　since + 时间点用现在完成时；take place 是不及物动词短语，没有被动语态。 4. By the end of last month, no new cases ________ (find) in our city. ✔ had been found　by the end of last month 提示过去完成时；cases 是 find 的承受者，用被动。 5. Listen! Someone ________ (sing) in the next room. ✔ is singing　Listen! 是现在进行时的标志词；someone 作主语视为单数，用 is。 二、能力提升 · 用所给单词的恰当形式填空　（每小题 12 分，共 60 分） 6. He ________ (not come) to school yesterday because he was ill. ✔ didn't come　yesterday 提示一般过去时，否定用 didn't + 动词原形。 7. The book ________ (write) by a famous writer in 1998. ✔ was written　book 是 write 的承受者，用被动语态；in 1998 提示过去时间。 8. My father ________ (work) in this factory for over twenty years. ✔ has worked　for + 时间段用现在完成时；主语 My father 为单数，用 has + 过去分词。 9. Teenagers should ________ (allow) to make their own decisions. ✔ be allowed　含情态动词的被动语态：should be + 过去分词；allow sb. to do 的宾语已提前作主语。 10. We ________ (have) a picnic if it ________ (be) fine this weekend. ✔ will have; is　if 条件句「主将从现」：主句用 will have，从句用一般现在时 is。 答案速览　1.doesn't rain ｜ 2.was cooking ｜ 3.have taken ｜ 4.had been found ｜ 5.is singing ｜ 6.didn't come ｜ 7.was written ｜ 8.has worked ｜ 9.be allowed ｜ 10.will have; is 错因归类　讲评时按类型勾选，定位班级共性薄弱点 □ 规则记混 □ 判断步骤漏项 □ 固定搭配不熟 □ 拼写错误 □ 审题不清 □ 时间不够 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $