Unit 5 Work education 阅读表达（热点题型专练）英语新教材冀教版八年级上册

**基本信息** 聚焦“人与自我—劳动教育”话题，构建“题型分类-技巧提炼-考点预测-分层训练”四维体系，系统培养阅读表达能力与劳动素养。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |题型解读|4类题型|事实细节题定位提取、主旨题概括核心、推理题语境解读、开放题观点表达|从基础信息抓取到高阶思维输出，形成能力递进链| |解题技巧|5大步骤|关键词定位、主题句抓取、语境推理、观点结构化、答题规范检查|按“审题-解题-检查”流程，强化解题闭环思维| |命题预测|4大方向|劳动场景（家务/校园/农场/志愿）、品质主题（责任/合作）|紧扣“劳动故事-价值感悟-自我联结”命题逻辑| |分层训练|18篇短文|基础篇（10篇）夯实细节提取，拔高篇（8篇）深化推理与开放表达|由易到难覆盖劳动教育全场景，适配不同能力水平|

Unit 5 Work education 阅读表达题型专练（话题：人与自我—劳动教育） 热点题型概览 板块 详细内容 题型解读 阅读表达（短文回答问题），一篇短文设置 5 道问答题，共分为四类题型： 1. 事实细节题：3‑4 道，考查人物、时间、地点、事件、原因、方式等，可在原文定位，摘抄、整合原文信息作答； 2. 主旨大意题：0‑1 道，考查段落主旨、文章标题，需要概括文本核心内容； 3. 推理 / 词义理解题：0‑1 道，结合上下文语境理解句子深层含义； 4. 开放性表达题：1 道，结合文本话题发表个人观点，部分题目有词数限制；答题形式包含简略短语回答、完整句子回答，部分题干明确规定词数；本套专题话题为人与自我 —— 劳动教育。 解题技巧 1. 事实细节题：读题干，圈画 who/what/when/where/why/how 等关键词，回原文定位原句，提取信息；一般疑问句注意用 Yes/No 作答； 2. 主旨 / 标题题：通读全文或指定段落，抓取主题句，舍弃举例等细节，概括核心；标题要求简洁，贴合文章主题； 3. 词义 / 句意题：不能只做字面翻译，结合上下文语境解读内在含义； 4. 开放性问答题：先亮明个人观点，理由紧扣文章主题，严格遵守词数限制，选用简单、语法正确的英语句式； 5. 答题检查：保证问答对应一致，人称、时态统一，注意大小写、标点；看清题目要求，区分简略回答和完整句子回答。 命题预测 单元话题：人与自我 —— 劳动教育 1. 人物故事：中学生参加家务劳动、农场实践、校园劳动、志愿劳动的成长叙事； 2. 品质主题：责任、合作、坚持、感恩、珍惜劳动成果； 3. 高频场景：居家做家务、校园值日、农场实践课、社区志愿劳动、手工劳动； 4. 命题导向：从劳动故事中感悟人生道理，联系自身实际完成开放问答，实现情感教育。 预测考点 1. 特殊疑问句：when 时间、where 地点、who 人物、what 事件事物、why 原因、how 方式； 2. 一般疑问句：Yes/No 判断式回答； 3. 信息定位提取：事件起因、过程、结果，人物行为、感受、收获； 4. 主旨概括：段落大意、文章标题； 5. 句意与推理：结合语境推断人物品质、文本蕴含的道理； 6. 开放表达：结合故事谈启示、谈自身做法，部分题目限定词数； 7. 答题规范：完整句子 / 简略短语作答，注意词数限制、大小写； 8. 高频同义替换：cooperate with 与…… 合作；a sense of responsibility 责任感；learn by doing 实践中学习；be beneficial to 对…… 有益。 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 根据短文内容回答下列问题，1‑4 题答案不超过 6 个单词。 Many teenagers do some chores at home. Doing chores is good for them. They can learn some simple life skills, such as sweeping the floor and folding clothes. They do not get money for most housework. But they can get real‑life experience. Doing small chores helps them build a sense of responsibility. It also helps them understand their parents’ hard work. 1．What do many teenagers do at home? __________________________________________________ 2．What skill can teenagers learn from chores? ________________________________________ 3．Do most teenagers get money for housework? ______________________________________ 4．What feeling can chores help teenagers build? ________________________________________ 5．What do you think of doing chores for teenagers? ______________________________________________ Passage 2 Doing housework is a necessary part for students. But some students hate doing chores. They think it takes too much of their study time. However, housework does not always take long. Some chores are quick, like taking out the rubbish or tidying desks. When you do chores, you can learn by doing. You can also learn to cooperate with your family members. It is not only parents’ job to keep the house clean. Every family member should share the housework. 1．Why do some students hate doing chores? __________________________________ 2．What are two quick‑finished chores in the text? ________________________________ 3．What can we learn when we do chores? ___________________________________ 4．Who should share the housework in a family? __________________________________________ 5．Will you share housework with your family? Why? _______________________________________ Passage 3 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。 Our school has work‑education classes once a month. Students go to the school small farm. They plant vegetables and water young plants. They also learn to do some simple farm work. Tom enjoys the farm work very much. He thinks physical work is beneficial to his body. He learns many new skills there. He also learns to cooperate with his classmates. The hard work teaches him the value of food. He will not waste food any more. 1．How often does the school have work‑education classes? _______________________________________ 2．Where do students go for work‑education classes? __________________________________________________ 3．What do students do on the school farm? ________________________________ 4．What does Tom think of physical work? ______________________________________________ 5．What lesson does Tom learn from farm work? _________________________________________ Passage 4 Many schools ask students to do some school duties. School duties mean kinds of work for the whole class. For example, cleaning the classroom, taking out rubbish and watering the classroom plants. Different groups take turns to finish these jobs. Every student has a small task. It helps students develop a sense of responsibility. They learn to work with partners. They also learn to respect other people’s work. 1．What does “school duties” mean? ______________________________________________ 2．Give two examples of school duties. ______________________________________ 3．Who takes turns finishing these jobs? _____________________________________ 4．Does every student get a small task? __________________________________ 5．What can students learn from school duties?（答一点即可） ______________________________________ Passage 5 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每题不超过 7 个单词。 Volunteer work is a special kind of work education. Last Saturday, some students in Grade Eight went to the community garden. They helped clean the garden and pick up rubbish. Some students planted small flowers. They worked for three hours. They felt tired but happy. They learned to serve other people. They also learned the importance of teamwork. 1．What is volunteer work? ___________________________________ 2．Where did Grade‑8 students go last Saturday? _______________________________________ 3．What work did they do there?（写出一项） _______________________________________ 4．How long did they work? ___________________________________ 5．How did they feel after volunteer work? _____________________________________ Passage 6 Doing manual work（手工劳动）is popular among many middle‑school students. Some students learn to make simple things by hand, such as paper‑cutting, making small bags. It takes time and patience to finish hand‑made works. You may fail many times before you make a good work. But you can learn a lot. You can improve your hands‑on skills. You will also become more patient. The more you practice, the better your works will be. 1．What is popular among many middle‑school students? _________________________________________ 2．Give one example of manual work in the text. ______________________________________ 3．What do you need to finish hand‑made works? ____________________________________ 4．What may happen before you get a good work? _______________________________________ 5．What can you get from manual work?（写一点） __________________________________________ Passage 7 Many parents do almost all housework for their children. They hope their kids can spend all time on study. However, this is not good for teenagers’ growth. When teenagers never do chores, they will not know how to look after themselves. They cannot build a sense of responsibility. They will always depend on their parents. Experts advise parents to let teenagers do proper housework. Even some easy chores like folding clothes can bring good changes for teenagers. Teenagers can learn by doing simple housework. 1．What do many parents do for their children? __________________________________ 2．Why do many parents do so much housework for kids? _________________________________ 3．What will happen if teenagers never do any chores? _____________________________________ 4．What is experts’ advice for parents? ______________________________________ 5．What easy chore does the writer mention in this passage? _____________________________________ Passage 8 Farm‑work practice is a great chance for city students. Most city teenagers hardly get close to land and plants. Some schools organize one‑day farm practice activities for students. Students go to the farm and experience real farm work. They help farmers plant vegetables, pull weeds and pick fruit. They feel how hard farmers work. They know food does not come easily. They learn to value food. Besides, physical farm work is beneficial to their body. They also learn how to cooperate with partners when they finish group farm tasks. 1．Why is farm‑work practice good for city students? _________________________________ 2．What do most city teenagers hardly get close to? ____________________________________ 3．What work do students do on the farm?（写两项） ____________________________________ 4．What good value do students learn from farm work? ___________________________________ 5．What other benefit can students get from group farm work? ____________________________________ Passage 9 Working with your hands is very important. But many modern teenagers spend most free time on phones or computers. They seldom do any real physical work. Some schools set up hand‑work clubs. In the clubs, students learn to repair small things, grow plants or make simple objects. They need to follow steps and be careful. The more practice they get, the more skills they will have. These practical skills will be useful in their later life. 1．What do many teenagers spend most free time doing? _______________________________ 2．Do many teenagers do much physical work in their free time? ___________________________________ 3．What do some schools set up for students? _______________________________________ 4．What can students learn in hand‑work clubs?（写出一例） ____________________________________ 5．Why are these practical skills important? ________________________________________ Passage 10 Doing chores can teach teenagers many lessons, but some teenagers do not know how to start. Here is some practical advice for you. First, start with small and easy chores. You can begin with taking out rubbish or tidying your own bedroom. Do not choose too hard work at first. Second, keep doing it. You cannot get progress only after one or two times. Third, learn by practicing. If you do not know how to do one chore, you can watch your parents and learn from them. Fourth, cooperate with your family. You can finish some housework together. It will become easier and more fun. 1．Who is this piece of advice for? _____________________________________ 2．What kind of chores should you start with? ______________________________________ 3．Why should you keep doing chores? ________________________________________ 4．What can you do if you don’t know how to do a chore? _________________________________________ 5．What is the advantage of doing housework with family? _______________________________________ 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 Many people think labor（劳动）is only for workers or farmers. That is not true. Labor has different forms. Studying hard at school is also a kind of mental labor（脑力劳动）. Doing housework or farm work is physical labor. Both mental labor and physical labor are valuable. We should respect all kinds of labor and all laborers. No labor should be looked down on. Every kind of labor creates value for our life. 1．What do many people think about labor? ________________________________ 2．What are the two forms of labor mentioned in this passage? ____________________________________ 3．What is an example of mental labor in the text? _______________________________________ 4．Is physical labor valuable according to the text? _______________________________________ 5．What attitude should we hold towards different labor? _________________________________________ Passage 2 Volunteer labor in the community is a good way of work education. Last Sunday, a group of Grade‑8 students took part in community volunteer work. Their tasks included cleaning public benches, picking rubbish and watering community trees. At first, some students felt the work was tiring. But as time went by, they found meaning in it. When passers‑by said thanks to them, they felt proud of themselves. They learned that labor can bring warmth to other people. 1．What is a good way of work‑education according to the text? ______________________________________ 2．Which group of students joined the volunteer work last Sunday? ______________________________________ 3．List two volunteer tasks in the passage. _____________________________________ 4．How did some students feel at the beginning? ______________________________________ 5．What did they learn from this volunteer labor? _________________________________________ Passage 3 阅读短文，每题答案不超过 8 个单词。 Now lots of schools pay more attention to work education. But some students do not realize its value. They think labor will take their study time. They do not understand work‑education’s true meaning. Work education does not mean making students do hard endless work. Its real goal is to develop students’ abilities. It helps students build responsibility, learn practical skills and respect labor results. It also teaches students the spirit of cooperation. It is a necessary part of teenagers’ growth. 1．What do many schools pay more attention to? _____________________________________ 2．What is some students’ wrong idea about labor? _____________________________________ 3．What is NOT work‑education’s real goal? ________________________________________ 4．What spirit can students learn from work‑education? ______________________________________ 5．What does the writer think of work‑education? ______________________________________ Passage 4 Nowadays, some teenagers live in comfortable conditions. Their parents prepare almost everything for them. As a result, many teenagers lack basic life skills. Some cannot even wash their own clothes. Work‑education courses try to change this situation. In these courses, students get chances to practice real‑life skills. They learn cooking, simple repairing and planting. They realize that life skills cannot be got only from books. They must learn by doing. These skills will serve them well in their future independent life. 1．Why do many teenagers lack basic life skills? ____________________________________ 2．What problem do some teenagers have in daily life? __________________________________ 3．What is the purpose of work‑education courses? ________________________________________ 4．Where can’t we get real life skills only from? ___________________________________________ 5．When will these life‑skills be useful for teenagers? __________________________________________ Passage 5 Different students have different attitudes toward chores. For Li Mei, doing housework is not a burden（负担）. She regards it as a kind of relaxing activity after study. Every weekend she helps her mom do chores, such as sweeping the floor and preparing simple meals. She feels happy when she can share work with family. However, her classmate Wang Qiang hates chores. He thinks housework wastes his free time. He never does any housework at home. He only wants to spend all spare time on his hobbies. 1．What does Li Mei think of doing housework? ______________________________________ 2．When does Li Mei help her mother with chores? __________________________________________ 3．What kind of chores does Li Mei do at weekends?（写一例） _______________________________________ 4．Why does Wang Qiang hate doing chores? ________________________________________ 5．Whose attitude towards chores do you agree with? Why?（不少于 20 词） ____________________________________________ Passage 6 阅读短文，完成下面问题。 Some people say “No pains, no gains.” It also fits for labor education. You cannot get good harvest without hard labor. Our school held a small vegetable‑planting project last term. Each group got one small vegetable box. Students worked together. They prepared soil, sowed seeds, watered and cleared weeds. Some groups’ plants died because they forgot to water them. Other groups kept taking good care of the plants. Finally, they got fresh little green vegetables. Through this project, students truly understood the meaning of the old saying. Hard labor brings good results. 1．What old saying is mentioned in the passage? _____________________________________ 2．What project did the school hold last term? _____________________________________ 3．Why did some groups’ plants die? _______________________________________ 4．What did the successful groups get in the end? _____________________________________ 5．What lesson do students learn from the planting project? ___________________________________________ Passage 7 Nowadays more and more educators stress the importance of work‑education. But how can parents carry out good work‑education at home? Here are several useful tips. First, give children proper housework according to their ages. Young kids can take out rubbish or fold clothes. Teenagers can cook simple food or tidy their own rooms. Second, do not always give money as reward for housework. Children should know family housework is their own duty. Third, do not criticize kids when they do chores badly. Give them chances to practice. Encouragement works better than blame. Fourth, parents should set a good example. If parents are hard‑working, children will follow them. 1．Who gives these tips about home work‑education? ________________________________________ 2．What chore is fit for young kids at home?（一例） ___________________________________________ 3．Why shouldn’t parents always give kids money for housework? _____________________________________________ 4．What is better than blame when kids do chores poorly? ___________________________________________ 5．What should parents do as an important example for kids? ____________________________________________ Passage 8 Many teenagers admire famous scientists, sports stars or big businessmen. Few of them admire ordinary laborers, such as cleaners, farmers or cooks. These ordinary laborers do common but necessary work for our society. Cleaners keep our streets tidy. Farmers produce food for every person. Cooks prepare delicious food for us. Without their labor, our city and life will become terrible. Every ordinary job deserves our respect. Labor has no high or low rank. Every laborer should be respected by us. 1．What kind of people do many teenagers admire? ____________________________________ 2．Give two examples of ordinary laborers in this text. ______________________________________ 3．What do farmers do for society according to the passage? _______________________________________ 4．What will happen without ordinary laborers’ work? _________________________________________ 5．What is the main idea of this passage? ____________________________________ ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Work education 阅读表达题型专练（话题：人与自我—劳动教育） 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 1．Do some chores. 2．Simple life skills. 3．No, they don’t. 4．A sense of responsibility. 5．It is good for them.（答案不唯一，合理即可） Passage 2 1．Because they waste their study time. 2．Taking out rubbish, tidying desks. 3．We can learn by doing. 4．Every family member. 5．Yes, I will. Because I want to help my parents.（答案不唯一） Passage 3 1．Once a month. 2．To the school small farm. 3．They plant and water vegetables. 4．It is beneficial to his body. 5．He shouldn’t waste food. Passage 4 1．Work for the whole class. 2．Cleaning classroom, taking out rubbish. 3．Different groups of students. 4．Yes, they do. 5．A sense of responsibility.（答案不唯一） Passage 5 1．Special work‑education. 2．To the community garden. 3．Clean the garden. 4．For three hours. 5．Tired but happy. Passage 6 1．Doing manual work. 2．Paper‑cutting. 3．Time and patience. 4．You may fail many times. 5．Better hands‑on skills. Passage 7 1．They do almost all housework. 2．For kids to spend time on study. 3．They will depend on parents. 4．Let kids do proper housework. 5．Folding clothes. Passage 8 1．It’s a great learning chance. 2．Land and plants. 3．Plant vegetables, pull weeds. 4．To value food. 5．Learn to cooperate with partners. Passage 9 1．On phones or computers. 2．No, they don’t. 3．Hand‑work clubs. 4．Repair small things. 5．Useful for their later life. Passage 10 1．For teenagers. 2．Small and easy chores. 3．To get progress. 4．Watch parents and learn from them. 5．It’s easier and more fun. 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 1．Only for workers or farmers. 2．Mental labor and physical labor. 3．Studying hard at school. 4．Yes, it is. 5．We should respect all labor. Passage 2 1．Community volunteer labor. 2．Group of Grade‑8 students. 3．Clean public benches, pick rubbish. 4．They felt tired. 5．Labor brings warmth to others. Passage 3 1．Work education. 2．Labor takes their study time. 3．Do endless hard work. 4．The spirit of cooperation. 5．It’s necessary for growth. Passage 4 1．Parents prepare everything for them. 2．Can’t wash their own clothes. 3．Change this situation. 4．Only from books. 5．In their future independent life. Passage 5 1．It is a relaxing activity. 2．Every weekend. 3．Sweep the floor. 4．It wastes his free time. 5．I agree with Li Mei. Doing chores helps us build responsibility and share work with our family.（答案不唯一） Passage 6 1．No pains, no gains. 2．A vegetable‑planting project. 3．They forgot to water them. 4．Fresh little green vegetables. 5．Hard labor brings good results. Passage 7 1．Educators. 2．Take out rubbish. 3．Housework is their family duty. 4．Encouragement. 5．Be hard‑working themselves. Passage 8 1．Famous stars and businessmen. 2．Cleaners, farmers. 3．Produce food for people. 4．Our life will become terrible. 5．Respect every ordinary laborer. ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 5 Work education 阅读表达题型专练（话题：人与自我—劳动教育） 热点题型概览 板块 详细内容 题型解读 阅读表达（短文回答问题），一篇短文设置 5 道问答题，共分为四类题型： 1. 事实细节题：3‑4 道，考查人物、时间、地点、事件、原因、方式等，可在原文定位，摘抄、整合原文信息作答； 2. 主旨大意题：0‑1 道，考查段落主旨、文章标题，需要概括文本核心内容； 3. 推理 / 词义理解题：0‑1 道，结合上下文语境理解句子深层含义； 4. 开放性表达题：1 道，结合文本话题发表个人观点，部分题目有词数限制；答题形式包含简略短语回答、完整句子回答，部分题干明确规定词数；本套专题话题为人与自我 —— 劳动教育。 解题技巧 1. 事实细节题：读题干，圈画 who/what/when/where/why/how 等关键词，回原文定位原句，提取信息；一般疑问句注意用 Yes/No 作答； 2. 主旨 / 标题题：通读全文或指定段落，抓取主题句，舍弃举例等细节，概括核心；标题要求简洁，贴合文章主题； 3. 词义 / 句意题：不能只做字面翻译，结合上下文语境解读内在含义； 4. 开放性问答题：先亮明个人观点，理由紧扣文章主题，严格遵守词数限制，选用简单、语法正确的英语句式； 5. 答题检查：保证问答对应一致，人称、时态统一，注意大小写、标点；看清题目要求，区分简略回答和完整句子回答。 命题预测 单元话题：人与自我 —— 劳动教育 1. 人物故事：中学生参加家务劳动、农场实践、校园劳动、志愿劳动的成长叙事； 2. 品质主题：责任、合作、坚持、感恩、珍惜劳动成果； 3. 高频场景：居家做家务、校园值日、农场实践课、社区志愿劳动、手工劳动； 4. 命题导向：从劳动故事中感悟人生道理，联系自身实际完成开放问答，实现情感教育。 预测考点 1. 特殊疑问句：when 时间、where 地点、who 人物、what 事件事物、why 原因、how 方式； 2. 一般疑问句：Yes/No 判断式回答； 3. 信息定位提取：事件起因、过程、结果，人物行为、感受、收获； 4. 主旨概括：段落大意、文章标题； 5. 句意与推理：结合语境推断人物品质、文本蕴含的道理； 6. 开放表达：结合故事谈启示、谈自身做法，部分题目限定词数； 7. 答题规范：完整句子 / 简略短语作答，注意词数限制、大小写； 8. 高频同义替换：cooperate with 与…… 合作；a sense of responsibility 责任感；learn by doing 实践中学习；be beneficial to 对…… 有益。 题型夯基提升 巩固基础·专项突破 Passage 1 根据短文内容回答下列问题，1‑4 题答案不超过 6 个单词。 Many teenagers do some chores at home. Doing chores is good for them. They can learn some simple life skills, such as sweeping the floor and folding clothes. They do not get money for most housework. But they can get real‑life experience. Doing small chores helps them build a sense of responsibility. It also helps them understand their parents’ hard work. 1．What do many teenagers do at home? __________________________________________________ 2．What skill can teenagers learn from chores? ________________________________________ 3．Do most teenagers get money for housework? ______________________________________ 4．What feeling can chores help teenagers build? ________________________________________ 5．What do you think of doing chores for teenagers? ______________________________________________ 【答案】 1．Do some chores. 2．Simple life skills. 3．No, they don’t. 4．A sense of responsibility. 5．It is good for them.（答案不唯一，合理即可） 【导语】本文讲述青少年做家务的好处，可以习得生活技能，树立责任感，理解父母辛劳。 【详解】 1．原文第一句 “Many teenagers do some chores at home.” 直接提取信息。 2．原文 “They can learn some simple life skills…”，做家务可以学到简单的生活技能。 3．原文 “They do not get money for most housework.” 一般疑问句做否定简略回答。 4．原文 “Doing small chores helps them build a sense of responsibility.” 做家务帮助树立责任感。 5．开放性问题，围绕劳动有益作答即可。 Passage 2 Doing housework is a necessary part for students. But some students hate doing chores. They think it takes too much of their study time. However, housework does not always take long. Some chores are quick, like taking out the rubbish or tidying desks. When you do chores, you can learn by doing. You can also learn to cooperate with your family members. It is not only parents’ job to keep the house clean. Every family member should share the housework. 1．Why do some students hate doing chores? __________________________________ 2．What are two quick‑finished chores in the text? ________________________________ 3．What can we learn when we do chores? ___________________________________ 4．Who should share the housework in a family? __________________________________________ 5．Will you share housework with your family? Why? _______________________________________ 【答案】 1．Because they waste their study time. 2．Taking out rubbish, tidying desks. 3．We can learn by doing. 4．Every family member. 5．Yes, I will. Because I want to help my parents.（答案不唯一） 【导语】短文谈论学生做家务，反驳做家务浪费学习时间，提出全家都应该分担家务。 【详解】 1．原文 “They think it takes too much of their study time.” 一些学生讨厌家务，认为它占用学习时间。 2．原文 “Some chores are quick, like taking out the rubbish or tidying desks.” 提取两项家务。 3．原文 “When you do chores, you can learn by doing.” 做家务可以在实践中学习。 4．原文 “Every family member should share the housework.” 每一位家庭成员都应当分担家务。 5．开放题，表达观点并简单说明理由。 Passage 3 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答下列问题。 Our school has work‑education classes once a month. Students go to the school small farm. They plant vegetables and water young plants. They also learn to do some simple farm work. Tom enjoys the farm work very much. He thinks physical work is beneficial to his body. He learns many new skills there. He also learns to cooperate with his classmates. The hard work teaches him the value of food. He will not waste food any more. 1．How often does the school have work‑education classes? _______________________________________ 2．Where do students go for work‑education classes? __________________________________________________ 3．What do students do on the school farm? ________________________________ 4．What does Tom think of physical work? ______________________________________________ 5．What lesson does Tom learn from farm work? _________________________________________ 【答案】 1．Once a month. 2．To the school small farm. 3．They plant and water vegetables. 4．It is beneficial to his body. 5．He shouldn’t waste food. 【导语】短文介绍学校劳动课，学生在校内农场劳动，收获技能，懂得珍惜粮食。 【详解】 1．原文 “Our school has work‑education classes once a month.” 劳动教育课一月一次。 2．原文 “Students go to the school small farm.” 学生去学校小型农场。 3．原文 “They plant vegetables and water young plants.” 学生种菜、浇菜苗。 4．原文 “He thinks physical work is beneficial to his body.”Tom 认为体力劳动对身体有益。 5．原文 “The hard work teaches him the value of food. He will not waste food any more.” 劳动教会他不要浪费粮食。 Passage 4 Many schools ask students to do some school duties. School duties mean kinds of work for the whole class. For example, cleaning the classroom, taking out rubbish and watering the classroom plants. Different groups take turns to finish these jobs. Every student has a small task. It helps students develop a sense of responsibility. They learn to work with partners. They also learn to respect other people’s work. 1．What does “school duties” mean? ______________________________________________ 2．Give two examples of school duties. ______________________________________ 3．Who takes turns finishing these jobs? _____________________________________ 4．Does every student get a small task? __________________________________ 5．What can students learn from school duties?（答一点即可） ______________________________________ 【答案】 1．Work for the whole class. 2．Cleaning classroom, taking out rubbish. 3．Different groups of students. 4．Yes, they do. 5．A sense of responsibility.（答案不唯一） 【导语】介绍校园值日劳动，学生分组轮流完成任务，培养责任感，学会合作，尊重他人劳动。 【详解】 1．原文 “School duties mean kinds of work for the whole class.” 校园值日就是为全班做各类劳动。 2．原文举例 cleaning the classroom, taking out rubbish and watering the classroom plants，任选两个。 3．原文 “Different groups take turns to finish these jobs.” 不同小组轮流完成任务。 4．原文 “Every student has a small task.” 每个学生都有小任务，做肯定回答。 5．原文列举收获，写出其中一点即可。 Passage 5 阅读短文，根据短文内容回答问题，每题不超过 7 个单词。 Volunteer work is a special kind of work education. Last Saturday, some students in Grade Eight went to the community garden. They helped clean the garden and pick up rubbish. Some students planted small flowers. They worked for three hours. They felt tired but happy. They learned to serve other people. They also learned the importance of teamwork. 1．What is volunteer work? ___________________________________ 2．Where did Grade‑8 students go last Saturday? _______________________________________ 3．What work did they do there?（写出一项） _______________________________________ 4．How long did they work? ___________________________________ 5．How did they feel after volunteer work? _____________________________________ 【答案】 1．Special work‑education. 2．To the community garden. 3．Clean the garden. 4．For three hours. 5．Tired but happy. 【导语】讲述八年级学生参加社区志愿劳动的经历与收获。 【详解】 1．原文 “Volunteer work is a special kind of work education.” 志愿劳动是一种特殊劳动教育。 2．原文 “Last Saturday, some students in Grade Eight went to the community garden.” 去社区花园。 3．原文列举 clean the garden /pick up rubbish /planted small flowers，写出一项即可。 4．原文 “They worked for three hours.” 劳动持续三小时。 5．原文 “They felt tired but happy.” 志愿劳动后他们累但是很开心。 Passage 6 Doing manual work（手工劳动）is popular among many middle‑school students. Some students learn to make simple things by hand, such as paper‑cutting, making small bags. It takes time and patience to finish hand‑made works. You may fail many times before you make a good work. But you can learn a lot. You can improve your hands‑on skills. You will also become more patient. The more you practice, the better your works will be. 1．What is popular among many middle‑school students? _________________________________________ 2．Give one example of manual work in the text. ______________________________________ 3．What do you need to finish hand‑made works? ____________________________________ 4．What may happen before you get a good work? _______________________________________ 5．What can you get from manual work?（写一点） __________________________________________ 【答案】 1．Doing manual work. 2．Paper‑cutting. 3．Time and patience. 4．You may fail many times. 5．Better hands‑on skills. 【导语】短文介绍手工劳动，说明手工劳动需要时间耐心，反复练习，提升动手能力，磨炼耐心。 【详解】 1．第一句 “Doing manual work is popular among many middle‑school students.” 手工劳动在中学生中很流行。 2．原文举例 paper‑cutting, making small bags，任选其一。 3．原文 “It takes time and patience to finish hand‑made works.” 完成手工作品需要时间和耐心。 4．原文 “You may fail many times before you make a good work.” 做出好作品之前可能会失败很多次。 5．原文收获：hands‑on skills /become more patient，写出任意一点。 Passage 7 Many parents do almost all housework for their children. They hope their kids can spend all time on study. However, this is not good for teenagers’ growth. When teenagers never do chores, they will not know how to look after themselves. They cannot build a sense of responsibility. They will always depend on their parents. Experts advise parents to let teenagers do proper housework. Even some easy chores like folding clothes can bring good changes for teenagers. Teenagers can learn by doing simple housework. 1．What do many parents do for their children? __________________________________ 2．Why do many parents do so much housework for kids? _________________________________ 3．What will happen if teenagers never do any chores? _____________________________________ 4．What is experts’ advice for parents? ______________________________________ 5．What easy chore does the writer mention in this passage? _____________________________________ 【答案】 1．They do almost all housework. 2．For kids to spend time on study. 3．They will depend on parents. 4．Let kids do proper housework. 5．Folding clothes. 【导语】本文谈论现实家庭教育，家长包揽全部家务不利于孩子成长，专家建议让青少年做适度家务。 【详解】 1．原文 “Many parents do almost all housework for their children.” 许多父母几乎包办全部家务。 2．原文 “They hope their kids can spend all time on study.” 父母希望孩子把全部时间放在学习上。 3．原文 “When teenagers never do chores…They will always depend on their parents.” 从不做家务孩子会一直依赖父母。 4．原文 “Experts advise parents to let teenagers do proper housework.” 专家建议家长让青少年做适度家务。 5．原文 “Even some easy chores like folding clothes…” 文中提到叠衣服。 Passage 8 Farm‑work practice is a great chance for city students. Most city teenagers hardly get close to land and plants. Some schools organize one‑day farm practice activities for students. Students go to the farm and experience real farm work. They help farmers plant vegetables, pull weeds and pick fruit. They feel how hard farmers work. They know food does not come easily. They learn to value food. Besides, physical farm work is beneficial to their body. They also learn how to cooperate with partners when they finish group farm tasks. 1．Why is farm‑work practice good for city students? _________________________________ 2．What do most city teenagers hardly get close to? ____________________________________ 3．What work do students do on the farm?（写两项） ____________________________________ 4．What good value do students learn from farm work? ___________________________________ 5．What other benefit can students get from group farm work? ____________________________________ 【答案】 1．It’s a great learning chance. 2．Land and plants. 3．Plant vegetables, pull weeds. 4．To value food. 5．Learn to cooperate with partners. 【导语】城市学生参加农场实践劳动，体会农民辛苦，懂得珍惜粮食，学会与人合作，锻炼身体。 【详解】 1．第一句 “Farm‑work practice is a great chance for city students.” 农场实践对城市学生是很好的学习机会。 2．原文 “Most city teenagers hardly get close to land and plants.” 城市孩子很少接触土地与植物。 3．原文列举 plant vegetables, pull weeds and pick fruit，任选两项。 4．原文 “They know food does not come easily. They learn to value food.” 学会珍惜粮食。 5．原文 “They also learn how to cooperate with partners…” 小组农活学会与伙伴合作。 Passage 9 Working with your hands is very important. But many modern teenagers spend most free time on phones or computers. They seldom do any real physical work. Some schools set up hand‑work clubs. In the clubs, students learn to repair small things, grow plants or make simple objects. They need to follow steps and be careful. The more practice they get, the more skills they will have. These practical skills will be useful in their later life. 1．What do many teenagers spend most free time doing? _______________________________ 2．Do many teenagers do much physical work in their free time? ___________________________________ 3．What do some schools set up for students? _______________________________________ 4．What can students learn in hand‑work clubs?（写出一例） ____________________________________ 5．Why are these practical skills important? ________________________________________ 【答案】 1．On phones or computers. 2．No, they don’t. 3．Hand‑work clubs. 4．Repair small things. 5．Useful for their later life. 【导语】很多青少年课余沉迷电子产品，缺少动手劳动；学校设立手工社团，培养实用生活技能，有益于未来生活。 【详解】 1．原文 “But many modern teenagers spend most free time on phones or computers.” 大量空闲时间花在手机电脑上。 2．原文 “They seldom do any real physical work.”seldom 很少，做否定回答。 3．原文 “Some schools set up hand‑work clubs.” 部分学校设立手工社团。 4．原文 learn to repair small things, grow plants or make simple objects，任选其一。 5．原文 “These practical skills will be useful in their later life.” 这些实用技能对以后生活有用。 Passage 10 Doing chores can teach teenagers many lessons, but some teenagers do not know how to start. Here is some practical advice for you. First, start with small and easy chores. You can begin with taking out rubbish or tidying your own bedroom. Do not choose too hard work at first. Second, keep doing it. You cannot get progress only after one or two times. Third, learn by practicing. If you do not know how to do one chore, you can watch your parents and learn from them. Fourth, cooperate with your family. You can finish some housework together. It will become easier and more fun. 1．Who is this piece of advice for? _____________________________________ 2．What kind of chores should you start with? ______________________________________ 3．Why should you keep doing chores? ________________________________________ 4．What can you do if you don’t know how to do a chore? _________________________________________ 5．What is the advantage of doing housework with family? _______________________________________ 【答案】 1．For teenagers. 2．Small and easy chores. 3．To get progress. 4．Watch parents and learn from them. 5．It’s easier and more fun. 【导语】给青少年的做家务实操建议：从小简单家务起步，坚持练习，向父母学习，家人合作完成家务。 【详解】 1．第一句 “Doing chores can teach teenagers many lessons, but some teenagers do not know how to start. Here is some practical advice for you.” 建议面向青少年。 2．原文 “First, start with small and easy chores.” 从简单、小家务做起。 3．原文 “You cannot get progress only after one or two times.” 坚持做家务才能取得进步。 4．原文 “If you do not know how to do one chore, you can watch your parents and learn from them.” 不会做家务就观察父母向他们学习。 5．原文 “It will become easier and more fun.” 家人一起做家务更简单更有趣。 培优拔高·挑战攻坚 Passage 1 Many people think labor（劳动）is only for workers or farmers. That is not true. Labor has different forms. Studying hard at school is also a kind of mental labor（脑力劳动）. Doing housework or farm work is physical labor. Both mental labor and physical labor are valuable. We should respect all kinds of labor and all laborers. No labor should be looked down on. Every kind of labor creates value for our life. 1．What do many people think about labor? ________________________________ 2．What are the two forms of labor mentioned in this passage? ____________________________________ 3．What is an example of mental labor in the text? _______________________________________ 4．Is physical labor valuable according to the text? _______________________________________ 5．What attitude should we hold towards different labor? _________________________________________ 【答案】 1．Only for workers or farmers. 2．Mental labor and physical labor. 3．Studying hard at school. 4．Yes, it is. 5．We should respect all labor. 【导语】辨析脑力劳动和体力劳动，纠正只有工人才需要劳动的错误观念，告诉我们要尊重一切劳动。 【详解】 1．原文 “Many people think labor is only for workers or farmers.” 很多人认为劳动只属于工人农民。 2．文章提出 mental labor 脑力劳动、physical labor 体力劳动两种劳动形式。 3．原文 “Studying hard at school is also a kind of mental labor.” 在校努力学习是脑力劳动例子。 4．原文 “Both mental labor and physical labor are valuable.” 体力劳动同样有价值，肯定回答。 5．原文 “We should respect all kinds of labor and all laborers.” 我们应当尊重所有劳动。 Passage 2 Volunteer labor in the community is a good way of work education. Last Sunday, a group of Grade‑8 students took part in community volunteer work. Their tasks included cleaning public benches, picking rubbish and watering community trees. At first, some students felt the work was tiring. But as time went by, they found meaning in it. When passers‑by said thanks to them, they felt proud of themselves. They learned that labor can bring warmth to other people. 1．What is a good way of work‑education according to the text? ______________________________________ 2．Which group of students joined the volunteer work last Sunday? ______________________________________ 3．List two volunteer tasks in the passage. _____________________________________ 4．How did some students feel at the beginning? ______________________________________ 5．What did they learn from this volunteer labor? _________________________________________ 【答案】 1．Community volunteer labor. 2．Group of Grade‑8 students. 3．Clean public benches, pick rubbish. 4．They felt tired. 5．Labor brings warmth to others. 【导语】八年级学生参加社区志愿劳动，从一开始疲惫，体会到劳动可以给他人带去温暖，收获自豪感。 【详解】 1．第一句 “Volunteer labor in the community is a good way of work education.” 社区志愿劳动是劳动教育的好途径。 2．原文 “Last Sunday, a group of Grade‑8 students took part in community volunteer work.” 八年级一组学生参加志愿劳动。 3．原文任务 cleaning public benches, picking rubbish and watering community trees，任选两项。 4．原文 “At first, some students felt the work was tiring.” 一开始部分学生感到很累。 5．原文 “They learned that labor can bring warmth to other people.” 他们懂得劳动可以带给他人温暖。 Passage 3 阅读短文，每题答案不超过 8 个单词。 Now lots of schools pay more attention to work education. But some students do not realize its value. They think labor will take their study time. They do not understand work‑education’s true meaning. Work education does not mean making students do hard endless work. Its real goal is to develop students’ abilities. It helps students build responsibility, learn practical skills and respect labor results. It also teaches students the spirit of cooperation. It is a necessary part of teenagers’ growth. 1．What do many schools pay more attention to? _____________________________________ 2．What is some students’ wrong idea about labor? _____________________________________ 3．What is NOT work‑education’s real goal? ________________________________________ 4．What spirit can students learn from work‑education? ______________________________________ 5．What does the writer think of work‑education? ______________________________________ 【答案】 1．Work education. 2．Labor takes their study time. 3．Do endless hard work. 4．The spirit of cooperation. 5．It’s necessary for growth. 【导语】本篇辨析劳动教育真正目标，纠正学生认为劳动耽误学习的错误想法，劳动教育是青少年成长必不可少的部分。 【详解】 1．原文 “Now lots of schools pay more attention to work education.” 很多学校更加重视劳动教育。 2．原文 “They think labor will take their study time.” 部分学生错误认为劳动占用学习时间。 3．原文 “Work education does not mean making students do hard endless work.” 劳动教育不是让学生无休止干重活。 4．原文 “It also teaches students the spirit of cooperation.” 劳动教育教会学生合作精神。 5．原文 “It is a necessary part of teenagers’ growth.” 作者认为劳动教育对成长必不可少。 Passage 4 Nowadays, some teenagers live in comfortable conditions. Their parents prepare almost everything for them. As a result, many teenagers lack basic life skills. Some cannot even wash their own clothes. Work‑education courses try to change this situation. In these courses, students get chances to practice real‑life skills. They learn cooking, simple repairing and planting. They realize that life skills cannot be got only from books. They must learn by doing. These skills will serve them well in their future independent life. 1．Why do many teenagers lack basic life skills? ____________________________________ 2．What problem do some teenagers have in daily life? __________________________________ 3．What is the purpose of work‑education courses? ________________________________________ 4．Where can’t we get real life skills only from? ___________________________________________ 5．When will these life‑skills be useful for teenagers? __________________________________________ 【答案】 1．Parents prepare everything for them. 2．Can’t wash their own clothes. 3．Change this situation. 4．Only from books. 5．In their future independent life. 【导语】现在很多青少年生活条件优越，父母包办一切，缺少生活技能；劳动教育课让学生实践，懂得技能需要实践习得，有益于未来独立生活。 【详解】 1．原文 “Their parents prepare almost everything for them. As a result, many teenagers lack basic life skills.” 父母包办一切，造成孩子缺少生活技能。 2．原文 “Some cannot even wash their own clothes.” 举例部分青少年甚至不会洗衣服。 3．原文 “Work‑education courses try to change this situation.” 劳动教育课程试图改变这一现状。 4．原文 “They realize that life skills cannot be got only from books.” 生活技能不能仅仅从书本获得。 5．原文 “These skills will serve them well in their future independent life.” 技能对未来独立生活有用。 Passage 5 Different students have different attitudes toward chores. For Li Mei, doing housework is not a burden（负担）. She regards it as a kind of relaxing activity after study. Every weekend she helps her mom do chores, such as sweeping the floor and preparing simple meals. She feels happy when she can share work with family. However, her classmate Wang Qiang hates chores. He thinks housework wastes his free time. He never does any housework at home. He only wants to spend all spare time on his hobbies. 1．What does Li Mei think of doing housework? ______________________________________ 2．When does Li Mei help her mother with chores? __________________________________________ 3．What kind of chores does Li Mei do at weekends?（写一例） _______________________________________ 4．Why does Wang Qiang hate doing chores? ________________________________________ 5．Whose attitude towards chores do you agree with? Why?（不少于 20 词） ____________________________________________ 【答案】 1．It is a relaxing activity. 2．Every weekend. 3．Sweep the floor. 4．It wastes his free time. 5．I agree with Li Mei. Doing chores helps us build responsibility and share work with our family.（答案不唯一） 【导语】对比两名同学对待家务截然不同态度，Li Mei 把家务当作放松，乐于分担；Wang Qiang 认为家务浪费时间，从不做家务。 【详解】 1．原文 “She regards it as a kind of relaxing activity after study.”Li Mei 把家务当作学习后的放松活动。 2．原文 “Every weekend she helps her mom do chores.” 每周末她帮妈妈做家务。 3．原文 sweeping the floor and preparing simple meals，任选其一。 4．原文 “He thinks housework wastes his free time.”Wang Qiang 讨厌家务，认为它浪费业余时间。 5．开放题，表明立场并写出合理理由，词数达标。 Passage 6 阅读短文，完成下面问题。 Some people say “No pains, no gains.” It also fits for labor education. You cannot get good harvest without hard labor. Our school held a small vegetable‑planting project last term. Each group got one small vegetable box. Students worked together. They prepared soil, sowed seeds, watered and cleared weeds. Some groups’ plants died because they forgot to water them. Other groups kept taking good care of the plants. Finally, they got fresh little green vegetables. Through this project, students truly understood the meaning of the old saying. Hard labor brings good results. 1．What old saying is mentioned in the passage? _____________________________________ 2．What project did the school hold last term? _____________________________________ 3．Why did some groups’ plants die? _______________________________________ 4．What did the successful groups get in the end? _____________________________________ 5．What lesson do students learn from the planting project? ___________________________________________ 【答案】 1．No pains, no gains. 2．A vegetable‑planting project. 3．They forgot to water them. 4．Fresh little green vegetables. 5．Hard labor brings good results. 【导语】学校开展种植蔬菜项目，有的小组忘记浇水，植物枯死；细心照料的小组收获蔬菜，学生理解一分耕耘一分收获。 【详解】 1．文章开头引用谚语 “No pains, no gains.” 一分耕耘一分收获。 2．原文 “Our school held a small vegetable‑planting project last term.” 学校上学期举办种植蔬菜项目。 3．原文 “Some groups’ plants died because they forgot to water them.” 部分小组植物死亡，原因是忘记浇水。 4．原文 “Finally, they got fresh little green vegetables.” 成功小组收获新鲜的小青菜。 5．文末 “Hard labor brings good results.” 学生懂得艰苦劳动带来好收获。 Passage 7 Nowadays more and more educators stress the importance of work‑education. But how can parents carry out good work‑education at home? Here are several useful tips. First, give children proper housework according to their ages. Young kids can take out rubbish or fold clothes. Teenagers can cook simple food or tidy their own rooms. Second, do not always give money as reward for housework. Children should know family housework is their own duty. Third, do not criticize kids when they do chores badly. Give them chances to practice. Encouragement works better than blame. Fourth, parents should set a good example. If parents are hard‑working, children will follow them. 1．Who gives these tips about home work‑education? ________________________________________ 2．What chore is fit for young kids at home?（一例） ___________________________________________ 3．Why shouldn’t parents always give kids money for housework? _____________________________________________ 4．What is better than blame when kids do chores poorly? ___________________________________________ 5．What should parents do as an important example for kids? ____________________________________________ 【答案】 1．Educators. 2．Take out rubbish. 3．Housework is their family duty. 4．Encouragement. 5．Be hard‑working themselves. 【导语】本文给家长提供家庭劳动教育实操建议：匹配年龄分配家务，不要金钱奖励，多鼓励少批评，家长做好勤劳的榜样。 【详解】 1．原文 “Nowadays more and more educators stress the importance of work‑education. But how can parents carry out good work‑education at home? Here are several useful tips.” 这些建议来自教育工作者。 2．原文 “Young kids can take out rubbish or fold clothes.” 低龄孩子适合倒垃圾、叠衣服，写一例。 3．原文 “Children should know family housework is their own duty.” 家务是孩子家庭责任，不应当总给钱作为报酬。 4．原文 “Encouragement works better than blame.” 鼓励比责备效果更好。 5．原文 “If parents are hard‑working, children will follow them.” 家长自身要勤劳，做好榜样。 Passage 8 Many teenagers admire famous scientists, sports stars or big businessmen. Few of them admire ordinary laborers, such as cleaners, farmers or cooks. These ordinary laborers do common but necessary work for our society. Cleaners keep our streets tidy. Farmers produce food for every person. Cooks prepare delicious food for us. Without their labor, our city and life will become terrible. Every ordinary job deserves our respect. Labor has no high or low rank. Every laborer should be respected by us. 1．What kind of people do many teenagers admire? ____________________________________ 2．Give two examples of ordinary laborers in this text. ______________________________________ 3．What do farmers do for society according to the passage? _______________________________________ 4．What will happen without ordinary laborers’ work? _________________________________________ 5．What is the main idea of this passage? ____________________________________ 【答案】 1．Famous stars and businessmen. 2．Cleaners, farmers. 3．Produce food for people. 4．Our life will become terrible. 5．Respect every ordinary laborer. 【导语】很多青少年崇拜名人，忽视普通劳动者；清洁工、农民、厨师岗位平凡却不可缺少，劳动不分高低，每一位劳动者都值得尊重。 【详解】 1．原文 “Many teenagers admire famous scientists, sports stars or big businessmen.” 青少年崇拜科学家、体育明星、大商人。 2．原文 ordinary laborers, such as cleaners, farmers or cooks，任选两个。 3．原文 “Farmers produce food for every person.” 农民为所有人生产粮食。 4．原文 “Without their labor, our city and life will become terrible.” 缺少普通劳动者的劳动，我们生活将会变得很糟糕。 5．主旨：我们应当尊重每一位普通劳动者。 ( 1 / 13 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $