【周周有招】登顶班讲义第9讲（写作目的题总选文中说了的咋整）2026-2027学年人教版八年级上册英语

本讲义聚焦人教版八年级上册英语Unit 6“决心、计划与行动力”主题，系统整合词汇（如miss/stick to等核心词辨析）、语法（一般将来时判定路径）、语篇（写作目的题判定链）及写作（微写作与篇章写作），构建从词汇语境到写作应用的完整学习支架。 资料以分层训练为特色，语言能力上通过范文补全掌握“形式主语it+不定式”等句型，思维品质上用“错误路径演示”辨析词汇（如miss表“错过”非“摒弃”），学习能力上设基础到中考链接训练。课中辅助教师高效教学，课后助力学生巩固提升，全面发展综合语言运用能力。

人教版·八年级上册·英语·学生版·2026年秋季 Unit 6　决心、计划与行动力——从词汇语境到写作目的 第九讲　词汇·语法·语篇综合 ● 单元同步精讲（学生版）　● 一般将来时 · 写作目的题 · 词汇运用　● 分层训练 —————————————————————————————————— 【课时安排】本讲为 Unit 6 词汇·语法·语篇综合第9讲，建议用时 2 课时。 【学习目标】 1. 能补全并仿写两篇计划类范文，掌握"形式主语 it + 不定式""by + 动名词"等写作句型，完成 80 词左右的微写作与"新年决心"篇章写作。 2. 能区分 will / be going to / 主将从现 / there be 将来式，在语法填空与选择题中正确运用一般将来时。 3. 能辨析 miss / stick to / take up / enable / achieve 等核心词汇的词性与搭配，完成词汇分层训练。 4. 能运用写作目的题的判定链（定体裁→抓末段→验高频词→排除细节概括项）完成记叙文、说明文的写作目的题。 一、书面表达 （一）微写作：家务计划（80 词左右） 【任务】 周末你计划做力所能及的家务，请写 80 词左右短文，介绍计划并表达对家的感受。要点：1. your ideas about doing chores；2. your weekend plan for doing chores；3. what home means to you。参考词汇：in one’s opinion。 【范文】 补全下面的范文，注意填空处的固定搭配与句型（形式主语 it、不定式、动名词等），它们会帮你搭好仿写的架子。 I think it’s very important 1. ______ us to do chores. We can learn how 2. ______ (take) care of 3. ______ (we) and develop good habits by 4. ______ (do) chores. This weekend, I have 5. ______ plan to do some chores at home. On Saturday morning, I’ll clean my room and do the laundry. In the afternoon, I’ll help my mum cook dinner. I can learn some cooking 6. ______ (skill) from my mum. On Sunday morning, I’ll do the dishes 7. ______ sweep the floor. In the afternoon, I’ll water the flowers in the garden. Home is 8. ______ (important) place in my heart. It 9. ______ (be) a special place full of love and 10. ______ (warm). 【我的写作】 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ （二）篇章写作：Look Forward to 2026 【任务】 农历新年将至，学校开展“Look forward to 2026”征文。请写出新年决心、理由与实现方式。要点：1. What are your resolutions? 2. Why do you make them? 3. How are you going to keep them? 4. Something more about it。 【范文】 补全下面的范文，观察"形式主语 it""主将从现""最高级与比较级"等处的用法，再写出属于你自己的决心。 As the year draws to a close, it’s the perfect time to think 1. ______ the changes. It is important for me 2. ______ (set) clear resolutions for 2026. Last year, I wasted much time on phone games, which 3. ______ (make) my study efficiency low. So I decide 4. ______ (improve) 5. ______ (I) in study and habits. To make progress 6. ______ (steady), I have two main plans. Only by 7. ______ (make) daily plans can I achieve my goals. Because good habits decide 8. ______ (one) future, I will study harder. 9. ______ I meet difficulties, I will never give up. It is consistent efforts that matter most. Besides, I will exercise for 20 minutes daily. If I keep these resolutions, I will become a 10. ______ (good) teenager. I believe I can welcome a brighter 2026 with full energy. 【我的写作】 ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 二、核心词汇　U6 Part 1 （一）语境识词 1. We should drop the bad habits in our daily life, and missing good chances often makes us regret. 我们应当摒弃日常生活中的坏习惯，错失良机常常会让我们懊悔不已。 【错误路径演示】学生常把"摒弃"写成 miss（*We should miss the bad habits*）。miss 只有"①想念　②错过"两义，没有"抛弃"义；摒弃应写 drop / give up。句中 missing 为动名词作主语，取"错过"义。 2. We should be able to face difficulties bravely, and able students always find ways to solve problems. 我们应当能够勇敢面对困难，有能力的学生总会想出办法解决问题。 3. We should stick to our dreams firmly, and he picked up a small stick to support himself when climbing the hill. 我们应当坚定地坚持梦想；他爬山时捡起一根小树枝来借力支撑身体。 【对比】stick to 中 stick 是动词"坚持"，to 是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词；a small stick 中 stick 是名词"棍、手杖"。 4. We should achieve our goals through hard work, and his great achievement is praised by all his teachers. 我们应当凭借努力实现目标，他出色的成绩得到了所有老师的称赞。 5. We should not take up too much time playing games, and the new hobby he takes up is reading English books. 我们不应该花太多时间玩游戏；他开始从事的新爱好是读英文书。 【对比】take up 辨义看宾语：time / space → 占据；hobby / sport → 开始从事。 （二）词性转换 把下列动词或形容词转换为课堂要求的词性并记录在下方，注意词性变化对句子成分的影响。 三、词汇运用　分层训练 （一）单句语法填空　【基础巩固·词汇运用】 1. If you work hard, you will ______ (success) in realizing your dream. 2. His physical disability makes him ______ (able) to take part in the sports meeting. 3. We should ______ (stick) to our principles and never give in easily. 4. The little boy takes pride in his small ______ (achieve) in handcrafts. 5. I regret ______ (miss) the chance of studying abroad last year. 6. Modern technology ______ (able) people to work efficiently at home. 7. If you stick to ______ (practice), you will improve your oral English soon. 8. Too many useless apps take up too much storage space, which affects phones’ running ______ (speed). （二）选词与短语填空　【能力提升·语篇运用】 方框词： miss　enable　stick to　take up　achieve　unable　achievement（一项多余） Making a personal plan is the first step to self-improvement. Many teenagers want to 1. ______ no chances to become better. However, some people may be 2. ______ to carry out their plans because they lack persistence. To 3. ______ themselves to succeed, they should not 4. ______ too much time on useless things. The key is to 5. ______ their plans step by step. Only in this way can they make a great 6. ______ in the end. 【成分定位法】先判空处成分：缺谓语 → 动词中选；缺名词 → achievement；缺表语形容词 → unable。 （三）综合填空　【中考链接·篇章运用】 Everyone wants to make a perfect self-plan and become better. But many people fail 1. ______ (realize) their goals in the end. Some people often regret 2. ______ (miss) good chances because of laziness. Ordinary people have ordinary 3. ______ (able), but what 4. ______ (matter) is perseverance. Perseverance 5. ______ (move) us forward steadily. We must stick 6. ______ our plans instead of giving up halfway. Continuous efforts will help us 7. ______ (achievement) our dreams. Never be afraid of temporary failure. Even if you are 8. ______ (able) to step forward at first, don’t quit. Small progress will leave deep impressions 9. ______ your mind and finally turn into great 10. ______ (achieve). 【无提示词空解法】①是否构成固定搭配；②是否缺连词；③是否缺冠词或代词。答案必为虚词。 四、核心语法　一般将来时 （一）考点认知路径 判定不是"看到将来就填 will"，而是走一条清晰的路径： 1. 看时间状语：tomorrow、next week、in the future、the day after tomorrow、in + 一段时间、soon。 2. 看计划与迹象：be going to 强调事先打算或有迹象即将发生（Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.）；will 强调说话当下的临时决定、客观将来或意愿承诺。 3. 看主从句（主将从现）：if 条件句与 when / as soon as / until / before / after 时间从句中，主句将来时、从句现在时。正：If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home. 误：If it will rain...。变体：主句为祈使句或含情态动词时，从句同样用现在时。 4. 看特殊结构：①there be 将来式为 there will be / there is/are going to be——there will have（×），there be 与 have 不可叠用；②位移动词（come / go / leave / close / start）用现在进行时表按计划即将发生；③时刻表既定安排用一般现在时表将来。 （二）分层训练 【基础巩固】 1. —What time does Flight BA 2793 leave? —Just a minute. I ______ it for you. 　A. check　B. checked　C. will check　D. have checked 2. Lingling wants a new dress. She ______ it to the party. 　A. wears　B. is wearing　C. is going to wear　D. be going to wear 【能力提升】 3. The day after tomorrow they ______ a volleyball match in our school. 　A. will watch　B. watches　C. is going to watch　D. are going to watching 4. Just go down this road and you ______ the library next to the bank. 　A. find　B. found　C. will find　D. have found 【易错警示】 5. There ______ a football match ______ October 10th. Who will win the match? 　A. will have; on　B. will be; on　C. is going to have; on　D. is; on 6. Because the shop ______, all the T-shirts are sold at half price. 　A. has closed down　B. closed down　C. is closing down　D. had closed down 7. —Could you tell me if it ______ tomorrow? If it ______ tomorrow, I will stay at home. 　A. rain; rain　B. rains; rains　C. will rain; rains　D. will rain; will rain 【中考链接】 8. The book ______ the world last year and it ______ our world for years to come. 　A. influences; influences　B. influenced; will influence　C. will influence; influenced　D. has influenced; influences 五、语篇技巧　阅读理解·写作目的 （一）方法建构 写作目的题，按三步判定： ①看体裁：记叙文 → 讲故事、分享经历或借事说理；说明文 → 介绍特点、原理或解释现象；议论文 → 表达观点、说服读者。 ②看首尾段：首段点题或交代背景；末段才是目的的最终落点——作者在此发出号召、建议或邀请。 ③看高频词与观点句：反复出现的词体现重点；I think / In my opinion 直接表明态度。 【错误路径演示·必讲】最大陷阱是"细节概括项"：选项本身正确、文中也大篇幅出现，但它只是手段而非目的。如网球一文大段解释"15、30、40 的由来"，学生遂选 C（show us how scoring systems work）；但末段出现 "why not pick up your racket... enjoy some fun with tennis?"，可见解释规则是为了让你了解并产生兴趣，故选 D。判据：凡只复述内容的选项一律排除，正确答案必指向"作者想让你知道之后做什么"。 （二）分层训练 【基础巩固】　记叙文·写作目的 A Jackson was choking on his sandwich in the school dining hall. At first his friend Hunter thought he was joking, but when Jackson pointed to his throat, Hunter stood behind him and made a quick, hard movement near the top of his stomach. Jackson coughed the food out and could breathe again. Ms. Howa, who taught them the Heimlich Maneuver in class, was proud of Hunter. The writer writes this passage to ______. 　A. tell us a story about how a boy saved his friend　B. tell us not to play jokes while eating 　C. praise Ms. Howa for her good teaching　D. teach us how to use the Heimlich Maneuver 【能力提升】　说明文·写作目的 B A person has two ears but only one mouth, so we should listen, not just speak. The word "listen" has the same letters as the word "silent". Why is it important to be a good listener? When someone is sad or angry, we should listen silently until he gets calm. Our parents may talk too much, but they do so because they are anxious about our health and study. If we listen carefully, they will feel we care about them. Interrupting others also makes them unhappy. Let’s learn to listen with our ears, eyes and hearts and try to be good listeners from now on. The writer writes this passage to ______. 　A. show the result of a study　B. ask people to be a good listener　C. care about listening problems　D. play the "keep silent" game 【中考链接】　说明文·写作目的 C　Why Are Tennis Scores So Strange? Most sports have an easy scoring system, but tennis is different. Players start with zero — called "love" — and then score 15, 30, 40. In the early days the points were 15, 30, 45. People may have used the four quarters of a clock to score the game. Some believe "love" comes from the French word "L’oeuf" (the egg) — zero looks like an egg. Tennis is enjoyed worldwide. Tens of millions play it, with even more watching it on TV or their phones. So, why not pick up your racket (or sit down on your sofa) and enjoy some fun with tennis? The passage is written to ______. 　A. tell funny stories about tennis players　B. ask more people to learn tennis　C. show us how scoring systems work　D. make us know more about tennis and become interested in it 【三题通法】同一条判定链：定体裁 → 抓末段 → 验高频词 → 排除细节概括项。 六、课后巩固 两题主题与本讲一致（计划、决心与一般将来时），第 1 题巩固本讲词汇，第 2 题为新编语法填空。 （一）词与短语填空 方框词： common　improve　achieving　forget　promise　resolutions　maybe（两项多余） A resolution is a 1. ______ you make to yourself to improve your life. The most 2. ______ type is the New Year’s resolution. People make different kinds of 3. ______, but they often have trouble keeping them. Sometimes they 4. ______ about their goals, or the goals are too hard. To help in 5. ______ your resolutions, it is good to write them down and tell someone else. （二）语法填空（新编·非原题） The winter holiday is coming. I 1. ______ (make) a plan for it already. First, I 2. ______ (join) a swimming club because I want to keep fit. My mother says she 3. ______ (buy) me a new swimsuit this weekend. If I 4. ______ (keep) reading every day, my English 5. ______ (improve) a lot. I know I may 6. ______ (meet) some difficulties, but I will never give up. My best friend Lily 7. ______ (take) up painting during the holiday. She 8. ______ (show) me her works when we meet next month. I believe we 9. ______ (have) a meaningful holiday 10. ______ we stick to our plans. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 人教版·八年级上册·英语·教师版·2026年秋季 Unit 6　决心、计划与行动力——从词汇语境到写作目的 第九讲　词汇·语法·语篇综合-写作目的题总选文中说了的咋整 ● 单元同步精讲（教师版）　● 一般将来时 · 写作目的题 · 词汇运用　● 分层训练 一、书面表达 （一）微写作：家务计划（80 词左右） 【任务】周末你计划做力所能及的家务，请写 80 词左右短文，介绍计划并表达对家的感受。要点：1. your ideas about doing chores；2. your weekend plan for doing chores；3. what home means to you。参考词汇：in one’s opinion。 【范文】 I think it’s very important 1. ______ us to do chores. We can learn how 2. ______ (take) care of 3. ______ (we) and develop good habits by 4. ______ (do) chores. This weekend, I have 5. ______ plan to do some chores at home. On Saturday morning, I’ll clean my room and do the laundry. In the afternoon, I’ll help my mum cook dinner. I can learn some cooking 6. ______ (skill) from my mum. On Sunday morning, I’ll do the dishes 7. ______ sweep the floor. In the afternoon, I’ll water the flowers in the garden. Home is 8. ______ (important) place in my heart. It 9. ______ (be) a special place full of love and 10. ______ (warm). 【答案】1. for　2. to take　3. ourselves　4. doing　5. a　6. skills　7. and　8. the most important　9. is　10. warmth 【解析】1. It is + adj. + for sb. to do，it 作形式主语。2. 疑问词 + 不定式，learn how to take care of。3. take care of 的动作回到自己身上，用反身代词 ourselves。4. by 是介词，后接动名词 doing。5. have a plan to do sth.。6. some 后接可数名词复数 skills。7. 两个并列谓语间缺连词，属结构性空，填 and。8. 有 in my heart 范围限定，用最高级 the most important。9. It 是单数，be 动词用 is。10. full of 后接名词，warm 变名词 warmth。 （二）篇章写作：Look Forward to 2026 【任务】农历新年将至，学校开展“Look forward to 2026”征文。请写出新年决心、理由与实现方式。要点：1. What are your resolutions? 2. Why do you make them? 3. How are you going to keep them? 4. Something more about it。 【范文】 As the year draws to a close, it’s the perfect time to think 1. ______ the changes. It is important for me 2. ______ (set) clear resolutions for 2026. Last year, I wasted much time on phone games, which 3. ______ (make) my study efficiency low. So I decide 4. ______ (improve) 5. ______ (I) in study and habits. To make progress 6. ______ (steady), I have two main plans. Only by 7. ______ (make) daily plans can I achieve my goals. Because good habits decide 8. ______ (one) future, I will study harder. 9. ______ I meet difficulties, I will never give up. It is consistent efforts that matter most. Besides, I will exercise for 20 minutes daily. If I keep these resolutions, I will become a 10. ______ (good) teenager. I believe I can welcome a brighter 2026 with full energy. 【答案】1. about　2. to set　3. made　4. to improve　5. myself　6. steadily　7. making　8. one’s　9. When　10. better 【解析】1. think about 表“考虑”。2. It is important for sb. to do sth.，it 作形式主语，真主语是后面的不定式。3. last year 锁定过去时；which 指代整件事，谓语用单数 made。4. decide to do sth.。5. 动作及于自身，用反身代词 myself。6. 修饰动词须用副词 steadily。7. by 是介词，后接动名词 making；注意倒装：only + 介词短语置句首，主句部分倒装（can I achieve），写成 I can 是本篇最高频失分点。8. 名词 future 前用物主代词 one’s。9. 时间状语从句“When”，主将从现。10. 与过去的自己比较，用比较级 better。 二、核心词汇　U6 Part 1 （一）语境识词 1. We should drop the bad habits in our daily life, and missing good chances often makes us regret. 我们应当摒弃日常生活中的坏习惯，错失良机常常会让我们懊悔不已。 【错误路径演示】 学生常把“摒弃”写成 miss（*We should miss the bad habits*）。miss 只有“①想念　②错过”两义，没有“抛弃”义；摒弃应写 drop / give up。句中 missing 为动名词作主语，取“错过”义。 2. We should be able to face difficulties bravely, and able students always find ways to solve problems. 我们应当能够勇敢面对困难，有能力的学生总会想出办法解决问题。 3. We should stick to our dreams firmly, and he picked up a small stick to support himself when climbing the hill. 我们应当坚定地坚持梦想；他爬山时捡起一根小树枝来借力支撑身体。 【对比】 stick to 中 stick 是动词“坚持”，to 是介词，后接名词、代词或动名词；a small stick 中 stick 是名词“棍、手杖”。 4. We should achieve our goals through hard work, and his great achievement is praised by all his teachers. 我们应当凭借努力实现目标，他出色的成绩得到了所有老师的称赞。 5. We should not take up too much time playing games, and the new hobby he takes up is reading English books. 我们不应该花太多时间玩游戏；他开始从事的新爱好是读英文书。 【对比】 take up 辨义看宾语：time / space → 占据；hobby / sport → 开始从事。 （二）词性转换 词根 派生链 考点 miss v. 想念；错过　n. 失误 missing adj. 失踪的；缺少的 missing 只作形容词 able adj. 有能力的 ability n. → enable v. → disable v. → disabled adj. → unable adj. 反义前缀 dis- 与 un- 分工不同 stick v. 坚持；粘贴　n. 棍 sticky adj. 粘性的；棘手的 stick to 的 to 是介词 achieve v. 实现 achievement n. 成就 变名词去 e 加 -ment 三、词汇运用　分层训练 （一）单句语法填空　【基础巩固·词汇运用】 1. If you work hard, you will ______ (success) in realizing your dream. 2. His physical disability makes him ______ (able) to take part in the sports meeting. 3. We should ______ (stick) to our principles and never give in easily. 4. The little boy takes pride in his small ______ (achieve) in handcrafts. 5. I regret ______ (miss) the chance of studying abroad last year. 6. Modern technology ______ (able) people to work efficiently at home. 7. If you stick to ______ (practice), you will improve your oral English soon. 8. Too many useless apps take up too much storage space, which affects phones’ running ______ (speed). 【答案】1. succeed　2. unable　3. stick　4. achievements　5. missing　6. enables　7. practicing　8. speed 【解析】1. will 后接原形，succeed in doing sth.。2. 由 disability（残疾）推断“不能够”，be unable to。3. should 后接原形，stick to。4. take pride in 后接名词，呼应复数 handcrafts，填 achievements。5. regret doing 表“后悔做过”，regret to do 表“遗憾要做”。6. technology 不可数，作主语谓语用单数 enables。7. 错误路径演示：写成 to practice 是本讲最高频错误——stick to / look forward to / be used to / pay attention to 中的 to 都是介词，后接动名词 practicing。8. take up 取“占据”义，running speed 名词短语。 （二）选词与短语填空　【能力提升·语篇运用】 方框词： miss　enable　stick to　take up　achieve　unable　achievement（一项多余） Making a personal plan is the first step to self-improvement. Many teenagers want to 【答案】1. miss　2. unable　3. enable　4. take up　5. stick to　6. achievement（多余项：achieve） 【解析】1. 缺谓语，表“错过机会”，填 miss。2. be unable to do，呼应上文 lack persistence。3. enable sb. to do，主语 plans 为复数，enable 用原形。4. take up time 表“占据时间”。5. 缺谓语短语，表“坚持计划”，填 stick to。6. great 与 lead to 后均接名词，填 achievement。 【成分定位法】 先判空处成分：缺谓语 → 动词中选；缺名词 → achievement；缺表语形容词 → unable。 （三）综合填空　【中考链接·篇章运用】 Everyone wants to make a perfect self-plan and become better. But many people fail 1. ______ (realize) their goals in the end. Some people often regret 2. ______ (miss) good chances because of laziness. Ordinary people have ordinary 3. ______ (able), but what 4. ______ (matter) is perseverance. Perseverance 5. ______ (move) us forward steadily. We must stick 6. ______ our plans instead of giving up halfway. Continuous efforts will help us 7. ______ (achievement) our dreams. Never be afraid of temporary failure. Even if you are 8. ______ (able) to step forward at first, don’t quit. Small progress will leave deep impressions 9. ______ your mind and finally turn into great 10. ______ (achieve). 【答案】1. to realize　2. missing　3. abilities　4. matters　5. moves　6. to（无提示·介词）　7. achieve　8. unable　9. on（无提示·介词）　10. achievements 【解析】1. fail to do sth.。2. regret doing（已发生）。3. 后接名词，呼应 people 用复数 abilities。4. what 引导主语从句视为单数，谓语加 -s，填 matters；错误路径：写成 what matter 是常见失分点。5. perseverance 不可数，作主语谓语用单数 moves。6. 固定搭配 stick to。7. help sb. (to) do，用动词原形 achieve。8. be unable to do。9. leave impressions on one’s mind，介词 on。10. 后接名词，复数表“种种成就”，填 achievements。 【无提示词空解法】 ①是否构成固定搭配；②是否缺连词；③是否缺冠词或代词。答案必为虚词。 四、核心语法　一般将来时 （一）考点认知路径 判定不是“看到将来就填 will”，而是走一条 1. 看时间状语：tomorrow、next week、in the future、the day after tomorrow、in + 一段时间、soon。 2. 看计划与迹象：be going to 强调事先打算或有迹象即将发生（Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.）；will 强调说话当下的临时决定、客观将来或意愿承诺。 3. 看主从句（主将从现）：if 条件句与 when / as soon as / until / before / after 时间从句中，主句将来时、从句现在时。正：If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home. 误：If it will rain...。变体：主句为祈使句或含情态动词时，从句同样用现在时。 4. 看特殊结构：①there be 将来式为 there will be / there is/are going to be——there will have（×），there be 与 have 不可叠用；②位移动词（come / go / leave / close / start）用现在进行时表按计划即将发生；③时刻表既定安排用一般现在时表将来。 （二）分层训练 【基础巩固】 1. —What time does Flight BA 2793 leave? —Just a minute. I ______ it for you. 　A. check　B. checked　C. will check　D. have checked 【答案】C 【解析】 对方正要去查，“我这就替你查”是说话当下做出的决定，用 will check。D 的 have checked（已经查完）与 Just a minute（稍等）自相矛盾。 2. Lingling wants a new dress. She ______ it to the party. 　A. wears　B. is wearing　C. is going to wear　D. be going to wear 【答案】C 【解析】 wants 提示她早就打定主意，去派对上穿新裙子是“事先安排”，用 is going to wear。D 缺了 be 动词的正确形式，是干扰外壳。 【能力提升】 3. The day after tomorrow they ______ a volleyball match in our school. 　A. will watch　B. watches　C. is going to watch　D. are going to watching 【答案】A 【解析】 they 是复数，B、C 主谓不一致先排除；D 的 be going to 后须接原形，不是 -ing。the day after tomorrow 锁定将来，答案 will watch。 4. Just go down this road and you ______ the library next to the bank. 　A. find　B. found　C. will find　D. have found 【答案】C 【解析】“祈使句 + and + 结果分句”里，and 后面是顺承下来的结果，用 will find。误选 A 是把 and 误当成连接两个祈使句——这里是“先走，然后你会看见”，结果句须用 will。 【易错警示】 5. There ______ a football match ______ October 10th. Who will win the match? 　A. will have; on　B. will be; on　C. is going to have; on　D. is; on 【答案】B 【解析】 there be 的将来式只能是 there will be 或 there is/are going to be，A、C 的 there will have 是典型搭配错误；具体日期前用介词 on。 6. Because the shop ______, all the T-shirts are sold at half price. 　A. has closed down　B. closed down　C. is closing down　D. had closed down 【答案】C 【解析】 现在还在打折甩卖，说明“即将关门”，用现在进行时 is closing down 表按计划即将发生。若已关门（A / B）就谈不上“现在甩卖”，D 更缺过去参照点。 7. —Could you tell me if it ______ tomorrow? If it ______ tomorrow, I will stay at home. 　A. rain; rain　B. rains; rains　C. will rain; rains　D. will rain; will rain 【答案】C 【解析】 第一空在宾语从句里，if 表“是否”，可用将来时 will rain；第二空在条件从句里，if 表“如果”，须主将从现，用 rains。两空都带 tomorrow，学生最容易两空都填 will rain——判据不在时间状语，而在 if 是“是否”还是“如果”。 【中考链接】 8. The book ______ the world last year and it ______ our world for years to come. 　A. influences; influences　B. influenced; will influence　C. will influence; influenced　D. has influenced; influences 【答案】B 【解析】 last year 锁过去用 influenced，for years to come 锁将来用 will influence。同一主语前后两个时间状语，各自锁定各自的时态。 五、语篇技巧　阅读理解·写作目的 （一）方法建构 写作目的题（ ①看体裁：记叙文 → 讲故事、分享经历或借事说理；说明文 → 介绍特点、原理或解释现象；议论文 → 表达观点、说服读者。 ②看首尾段：首段点题或交代背景；末段才是目的的最终落点——作者在此发出号召、建议或邀请。 ③看高频词与观点句：反复出现的词体现重点；I think / In my opinion 直接表明态度。 【错误路径演示·必讲】 最大陷阱是“细节概括项”：选项本身正确、文中也大篇幅出现，但它只是手段而非目的。如网球一文大段解释“15、30、40 的由来”，学生遂选 C（show us how scoring systems work）；但末段出现 “why not pick up your racket... enjoy some fun with tennis?”，可见解释规则是为了让你了解并产生兴趣，故选 D。判据：凡只复述内容的选项一律排除，正确答案必指向“作者想让你知道之后做什么”。 （二）分层训练 【基础巩固】　记叙文·写作目的 A Jackson was choking on his sandwich in the school dining hall. At first his friend Hunter thought he was joking, but when Jackson pointed to his throat, Hunter stood behind him and made a quick, hard movement near the top of his stomach. Jackson coughed the food out and could breathe again. Ms. Howa, who taught them the Heimlich Maneuver in class, was proud of Hunter. The writer writes this passage to ______. 　A. tell us a story about how a boy saved his friend　B. tell us not to play jokes while eating 　C. praise Ms. Howa for her good teaching　D. teach us how to use the Heimlich Maneuver 【答案】A　【分类】 写作目的·记叙文 【解析】 按“事故—施救—老师反应”讲述校园急救事件，属记叙文，目的在讲故事。B 是细节，C 是次要情感；D 为最强干扰——文中确有急救动作描写，但它是故事组成部分，无 step one / you should 等指令语，非操作指南。 【能力提升】　说明文·写作目的 B A person has two ears but only one mouth, so we should listen, not just speak. The word "listen" has the same letters as the word "silent". Why is it important to be a good listener? When someone is sad or angry, we should listen silently until he gets calm. Our parents may talk too much, but they do so because they are anxious about our health and study. If we listen carefully, they will feel we care about them. Interrupting others also makes them unhappy. Let’s learn to listen with our ears, eyes and hearts and try to be good listeners from now on. The writer writes this passage to ______. 　A. show the result of a study　B. ask people to be a good listener　C. care about listening problems　D. play the "keep silent" game 【答案】B　【分类】 写作目的·说明文 【解析】 首段以“两耳一嘴”引出“应倾听而非只说”，中间用“倾听让父母感到被关心、插话让人不快”论证倾听的价值，末段以 Let’s... from now on 发出号召。A 无中生有；C 属细节概括型干扰——文章谈倾听的态度而非听力障碍；D 曲解 silent 字面义。 【中考链接】　说明文·写作目的 C　Why Are Tennis Scores So Strange? Most sports have an easy scoring system, but tennis is different. Players start with zero — called "love" — and then score 15, 30, 40. In the early days the points were 15, 30, 45. People may have used the four quarters of a clock to score the game. Some believe "love" comes from the French word "L’oeuf" (the egg) — zero looks like an egg. Tennis is enjoyed worldwide. Tens of millions play it, with even more watching it on TV or their phones. So, why not pick up your racket (or sit down on your sofa) and enjoy some fun with tennis? The passage is written to ______. 　A. tell funny stories about tennis players　B. ask more people to learn tennis　C. show us how scoring systems work　D. make us know more about tennis and become interested in it 【答案】D　【分类】 写作目的·说明文 【解析】 主体解释计分由来，末段以“why not pick up your racket... enjoy some fun with tennis?”发出邀请，解释规则只是手段。B 为强干扰——“or sit down on your sofa”表明看球亦可，learn 表述过窄；C 属典型细节概括项。 【三题通法】 同一条判定链：定体裁 → 抓末段 → 验高频词 → 排除细节概括项。 六、课后巩固 两题主题与本讲一致（计划、决心与一般将来时），第 1 题巩固本讲词汇，第 2 题为新编语法填空。 （一）词与短语填空 方框词： common　improve　achieving　forget　promise　resolutions　maybe（两项多余） A resolution is a 1. ______ you make to yourself to improve your life. The most 2. ______ type is the New Year’s resolution. People make different kinds of 3. ______, but they often have trouble keeping them. Sometimes they 4. ______ about their goals, or the goals are too hard. To help in 5. ______ your resolutions, it is good to write them down and tell someone else. 【答案】1. promise　2. common　3. resolutions　4. forget　5. achieving（多余项：improve、maybe） 【解析】1. a 后接单数名词，“对自己许下的承诺”，填 promise。2. the most + 原级构成最高级，填 common。3. different kinds of 后接复数，填 resolutions。4. 缺谓语，forget about 呼应 have trouble keeping them。5. in 为介词，后接动名词 achieving。 （二）语法填空（新编·非原题） The winter holiday is coming. I 1. ______ (make) a plan for it already. First, I 2. ______ (join) a swimming club because I want to keep fit. My mother says she 3. ______ (buy) me a new swimsuit this weekend. If I 4. ______ (keep) reading every day, my English 5. ______ (improve) a lot. I know I may 6. ______ (meet) some difficulties, but I will never give up. My best friend Lily 7. ______ (take) up painting during the holiday. She 8. ______ (show) me her works when we meet next month. I believe we 9. ______ (have) a meaningful holiday 10. ______ we stick to our plans. 【答案】1. have made　2. will join / am going to join　3. will buy / is going to buy　4. keep　5. will improve　6. meet　7. will take / is going to take　8. will show　9. will have　10. if 【解析】1. already 提示现在完成时，have made。2. 寒假计划用将来时，will join / am going to join。3. this weekend 表将来，will buy / is going to buy。4. 条件从句用现在时表将来（主将从现），填 keep。5. 主句用将来时，will improve。6. may 后接原形，meet。7. 假期打算，take up 取“开始从事”义，will take / is going to take。8. next month 提示将来时，will show。9. 对未来状态的预测，will have。10. 无提示词空，两句缺连词，由句意填 if。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $