专题05 阅读理解（说明文）（期中真题汇编，云南专用）八年级英语上学期

**基本信息** 聚焦初中英语说明文阅读理解，覆盖人与社会（旅游、科普）、人与自我（健康、兴趣）、人与自然（动植物）等主题，精选云南多校期中真题，注重真实情境与思维能力考查。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|每篇5题，多主题|细节理解（如“箭毒蛙毒液位置”）、词义猜测（如“stopover”）、结构分析（文章结构题）、主旨大意|情境真实（如“逆向旅游”“黑神话：悟空”）；思维层次分明（基础题占60%，高阶推理题占40%）；渗透文化与科普（如“猴面包树用途”“蚂蚁种植真菌”）|

专题05 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 （25-26八上·云南昆明市西山区粤秀中学·期中）In the village of Liuke in China, houses are made of dark bricks (砖) with red windows. They stand there among tall and green trees. Let me introduce (介绍) it to you. Many tourists have come to Liuke Village to enjoy its landscape. “This is just beautiful,” says Zhao Mingzhu, a tourist from east China’s Zhejiang Province. “The kids get to enjoy the fields, the old enjoy the landscape quietly, and the young people can go camping. It’s quite a good experience here.” Liuke is one of the ancient villages that are by the Wanquan River in Hainan. The Wanquan River is 163 km long. A famous song shows the clear (清澈的) water of the river. And now, the Wanquan River is a calling card for Hainan, thanks to its rich stories and history. In the old days, when villagers needed to travel to other villages, they had to go by this village. Then the village became a stopover for tourists, so it got its name, Liuke. So many tourists come to the village to enjoy its beautiful landscape. Now the village has not only attracted (吸引) tourists, but also helped villagers stay. In this way, the village will become more famous soon. Why not come here for a visit? I’m sure you’ll be attracted by the scenery here. 1.What can tourists do in Liuke Village? A. They can plant tall and green trees. B. They can enjoy the modern buildings. C. They can take a boat trip up the Wanquan River. D. They can see houses made of dark bricks with red windows. 2.What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A. B. C. D. 3.Why is the Wanquan River a calling card for Hainan? A. Because the landscape is very beautiful. B. Because it’s very quiet. C. Because it has rich stories and history. D. Because its water is very clear. 4.What does the underlined word “stopover” mean in the text? A. A stopping place on a journey. B. A clean hotel. C. Some delicious food. D. Fantastic landscape. 5.Why is the sentence “Why not come here for a visit?” written in the last paragraph? A. To encourage readers to visit the village. B. To hope to get help from tourists. C. To tell a story about an old village. D. To show rich stories and rich culture. 主题语境02 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·云南昆明第十二中学·期中）It’s often said that people started farming about 11,700 years ago. But did you know there is a much older “farmer” on earth? It’s the ant. Ants started farming fungi (真菌) a very long time ago. About 66 million (百万) years ago, an asteroid (小行星) hit the earth. Many plants and animals died, and ants didn’t find enough food. So, they turned to fungi for their food. Fungi are tiny living things. They cannot make their own food like plants do. Instead, they get food by breaking down (分解) dead plants and animals. At that time, there was a lot of this kind of food for them. Ants started to grow these fungi inside their nests (巢). They feed the fungi with dead leaves to help them grow. Then, the ants eat the fungi. Scientists find around 250 kinds of ants all over the world build these fungi gardens. The ants are like good gardeners. They weed (除草) and water the gardens. They also keep bad things away so that the fungi can grow better. 1.According to the study, when did ants start eating fungi? A. 66 million years ago. B. 1,700 years ago. C. 11,700 years ago. D. 1,000 years ago. 2.How do fungi get food? A. By farming dead leaves. B. By making food from sunlight. C. By breaking down dead things. D. By eating ants’ food. 3.Where do some ants farm their fungi? A. In their nests. B. On asteroids. C. On dead leaves. D. In the forest. 4.What do ants do to protect their fungi gardens? A. They grow grass in the gardens. B. They build walls around the gardens. C. They keep the gardens under the water. D. They stop bad things from getting close to the gardens. 5.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ③=Paragraph 3, ④=Paragraph 4) A. B. C. D. 主题语境03 人与自我-健康 （25-26八上·云南大学附属中学·期中）Many schools hold sports games in autumn. It turns out that autumn might be the best season to work out! During this time, the weather is great. After a hot summer, the autumn air is cool and fresh, like a natural air conditioner (空调)! In such weather, you can run, hike, cycle or walk outside without sweating (出汗) much. No more worrying about colds—autumn makes outdoor exercise safer, even when playing for a long time. Cool autumn days and daily exercise can help you sleep better, keeping you healthy. Also, autumn is very pretty! Colorful leaves and nice views can make you happier. When you exercise in nature, fresh air and beautiful views clear your mind too. And don’t forget food! Autumn is harvest (丰收) time—you can easily buy apples, pumpkins, sweet potatoes or pears. They’re full of vitamins, delicious but not expensive. Eating these foods and working out is great! Autumn exercise can also get you ready for winter. It helps you have happy chemicals (化学物质) to fight sad feelings from short days. It also makes your body stronger, so you might not catch a cold in winter. 1.What does the underlined phrase “work out” mean in the first paragraph? A. study at school B. do exercise C. solve a problem D. go on a holiday 2.Which sentence shows a good thing about autumn for doing sports? A. It makes people sweat more. B. It is as hot as summer. C. It is safe for long-time outdoor activities. D. It needs an air conditioner. 3.What can we know about autumn food from the text? A. It’s expensive but delicious. B. It’s only good for children. C. It helps people sleep better. D. It’s full of vitamins and cheap. 4.What does the word “It” refer to in the last paragraph? A. Good sleep. B. Your body. C. Autumn exercise. D. Cool autumn days. 5.How is the text organized? A. By telling a story about autumn. B. By showing how to exercise in autumn. C. By comparing autumn with other seasons. D. By giving reasons why autumn is good for exercise. 主题语境04 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·云南文山第二学区四校·期中）Some animals are the most dangerous animals in the world. However, most of them are also in danger now. Great White Sharks The great white sharks are famous for their size and their sharp (锋利的) teeth. These allow them to catch more food like fish. People call them the king of the sea. They are white and black. The adult (成年的) sharks can be 4-5.2 m and 680-1,100 kg. Polar Bears The adult polar bears can be 350-700 kg. They are all white and full of thick (厚的) fur. Their fur can protect them from water. Although most polar bears are born on land, they spend most of their time in the sea. Poison Dart Frogs (箭毒蛙) Poison dart frogs live in Central and South America. They often have beautiful colours. Most of them are small, sometimes less than 1.5 cm. A poison dart frog has enough poison to stop the heart of a large animal from beating. The poison is on their skin (皮肤), so don’t touch them. 1.What are the great white sharks famous for? A. Their big eyes. B. Their living places. C. Their size and sharp teeth. D. Their beautiful colours. 2.The adult polar bears can weigh about ________. A. 250 kg B. 400 kg C. 900 kg D. 1,100 kg 3.Where is poison dart frogs’ poison? A. It’s on their skin. B. It’s on their teeth. C. It’s on their legs. D. It’s in their mouths. 4.Which of the following is TRUE? A. The polar bear is the king of the land. B. Great white sharks don’t like living in the sea. C. These three kinds of animals are very dangerous. D. We can feel free to touch the poison dart frogs. 5.What’s the text mainly about? A. The ways to protect animals. B. Some animals with poison. C. The places where the animals live. D. Some animals are in danger. Passage 2 I’m a corn plant. People like to eat my corn kernels (玉米粒). They’re yummy. I can also be turned into other things. My leaves are big and flat. They’re important. When sunlight hits my leaves, something amazing happens—my leaves take in CO2. At the same time, the stem sends water up to the leaves. With the help of sunlight, my leaves turn CO2 and water into sugar, oxygen (氧气), and other things. My stem is like a tall tower: It carries the water and nutrients (营养物) from the roots to my leaves. It keeps me standing up straight. My roots are like thin strings in the soil. They hold me tightly (牢固地) so I won’t fall. They also suck up (吸收) water and food from the soil for me to grow. 1.According to the text, which part of the corn plant do people like eating? A. The leaves. B. The stem. C. The fruit. D. The roots. 2.When sunlight hits the corn’s leaves, what will happen? A. 呼吸作用 B. 光合作用 C. 蒸腾作用 D. 分解作用 3.What does the stem of the corn look like according to the text? A. A human hand. B. A thin string. C. A large fan. D. A tall tower. 4.What can we learn from the text? A. The leaves of the corn plant are small. B. With the help of sunlight, the leaves can turn oxygen into CO2. C. The roots keep the corn plant standing up straight. D. The corn plant won’t fall because of the tight roots. 5.Where can you read this text? A. In a nature magazine. B. In a story book. C. In a history book. D. In a guide book. Passage 3 Protect Animals, Protect the World Animals are important to our world. Governments and organizations work together to protect them. Giant pandas eat bamboo shoots, bamboo leaves and some fruit. They live in the mountains of China and usually live alone. Black rhinos mainly live in eastern and southern Africa. They have two horns (角). The number of black rhinos has become smaller these years. Black rhinos are critically endangered (极度濒危的) now. The snow leopard is a member of the cat family (科), living in the mountains of central Asia. Polar bears just look white, but they don’t have white fur. They live in the Arctic. 1.Which of the following is probably food for giant pandas? A. Apples. B. Chocolate. C. Rice. D. Lions. 2.Where can people find black rhinos? A. In the Arctic. B. In the mountains of Asia. C. In central China. D. In southern Africa. 3.Which is the best poster to protect animals? A. STOP BUYING FUR! B. FOR A VISIT TO THE C. KEEP A SNOW D. HORNS! BIG SALE! 4.What can we learn from the passage? A. Polar bears have white fur. B. Giant pandas usually live in groups. C. The number of black rhinos has increased greatly. D. Snow leopards and cats are in the same family. 5.In which part of a magazine can we probably read the material? A. Travel. B. Sports. C. Animals. D. Movies. 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 （25-26八上·云南红河州开远第一中学·期中）Where do you like spending your vacation? In China, more and more people like spending their vacation at less-known tourist attractions (旅游景点) instead of well-known ones now. People call it “reverse (逆向) tourism”. Well-known tourist attractions are usually packed, especially during national holidays. Visitors even only move one meter every 10 minutes when travelling. It makes it hard for visitors to spend relaxing and enjoyable vacations. But at less-known tourist attractions, visitors can usually get better travel experiences. Besides crowds (人群), spending vacations at less-known tourist attractions is also a good way to save money. The prices of food and hotel stays are usually high at well-known tourist attractions during holidays. But at less-known ones, prices are much lower. Less-known tourist attractions can bring the feeling of freshness. ________ Spending vacations there can help people enjoy scenery they haven’t seen in the past. Some visitors just want to find somewhere quiet to have a rest. This kind of travel form (形式) is a good choice for them. The rise of reverse tourism is not a bad thing. It brings more possibilities (可能性) to the tourism market. And it can help people living in less-known tourist attractions to make more money. Also, it can help these spots to get better. It is believed that reverse tourism will be even more popular in the near future. 1.Where do more and more Chinese people choose to spend their vacations according to the passage? A. At well-known tourist attractions. B. At less-known tourist attractions. C. At natural tourist attractions. D. At special tourist attractions. 2.What does the underlined word “packed” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. 昂贵的 B. 便利的 C. 宁静的 D. 拥挤的 3.Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 4? A. These places are usually not far away. B. Visitors can feel the warmth of home there. C. Visitors might not have visited these places before. D. These places can remind visitors of their past lives. 4.What is the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 5.What’s the best title for the passage? A. A Popular Form of Tourism B. The improvement in Tourism C. Interesting Tourism Experiences D. The Ways to Travel Around 主题语境02 人与社会-社会 （25-26八上·云南文山第二学区四校·期中）Some young kids don’t know how special they are. They think they are too common. This is the problem of most kids today. Every kid feels that way, especially in middle schools. When they see famous sports players or cool pop stars, they often think: Am I famous? What am I going to be when I grow up? That’s part of growing up. Growing up means understanding what you can do and what you can offer to the world. When you are young, you don’t see that. But when you get older, you’ll know that just by being yourself, you do give something to other people. Maybe you aren’t the best, but that doesn’t make you “not special”. Think about friends. Write down some things that you like about them. Think carefully about why you’re friends, and then you will know that though they aren’t the smartest or the coolest, they are in their ways. And they feel just the same as you! In fact, it is great to be the best at something, but it’s OK if you can’t be the best. If you just live your life and try hard, you are still really amazing. And you can make your dream come true. 1.What’s the problem of most kids today? A. They don’t care for pop stars. B. They want to see famous people. C. They don’t know they are special. D. They want to make more friends. 2.According to the passage growing up means ________. A. trying to be the best. B. you get older and older. C. you should make your plans. D. understanding what you can do for yourself and others. 3.What does the underlined word “offer” mean? A. care B. sell C. buy D. give 4.What can we know from Paragraph (段落) 3? A. You should always like your friends. B. You shouldn’t forget your friends. C. Your friends and you are special. D. You must be the best. 5.The text mainly talks about ________. A. how special you are B. what you should do when you grow up C. why you are so common D. how you can be the best at something 主题语境03 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·云南师范大学实验中学·期中）Do you like the taste of onions in your dishes? Do you know why onions are popular in cooking? Onions are a type of common vegetable, and they come in three main colors: yellow, red, and white. For thousands of years, people have added onions to their cooking to make dishes more delicious. Besides tasting good, onions are also good for your health—they are easy to digest (消化). And they contain special things that help your body stay away from illnesses. Yet cutting an onion almost always makes your eyes filled with tears! When you cut an onion, some irritating chemicals (化学物质) inside go into the air. These chemicals from onions will go into your eyes and cause a stinging (刺痛) feeling. So, your eyes produce tears to keep themselves safe. Thankfully, both cooks and scientists have figured out ways to stop you from crying while cutting onions. Cut the onion under a stream of running water. The water will wash away the chemicals before they can go into your eyes. Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it. The air will carry the chemicals away from your eyes. Place the onion in the refrigerator for one hour before cutting it, which can reduce (减少) tears. This slows down the movement of the chemicals in the onion, so they may not reach your eyes at all. If you try these ways but can’t stop crying completely, there’s no need to worry. Scientists explain that cutting onions more often will help your body get used to (习惯) the chemicals. As a result, the tears won’t last very long. And if you think about how good onions are for your health, you might even call those tears “happy tears”. 1.How does the writer start this text? A. By listing numbers. B. By telling stories. C. By asking questions. D. By giving suggestions. 2.Why do people add onions to their cooking according to the text? A. To make food easier to cook. B. To make food have a better taste. C. To make food more colorful. D. To make food stay fresh overnight. 3.What causes the stinging feeling in people’s eyes when cutting onions? A. The chemicals from the onion. B. The fan blowing over onions. C. The cold air from the refrigerator. D. The water used to wash onions. 4.What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A. Cutting onions more often is bad for health. B. The right ways can stop tears completely. C. “Happy tears” means people don’t like onions. D. People will get used to onion chemicals gradually. 5.What is the main purpose of the text? A. To introduce onions’ colors and cooking uses. B. To tell scientists’ new findings about onions. C. To advise people to eat more onions for health. D. To explain why onions make people cry and how to reduce tears. 主题语境04 人与自我-个人兴趣 （25-26八上·云南昆明金岸中学·期中）The game, Black Myth: Wukong (《黑神话：悟空》), came out on Aug 20th in the world. It’s an action role-playing game by Game Science. It came from Chinese folk (民间的) stories and Journey to the West (《西游记》). “To create a fantastic Chinese story, we read many Chinese folk stories, taking ideas from their stories and characters, such as The Classic of Mountains and Seas (《山海经》) and The Investiture of the Gods (《封神演义》). They all helped the making of the game,” creator Feng Ji said. Black Myth: Wukong shows the beauty of Chinese old buildings and has interesting characters. In the game, players can play as a monkey hero Sun Wukong, also known as the Monkey King, and travel to different places, from green forests to dark places. It is China’s first 3A game with beautiful graphics (画面), a rich story, and exciting fighting. The game’s creators went across China, looked for Chinese old buildings and put them into the game. What’s more, the game uses traditional Chinese musical instruments such as the guzheng, erhu, bowls and so on. This game is a great example of the talent and creativity of Chinese. By playing the game, players from other countries enjoy themselves and know more about Chinese culture. 1.What stories did the game come from? ①some Chinese folk stories ②Journey to the West ③The Classic of Mountains and Seas ④The investiture of the Gods A. ②③④ B. ①② C. ①③ D. ①②③④ 2.What does the underlined word “instruments” mean? A. 导演 B. 编剧 C. 乐器 D. 课程 3.What role does the players play in the game? A. Sun Wukong. B. Feng Ji. C. A character from The Investiture of the Gods. D. A character from The Classic of Mountains and Seas. 4.Which of the following is TRUE? A. The game came out only in China. B. Players can’t see Chinese old buildings in the game. C. 3A game has beautiful graphics, a rich story, and exciting fighting. D. The game isn’t popular with players from the US. 5.Where can we see the passage? A. In a diary. B. In a magazine. C. In a storybook. D. In a cookbook. 主题语境05 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·云南玉溪四中、六中·期中）①When we buy a house, we all want to have nice neighbors, because most of us think that it is comfortable and happy to live with some good neighbors. But what kind of neighbor is good? The answers are different from people to people. Here are some answers. ②First, it is very important to respect each other. If our neighbors try to know more about our life and talk with others about it, how will we feel? Do you want to live with him or her any more? The answer is “No”. We will feel very unhappy to have this kind of neighbor and want to move away quickly. ③Next, a good neighbor is usually ready to give us a hand when we need him or her. For example, when we find we have run out of eggs while cooking, our neighbors always give us some without asking us to return them. ④Finally, a good neighbor should love the environment. He or she never puts rubbish here and there, because the good environment can make us comfortable. ⑤I think we all should learn to be good neighbors, and I also hope everyone will have good neighbors and live a happy life. 1.We want to have nice neighbors because ________. A. it is happy to live with good neighbors B. they can know more about our life C. they can give us eggs for free D. they can take out rubbish for us 2.We’ll feel ________ in a good environment. A. tired and sick B. strong and busy C. warm and free D. comfortable and happy 3.What can we learn from the text? A. Neighbors should talk with others about our life. B. Good neighbors are usually ready to give us a hand. C. People should learn to have good neighbors. D. We can always live with good neighbors. 4.The structure (结构) of the passage should be ________. A. B. C. D. 5.Where can you find this passage? A. In a life magazine. B. In a story book. C. In a math report. D. In an everyday diary. 主题语境06 人与自我-日常活动 （25-26八上·云南昆明高新一中·期中）Housework is a great disciplinary (执行纪律的) tool to use for children. However, not all chores are suitable (合适的) for every age. The following is advice on activities to develop the children’s good habits. Two-year-olds can learn how to take out the rubbish. They can also help their parents carry light things and hang up clothes. At this age, children should learn how to put their toys away before going to bed. At the age of three, children can learn how to water plants and feed pets carefully. They should learn how to make their beds and put their dishes away. Children at this age can pick up the daily newspapers, and begin to learn how to wash clothes. Four-year-olds should be old enough to do what the two and three-year-olds can do and more. They can make their beds, set the table, and clean up after dinner. They should also learn how to fold their clothes and put them in the correct cabinets (柜子), as well as how to choose their clothes for the following day. Children aged five should help clean the table and change their bed sheets. They can also prepare their schoolbags, as well as something else related to (与……有关) the next school day. At this age they should learn to clean their toys and tidy up their rooms. Children grow through personal experiences. The more things they do, the faster they will develop. It is important that they learn how to be independent and try to finish the tasks by themselves. 1.Match the ages with suitable activities according to the passage. a. 2 years old b. 3 years old c. 4 years old d. 5 years old ①change bed sheets ②fold clothes ③hang up clothes ④wash clothes A. a—④; b—③; c—①; d—② B. a—③; b—④; c—①; d—② C. a—③; b—④; c—②; d—① D. a—④; b—②; c—③; d—① 2.What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Two-year-old children. B. Three-year-old children. C. Four-year-old children. D. Five-year-old children. 3.What makes children grow according to the passage? A. Personal experiences. B. Help from parents. C. Relationships between friends. D. Schoolwork. 4.What’s the purpose (意图) of the passage? A. To ask parents to do more chores at home. B. To let children do proper chores at different ages. C. To explain the importance of teaching children. D. To show children how to do chores. 5.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 主题语境07 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·云南文山第二学区四校·期中）The Wonderful World of Bamboo Bamboo is one of the most amazing plants on Earth. It grows well in Asia, Africa and South America. It is not just a common plant, but a useful resource (资源) for people and animals. Why is bamboo special? First, it’s one of the fastest-growing plants. Some can grow up to 1 meter a day! This makes it a great renewable resource (可再生资源). People can harvest it every 3-5 years without killing it. Unlike trees that take many years to grow again, bamboo grows back much faster. So it is good for the environment. Bamboo is also strong. For a long time, people used it to build houses, bridges and tools. They also made it into musical instruments like flutes. Now, people use it to make bicycles, clothes and packagings—this is better than plastic. Animals need bamboo too. Pandas eat up to 38 kg of bamboo a day. Elephants, and birds also use it for food or homes. So bamboo forests are important for ecosystems. Bamboo shoots are popular food in many places. They are delicious and good for health. Bamboo plays an important role in our world. If we protect bamboo forests, people and animals can live better. 1.Where does bamboo grow well? A. Only in Asia. B. In Asia, Africa and South America. C. In Europe and North America. D. Only in Africa. 2.Why is bamboo good for the environment? A. It is a common plant. B. It can be made into tools. C. The panda loves it. D. It grows back much faster than trees. 3.What does the underlined word “harvest” mean in the passage? A. 种植 B. 收割 C. 加工 D. 售卖 4.Which animal eats up to 38 kg of bamboo a day? A. Elephants. B. Gorillas. C. Birds. D. Pandas. 5.What can we know from the passage? A. Bamboo is not a useful resource. B. Bamboo shoots are not good for health. C. People can’t use bamboo to make anything. D. Protecting bamboo forests helps people and animals. Passage 2 （25-26八上·云南红河州开远第一中学·期中）Long ago, when God first planted a tree, the tree was full of energy and kept moving. Then God pulled it out and planted it upside down (颠倒) to make sure it stayed in one place. What’s the tree? It’s the baobab tree, also called monkey bread tree. The baobab tree with a strange look grows in Africa and Australia. It looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later, the flowers turn into fruits. The baobab tree is also called “the tree of life” because the tree can live for more than 1,000 years. In the dry land, a baobab tree can take in and hold about 32,000 gallons of water. People can drink the water stored in it. The fruits are good to eat. The leaves are a kind of medicine. Besides, people can use its bark (树皮) to make paper or cloth. When a baobab tree gets old, its trunk becomes hollow (中空的). An old baobab tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. So you see, it is such a beneficial tree that some people could hardly live without it. 1.How does the writer start the passage? A. By using a saying. B. By telling a story. C. By asking a question. D. By giving an example. 2.Which picture shows the baobab tree in the dry season? A. B. C. D. 3.What can we know from the passage? A. Baobab trees only grow in Africa. B. The leaves of baobab trees are a kind of medicine. C. The oldest baobab tree is less than 1,000 years old. D. People can use baobab trees’ fruits to make paper. 4.What does the underlined word “beneficial” mean in Paragraph 3? A. common B. pleasant C. useful D. dangerous 5.What’s the best title for the passage? A. The Name of Baobab B. Baobab’s Appearance in a Year C. A Special Tree—Baobab D. Baobab’s Trunk, Leaves, and Fruits Passage 3 Some interesting animals Main Food People in India think the cow is the mother of the earth. It gives so much but asks nothing in return. So in many Indian cities, people don’t eat or sell beef. Cows in India can walk freely with the cars. Grass The zebra belongs to (属于) the horse family. They live in southern and central Africa. Zebras have good hearing and eyesight and it can run at speeds of up to 40 miles each hour. Grass The kangaroo is the symbol of Australia. They can’t walk. They use their strong back legs to jump. They can jump over 56 kilometers each hour. They can go over nine meters in one jump! Grass Leaves The polar bear lives in the snow and ice. It is 3 meters long and it weighs (重) 450 kilos. It can stand up on its back legs because it has very wide feet. It can use its front legs like arms. It can swim well. Sea animals 1.________ is a member (成员) of the horse family. A. The cow B. The zebra C. The kangaroo D. The polar bear 2.If you walk in the street, you can meet a cow in ________. A. China B. Australia C. Africa D. India 3.Which of the following animals live on grass? ①The cow ②The zebra ③The kangaroo ④The polar bear A. ①②④ B. ②③④ C. ①②③ D. ①③④ 4.What can we learn from the passage? A. The zebra’s hearing and eyesight are great. B. The cow is the mother of the earth all over the world. C. The kangaroo is able to walk and they jump with their front legs. D. The polar bear does badly in swimming. 5.Where can we read this passage? A. In a novel. B. In a science book. C. In an animal newspaper. D. In an ad (广告). Passage 4 Champion (冠军) of the cold Arctic tern (北极燕鸥) Size: About 35cm long Food: Fish and shellfish (贝类) Skill: We spend summer in the Arctic. When it is winter in the Arctic, we fly to Antarctica (南极洲). We hold the record for the longest migration (迁徙) in the world! Lemming (旅鼠) Size: 15cm long Food: Grass Skill: We grow hard “shells” on our claws (爪子). We can dig holes easily in the hard and icy land. Polar bear Size: 1.8 to 2.5m long Food: Seals and fish Skill: Our thick and waterproof fur (防水毛皮) coat keeps us warm and dry after swimming. Under our fur, we have black skin (皮肤). This helps us take in the sun’s heat. Arctic fox Size: 45 to 100 cm from head to tail Food: Lemmings, fish and birds Skill: We can change the colour of our fur. Usually, we are white in winter and brown in summer. Harp seal (格陵兰海豹) Size: 1.68 to 1.9 m long Food: Fish Skill: Our thick fur and fat keep our body temperature at 40°C. We can stay warm! 1.Which animal is the champion of the longest migration in the world? A. Lemmings. B. Harp seals. C. Arctic foxes. D. Arctic terns. 2.What colour is Arctic foxes’ fur in summer? A. Brown. B. Black. C. White. D. Yellow. 3.How many kinds of animals are there in the passage that eat fish? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 4.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A. Lemmings can dig holes easily in the hard and icy land. B. Polar bears have black skin under their fur. C. The body length of an Arctic fox is from 45 to 100 cm. D. Harp seals have thin fur to keep their body warm. 5.Which column (栏目) does the passage probably come from? A. Art. B. Nature. C. Music. D. Sports. 主题语境01 人与社会-人际交往 （25-26八上·云南昆明二中&华山中学·期中）“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Friends are important to us. Friends help us get through hard times. Friends also influence us a lot. Let’s enjoy two poems about friendship. ②To Wang Lun I, Li Bai, sit aboard a ship about to go. When suddenly on shore your farewell songs o’erflow. However deep the Lake of Peach Blossoms (桃花) may be. It is not so deep, Wang Lun! As your love for me. ③A Time to Talk (By Robert Frost) When a friend calls to me from the road And slows his horse to a meaning walk, I don’t stand still and look around. On all the hills I haven’t hoed (锄地), And shout from where I am, what is it? No, not as there is a time to talk. I thrust my hoe in the mellow ground, Blade (锄头) -end up and five feet tall. And I go up to the stone wall. For a friendly visit. ④Both poems are famous in their cultures, but they tell different stories. Li Bai described the scene (场景) of his friend seeing him off. US poet Robert Frost wrote about a friend’s visit when he was working. Li made a comparison. His poem shows the friendship between him and his friend is deeper than the deep water. Frost’s poem, on the other hand, tells the readers that we should stop what we are doing to talk with our friends. It tells us that nothing should get in the way of spending time with friends. The language is simple but sincere (真挚的). 1.How does the writer lead into the topic? A. By asking a question. B. By giving an example. C. By telling a story. D. By using an old saying. 2.What scene did Li Bai describe in the poem? A. Ships on the lake. B. Peach blossoms. C. Wang Lun seeing him off. D. Songs sung by Wang Lun. 3.What does the underlined word “It” refer to? A. The ship. B. Love. C. Li Bai. D. The Lake of Peach Blossoms. 4.What do we know about the two poems? A. They are not very famous. B. They are both about friendship. C. They tell two similar stories. D. They are written by the same person. 5.What’s the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 主题语境02 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·云南大理下关一中初中部教育集团·期中）The world is always full of surprising things. Do you know the following strange plants or animals? Can a tree laugh? It grows in the middle of Africa. When it comes to laughing, this tree is really funny. This is because the fruit of this tree has a hole (洞) in it. As the wind blows, this amazing tree “laughs”. When people first hear it laughing, they are usually so surprised that they begin to laugh along with the tree. Can a fossil (化石) be alive? The plant grows in the southwest of Africa. Like most plants, it has roots. But it has only two leaves and a stem (茎). Its two leaves continue to grow for its whole life. This plant can live as long as 1,500 years, so people call it a living fossil. Can fish fly? Most people would say no. A fish looks like a bird with its large wings. It can jump out of the water and flap (拍打) its wings up to 70 times a second. You can see flying fish all over the world. It flies out of the water to stay away from dangerous animals. Can’t birds fly? Of course, birds can fly except Kiwis. Kiwis are birds, but they can’t fly. Kiwis can be as big as chickens. Like all birds, they lay eggs—big eggs. People call them Kiwis because they make the sound “kee-weee”. Kiwis live in New Zealand and are a national animal of the country. 1.Why is the tree in Africa “laughing”? A. Because its flowers look like a smiling face. B. Because people laugh when they see its strange shape. C. Because the wind blowing through the hole in its fruit makes a sound. D. Because the tree is funny and it makes people laugh. 2.How long can the “living fossil” plant live? A. Up to 70 years. B. As long as 1,500 years. C. As long as a chicken’s life. D. Up to 150 years. 3.When does the flying fish fly out of the water? A. When it wants to take in fresh air. B. When it meets dangerous animals. C. When the water is too dirty. D. When it is hungry. 4.Which of the following sentences about Kiwis is TRUE? A. They get the name because of the sound “kee-weee”. B. They are a national animal of Africa. C. They can’t fly so they aren’t birds. D. They lay small eggs. 5.The writer wrote the passage to ________. A. tell a funny story about animals B. tell readers to protect strange plants and animals C. introduce some interesting facts about plants D. explain the scientific reasons behind natural facts 主题语境03 人与自我-个人情况 （25-26八上·云南昆明第十中学教育集团·期中）Today, there are still many people who don’t really know what a home organizer (收纳师) does. Many people think that home organizers just tell people they have too many things and throw them away. But that’s really not how we work. Here’s what great home organizers really do. We don’t judge (评判) your room. Instead, we try to make it better. We know life can be busy, and that’s why rooms get untidy. That’s okay! We come to help, not to make you feel bad. Besides, we also teach you how to keep things tidy because we believe everyone can have a tidy home. Sometimes, you don’t need all the things you own. We can help you decide what to keep and what to throw away. Most importantly, we see your home as a whole unit. We understand all of your needs and reorganize every part of your home to make your home a better place. So how do you know when hiring (雇佣) a home organizer is right for you? If your home makes you feel worried, angry, or tired, you should call us. Maybe you don’t need to hire a home organizer right now, but it’s good to know what we could do to help when you’re ready. We’ve helped many people, and most of them wish they had called us earlier. For the first time in a long time, they can breathe (呼吸) easily at home. 1.What do great home organizers do? ①Judge people’s rooms ②Teach people how to keep things tidy ③Help people to buy new things ④See people’s homes as a whole unit A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ②④ 2.Why do many people’s rooms get untidy? A. Because they are poor. B. Because life can be busy. C. Because they like untidy rooms. D. Because they throw away many things 3.When should people call the home organizers? A. When they have no time to watch TV. B. When they can breathe easily at home. C. When their home makes them feel happy. D. When their home makes them feel worried, angry or tired. 4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. Home organizers only help rich people. B. Most people don’t like home organizers. C. People usually call home organizers very early. D. Home organizers can make people feel relaxed at home. 5.In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the text? A. Home. B. School. C. Sport. D. Travel. 主题语境04 人与自然-动物与植物 （25-26八上·云南昆明第三中学·期中） Most polar bears could disappear by the end of the century because of global (全球) warming, scientists say. According to a study in Nature Climate Change, the number of polar bears will fall quickly by 2080. One of the reasons is that the sea ice is melting (融化). Polar bears catch seals (海豹) to eat on the ice. Without ice, they have to stay on land. But there is not enough food on land to support so many polar bears. The animals could die from hunger. The other reason is that mother polar bears may not be fat enough to provide milk for their babies, so some bears stop having babies. Polar bears are the largest land animals that eat meat on the planet. They help control other kinds of animals. Losing them would break the balance (平衡) of their living place. The Arctic Ocean (北冰洋) is the home of about 25,000 polar bears. Arctic sea ice usually melts in spring and summer, and then grows in winter. But now, the ice is taking longer to grow back. Scientists say the Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet. The study also shows that it is possible to slow Arctic ice melting. Greenhouse gas (温室气体) could lead to climate change. In order to stop creating greenhouse gas, the world should try to give up burning coal (煤炭) and riding in cars. Saving the bears is meaningful to us. Holland, one of the writers of the study, says, “I believe there is hope, but humans need to act quickly to make that hope come true.” Let’s take action to save polar bears. 1.In which section on a magazine can you read the passage? A. Pleasant landscape and views. B. Wonderful culture and tradition. C. Ancient history and stories. D. Amazing animals and plants. 2.How many reasons are mentioned to show why polar bears are in danger? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 3.Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. All the polar bears will die out by the end of this century. B. Polar bears can’t get any food at all when they have to stay on land. C. Mother polar bears feed their babies with fat and milk. D. Polar bears are also the important part of the balance in their living place like other animals. 4.From the passage, how does Nature Climate Change influence (影响) the ice melting? A. It makes Arctic sea ice take more time to grow back to ice in winter. B. It makes Arctic sea ice stop growing back in winter. C. It makes Arctic sea ice keep melting both in spring and winter. D. It makes Arctic sea get warm twice faster than the rest of the planet. 5.What is the main purpose of writing this passage? A. To make people like polar bears. B. To show the importance of ice. C. To ask people to protect polar bears. D. To explain Nature Climate Change. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题05阅读理解（说明文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-旅游 【答案】1.D2.B3.C4A5.A 主题语境02人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 【答案】1.A2.C3.A4.D5.B 主题语境03人与自我-健康 【答案】1.B2.C3.D4.C5.D 主题语境04人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 【答案】1.C2.B3.A4.C5,D Passage 2 【答案】1.C2.B3.D4.D5.A Passage 3 【答案】1.A2.D3.A4.D5.C 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-旅游 【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.D5.A 主题语境02人与社会-社会 113 可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 【答案】1.C2.D3.D4.C5.A 主题语境03人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 【答案】1.C2.B3.A4D5.D 主题语境04人与自我-个人兴趣 【答案】1.B2.C3.A4.C5.B 主题语境05人与自我-方法与哲理 【答案】1.A2.D3.B4.A5.A 主题语境06人与自我-日常活动 【答案】1.C2.C3.A4.B5.A 主题语境07人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 【答案】1.B2.D3.B4.D5.D Passage 2 【答案】1.B2.B3.B4.C5.C Passage 3 【答案】1.B2.D3.C4.A5.C Passage 4 【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.D5.B 拓展培优) 主题语境01人与社会-人际交往 【答案】1.D2.C3.D4.B5.C 213 函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 主题语境02人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 【答案】1.C2.B3.B4A5.D 主题语境03人与自我-个人情况 【答案】1.D2.B3.D4.D5.A 主题语境04人与自然-动物与植物 【答案】1.D2.B3.D4.A5.C 3/3 专题05 阅读理解（说明文） 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 （25-26八上·云南昆明市西山区粤秀中学·期中）In the village of Liuke in China, houses are made of dark bricks (砖) with red windows. They stand there among tall and green trees. Let me introduce (介绍) it to you. Many tourists have come to Liuke Village to enjoy its landscape. “This is just beautiful,” says Zhao Mingzhu, a tourist from east China’s Zhejiang Province. “The kids get to enjoy the fields, the old enjoy the landscape quietly, and the young people can go camping. It’s quite a good experience here.” Liuke is one of the ancient villages that are by the Wanquan River in Hainan. The Wanquan River is 163 km long. A famous song shows the clear (清澈的) water of the river. And now, the Wanquan River is a calling card for Hainan, thanks to its rich stories and history. In the old days, when villagers needed to travel to other villages, they had to go by this village. Then the village became a stopover for tourists, so it got its name, Liuke. So many tourists come to the village to enjoy its beautiful landscape. Now the village has not only attracted (吸引) tourists, but also helped villagers stay. In this way, the village will become more famous soon. Why not come here for a visit? I’m sure you’ll be attracted by the scenery here. 1.What can tourists do in Liuke Village? A. They can plant tall and green trees. B. They can enjoy the modern buildings. C. They can take a boat trip up the Wanquan River. D. They can see houses made of dark bricks with red windows. 2.What is the structure (结构) of the passage? A. B. C. D. 3.Why is the Wanquan River a calling card for Hainan? A. Because the landscape is very beautiful. B. Because it’s very quiet. C. Because it has rich stories and history. D. Because its water is very clear. 4.What does the underlined word “stopover” mean in the text? A. A stopping place on a journey. B. A clean hotel. C. Some delicious food. D. Fantastic landscape. 5.Why is the sentence “Why not come here for a visit?” written in the last paragraph? A. To encourage readers to visit the village. B. To hope to get help from tourists. C. To tell a story about an old village. D. To show rich stories and rich culture. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. C　4. A　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了中国海南省的留客村，包括其建筑特色、游客活动、万泉河的历史与文化意义，以及村庄如何成为游客的停留地并吸引游客和帮助村民留下，最后鼓励读者前来参观。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“In the village of Liuke in China, houses are made of dark bricks (砖) with red windows.”可知，游客在留客村可以看到用深色砖和红色窗户建造的房子。故选D。 (2)题解析： 篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段总体介绍留客村，第二三四段详细介绍留客村的相关情况，包括游客活动、万泉河以及村庄成为游客停留地的原因，第五段总结全文，鼓励读者前来参观。因此，文章的结构是①/②③④/⑤。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“And now, the Wanquan River is a calling card for Hainan, thanks to its rich stories and history.”可知，万泉河因其丰富的故事和历史而成为海南的名片。故选C。 (4)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据文章第四段“In the old days, when villagers needed to travel to other villages, they had to go by this village. Then the village became a stopover for tourists”可知，在过去，村民需要去其他村庄时，必须经过这个村庄，然后这个村庄就成了游客的停留地。由此可以推断，“stopover”意为“旅途中的停留地”。故选A。 (5)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“Why not come here for a visit? I’m sure you’ll be attracted by the scenery here.”可知，作者鼓励读者前来参观留客村，并相信读者会被这里的风景所吸引。因此，这句话的目的是鼓励读者参观这个村庄。故选A。 主题语境02 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·云南昆明第十二中学·期中）It’s often said that people started farming about 11,700 years ago. But did you know there is a much older “farmer” on earth? It’s the ant. Ants started farming fungi (真菌) a very long time ago. About 66 million (百万) years ago, an asteroid (小行星) hit the earth. Many plants and animals died, and ants didn’t find enough food. So, they turned to fungi for their food. Fungi are tiny living things. They cannot make their own food like plants do. Instead, they get food by breaking down (分解) dead plants and animals. At that time, there was a lot of this kind of food for them. Ants started to grow these fungi inside their nests (巢). They feed the fungi with dead leaves to help them grow. Then, the ants eat the fungi. Scientists find around 250 kinds of ants all over the world build these fungi gardens. The ants are like good gardeners. They weed (除草) and water the gardens. They also keep bad things away so that the fungi can grow better. 1.According to the study, when did ants start eating fungi? A. 66 million years ago. B. 1,700 years ago. C. 11,700 years ago. D. 1,000 years ago. 2.How do fungi get food? A. By farming dead leaves. B. By making food from sunlight. C. By breaking down dead things. D. By eating ants’ food. 3.Where do some ants farm their fungi? A. In their nests. B. On asteroids. C. On dead leaves. D. In the forest. 4.What do ants do to protect their fungi gardens? A. They grow grass in the gardens. B. They build walls around the gardens. C. They keep the gardens under the water. D. They stop bad things from getting close to the gardens. 5.Which of the following shows the structure of the passage? (①=Paragraph 1, ②=Paragraph 2, ③=Paragraph 3, ④=Paragraph 4) A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. A　4. D　5. B 【解析】【导语】 本文讲述了蚂蚁在约6600万年前由于小行星撞击地球导致食物短缺时，开始通过在巢穴中种植真菌来获取食物的故事。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“About 66 million (百万) years ago, an asteroid (小行星) hit the earth. Many plants and animals died, and ants didn’t find enough food. So, they turned to fungi for their food.”可知，蚂蚁在约6600万年前开始以真菌为食。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Instead, they get food by breaking down (分解) dead plants and animals.”可知，真菌通过分解死亡的动植物获取食物。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Ants started to grow these fungi inside their nests (巢).”可知，蚂蚁在它们的巢穴里种植真菌。故选A。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“They also keep bad things away so that the fungi can grow better.”可知，蚂蚁通过阻止有害物靠近来保护真菌园。故选D。 (5)题解析： 篇章结构题。根据文章内容可知，第一段引出蚂蚁是古老的“农民”这一话题；第二、三、四段分别从蚂蚁开始种植真菌的时间、真菌的获取方式、蚂蚁种植真菌的地点及保护措施等方面展开说明，属于“总—分”结构。故选B。 主题语境03 人与自我-健康 （25-26八上·云南大学附属中学·期中）Many schools hold sports games in autumn. It turns out that autumn might be the best season to work out! During this time, the weather is great. After a hot summer, the autumn air is cool and fresh, like a natural air conditioner (空调)! In such weather, you can run, hike, cycle or walk outside without sweating (出汗) much. No more worrying about colds—autumn makes outdoor exercise safer, even when playing for a long time. Cool autumn days and daily exercise can help you sleep better, keeping you healthy. Also, autumn is very pretty! Colorful leaves and nice views can make you happier. When you exercise in nature, fresh air and beautiful views clear your mind too. And don’t forget food! Autumn is harvest (丰收) time—you can easily buy apples, pumpkins, sweet potatoes or pears. They’re full of vitamins, delicious but not expensive. Eating these foods and working out is great! Autumn exercise can also get you ready for winter. It helps you have happy chemicals (化学物质) to fight sad feelings from short days. It also makes your body stronger, so you might not catch a cold in winter. 1.What does the underlined phrase “work out” mean in the first paragraph? A. study at school B. do exercise C. solve a problem D. go on a holiday 2.Which sentence shows a good thing about autumn for doing sports? A. It makes people sweat more. B. It is as hot as summer. C. It is safe for long-time outdoor activities. D. It needs an air conditioner. 3.What can we know about autumn food from the text? A. It’s expensive but delicious. B. It’s only good for children. C. It helps people sleep better. D. It’s full of vitamins and cheap. 4.What does the word “It” refer to in the last paragraph? A. Good sleep. B. Your body. C. Autumn exercise. D. Cool autumn days. 5.How is the text organized? A. By telling a story about autumn. B. By showing how to exercise in autumn. C. By comparing autumn with other seasons. D. By giving reasons why autumn is good for exercise. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. D　4. C　5. D 【解析】【导语】 本文主要讲述了秋天是进行户外运动和锻炼的最佳季节。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第一段“Many schools hold sports games in autumn. It turns out that autumn might be the best season to work out!”以及后文围绕秋天适合锻炼展开的描述可知，“work out”意思是进行锻炼，“do exercise”符合。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“No more worrying about colds—autumn makes outdoor exercise safer, even when playing for a long time.”可知，秋天对于长时间户外活动是安全的，这是秋天适合做运动的一个好处。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“Autumn is harvest (丰收) time—you can easily buy apples, pumpkins, sweet potatoes or pears. They’re full of vitamins, delicious but not expensive.”可知，秋天的食物富含维生素且便宜。故选D。 (4)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据最后一段“Autumn exercise can also get you ready for winter. It helps you have happy chemicals (化学物质) to fight sad feelings from short days.”可知，这里“It”指代前面提到的“Autumn exercise”。故选C。 (5)题解析： 推理判断题。文章第二段讲秋天凉爽的天气适合锻炼，第三段讲秋天锻炼能助眠且让人心情好，第四段讲秋天食物丰富且健康适合锻炼时吃，第五段讲秋天锻炼能为冬天做准备，整体是在给出秋天适合锻炼的原因。故选D。 主题语境04 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·云南文山第二学区四校·期中）Some animals are the most dangerous animals in the world. However, most of them are also in danger now. Great White Sharks The great white sharks are famous for their size and their sharp (锋利的) teeth. These allow them to catch more food like fish. People call them the king of the sea. They are white and black. The adult (成年的) sharks can be 4-5.2 m and 680-1,100 kg. Polar Bears The adult polar bears can be 350-700 kg. They are all white and full of thick (厚的) fur. Their fur can protect them from water. Although most polar bears are born on land, they spend most of their time in the sea. Poison Dart Frogs (箭毒蛙) Poison dart frogs live in Central and South America. They often have beautiful colours. Most of them are small, sometimes less than 1.5 cm. A poison dart frog has enough poison to stop the heart of a large animal from beating. The poison is on their skin (皮肤), so don’t touch them. 1.What are the great white sharks famous for? A. Their big eyes. B. Their living places. C. Their size and sharp teeth. D. Their beautiful colours. 2.The adult polar bears can weigh about ________. A. 250 kg B. 400 kg C. 900 kg D. 1,100 kg 3.Where is poison dart frogs’ poison? A. It’s on their skin. B. It’s on their teeth. C. It’s on their legs. D. It’s in their mouths. 4.Which of the following is TRUE? A. The polar bear is the king of the land. B. Great white sharks don’t like living in the sea. C. These three kinds of animals are very dangerous. D. We can feel free to touch the poison dart frogs. 5.What’s the text mainly about? A. The ways to protect animals. B. Some animals with poison. C. The places where the animals live. D. Some animals are in danger. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. A　4. C　5. D 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了三种濒危动物。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The great white sharks are famous for their size and their sharp (锋利的) teeth.”可知，大白鲨以它们的体型和锋利的牙齿而出名。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The adult polar bears can be 350-700 kg.”可知，成年北极熊体重在350到700公斤之间，400公斤在此范围内。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The poison is on their skin”可知，箭毒蛙的毒在皮肤上。故选A。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Some animals are the most dangerous animals in the world. However, most of them are also in danger now.”可知，这三种动物都很危险。故选C。 (5)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据“However, most of them are also in danger now.”及全文可知，本文主要介绍了一些濒危动物。故选D。 Passage 2 I’m a corn plant. People like to eat my corn kernels (玉米粒). They’re yummy. I can also be turned into other things. My leaves are big and flat. They’re important. When sunlight hits my leaves, something amazing happens—my leaves take in CO2. At the same time, the stem sends water up to the leaves. With the help of sunlight, my leaves turn CO2 and water into sugar, oxygen (氧气), and other things. My stem is like a tall tower: It carries the water and nutrients (营养物) from the roots to my leaves. It keeps me standing up straight. My roots are like thin strings in the soil. They hold me tightly (牢固地) so I won’t fall. They also suck up (吸收) water and food from the soil for me to grow. 1.According to the text, which part of the corn plant do people like eating? A. The leaves. B. The stem. C. The fruit. D. The roots. 2.When sunlight hits the corn’s leaves, what will happen? A. 呼吸作用 B. 光合作用 C. 蒸腾作用 D. 分解作用 3.What does the stem of the corn look like according to the text? A. A human hand. B. A thin string. C. A large fan. D. A tall tower. 4.What can we learn from the text? A. The leaves of the corn plant are small. B. With the help of sunlight, the leaves can turn oxygen into CO2. C. The roots keep the corn plant standing up straight. D. The corn plant won’t fall because of the tight roots. 5.Where can you read this text? A. In a nature magazine. B. In a story book. C. In a history book. D. In a guide book. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. D　4. D　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，以第一人称的视角介绍了玉米植株的各个部分，包括人们喜欢吃的玉米粒，以及玉米的叶子、茎和根的特点与功能等。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“I’m a corn plant. People like to eat my corn kernels (玉米粒). They’re yummy.”可知，人们喜欢吃玉米粒，玉米粒属于玉米的果实部分，即人们喜欢吃玉米植株的果实。故选C。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“When sunlight hits my leaves, something amazing happens—my leaves take in CO2. At the same time, the stem sends water up to the leaves. With the help of sunlight, my leaves turn CO2 and water into sugar, oxygen (氧气), and other things.”可知，当阳光照射到玉米的叶子上时，叶子吸收二氧化碳，茎把水输送到叶子，在阳光的帮助下，叶子将二氧化碳和水转化为糖、氧气和其他物质，这是光合作用的过程。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“My stem is like a tall tower: It carries the water and nutrients (营养物) from the roots to my leaves.”可知，玉米的茎像一座高塔。故选D。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第四段“My roots are like thin strings in the soil. They hold me tightly (牢固地) so I won’t fall.”可知，玉米的根像土壤中的细绳，它们紧紧地抓住玉米植株，使其不会倒下。故选D。 (5)题解析： 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了玉米植株的各个部分及其功能，属于自然科普类的内容，所以最有可能在自然杂志上读到这篇文章。故选A。 Passage 3 Protect Animals, Protect the World Animals are important to our world. Governments and organizations work together to protect them. Giant pandas eat bamboo shoots, bamboo leaves and some fruit. They live in the mountains of China and usually live alone. Black rhinos mainly live in eastern and southern Africa. They have two horns (角). The number of black rhinos has become smaller these years. Black rhinos are critically endangered (极度濒危的) now. The snow leopard is a member of the cat family (科), living in the mountains of central Asia. Polar bears just look white, but they don’t have white fur. They live in the Arctic. 1.Which of the following is probably food for giant pandas? A. Apples. B. Chocolate. C. Rice. D. Lions. 2.Where can people find black rhinos? A. In the Arctic. B. In the mountains of Asia. C. In central China. D. In southern Africa. 3.Which is the best poster to protect animals? A. STOP BUYING FUR! B. FOR A VISIT TO THE C. KEEP A SNOW D. HORNS! BIG SALE! 4.What can we learn from the passage? A. Polar bears have white fur. B. Giant pandas usually live in groups. C. The number of black rhinos has increased greatly. D. Snow leopards and cats are in the same family. 5.In which part of a magazine can we probably read the material? A. Travel. B. Sports. C. Animals. D. Movies. 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. A　4. D　5. C 【解析】【导语】 本文介绍了大熊猫、黑犀牛、雪豹和北极熊四种濒危动物的栖息地、食性及生存现状，并强调了动物保护的重要性。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Giant pandas cat bamboo shoots, bamboo leaves and some fruit.”可知，大熊猫吃竹笋、竹叶和一些水果。在给出的选项中，只有 Apples（苹果）属于水果，是大熊猫可能的食物。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Black rhinos mainly live in eastern and southern Africa.”可知，黑犀牛主要生活在非洲东部和南部。故选D。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。保护动物的主题海报，选项A“STOP BUYING FUR! 别再买皮草了！”最为适合。故选A。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The snow leopard is a member of the cat family (科)”可知，雪豹是猫科动物中的一员，故选D。 (5)题解析： 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了大熊猫、黑犀牛、雪豹、北极熊等动物的相关信息，围绕动物展开，所以最有可能在杂志的 Animals（动物）部分读到这篇文章。故选C。 主题语境01 人与社会-旅游 （25-26八上·云南红河州开远第一中学·期中）Where do you like spending your vacation? In China, more and more people like spending their vacation at less-known tourist attractions (旅游景点) instead of well-known ones now. People call it “reverse (逆向) tourism”. Well-known tourist attractions are usually packed, especially during national holidays. Visitors even only move one meter every 10 minutes when travelling. It makes it hard for visitors to spend relaxing and enjoyable vacations. But at less-known tourist attractions, visitors can usually get better travel experiences. Besides crowds (人群), spending vacations at less-known tourist attractions is also a good way to save money. The prices of food and hotel stays are usually high at well-known tourist attractions during holidays. But at less-known ones, prices are much lower. Less-known tourist attractions can bring the feeling of freshness. ________ Spending vacations there can help people enjoy scenery they haven’t seen in the past. Some visitors just want to find somewhere quiet to have a rest. This kind of travel form (形式) is a good choice for them. The rise of reverse tourism is not a bad thing. It brings more possibilities (可能性) to the tourism market. And it can help people living in less-known tourist attractions to make more money. Also, it can help these spots to get better. It is believed that reverse tourism will be even more popular in the near future. 1.Where do more and more Chinese people choose to spend their vacations according to the passage? A. At well-known tourist attractions. B. At less-known tourist attractions. C. At natural tourist attractions. D. At special tourist attractions. 2.What does the underlined word “packed” in Paragraph 2 mean? A. 昂贵的 B. 便利的 C. 宁静的 D. 拥挤的 3.Which of the following can be put in “________” in Paragraph 4? A. These places are usually not far away. B. Visitors can feel the warmth of home there. C. Visitors might not have visited these places before. D. These places can remind visitors of their past lives. 4.What is the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 5.What’s the best title for the passage? A. A Popular Form of Tourism B. The improvement in Tourism C. Interesting Tourism Experiences D. The Ways to Travel Around 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. C　4. D　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了在中国越来越受欢迎的“逆向旅游”，阐述了人们选择去不太知名旅游景点度假的原因及这种旅游形式的积极影响。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“In China, more and more people like spending their vacation at less-known tourist attractions instead of well-known ones now.”可知，越来越多的中国人选择在不太知名的旅游景点度假。故选B。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“Well-known tourist attractions are usually packed, especially during national holidays. Visitors even only move one meter every 10 minutes when travelling.”可知，游客在游览时甚至每10分钟只能移动一米，说明知名旅游景点通常很“拥挤”。故选D。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Spending vacations there can help people enjoy scenery they haven’t seen in the past.”可知，游客以前可能没有去过这些地方。故选C。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。第一段引出“逆向旅游”这一话题；第二、三、四段分别从不同角度阐述“逆向旅游”的优势；第五段总结“逆向旅游”的积极影响及发展前景。所以结构是①/②③④/⑤。故选D。 (5)题解析： 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了“逆向旅游”这种受欢迎的旅游形式。故选A。 主题语境02 人与社会-社会 （25-26八上·云南文山第二学区四校·期中）Some young kids don’t know how special they are. They think they are too common. This is the problem of most kids today. Every kid feels that way, especially in middle schools. When they see famous sports players or cool pop stars, they often think: Am I famous? What am I going to be when I grow up? That’s part of growing up. Growing up means understanding what you can do and what you can offer to the world. When you are young, you don’t see that. But when you get older, you’ll know that just by being yourself, you do give something to other people. Maybe you aren’t the best, but that doesn’t make you “not special”. Think about friends. Write down some things that you like about them. Think carefully about why you’re friends, and then you will know that though they aren’t the smartest or the coolest, they are in their ways. And they feel just the same as you! In fact, it is great to be the best at something, but it’s OK if you can’t be the best. If you just live your life and try hard, you are still really amazing. And you can make your dream come true. 1.What’s the problem of most kids today? A. They don’t care for pop stars. B. They want to see famous people. C. They don’t know they are special. D. They want to make more friends. 2.According to the passage growing up means ________. A. trying to be the best. B. you get older and older. C. you should make your plans. D. understanding what you can do for yourself and others. 3.What does the underlined word “offer” mean? A. care B. sell C. buy D. give 4.What can we know from Paragraph (段落) 3? A. You should always like your friends. B. You shouldn’t forget your friends. C. Your friends and you are special. D. You must be the best. 5.The text mainly talks about ________. A. how special you are B. what you should do when you grow up C. why you are so common D. how you can be the best at something 【答案】1. C　2. D　3. D　4. C　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了即使自己不是最优秀的，也不必觉得普通，每个人都有独特之处，努力生活就很了不起。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Some young kids don’t know how special they are. They think they are too common. This is the problem of most kids today.”可知，现在大多数孩子的问题是他们不知道自己很特别。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Growing up means understanding what you can do and what you can offer to the world.”可知，成长意味着明白自己能做什么以及能为世界提供什么。故选D。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“But when you get older, you’ll know that just by being yourself, you do give something to other people.”可知，“offer”与后句中的“give”表意相近，意为“给予”。故选D。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Maybe you aren’t the best, but that doesn’t make you ‘not special’.”和“though they aren’t the smartest or the coolest, they are in their ways. And they feel just the same as you!”可知，你和你的朋友都是特别的。故选C。 (5)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据全文内容及“Some young kids don’t know how special they are”“Maybe you aren’t the best, but that doesn’t make you ‘not special’”可知，文章主要围绕“你有多特别”展开。故选A。 主题语境03 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·云南师范大学实验中学·期中）Do you like the taste of onions in your dishes? Do you know why onions are popular in cooking? Onions are a type of common vegetable, and they come in three main colors: yellow, red, and white. For thousands of years, people have added onions to their cooking to make dishes more delicious. Besides tasting good, onions are also good for your health—they are easy to digest (消化). And they contain special things that help your body stay away from illnesses. Yet cutting an onion almost always makes your eyes filled with tears! When you cut an onion, some irritating chemicals (化学物质) inside go into the air. These chemicals from onions will go into your eyes and cause a stinging (刺痛) feeling. So, your eyes produce tears to keep themselves safe. Thankfully, both cooks and scientists have figured out ways to stop you from crying while cutting onions. Cut the onion under a stream of running water. The water will wash away the chemicals before they can go into your eyes. Use a fan to blow air over the onion as you cut it. The air will carry the chemicals away from your eyes. Place the onion in the refrigerator for one hour before cutting it, which can reduce (减少) tears. This slows down the movement of the chemicals in the onion, so they may not reach your eyes at all. If you try these ways but can’t stop crying completely, there’s no need to worry. Scientists explain that cutting onions more often will help your body get used to (习惯) the chemicals. As a result, the tears won’t last very long. And if you think about how good onions are for your health, you might even call those tears “happy tears”. 1.How does the writer start this text? A. By listing numbers. B. By telling stories. C. By asking questions. D. By giving suggestions. 2.Why do people add onions to their cooking according to the text? A. To make food easier to cook. B. To make food have a better taste. C. To make food more colorful. D. To make food stay fresh overnight. 3.What causes the stinging feeling in people’s eyes when cutting onions? A. The chemicals from the onion. B. The fan blowing over onions. C. The cold air from the refrigerator. D. The water used to wash onions. 4.What can we infer (推断) from the last paragraph? A. Cutting onions more often is bad for health. B. The right ways can stop tears completely. C. “Happy tears” means people don’t like onions. D. People will get used to onion chemicals gradually. 5.What is the main purpose of the text? A. To introduce onions’ colors and cooking uses. B. To tell scientists’ new findings about onions. C. To advise people to eat more onions for health. D. To explain why onions make people cry and how to reduce tears. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. A　4. D　5. D 【解析】【导语】 本文主要讲述了洋葱在烹饪中的受欢迎程度及其健康益处，同时解释了为什么切洋葱时会让人流泪，并提供了几种减少流泪的方法。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Do you like the taste of onions in your dishes? Do you know why onions are popular in cooking?”可知，作者是通过提问的方式开启文章的。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“For thousands of years, people have added onions to their cooking to make dishes more delicious.”可知，人们加洋葱是为了让菜肴更美味。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“When you cut an onion, some irritating chemicals (化学物质) inside go into the air. These chemicals from onions will go into your eyes and cause a stinging (刺痛) feeling.”可知，是洋葱里的化学物质导致眼睛有刺痛感。故选A。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Scientists explain that cutting onions more often will help your body get used to (习惯) the chemicals. As a result, the tears won’t last very long.”可知，人们会逐渐习惯洋葱的化学物质。故选D。 (5)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，文章主要解释了为什么切洋葱会让人流泪以及如何减少流泪的方法。故选D。 主题语境04 人与自我-个人兴趣 （25-26八上·云南昆明金岸中学·期中）The game, Black Myth: Wukong (《黑神话：悟空》), came out on Aug 20th in the world. It’s an action role-playing game by Game Science. It came from Chinese folk (民间的) stories and Journey to the West (《西游记》). “To create a fantastic Chinese story, we read many Chinese folk stories, taking ideas from their stories and characters, such as The Classic of Mountains and Seas (《山海经》) and The Investiture of the Gods (《封神演义》). They all helped the making of the game,” creator Feng Ji said. Black Myth: Wukong shows the beauty of Chinese old buildings and has interesting characters. In the game, players can play as a monkey hero Sun Wukong, also known as the Monkey King, and travel to different places, from green forests to dark places. It is China’s first 3A game with beautiful graphics (画面), a rich story, and exciting fighting. The game’s creators went across China, looked for Chinese old buildings and put them into the game. What’s more, the game uses traditional Chinese musical instruments such as the guzheng, erhu, bowls and so on. This game is a great example of the talent and creativity of Chinese. By playing the game, players from other countries enjoy themselves and know more about Chinese culture. 1.What stories did the game come from? ①some Chinese folk stories ②Journey to the West ③The Classic of Mountains and Seas ④The investiture of the Gods A. ②③④ B. ①② C. ①③ D. ①②③④ 2.What does the underlined word “instruments” mean? A. 导演 B. 编剧 C. 乐器 D. 课程 3.What role does the players play in the game? A. Sun Wukong. B. Feng Ji. C. A character from The Investiture of the Gods. D. A character from The Classic of Mountains and Seas. 4.Which of the following is TRUE? A. The game came out only in China. B. Players can’t see Chinese old buildings in the game. C. 3A game has beautiful graphics, a rich story, and exciting fighting. D. The game isn’t popular with players from the US. 5.Where can we see the passage? A. In a diary. B. In a magazine. C. In a storybook. D. In a cookbook. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. A　4. C　5. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了中国首个3A游戏《黑神话：悟空》。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“It came from Chinese folk (民间的) stories and Journey to the West (《西游记》).”可知，这款游戏来自中国民间故事和《西游记》。故选B。 (2)题解析： 词义猜测题。根据“such as the guzheng, erhu, bowls and so on.”可知，古筝、二胡等是一些传统的乐器，因此划线单词表示“乐器”。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“In the game, players can play as a monkey hero Sun Wukong, also known as the Monkey King, and travel to different places, from green forests to dark places.”可知，玩家在游戏中扮演的是孙悟空。故选A。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“It is China’s first 3A game with beautiful graphics (画面), a rich story, and exciting fighting.”可知，3A游戏有着漂亮的画面，丰富的历史和激动人心的打斗。故选C。 (5)题解析： 推理判断题。本文主要介绍了一款游戏及文化背景，能够在杂志上看见。故选B。 主题语境05 人与自我-方法与哲理 （25-26八上·云南玉溪四中、六中·期中）①When we buy a house, we all want to have nice neighbors, because most of us think that it is comfortable and happy to live with some good neighbors. But what kind of neighbor is good? The answers are different from people to people. Here are some answers. ②First, it is very important to respect each other. If our neighbors try to know more about our life and talk with others about it, how will we feel? Do you want to live with him or her any more? The answer is “No”. We will feel very unhappy to have this kind of neighbor and want to move away quickly. ③Next, a good neighbor is usually ready to give us a hand when we need him or her. For example, when we find we have run out of eggs while cooking, our neighbors always give us some without asking us to return them. ④Finally, a good neighbor should love the environment. He or she never puts rubbish here and there, because the good environment can make us comfortable. ⑤I think we all should learn to be good neighbors, and I also hope everyone will have good neighbors and live a happy life. 1.We want to have nice neighbors because ________. A. it is happy to live with good neighbors B. they can know more about our life C. they can give us eggs for free D. they can take out rubbish for us 2.We’ll feel ________ in a good environment. A. tired and sick B. strong and busy C. warm and free D. comfortable and happy 3.What can we learn from the text? A. Neighbors should talk with others about our life. B. Good neighbors are usually ready to give us a hand. C. People should learn to have good neighbors. D. We can always live with good neighbors. 4.The structure (结构) of the passage should be ________. A. B. C. D. 5.Where can you find this passage? A. In a life magazine. B. In a story book. C. In a math report. D. In an everyday diary. 【答案】1. A　2. D　3. B　4. A　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要探讨了什么是好邻居以及如何成为好邻居，从互相尊重、乐于助人和爱护环境三个方面进行了阐述。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第①段“When we buy a house, we all want to have nice neighbors, because most of us think that it is comfortable and happy to live with some good neighbors.”可知，想要好邻居的原因是和他们住在一起很幸福。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第①段“... it is comfortable and happy to live with some good neighbors.”以及第④段“... because the good environment can make us comfortable.”可知，良好环境会带来舒适且幸福的感受。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据文章第③段“Next, a good neighbor is usually ready to give us a hand when we need him or her.”可知，好邻居总是乐于助人。故选B。 (4)题解析： 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第①段引出主题“什么是好邻居”；第②、③、④段分别从“尊重彼此”、“乐于助人”和“爱护环境”三个方面展开论述；第⑤段总结全文，发出倡议。因此文章结构是总—分—总结构。故选A。 (5)题解析： 推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章围绕邻里关系展开，介绍生活中好邻居的特质及相处之道，属于生活类话题，因此最有可能出现在生活杂志中。故选A。 主题语境06 人与自我-日常活动 （25-26八上·云南昆明高新一中·期中）Housework is a great disciplinary (执行纪律的) tool to use for children. However, not all chores are suitable (合适的) for every age. The following is advice on activities to develop the children’s good habits. Two-year-olds can learn how to take out the rubbish. They can also help their parents carry light things and hang up clothes. At this age, children should learn how to put their toys away before going to bed. At the age of three, children can learn how to water plants and feed pets carefully. They should learn how to make their beds and put their dishes away. Children at this age can pick up the daily newspapers, and begin to learn how to wash clothes. Four-year-olds should be old enough to do what the two and three-year-olds can do and more. They can make their beds, set the table, and clean up after dinner. They should also learn how to fold their clothes and put them in the correct cabinets (柜子), as well as how to choose their clothes for the following day. Children aged five should help clean the table and change their bed sheets. They can also prepare their schoolbags, as well as something else related to (与……有关) the next school day. At this age they should learn to clean their toys and tidy up their rooms. Children grow through personal experiences. The more things they do, the faster they will develop. It is important that they learn how to be independent and try to finish the tasks by themselves. 1.Match the ages with suitable activities according to the passage. a. 2 years old b. 3 years old c. 4 years old d. 5 years old ①change bed sheets ②fold clothes ③hang up clothes ④wash clothes A. a—④; b—③; c—①; d—② B. a—③; b—④; c—①; d—② C. a—③; b—④; c—②; d—① D. a—④; b—②; c—③; d—① 2.What does the underlined word “They” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Two-year-old children. B. Three-year-old children. C. Four-year-old children. D. Five-year-old children. 3.What makes children grow according to the passage? A. Personal experiences. B. Help from parents. C. Relationships between friends. D. Schoolwork. 4.What’s the purpose (意图) of the passage? A. To ask parents to do more chores at home. B. To let children do proper chores at different ages. C. To explain the importance of teaching children. D. To show children how to do chores. 5.Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. C　2. C　3. A　4. B　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了不同年龄段的孩子适合做的家务，以培养他们的好习惯。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Two-year-olds... hang up clothes”“At the age of three…begin to learn how to wash clothes”“Four-year-olds... learn how to fold their clothes”“Children aged five…change their bed sheets”可知，2岁孩子对应挂衣服③，3岁孩子对应洗衣服④，4岁孩子对应叠衣服②，5岁孩子对应换床单①。故选C。 (2)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“Four-year-olds should be old enough to do what the two and three-year-olds can do and more. They can make their beds…”可知，They指的是四岁的孩子。故选C。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Children grow through personal experiences.”可知，孩子通过个人经历成长。故选A。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。文章主要介绍了不同年龄段的孩子适合做的家务，目的是让孩子在不同年龄做合适的家务。故选B。 (5)题解析： 篇章结构题。文章第一段总述家务对孩子的作用及不同年龄适合不同家务，第二至五段分别介绍2-5岁孩子适合的家务，第六段总结孩子通过经历成长及独立的重要性，结构为①/②③④⑤/⑥，故选A。 主题语境07 人与自然-动物与植物 Passage 1 （25-26八上·云南文山第二学区四校·期中）The Wonderful World of Bamboo Bamboo is one of the most amazing plants on Earth. It grows well in Asia, Africa and South America. It is not just a common plant, but a useful resource (资源) for people and animals. Why is bamboo special? First, it’s one of the fastest-growing plants. Some can grow up to 1 meter a day! This makes it a great renewable resource (可再生资源). People can harvest it every 3-5 years without killing it. Unlike trees that take many years to grow again, bamboo grows back much faster. So it is good for the environment. Bamboo is also strong. For a long time, people used it to build houses, bridges and tools. They also made it into musical instruments like flutes. Now, people use it to make bicycles, clothes and packagings—this is better than plastic. Animals need bamboo too. Pandas eat up to 38 kg of bamboo a day. Elephants, and birds also use it for food or homes. So bamboo forests are important for ecosystems. Bamboo shoots are popular food in many places. They are delicious and good for health. Bamboo plays an important role in our world. If we protect bamboo forests, people and animals can live better. 1.Where does bamboo grow well? A. Only in Asia. B. In Asia, Africa and South America. C. In Europe and North America. D. Only in Africa. 2.Why is bamboo good for the environment? A. It is a common plant. B. It can be made into tools. C. The panda loves it. D. It grows back much faster than trees. 3.What does the underlined word “harvest” mean in the passage? A. 种植 B. 收割 C. 加工 D. 售卖 4.Which animal eats up to 38 kg of bamboo a day? A. Elephants. B. Gorillas. C. Birds. D. Pandas. 5.What can we know from the passage? A. Bamboo is not a useful resource. B. Bamboo shoots are not good for health. C. People can’t use bamboo to make anything. D. Protecting bamboo forests helps people and animals. 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. B　4. D　5. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了竹子是生长快、可再生且用途广泛的神奇植物，对人类、动物和生态系统都很重要，保护竹林能让人与动物生活得更好。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Bamboo is one of the most amazing plants on Earth. It grows well in Asia, Africa and South America.”可知，竹子在亚洲、非洲和南美洲生长良好。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Unlike trees that take many years to grow again, bamboo grows back much faster. So it is good for the environment.”可知，竹子比树木再生得快得多，所以对环境有益。故选D。 (3)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“People can harvest it every 3-5 years without killing it. Unlike trees that take many years to grow again, bamboo grows back much faster.”可知，人们每3-5年可以收割它且不会杀死它，结合竹子再生快的特性，“harvest”意为“收割”。故选B。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Pandas eat up to 38 kg of bamboo a day.”可知，熊猫每天能吃多达38公斤的竹子。故选D。 (5)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“If we protect bamboo forests, people and animals can live better.”可知，保护竹林有助于人类和动物生活得更好。故选D。 Passage 2 （25-26八上·云南红河州开远第一中学·期中）Long ago, when God first planted a tree, the tree was full of energy and kept moving. Then God pulled it out and planted it upside down (颠倒) to make sure it stayed in one place. What’s the tree? It’s the baobab tree, also called monkey bread tree. The baobab tree with a strange look grows in Africa and Australia. It looks like a large bottle. Some grow as tall as a 16-floor building. During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks (树干) sticking up in the air. But when the rainy season comes, leaves appear and then flowers come out. Later, the flowers turn into fruits. The baobab tree is also called “the tree of life” because the tree can live for more than 1,000 years. In the dry land, a baobab tree can take in and hold about 32,000 gallons of water. People can drink the water stored in it. The fruits are good to eat. The leaves are a kind of medicine. Besides, people can use its bark (树皮) to make paper or cloth. When a baobab tree gets old, its trunk becomes hollow (中空的). An old baobab tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks. So you see, it is such a beneficial tree that some people could hardly live without it. 1.How does the writer start the passage? A. By using a saying. B. By telling a story. C. By asking a question. D. By giving an example. 2.Which picture shows the baobab tree in the dry season? A. B. C. D. 3.What can we know from the passage? A. Baobab trees only grow in Africa. B. The leaves of baobab trees are a kind of medicine. C. The oldest baobab tree is less than 1,000 years old. D. People can use baobab trees’ fruits to make paper. 4.What does the underlined word “beneficial” mean in Paragraph 3? A. common B. pleasant C. useful D. dangerous 5.What’s the best title for the passage? A. The Name of Baobab B. Baobab’s Appearance in a Year C. A Special Tree—Baobab D. Baobab’s Trunk, Leaves, and Fruits 【答案】1. B　2. B　3. B　4. C　5. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了猴面包树的特征、生长习性及其用途。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据“Long ago, when God first planted a tree...”可知，作者通过讲述一个故事开篇。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“During the dry season, these trees are standing there without leaves, and look like trunks sticking up in the air.”可知，旱季的猴面包树没有叶子，只有树干。图B符合描述。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The leaves are a kind of medicine.”可知，猴面包树的叶子可作药用。故选B。 (4)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据“The fruits are good to eat. The leaves are a kind of medicine. Besides, people can use its bark (树皮) to make paper or cloth. When a baobab tree gets old, its trunk becomes hollow (中空的). An old baobab tree can hold many people. The local people often build their houses inside these trunks.”可知，猴面包树的果实可以吃，叶子可作药，树皮可造纸或布，树干中空可容纳很多人，当地人常在树干里建房子，所以这种树很有用，“beneficial”意思是“有用的”。故选C。 (5)题解析： 最佳标题题。文章主要介绍了猴面包树这一特殊树种的特征和用途。故选C。 Passage 3 Some interesting animals Main Food People in India think the cow is the mother of the earth. It gives so much but asks nothing in return. So in many Indian cities, people don’t eat or sell beef. Cows in India can walk freely with the cars. Grass The zebra belongs to (属于) the horse family. They live in southern and central Africa. Zebras have good hearing and eyesight and it can run at speeds of up to 40 miles each hour. Grass The kangaroo is the symbol of Australia. They can’t walk. They use their strong back legs to jump. They can jump over 56 kilometers each hour. They can go over nine meters in one jump! Grass Leaves The polar bear lives in the snow and ice. It is 3 meters long and it weighs (重) 450 kilos. It can stand up on its back legs because it has very wide feet. It can use its front legs like arms. It can swim well. Sea animals 1.________ is a member (成员) of the horse family. A. The cow B. The zebra C. The kangaroo D. The polar bear 2.If you walk in the street, you can meet a cow in ________. A. China B. Australia C. Africa D. India 3.Which of the following animals live on grass? ①The cow ②The zebra ③The kangaroo ④The polar bear A. ①②④ B. ②③④ C. ①②③ D. ①③④ 4.What can we learn from the passage? A. The zebra’s hearing and eyesight are great. B. The cow is the mother of the earth all over the world. C. The kangaroo is able to walk and they jump with their front legs. D. The polar bear does badly in swimming. 5.Where can we read this passage? A. In a novel. B. In a science book. C. In an animal newspaper. D. In an ad (广告). 【答案】1. B　2. D　3. C　4. A　5. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了四种有趣的动物。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“The zebra belongs to (属于) the horse family. ”可知，斑马是马家族的一员。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“People in India think the cow is the mother of the earth. … So in many Indian cities, people don’t eat or sell beef. Cows in India can walk freely with the cars.”可知，在印度的城市里，牛可以在街上自由行走，所以如果你在街上走，在印度可能会遇到牛。故选D。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。从表格中可知，牛的主要食物是“Grass”，斑马的主要食物是“Grass”，袋鼠的主要食物是“Grass Leaves”，北极熊的主要食物是“Sea animals”。所以以草为食的动物是牛、斑马和袋鼠，即①②③。故选C。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Zebras have good hearing and eyesight and it can run at speeds of up to 40 miles each hour.”可知，斑马的听力和视力很好，故选A。 (5)题解析： 推理判断题。这篇文章主要介绍了牛、斑马、袋鼠和北极熊这几种有趣的动物，包括它们的特点、生活地区和主要食物等信息，更有可能出现在动物报纸上。 故选C。 Passage 4 Champion (冠军) of the cold Arctic tern (北极燕鸥) Size: About 35cm long Food: Fish and shellfish (贝类) Skill: We spend summer in the Arctic. When it is winter in the Arctic, we fly to Antarctica (南极洲). We hold the record for the longest migration (迁徙) in the world! Lemming (旅鼠) Size: 15cm long Food: Grass Skill: We grow hard “shells” on our claws (爪子). We can dig holes easily in the hard and icy land. Polar bear Size: 1.8 to 2.5m long Food: Seals and fish Skill: Our thick and waterproof fur (防水毛皮) coat keeps us warm and dry after swimming. Under our fur, we have black skin (皮肤). This helps us take in the sun’s heat. Arctic fox Size: 45 to 100 cm from head to tail Food: Lemmings, fish and birds Skill: We can change the colour of our fur. Usually, we are white in winter and brown in summer. Harp seal (格陵兰海豹) Size: 1.68 to 1.9 m long Food: Fish Skill: Our thick fur and fat keep our body temperature at 40°C. We can stay warm! 1.Which animal is the champion of the longest migration in the world? A. Lemmings. B. Harp seals. C. Arctic foxes. D. Arctic terns. 2.What colour is Arctic foxes’ fur in summer? A. Brown. B. Black. C. White. D. Yellow. 3.How many kinds of animals are there in the passage that eat fish? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 4.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true? A. Lemmings can dig holes easily in the hard and icy land. B. Polar bears have black skin under their fur. C. The body length of an Arctic fox is from 45 to 100 cm. D. Harp seals have thin fur to keep their body warm. 5.Which column (栏目) does the passage probably come from? A. Art. B. Nature. C. Music. D. Sports. 【答案】1. D　2. A　3. C　4. D　5. B 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了五种动物的相关信息。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“We hold the record for the longest migration (迁徙) in the world!”可知，世界上迁徙距离最长的冠军动物是北极燕鸥。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Usually, we are white in winter and brown in summer.”可知，北极狐夏季毛色为棕色。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据Arctic tern (北极燕鸥)对应的“Food: Fish and shellfish (贝类)”；Polar bear对应的“Food: Seals and fish”；Harp seal (格陵兰海豹)对应的“Food: Fish”以及Arctic fox对应的“Food: Lemmings, fish and birds”可知，共4种动物吃鱼。故选C。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Our thick fur and fat keep our body temperature at 40°C.”可知，格陵兰海豹有厚厚的皮毛和脂肪保暖，选项D描述“thin fur”，是错误的。故选D。 (5)题解析： 推理判断题。通读全文可知，全文介绍了极地动物的特征（大小、食物、技能），属于自然科普类内容，最可能来自于“自然”栏目。故选B。 主题语境01 人与社会-人际交往 （25-26八上·云南昆明二中&华山中学·期中）“A friend in need is a friend indeed.” Friends are important to us. Friends help us get through hard times. Friends also influence us a lot. Let’s enjoy two poems about friendship. ②To Wang Lun I, Li Bai, sit aboard a ship about to go. When suddenly on shore your farewell songs o’erflow. However deep the Lake of Peach Blossoms (桃花) may be. It is not so deep, Wang Lun! As your love for me. ③A Time to Talk (By Robert Frost) When a friend calls to me from the road And slows his horse to a meaning walk, I don’t stand still and look around. On all the hills I haven’t hoed (锄地), And shout from where I am, what is it? No, not as there is a time to talk. I thrust my hoe in the mellow ground, Blade (锄头) -end up and five feet tall. And I go up to the stone wall. For a friendly visit. ④Both poems are famous in their cultures, but they tell different stories. Li Bai described the scene (场景) of his friend seeing him off. US poet Robert Frost wrote about a friend’s visit when he was working. Li made a comparison. His poem shows the friendship between him and his friend is deeper than the deep water. Frost’s poem, on the other hand, tells the readers that we should stop what we are doing to talk with our friends. It tells us that nothing should get in the way of spending time with friends. The language is simple but sincere (真挚的). 1.How does the writer lead into the topic? A. By asking a question. B. By giving an example. C. By telling a story. D. By using an old saying. 2.What scene did Li Bai describe in the poem? A. Ships on the lake. B. Peach blossoms. C. Wang Lun seeing him off. D. Songs sung by Wang Lun. 3.What does the underlined word “It” refer to? A. The ship. B. Love. C. Li Bai. D. The Lake of Peach Blossoms. 4.What do we know about the two poems? A. They are not very famous. B. They are both about friendship. C. They tell two similar stories. D. They are written by the same person. 5.What’s the structure of the passage? A. B. C. D. 【答案】1. D　2. C　3. D　4. B　5. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了李白和罗伯特·弗罗斯特的两首诗歌，探讨友谊在不同文化背景下的表达方式，并强调友谊的深厚和真挚。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“A friend in need is a friend indeed.”可知，患难见真情，引用了谚语。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“Li Bai described the scene of his friend seeing him off.”可知，李白描述的场景是朋友汪伦为他送行。故选C。 (3)题解析： 代词指代题。根据第二段“However deep the Lake of Peach Blossoms may be. It is not so deep, Wang Lun! As your love for me.”可知，桃花潭水深千尺，不及汪伦送我情，此处it指代上句提到的桃花潭。故选D。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“Let’s enjoy two poems about friendship.”可知，主题都是关于友谊。故选B。 (5)题解析： 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，文章第一段写出友谊的重要性，引出下文；第二、三段介绍了两首关于友谊的著名诗歌；第四段总体分析两首诗歌的异同点，所以文章结构为总分总。故选C。 主题语境02 人与社会-科普知识与现代技术 （25-26八上·云南大理下关一中初中部教育集团·期中）The world is always full of surprising things. Do you know the following strange plants or animals? Can a tree laugh? It grows in the middle of Africa. When it comes to laughing, this tree is really funny. This is because the fruit of this tree has a hole (洞) in it. As the wind blows, this amazing tree “laughs”. When people first hear it laughing, they are usually so surprised that they begin to laugh along with the tree. Can a fossil (化石) be alive? The plant grows in the southwest of Africa. Like most plants, it has roots. But it has only two leaves and a stem (茎). Its two leaves continue to grow for its whole life. This plant can live as long as 1,500 years, so people call it a living fossil. Can fish fly? Most people would say no. A fish looks like a bird with its large wings. It can jump out of the water and flap (拍打) its wings up to 70 times a second. You can see flying fish all over the world. It flies out of the water to stay away from dangerous animals. Can’t birds fly? Of course, birds can fly except Kiwis. Kiwis are birds, but they can’t fly. Kiwis can be as big as chickens. Like all birds, they lay eggs—big eggs. People call them Kiwis because they make the sound “kee-weee”. Kiwis live in New Zealand and are a national animal of the country. 1.Why is the tree in Africa “laughing”? A. Because its flowers look like a smiling face. B. Because people laugh when they see its strange shape. C. Because the wind blowing through the hole in its fruit makes a sound. D. Because the tree is funny and it makes people laugh. 2.How long can the “living fossil” plant live? A. Up to 70 years. B. As long as 1,500 years. C. As long as a chicken’s life. D. Up to 150 years. 3.When does the flying fish fly out of the water? A. When it wants to take in fresh air. B. When it meets dangerous animals. C. When the water is too dirty. D. When it is hungry. 4.Which of the following sentences about Kiwis is TRUE? A. They get the name because of the sound “kee-weee”. B. They are a national animal of Africa. C. They can’t fly so they aren’t birds. D. They lay small eggs. 5.The writer wrote the passage to ________. A. tell a funny story about animals B. tell readers to protect strange plants and animals C. introduce some interesting facts about plants D. explain the scientific reasons behind natural facts 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. B　4. A　5. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了四种奇特的动植物——会“笑”的树、被称为“活化石”的植物、会飞的鱼以及不会飞的几维鸟，向读者展示了自然界中令人惊奇的有趣事实。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“This is because the fruit of this tree has a hole (洞) in it. As the wind blows, this amazing tree ‘laughs’.”可知，非洲的树“笑”是因为风穿过果实上的洞发出了声音。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“This plant can live as long as 1,500 years, so people call it a living fossil.”可知，“活化石”植物能活1500年。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“It flies out of the water to stay away from dangerous animals.”可知，飞鱼在遇到危险动物时会跳出水面。故选B。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“People call them Kiwis because they make the sound ‘kee-weee’.”可知，几维鸟的名字源于它们的叫声。故选A。 (5)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章通过四个部分分别介绍了会“笑”的树、被称为“活化石”的植物、会飞的鱼和不会飞的几维鸟，都是在解释自然界中这些动植物有趣现象背后的原因，旨在向读者介绍关于自然事实的科学原理。故选D。 主题语境03 人与自我-个人情况 （25-26八上·云南昆明第十中学教育集团·期中）Today, there are still many people who don’t really know what a home organizer (收纳师) does. Many people think that home organizers just tell people they have too many things and throw them away. But that’s really not how we work. Here’s what great home organizers really do. We don’t judge (评判) your room. Instead, we try to make it better. We know life can be busy, and that’s why rooms get untidy. That’s okay! We come to help, not to make you feel bad. Besides, we also teach you how to keep things tidy because we believe everyone can have a tidy home. Sometimes, you don’t need all the things you own. We can help you decide what to keep and what to throw away. Most importantly, we see your home as a whole unit. We understand all of your needs and reorganize every part of your home to make your home a better place. So how do you know when hiring (雇佣) a home organizer is right for you? If your home makes you feel worried, angry, or tired, you should call us. Maybe you don’t need to hire a home organizer right now, but it’s good to know what we could do to help when you’re ready. We’ve helped many people, and most of them wish they had called us earlier. For the first time in a long time, they can breathe (呼吸) easily at home. 1.What do great home organizers do? ①Judge people’s rooms ②Teach people how to keep things tidy ③Help people to buy new things ④See people’s homes as a whole unit A. ①② B. ②③ C. ③④ D. ②④ 2.Why do many people’s rooms get untidy? A. Because they are poor. B. Because life can be busy. C. Because they like untidy rooms. D. Because they throw away many things 3.When should people call the home organizers? A. When they have no time to watch TV. B. When they can breathe easily at home. C. When their home makes them feel happy. D. When their home makes them feel worried, angry or tired. 4.Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. Home organizers only help rich people. B. Most people don’t like home organizers. C. People usually call home organizers very early. D. Home organizers can make people feel relaxed at home. 5.In which part of a newspaper can you probably read the text? A. Home. B. School. C. Sport. D. Travel. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. D　4. D　5. A 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了收纳师真正的工作内容，还说明了何时适合雇用收纳师以及收纳师能带来的好处。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Besides, we also teach you how to keep things tidy”可知，收纳师会教人们如何保持物品整洁，②正确；根据第四段“Most importantly, we see your home as a whole unit.”可知，收纳师把人们的家看作一个整体单元，④正确。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“We know life can be busy, and that’s why rooms get untidy.”可知，因为生活可能很忙碌，所以很多人的房间会变得不整洁。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“If your home makes you feel worried, angry, or tired, you should call us.”可知，当家让人们感到担心、生气或疲惫时，人们应该打电话给收纳师。故选D。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“We’ve helped many people, and most of them wish they had called us earlier. For the first time in a long time, they can breathe easily at home.”可知，整理房间之后，他们感到在家可以轻松呼吸，可推知收纳师能让人们在家感到放松。故选D。 (5)题解析： 推理判断题。本文主要围绕收纳师以及收纳师能为家带来的改变等内容展开，与家相关，所以可能在报纸的“Home”部分读到这篇文章。故选A。 主题语境04 人与自然-动物与植物 （25-26八上·云南昆明第三中学·期中） Most polar bears could disappear by the end of the century because of global (全球) warming, scientists say. According to a study in Nature Climate Change, the number of polar bears will fall quickly by 2080. One of the reasons is that the sea ice is melting (融化). Polar bears catch seals (海豹) to eat on the ice. Without ice, they have to stay on land. But there is not enough food on land to support so many polar bears. The animals could die from hunger. The other reason is that mother polar bears may not be fat enough to provide milk for their babies, so some bears stop having babies. Polar bears are the largest land animals that eat meat on the planet. They help control other kinds of animals. Losing them would break the balance (平衡) of their living place. The Arctic Ocean (北冰洋) is the home of about 25,000 polar bears. Arctic sea ice usually melts in spring and summer, and then grows in winter. But now, the ice is taking longer to grow back. Scientists say the Arctic is warming twice as fast as the rest of the planet. The study also shows that it is possible to slow Arctic ice melting. Greenhouse gas (温室气体) could lead to climate change. In order to stop creating greenhouse gas, the world should try to give up burning coal (煤炭) and riding in cars. Saving the bears is meaningful to us. Holland, one of the writers of the study, says, “I believe there is hope, but humans need to act quickly to make that hope come true.” Let’s take action to save polar bears. 1.In which section on a magazine can you read the passage? A. Pleasant landscape and views. B. Wonderful culture and tradition. C. Ancient history and stories. D. Amazing animals and plants. 2.How many reasons are mentioned to show why polar bears are in danger? A. One. B. Two. C. Three. D. Four. 3.Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. All the polar bears will die out by the end of this century. B. Polar bears can’t get any food at all when they have to stay on land. C. Mother polar bears feed their babies with fat and milk. D. Polar bears are also the important part of the balance in their living place like other animals. 4.From the passage, how does Nature Climate Change influence (影响) the ice melting? A. It makes Arctic sea ice take more time to grow back to ice in winter. B. It makes Arctic sea ice stop growing back in winter. C. It makes Arctic sea ice keep melting both in spring and winter. D. It makes Arctic sea get warm twice faster than the rest of the planet. 5.What is the main purpose of writing this passage? A. To make people like polar bears. B. To show the importance of ice. C. To ask people to protect polar bears. D. To explain Nature Climate Change. 【答案】1. D　2. B　3. D　4. A　5. C 【解析】【导语】 本文主要介绍了由于全球变暖，北极熊面临生存危机，分析了其濒危的原因，并呼吁人们采取行动保护北极熊。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。文章围绕北极熊展开，属于动物类内容。根据选项可知，“Amazing animals and plants”板块符合。故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“One of the reasons... The other reason...”，可知提到了两个原因。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“Polar bears...help control other kinds of animals. Losing them would break the balance (平衡) of their living place.”可知，北极熊是其生存环境平衡的重要部分，和其他动物一样。故选D。 (4)题解析： 细节理解题。根据“But now, the ice is taking longer to grow back.”可知，北极海冰在冬天重新结冰的时间变长。故选A。 (5)题解析： 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Let’s take action to save polar bears.”可知，文章目的是呼吁人们保护北极熊。故选C。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $