3.5 Natural Disaster Prevention（Language in Use）-《英语 基础模块3》（语文版2022版）《一课一练》（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 聚焦非谓语动词，通过课前预习（概念自测+理论精讲）与课堂检测（语法填空+书面表达）分层设计，实现从语法识别到语篇应用的知识巩固路径，适配中职同步教学需求，提升语言能力与学习能力。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |课前预习|非谓语动词单一概念（不定式/现在分词作定语、宾补等）|4道选择自测题+5点语法精讲，强化基础识别能力，培养自主学习习惯| |课堂检测|非谓语动词综合语篇应用|10空语法填空（地震训练情境语篇）+书面表达（防灾准备短文），提升语言应用与逻辑思维，体现学科从句型到语篇的递进|

编写说明：本系列紧扣中职学生英语基础与专业学习需求，结合英语学科特点，为提高学习效率，落实课前、课中、课后学习环节，专门编写了以下《中等职业学校英语课程标准》配套的江苏专用《英语 基础模块3》（语文版2022版）《一课一练》（解析版）。 以下为《英语 基础模块3》（语文版2022版）Unit 3 Natural Disaster Prevention（Language in Use）的课前预习与课堂检测。 Unit 3 Natural Disaster Prevention （5）Language in Use 【课前预习】 一、语法概念自测 1. 在"I found him lying on the ground."中，lying作什么成分？ A. 主语 B. 宾语补足语 C. 定语 D. 表语 【答案】B 【解析】考点：现在分词作宾语补足语。句意：我发现他躺在地上。lying说明him当时的状态，在find sb. doing结构中作宾语补足语。A项为主语；C项为定语；D项为表语。故选B。 2. 在"They need a safe place to stay."中，to stay作什么成分？ A. 定语 B. 状语 C. 宾语 D. 主语 【答案】A 【解析】考点：不定式作后置定语。句意：他们需要一个安全的地方住下。to stay修饰place，说明要做的事。B项为状语；C项为宾语；D项为主语。故选A。 3. "The officer told us not to enter."中的not to enter是什么？ A. 过去分词 B. 动名词 C. 否定不定式 D. 谓语 【答案】C 【解析】考点：不定式的否定式。句意：警官告诉我们不要进入。tell sb. not to do sth.中，not to enter为否定不定式作宾语补足语。A项为过去分词；B项为动名词；D项为谓语。故选C。 4. 下列哪句含有现在分词作宾语补足语？ A. To prepare is important. B. I saw water rising quickly. C. We need food to eat. D. The plan is to leave. 【答案】B 【解析】考点：现在分词作宾语补足语。A项To prepare作主语；B项saw water rising为see sb./sth. doing结构，rising作宾补；C项to eat作定语；D项to leave作表语。故选B。 二、语法精讲：非谓语动词（Ⅱ） 1. 不定式作定语 不定式常放在名词或代词后，说明要做的事，如water to drink。 2. 不定式作宾语补足语 ask / tell / allow / advise / want + sb. + to do；否定式为not to do。 3. 现在分词作宾语补足语 see / hear / find / notice + sb. + doing，强调动作正在进行。 4. 不带to的不定式 使役动词make / let以及感官动词see / hear在主动结构中可接sb. do。 5. 易混点 see sb. do强调动作全过程；see sb. doing强调动作正在发生。 【课堂检测】 一、语法填空（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） A rescue centre tested a new training room for earthquake response. The room can produce safe shaking, allowing workers to __1__ (experience) how difficult movement becomes during an emergency. Before entering, each trainee receives a helmet to __2__ (protect) the head and a clear list of tasks. The equipment is checked before every session, and the trainer can stop the movement immediately if anyone feels unwell. During the first exercise, the trainer saw several people __3__ (run) toward the door at the same time. He stopped the test and reminded them not to __4__ (push) one another. The safest action was to __5__ (drop) down, cover the head and hold on to a strong table until the shaking stopped. The second exercise included smoke and a blocked passage. Trainees had to find another route according __6__ the emergency map. A worker noticed an older visitor __7__ (stand) beside a glass wall and guided him away. Two cameras recorded the exercise, __8__ allowed the group to study each decision later. After the training, everyone had __9__ useful idea to share about the experience. Some admitted that knowing a rule was different from performing it under pressure. Others suggested clearer signs near emergency exits, especially in noisy workshops where spoken instructions may be difficult to hear. The centre plans to invite more factory teams to __10__ (practise) together, because coordinated action can prevent confusion and save valuable time. Disaster training cannot copy every real danger. However, it gives people a controlled environment in which to recognise unsafe habits and replace them with useful actions. 【答案】1. experience　2. protect　3. running　4. push　5. drop　6. to　7. standing　8. which　9. a　10. practise 【导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍救援中心用模拟晃动开展地震应急演练，集中考查不定式作定语、宾补以及现在分词作宾语补足语等本单元核心语法。 【详解】 1. experience 考点：非谓语动词。句意：该房间可以产生安全晃动，让工作人员体验紧急情况下行动有多困难。allow sb. to do sth.，空前已有to，填动词原形experience。故填experience。 2. protect 考点：不定式作目的状语。句意：进入前，每位受训者都会领到一顶保护头部的头盔和一份清晰任务单。空前已有to，填动词原形protect。故填protect。 3. running 考点：现在分词作宾补。句意：第一次演练中，训练员看到好几个人同时朝门口跑。see sb. doing强调看到动作正在发生，填running。故填running。 4. push 考点：不定式否定式。句意：他停下测试，提醒他们不要互相推搡。remind sb. not to do sth.，空前已有not to，填动词原形push。故填push。 5. drop 考点：不定式作表语。句意：最安全的做法是蹲下、护住头部，并抓住结实的桌子，直到晃动停止。空前已有to，填动词原形drop。故填drop。 6. to 考点：介词。句意：受训者必须根据应急地图另找路线。固定搭配according to表示“根据”。故填to。 7. standing 考点：现在分词作宾补。句意：一名工人注意到一位年长访客正站在玻璃墙旁，便把他带走。notice sb. doing，填standing。故填standing。 8. which 考点：非限制性定语从句。句意：两台摄像机记录了这次演练，这使小组之后可以研究每一个决定。which指代前面整件事。故填which。 9. a 考点：冠词。句意：训练结束后，每个人都有一个关于这次经历的有用想法可以分享。idea为辅音音素开头的可数名词单数，表泛指用a。故填a。 10. practise 考点：非谓语动词。句意：该中心计划邀请更多工厂团队一起演练。invite sb. to do sth.，空前已有to，填动词原形practise。故填practise。 二、书面表达（满分15分） 某社区将开展“家庭防灾准备周”活动。请你以How to Prepare for a Natural Disaster为题写一篇英语短文，介绍家庭应如何做好灾前准备。 写作要点：1. 制订联系和撤离计划；2. 准备应急物资；3. 关注官方预警并定期演练。 要求：1. 词数80词以上；2. 行文连贯；3. 文中不得出现真实姓名和地名；4. 规范使用标点与大小写。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 【范文】 How to Prepare for a Natural Disaster Natural disasters may arrive with little warning, so every family should prepare in advance. First, make a communication plan and choose a safe meeting place. Everyone should know the evacuation route and the phone number of a contact person. Second, prepare an emergency kit with water, food, medicine, a flashlight, batteries and a first-aid kit. Check these supplies regularly. When an official warning is issued, keep calm and follow the required action instead of spreading uncertain messages. Finally, practise the plan together. Good preparation cannot stop a disaster, but it can reduce confusion and help family members protect one another. 【导语】说明文。短文从制订联络与撤离方案、储备应急物资、接收官方预警并家庭演练三方面介绍家庭防灾准备，要点齐全，结构清晰。 【详解】写作可按“总—分—总”展开：首段点明提前准备的必要性；中间两段分别写计划和物资；末段写演练并回扣主题。注意使用prepare in advance、evacuation route、emergency kit、official warning等单元核心表达。 【点睛】高分句型：Natural disasters may arrive with little warning, so every family should prepare in advance.（so引导结果状语从句）Good preparation cannot stop a disaster, but it can reduce confusion and help family members protect one another.（but转折升华意义） 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本系列紧扣中职学生英语基础与专业学习需求，结合英语学科特点，为提高学习效率，落实课前、课中、课后学习环节，专门编写了以下《中等职业学校英语课程标准》配套的江苏专用《英语 基础模块3》（语文版2022版）《一课一练》（解析版）。 以下为《英语 基础模块3》（语文版2022版）Unit 3 Natural Disaster Prevention（Language in Use）的课前预习与课堂检测。 Unit 3 Natural Disaster Prevention （5）Language in Use 【课前预习】 一、语法概念自测 1. 在"I found him lying on the ground."中，lying作什么成分？ A. 主语 B. 宾语补足语 C. 定语 D. 表语 2. 在"They need a safe place to stay."中，to stay作什么成分？ A. 定语 B. 状语 C. 宾语 D. 主语 3. "The officer told us not to enter."中的not to enter是什么？ A. 过去分词 B. 动名词 C. 否定不定式 D. 谓语 4. 下列哪句含有现在分词作宾语补足语？ A. To prepare is important. B. I saw water rising quickly. C. We need food to eat. D. The plan is to leave. 二、语法精讲：非谓语动词（Ⅱ） 1. 不定式作定语 不定式常放在名词或代词后，说明要做的事，如water to drink。 2. 不定式作宾语补足语 ask / tell / allow / advise / want + sb. + to do；否定式为not to do。 3. 现在分词作宾语补足语 see / hear / find / notice + sb. + doing，强调动作正在进行。 4. 不带to的不定式 使役动词make / let以及感官动词see / hear在主动结构中可接sb. do。 5. 易混点 see sb. do强调动作全过程；see sb. doing强调动作正在发生。 【课堂检测】 一、语法填空（共10小题；每小题2分，满分20分） A rescue centre tested a new training room for earthquake response. The room can produce safe shaking, allowing workers to __1__ (experience) how difficult movement becomes during an emergency. Before entering, each trainee receives a helmet to __2__ (protect) the head and a clear list of tasks. The equipment is checked before every session, and the trainer can stop the movement immediately if anyone feels unwell. During the first exercise, the trainer saw several people __3__ (run) toward the door at the same time. He stopped the test and reminded them not to __4__ (push) one another. The safest action was to __5__ (drop) down, cover the head and hold on to a strong table until the shaking stopped. The second exercise included smoke and a blocked passage. Trainees had to find another route according __6__ the emergency map. A worker noticed an older visitor __7__ (stand) beside a glass wall and guided him away. Two cameras recorded the exercise, __8__ allowed the group to study each decision later. After the training, everyone had __9__ useful idea to share about the experience. Some admitted that knowing a rule was different from performing it under pressure. Others suggested clearer signs near emergency exits, especially in noisy workshops where spoken instructions may be difficult to hear. The centre plans to invite more factory teams to __10__ (practise) together, because coordinated action can prevent confusion and save valuable time. Disaster training cannot copy every real danger. However, it gives people a controlled environment in which to recognise unsafe habits and replace them with useful actions. 二、书面表达（满分15分） 某社区将开展“家庭防灾准备周”活动。请你以How to Prepare for a Natural Disaster为题写一篇英语短文，介绍家庭应如何做好灾前准备。 写作要点：1. 制订联系和撤离计划；2. 准备应急物资；3. 关注官方预警并定期演练。 要求：1. 词数80词以上；2. 行文连贯；3. 文中不得出现真实姓名和地名；4. 规范使用标点与大小写。 ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $