专题03 阅读理解（记叙文）（期中真题汇编，浙江专用）高二英语上学期

**基本信息** 该试卷为高二上学期期中阅读理解（记叙文）专题汇编，精选浙江多校期中试题，涵盖“人与社会”“人与自我”“人与自然”主题，以科学家事迹、社会服务、个人成长等真实情境为素材，考查语言理解与思维能力。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |阅读理解选择题|每篇4题|细节理解（如Jane Goodall工具使用发现）、推理判断（如Katherine Johnson贡献推断）、主旨大意（如Maria求学经历启示）、人物性格分析（如Tu Youyou谦逊品质）|真实情境（科学家事迹、社会服务案例）、梯度设问（从基础信息到深层推理）、文化渗透（中外杰出人物与环保理念）|

专题03 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·浙江宁波鄞州中学·期中）Jane Goodall, a renowned British primatologist (灵长类动物学家), revolutionized our understanding of chimpanzees and their behavior through her groundbreaking work in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania. Her journey began in 1960 when she arrived in Gombe, initially feeling like an outsider among the chimpanzees. However, her persistence paid off when she encountered David Greybeard, a chimpanzee who trusted her and led her to a fact that no one had ever discovered — chimpanzees were capable of making and using tools. This finding challenged the common belief that only humans possessed rational thought and tool-making abilities. Goodall’s lack of formal university training initially worked in her favor, as her unprejudiced perspective allowed her to observe chimpanzees with fresh eyes. Goodall’s observations revealed the complex social structures and emotional lives of chimpanzees, particularly through her relationship with Flo, a mother chimpanzee, and her family. Flo’s nurturing (养育的) behavior mirrored that of human mothers, deepening Goodall’s understanding of the similarities between humans and chimpanzees. Goodall’s work extended beyond research. She witnessed the darker side of chimpanzee behavior during the “Four Year War,” a violent conflict between rival chimpanzee groups. This experience led her to reflect on the deep-seated aggression in human nature, inherited from our primate ancestors. In 1977, she founded the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI) to support conservation efforts and community development programs, including Roots and Shoots, which empowers young people to engage in environmental protection. Her legacy is not only in her scientific contributions but also in her tireless efforts to inspire future generations to care for the planet and its inhabitants. Jane Goodall’s life and work remind us of the profound connections between humans and the natural world. 1.What was Jane Goodall’s groundbreaking discovery about chimpanzees? A. They could think rationally and make tools. B. They could communicate using sign language. C. They had profound connections with humans and nature. D. They could recognize themselves in mirrors. 2.What was the significance of Flo in Jane Goodall's research? A. Flo was the first chimpanzee to trust Jane Goodall. B. Flo was the mother of a chimpanzee community. C. Flo demonstrated the emotional and social complexity of chimpanzees. D. Flo encouraged Goodall to observe chimpanzees from an unprejudiced perspective. 3.What’s the purpose of showing the example of the “Four Year War”? A. Goodall’s ability to remain objective and record conflicts scientifically. B. The common aggressive nature shared by humans and chimpanzees. C. The necessity of establishing wildlife reserves for chimpanzees. D. The direct impact of human activities on chimpanzee habitats. 4.Which of the following can best describe Jane Goodall? A. Persistent and devoted. B. Competitive and creative. C. Flexible and sociable. D. Loyal and modest. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. B　4. A 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇人物传记类记叙文。文章主要讲述了英国著名灵长类动物学家珍·古道尔在坦桑尼亚贡贝溪国家公园的研究工作、重要发现及她对保护自然和激励后代的贡献。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“However, her persistence paid off when she encountered David Greybeard, a chimpanzee who trusted her and led her to a fact that no one had ever discovered — chimpanzees were capable of making and using tools. This finding challenged the common belief that only humans possessed rational thought and tool-making abilities.(然而，她的坚持得到了回报，她遇到了一只信任她的黑猩猩大卫·格雷比尔德，这只黑猩猩让她发现了一个从未有人发现的事实——黑猩猩能够制造和使用工具。这一发现挑战了人们普遍认为只有人类才具有理性思维和制造工具能力的观点)”可知，珍·古道尔关于黑猩猩的开创性发现是它们能够进行理性思考并制造工具。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Goodall’s observations revealed the complex social structures and emotional lives of chimpanzees, particularly through her relationship with Flo, a mother chimpanzee, and her family. Flo’s nurturing (养育的) behavior mirrored that of human mothers, deepening Goodall’s understanding of the similarities between humans and chimpanzees.(古道尔的观察揭示了黑猩猩复杂的社会结构和情感生活，特别是通过她与一只母黑猩猩弗洛及其家人的关系。弗洛的养育行为反映了人类母亲的行为，加深了古道尔对人类和黑猩猩之间相似性的理解)”可知，弗洛在珍·古道尔的研究中的意义在于它展示了黑猩猩的情感和社会复杂性。故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段中“She witnessed the darker side of chimpanzee behavior during the “Four Year War,” a violent conflict between rival chimpanzee groups. This experience led her to reflect on the deep-seated aggression in human nature, inherited from our primate ancestors.(在“四年战争”期间，她目睹了黑猩猩行为的阴暗面，这是敌对黑猩猩群体之间的一场暴力冲突。这段经历让她反思人类本性中根深蒂固的攻击性，这种攻击性是从我们的灵长类祖先那里继承下来的)”可知，展示“四年战争”这个例子的目的是说明人类和黑猩猩共有的攻击性天性。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段中“Her journey began in 1960 when she arrived in Gombe, initially feeling like an outsider among the chimpanzees. However, her persistence paid off when she encountered David Greybeard, a chimpanzee who trusted her and led her to a fact that no one had ever discovered — chimpanzees were capable of making and using tools.(她的研究之旅始于1960年，当时她来到贡贝，一开始觉得自己在黑猩猩中是个局外人。然而，当她遇到一只信任她的黑猩猩大卫·格雷比尔德时，她的坚持得到了回报，这只黑猩猩让她发现了一个从未有人发现的事实——黑猩猩能够制造和使用工具)”可知，珍·古道尔在研究过程中面对困难不轻易放弃，坚持不懈地开展工作；再根据第三段中“Her legacy is not only in her scientific contributions but also in her tireless efforts to inspire future generations to care for the planet and its inhabitants.(她的遗产不仅在于她的科学贡献，还在于她不懈地激励后代关心地球及其居民)”可知，珍·古道尔一生都致力于灵长类动物研究以及保护自然、激励后代等工作。综合以上内容可以推断出珍·古道尔是坚持不懈且专注投入的。故选A。 主题语境02 人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 （25-26高二上·浙江9+1联盟-11月·期中）As 18,000 hockey fans crowded into Climate Pledge Arena for the Seattle Kraken’s first home game, Brian Hamilton, the assistant equipment manager for the visiting Vancouver Canucks, laid out the team’s hockey sticks, masks and bottled water. As he did so, he didn’t notice the woman, Nadia Popovici, who sat directly behind him. Nor did she pay much attention to him. That would change soon. Halfway through the action, Popovici’s eyes locked onto something peculiar on the man. Through the glass, she spotted an odd-looking mole (痣) on the back of Hamilton’s neck, reddish with an irregular border. She had seen plenty like it as a hospital volunteer and soon-to-be medical student. It was a melanoma (黑素瘤). “It’s so uncomfortable to have something on your body pointed out,” she told the Seattle Times. But she knew she had to say something. As Hamilton walked near the ice between periods, Popovici, in Kraken gear, knocked hard on the glass, typed a message on her phone and held the screen high enough: “The mole on the back of your neck looks like cancerous. Go see a doctor!” Hamilton glanced at the brightly-lit message for only a second. That’s weird, he thought. Walking away, he uneasily rubbed the back of his neck. A few days later, he visited the Canucks’ doctor, who agreed that the mole looked alarming and ordered a biopsy (活组织检查). It came back positive — a stage-Ⅱ malignant melanoma, life-threatening if left unattended. Hamilton had the cancerous mole removed, and the surgery was excellent. “She took me out of a slow fire,” says Hamilton. “The words out of the doctor’s mouth were if I ignored that for four to five years, I wouldn’t be here.” The two connected at the next Canucks-Kraken game, where Hamilton was able to thank her in person. No thanks were necessary, Popovici said. “It was just one moment in our lives where we crossed paths at the right time.” 1.What made Popovici decide to tell Hamilton about the spot on his neck? A. Medical knowledge. B. Personal relationship. C. Overheard comments. D. Professional responsibility. 2.How did Popovici communicate her concern to Hamilton during the game? A. By shouting aloud from a distance. B. By asking a doctor for help. C. By showing him the message on the phone. D. By writing a note behind the glass. 3.How did Hamilton feel when saying “She took me out of a slow fire”? A. Terrified. B. Annoyed. C. Surprised. D. Grateful. 4.What message does the story convey? A. Silence is golden. B. Prepare for a rainy day. C. Opportunity knocks but once. D. Help is a voice, not just a feeling. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. D　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了准医学生提醒他人，使其及时切除恶性黑素瘤的故事。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段中“She had seen plenty like it as a hospital volunteer and soon-to-be medical student. It was a melanoma (黑素瘤).(作为一名医院志愿者，同时也是即将入学的医学生，她见过很多这样的痣。那是一颗黑素瘤)”可知，Popovici凭借医院志愿者经历和准医学生的医学知识，判断出Hamilton脖子上的痣是黑素瘤，进而决定告知他。故选A。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“As Hamilton walked near the ice between periods, Popovici, in Kraken gear, knocked hard on the glass, typed a message on her phone and held the screen high enough: “The mole on the back of your neck looks like cancerous. Go see a doctor!”(比赛间隙，Hamilton走到冰面附近时，身着克拉肯队队服的Popovici用力敲了敲玻璃，在手机上打出一条信息，将屏幕举得足够高，上面写着：“你脖子后面的那颗痣看起来像恶性的，快去看医生！”)”可知，比赛期间Popovici通过在手机上打字并展示屏幕的方式，向Hamilton传达了担忧。故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““She took me out of a slow fire,” says Hamilton. “The words out of the doctor’s mouth were if I ignored that for four to five years, I wouldn’t be here.”(Hamilton说：“她把我从慢火煎熬中救了出来。医生说，要是我忽视它四五年，现在就不会在这儿了。”)”可知，Hamilton知道若忽视这个痣可能危及生命，而Popovici的提醒救了他，所以他说“She took me out of a slow fire”是为了体现了他的感激之情。故选D。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。 根据全文内容可知，文章主要讲述了Popovici在观看冰球比赛时，注意到Hamilton脖子上的痣可能是黑素瘤，于是她通过手机信息提醒他去看医生，最终Hamilton及时接受了治疗并康复。这个故事传达了“帮助是一种声音，而不仅仅是一种感觉”的信息，即在关键时刻，及时的提醒和帮助可以挽救生命。故选D。 主题语境03 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高二上·浙江杭州外国语学校·期中）A few years ago, a chance encounter with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) excited my deep interest in this ancient culture. Greatly fascinated, I decided to pursue a systematic study. I applied to Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, and I was overjoyed the day I received my admission letter. At the beginning, the ancient Chinese classics and complex processes of herb collection, identification and combination were quite challenging to me. Fortunately, I had the patient guidance of professors and the enthusiastic help of classmates to rely on. I remember when I first started learning acupuncture (针灸), I was often too hesitant to actually use the needles. To encourage me, my senior classmates generously acted as patients, braving the discomfort to let me practice acupuncture techniques on their bodies. With their support and motivation, my acupuncture skills steadily improved, and my studies quickly got on track. During my learning journey, the most memorable experience was my internship (实习) at the Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. There, I had the opportunity to participate directly in patient care. I looked forward to every Saturday afternoon when I could shadow my teacher. After each patient consultation, she would give me a detailed explanation: what the patient’s pulse (脉搏) indicated, what it represented in terms of their conditions, and the role of each herb in the prescription (处方). This approach helped shape my diagnostic thinking and was incredibly beneficial to me. Even though this meant she could never leave work on time, she never complained. As an ancient Chinese saying goes, “It’s easier to get a teacher of classics than a teacher of character.” My every day in China has been filled with challenges and surprises. TCM has taught me not just the skills to heal and save lives but how to view life. I have come to understand that the power of culture lies more in its ability to connect hearts than in its uniqueness. People from different cultural backgrounds can actually form strong connections. 1.Which of the following did the author find difficult when starting studying TCM? A. How to collect ancient Chinese classics. B. How to combine different herbs properly. C. How to communicate effectively with professors. D. How to understand the ancient Chinese philosophy. 2.Why does the author mention the experience of learning acupuncture? A. To show the complexity of acupuncture. B. To introduce the procedures of studying TCM. C. To illustrate the supportive learning environment. D. To stress the dangers of improper acupuncture techniques. 3.What does the author mean by the saying in paragraph 4? A. His TCM teacher is highly professional. B. His TCM teacher is selfless and devoted. C. His TCM teacher is strict and demanding. D. His TCM teacher is easy to get along with. 4.What does the author learn from the experience of studying TCM? A. Life is precious. B. Hard work pays off. C. Uniqueness unites, not divides. D. Culture is a bridge, not a wall. 【答案】1. B　2. C　3. B　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要描述了作者在学习传统中医(TCM)的过程中的感悟和经验。作者通过叙述自己在学习传统中医过程中的困难、成长和启发，表达了对中医文化的深厚兴趣以及所学到的生活智慧。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“I remember when I first started learning acupuncture (针灸), I was often too hesitant to actually use the needles. To encourage me, my senior classmates generously acted as patients, braving the discomfort to let me practice acupuncture techniques on their bodies. With their support and motivation, my acupuncture skills steadily improved, and my studies quickly got on track. (一开始，中国古代的经典和复杂的草药采集、鉴定和搭配过程对我来说是相当具有挑战性的)”可知，作者在刚开始学习中医时，觉得草药的采集、鉴定和搭配的复杂过程很有挑战性。故选B。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段“Fortunately, I had the patient guidance of professors and the enthusiastic help of classmates to rely on. (我记得当我刚开始学习针灸的时候，我常常太犹豫了，不敢实际使用针灸。为了鼓励我，我的高年级同学慷慨地充当病人，冒着不适让我在他们身上练习针灸技术。在他们的支持和激励下，我的针灸技术稳步提高，我的学业也很快步入正轨)”可知，作者提到刚开始学习针灸时遇到的困难。为了鼓励他，学长们自愿成为“病人”，忍受不适让他练习针灸。这段经历的目的是展示学长们的支持，以及学习过程中友好和互助的环境。故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段“After each patient consultation, she would give me a detailed explanation: what the patient’s pulse (脉搏) indicated, what it represented in terms of their conditions, and the role of each herb in the prescription (处方). This approach helped shape my diagnostic thinking and was incredibly beneficial to me. Even though this meant she could never leave work on time, she never complained. (每次问诊结束后，她都会向我详细解释：病人的脉象说明了什么，从病情角度如何解读，以及处方中每一味中药的作用。这种带教方式塑造了我的诊断思维，让我获益匪浅。尽管这意味着她从未准时下过班，但她从不抱怨)”可知，老师详细解释病例以及从未抱怨加班等可推断，作者想表达的是这位中医老师非常无私和奉献，愿意花时间耐心指导学生。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“TCM has taught me not just the skills to heal and save lives but how to view life. I have come to understand that the power of culture lies more in its ability to connect hearts than in its uniqueness. People from different cultural backgrounds can actually form strong connections. (中医不仅教会了我治疗和拯救生命的技巧，还教会了我如何看待生命。我开始明白，文化的力量更多地在于它连接心灵的能力，而不是它的独特性。来自不同文化背景的人实际上可以形成牢固的联系)”可知，中医教会了作者如何看待生命，并意识到文化的力量不仅仅体现在它的独特性上，更体现在它能够连接人心。这句话表明，文化是一座桥梁，而不是隔阂。故选D。 主题语境04 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高二上·浙江杭州学军中学·期中）For many pop idol fans, having the opportunity to participate in a music video for their favorite pop songs might be a dream come true. I, I had taken lessons at a Chinese-owned dance studio, and they began to hold auditions (试镜) for a special project—filming a music video! Those who passed the auditions would rehearse (排练) a well-designed dance and be filmed by a professional camera crew. I really like the song they chose—Kill This Love by Blackpink, a girl group from South Korea, so I auditioned. I was confident at first in the audition, but as I felt more pressure, I forgot a few moves. This definitely hurt my chances, so I became very on edge about the results. Additionally, because Blackpink is a four-member group, the studio was only looking for four people, and over 20 people had auditioned. I was very unsure if my performance would be good enough for a callback. Two weeks later when I had just about given up on hearing back, I got a text from the studio manager, saying, “Congratulations! You have passed the audition for Kill This Love.” I could barely contain my excitement, but wanting to seem mature, I replied to her in a calm and collected manner. We were scheduled for five rehearsals in total, and the filming date was set for the middle of April. What really stirred up my excitement was knowing that we would be filmed in public. I would also be dancing the part of Rose, my favorite Blackpink member. Our first rehearsal was on a Wednesday. The studio had rented the basement of a theater. There were, of course, difficulties. The dance routine included formations, so we had to learn the positions and transitions—things that we did not usually learn in our regular dance lessons. But it was just the four of us, and our teacher had enough time to work with each of us individually. I have been practicing hard for my dream. I hope everything goes well, and I look forward to the upcoming performance! 1.How did I feel about the results after forgetting a few moves? A. Confident. B. Ambitious. C. Confused. D. Nervous. 2.Why did I reply to the manager calmly when I got the exciting text? A. Because I intended to present a mature image to her. B. Because I was trained well enough to contain my feelings. C. Because I knew that I was good enough for such a callback. D. Because I had known the result before she informed me of it. 3.What was my first rehearsal in the basement like? A. Confusing but practical. B. Challenging but helpful. C. Difficult but entertaining. D. Regular but rewarding. 4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To express the burning passion for Blackpink. B. To show the difficulty in attending an audition. C. To share a personal experience in pursuit of a dream. D. To convey the excitement of engaging in a rehearsal. 【答案】1. D　2. A　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是作者参与最喜欢的偶像的流行歌曲的MV试镜和排练的经历。 (1)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段的“I was confident at first in the audition, but as I felt more pressure, I forgot a few moves. This definitely hurt my chances, so I became very on edge about the results.(一开始试镜时我很自信，但随着压力的增加，我忘记了一些动作。这无疑损害了我的机会，所以我对结果非常紧张。)”可知，在忘记了一些动作后，作者对结果感到紧张，故选D。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段的“I could barely contain my excitement, but wanting to seem mature, I replied to her in a calm and collected manner.(我几乎无法抑制自己的激动，但为了显得成熟，我平静而镇定地回答了她。)”可知，当作者收到这条激动人心的短信时，作者平静地回复了经理，因为作者想给经理一个成熟的形象。故选A。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的“There were, of course, difficulties. The dance routine included formations, so we had to learn the positions and transitions—things that we did not usually learn in our regular dance lessons. But it was just the four of us, and our teacher had enough time to work with each of us individually.(当然，也有困难。舞蹈套路包括阵型，所以我们必须学习姿势和转换——这些都是我们平时在舞蹈课上没有学过的。但是只有我们四个人，我们的老师有足够的时间和我们每个人单独学习。)”可知，作者在地下室的第一次排练具有挑战性但有帮助。故选B。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的“For many pop idol fans, having the opportunity to participate in a music video for their favorite pop songs might be a dream come true.(对于许多流行偶像的粉丝来说，有机会参与他们最喜欢的流行歌曲的MV可能是梦想成真。)”和最后一段的“I have been practicing hard for my dream. I hope everything goes well, and I look forward to the upcoming performance!(我一直在努力练习我的梦想。希望一切顺利，期待即将到来的演出！)”可知，本文主要讲的是作者参与最喜欢的偶像的流行歌曲的MV试镜和排练的经历，因此目的是分享个人追求梦想的经历。故选C。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·浙江台金七校联考·期中）The world said farewell to a true pioneer with the passing of Dr. Jane Goodall in 2025. Her journey, from a self-funded young woman with a dream to a globally influential figure, not only demonstrates the power of passion and perseverance, but also inspires generations to pursue change with empathy and courage. With no formal scientific training, Goodall began her work in the forests of Gombe, Tanzania. Her approach — associating so closely with the animals she studied, naming them and even referring to them as “my friends” — was then considered unorthodox by many in the scientific community. Despite facing doubt, her patience was rewarded with a series of discoveries that astonished the world. In 1960, she witnessed chimpanzees eating bushpigs, overturning the long-held belief that they were strict vegetarians. That same year, she saw chimps digging termites(白蚁) out of a hill with a stick, which forced experts to abandon the assumption that tool use was a uniquely human skill. Later, she documented not only acts of aggression — intergroup warfare and even cannibalism(同类相食) — but also gestures of affection such as play, grief and care. Sometimes, they even accepted her as one of their own. As her understanding of chimpanzees grew, so did her sense of responsibility. Driven by the growing threats to chimpanzees and their habitats, Goodall transitioned from a quiet observer to a tireless global advocate. She founded the Jane Goodall Institute and launched the “Roots & Shoots” program, which has since empowered millions of young people worldwide to engage in environmental projects. “What you do makes a difference, and you have to decide what kind of difference you want to make,” she often stated, emphasizing individual responsibility. Goodall’s legacy is not merely in her discoveries, but in her unbeatable spirit. She showed that profound change begins with a single, determined individual. Her life stands as a lasting proof of the idea that curiosity, when paired with action, can reshape our world. 1.What does the underlined word “unorthodox” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Unconventional. B. Efficient. C. Authoritative. D. Outdated. 2.What major breakthrough did Goodall make about chimpanzees in 1960? A. They maintain a pure vegetarian diet. B. They often engage in community violence. C. They could use objects as tools to obtain food. D. They were as intelligent as humans in employing tools. 3.What can be inferred about Jane Goodall according to paragraph 4? A. She sought global recognition for her environmental projects. B. She believed that collective efforts outweigh individual actions. C. She inspired youngsters to contribute to a more sustainable world. D. She focused mainly on developing observation methods for chimpanzees. 4.Which of the following best describes Jane Goodall? A. Innovative and generous. B. Academic and demanding. C. Committed and transformative. D. Indifferent and pioneering. 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. C　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了简·古道尔博士从一名无正式科学训练的女子成长为全球影响力人物的历程。她以非传统方式研究黑猩猩并取得重大发现，晚年致力于保护黑猩猩和推动环境教育，其精神激励人们以行动改变世界。 (1)题解析： 词句猜测题。根据第二段“Her approach — associating so closely with the animals she studied, naming them and even referring to them as ‘my friends’ — was then considered unorthodox by many in the scientific community.(她的方法——与她研究的动物如此亲密地联系在一起，给它们命名，甚至称它们为‘我的朋友’——在当时被科学界的许多人认为是……。)”以及后文“Despite facing doubt, her patience was rewarded with a series of discoveries that astonished the world.(尽管遭遇了质疑，但她始终保持着耐心，最终收获了一系列令世人惊叹的发现。)”可知，她与所研究的动物建立如此紧密联系、给它们命名甚至称它们为“我的朋友”的这种做法，遭遇了质疑，由此推断在科学界很多人看来这种做法是“不符合常规的”。结合选项可知，unorthodox意思最接近unconventional，意为“非传统的，不合常规的”。故选A项。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“That same year, she saw chimps digging termites (白蚁) out of a hill with a stick, which forced experts to abandon the assumption that tool use was a uniquely human skill.(同年，她看到黑猩猩用棍子从土堆里挖白蚁，这迫使专家们放弃了工具使用是人类独有的技能这一假设。)”可知，1960年古道尔关于黑猩猩的重大突破是发现它们能够使用物体作为工具来获取食物。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段“She founded the Jane Goodall Institute and launched the ‘Roots & Shoots’ program, which has since empowered millions of young people worldwide to engage in environmental projects.(她创立了简·古道尔研究所，并发起了‘Roots & Shoots’项目，该项目自成立以来，已赋予全球数百万年轻人参与环保项目的能力。)”可知，简·古道尔发起的项目让全球数百万年轻人参与到环保项目中，由此可推断出她激励年轻人为一个更可持续的世界做出贡献。故选C项。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第四段“Driven by the growing threats to chimpanzees and their habitats, Goodall transitioned from a quiet observer to a tireless global advocate.(由于黑猩猩及其栖息地面临的威胁日益加剧，古道尔从一位安静的观察者转变为一位不知疲倦的全球倡导者。)”可知，简·古道尔对黑猩猩及其栖息地面临的威胁感到担忧，从观察者转变为全球倡导者，说明她对保护黑猩猩及其栖息地有坚定的承诺；根据最后一段“Goodall’s legacy is not merely in her discoveries, but in her unbeatable spirit. She showed that profound change begins with a single, determined individual. Her life stands as a lasting proof of the idea that curiosity, when paired with action, can reshape our world.(古道尔的遗产不仅仅在于她的发现，还在于她不可战胜的精神。她表明，深刻的变革始于一个坚定的人。她的一生证明了一个观点，即好奇心与行动相结合可以重塑我们的世界。)”可知，她通过自己的行动和倡导，对黑猩猩保护和环境保护产生了深远影响，改变了人们对黑猩猩的认知，也激励了无数人参与到环保行动中，具有变革性。所以，简·古道尔是一个有坚定承诺和变革性的人，C选项“Committed and transformative.(坚定且具有变革性。)”符合题意。故选C项。 Passage 2 （25-26高二上·浙江卓越高中联盟-11月·期中）Katherine Johnson, a hero to American space travel and exploration, was born on Aug. 26, 1918, in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia. Her genius for math and science was evident early and her parents arranged for her and her siblings’ education to be a priority. Katherine graduated from high school at only 14 and attended West Virginia State College, a historically Black college. When West Virginia decided to quietly integrate its graduate schools in 1939, West Virginia State’s president, Dr. John W. Davis, selected her and two men to be the first Black students offered spots at the state’s flagship school, West Virginia University. In 1953, in a time of racial separation, she started a job as a human “computer” with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), which later developed into NASA．She worked in the West Area Computing section at Langley Research Center on a team headed by fellow West Virginian Dorothy Vaughan. This turned into a long-term position and set the course for Katherine’s role in space exploration. In 1960, she and engineer Ted Skopinski coauthored Determination of Azimuth Angle at Burnout for Placing a Satellite Over a Selected Earth Position, a report laying out the equations (方程式) describing an orbital spaceflight in which the landing position of the spacecraft is specified. It was the first time a woman in the Flight Research Division had received credit as an author of a research report. Her expertise was key to John Glenn’s orbit around Earth in 1962, with Glenn putting much of his confidence in Katherine to make the mission a success. As a part of the preflight checklist, Glenn asked engineers to “get the girl” — Johnson — to run the same numbers through the same equations that had been programmed into the computer, but by hand, on her desktop mechanical calculating machine. “If she says they’re good,” Katherine Johnson remembered the astronaut saying, “then I’m ready to go.” 1.What can we learn about Katherine Johnson’s life experience? A. Her parents attached great importance to her education. B. She was the only Black student to enter West Virginia University in 1939. C. She took the lead of the West Area Computing section. D. She joined the NACA organization after NASA had been established. 2.Why does the writer quote (引用) John Glenn’s words in the last paragraph? A. To explain Johnson’s hand calculation (计算) was tough. B. To highlight John Glenn was a strict mission leader. C. To prove Johnson’s hand calculations were reliable. D. To illustrate the computer’s data was not trustworthy. 3.Which of the following can best describe Katherine Johnson? A. Modest and sociable. B. Talented and hardworking. C. Stubborn and ambitious. D. Considerate and cooperative. 4.What is the best title for the text? A. Katherine Johnson: A Lifetime of Educational Pursuits B. The Story of a “Computer”: Katherine Johnson’s Early Life at NASA C. Katherine Johnson: A Pioneering Force in Space Exploration D. Mathematics: The Key to John Glenn’s Historic Space Flight 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了女性航空航天科学家凯瑟琳的职业生涯和相关事迹。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“Her genius for math and science was evident early and her parents arranged for her and her siblings’ education to be a priority.(她从小便展现出在数学和科学方面的天赋，她的父母也高度重视她的教育以及她兄弟姐妹们的教育)”可知，凯瑟琳的父母高度重视她的教育。故选A。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Her expertise was key to John Glenn’s orbit around Earth in 1962, with Glenn putting much of his confidence in Katherine to make the mission a success. As a part of the preflight checklist, Glenn asked engineers to “get the girl” — Johnson — to run the same numbers through the same equations that had been programmed into the computer, but by hand, on her desktop mechanical calculating machine.(她的专业知识对约翰·格伦 1962 年环绕地球飞行起到了关键作用。格伦对凯瑟琳寄予厚望，希望她能确保这次任务取得成功。在飞行前的检查清单中，格伦要求工程师们“找那个女孩”——即约翰逊——让她按照预先输入到计算机中的相同公式和数据，在她手边的机械计算机上进行计算)”可知，在格伦太空飞行之前，他要求凯瑟琳手动复算电脑数据，因此作者在最后一段引用了约翰·格伦的话是为了证明约翰逊的手算是可靠的。故选C。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第一段“Her genius for math and science was evident early and her parents arranged for her and her siblings’ education to be a priority.(她从小便展现出在数学和科学方面的天赋，她的父母也高度重视她的教育以及她兄弟姐妹们的教育)”可知，她是有才能的（talented），根据最后一段“Her expertise was key to John Glenn’s orbit around Earth in 1962, with Glenn putting much of his confidence in Katherine to make the mission a success. As a part of the preflight checklist, Glenn asked engineers to “get the girl” — Johnson — to run the same numbers through the same equations that had been programmed into the computer, but by hand, on her desktop mechanical calculating machine.(她的专业知识对约翰·格伦 1962 年环绕地球飞行起到了关键作用。格伦对凯瑟琳寄予厚望，希望她能确保这次任务取得成功。在飞行前的检查清单中，格伦要求工程师们“请那位女孩来核算”——即约翰逊——让她按照预先输入到计算机中的相同公式和数据，在她手边的机械计算机上进行计算)”可知，她是勤奋的（diligent）。故选B。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第三段“In 1953, in a time of racial separation, she started a job as a human “computer” with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), which later developed into NASA．She worked in the West Area Computing section at Langley Research Center on a team headed by fellow West Virginian Dorothy Vaughan. This turned into a long-term position and set the course for Katherine’s role in space exploration.(1953年，在种族隔离时期，她开始在国家航空咨询委员会（NACA）担任人类 “计算机” 的工作，后来该机构发展成为了NASA。她在兰利研究中心的西部计算部门工作，所在的团队由同样来自西弗吉尼亚州的多萝西·沃恩领导。这份工作成为了一项长期职位，并为凯瑟琳在太空探索中的角色奠定了基础)”可知，文章主要介绍了女性航空航天科学家凯瑟琳的职业生涯和相关事迹，C选项“凯瑟琳·约翰逊：太空探索领域的先锋力量”可作为最好的题目，故选C。 Passage 3 （25-26高二上·浙江环大罗山·期中）On April 30, 2025, the U. S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS) announced its new members, including Chinese pharmacologist Tu Youyou, who was elected a foreign associate member. This election powerfully recognizes Tu’s lifelong contributions — especially her groundbreaking discovery of artemisinin, a malaria-fighting wonder drug that has saved millions of lives. Tu Youyou was born in Ningbo in 1930. At 16, her battle with tuberculosis (肺结核) inspired her mission to relieve human suffering through science, leading her to Peking University in 1951, where her strict academic training laid the groundwork for her future work at the intersection (交叉) of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and modern science. After graduation, she conducted vital research on herbal medicines, clarifying long-standing confusion over plant species. In 1969, Tu led a team to comb through 2,000 ancient TCM texts and folk cures. A 4th-century text eventually inspired a key idea: extracting Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood) with ether (乙醚) could preserve its active part. After 190 failed experiments, success came. By 1972, her team had extracted pure artemisinin, proved safety on themselves, and confirmed its effectiveness. Artemisinin has revolutionized malaria treatment, reducing incidence by 37% and death rate by 60% between 2000 and 2015, saving an estimated 5.9 million children’s lives (WHO, 2015). This achievement earned Tu the 2011 Lasker Award and, in 2015, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine — the first Nobel in a scientific field for a Chinese scientist and a landmark for TCM’s global recognition. She later received China’s Highest National Science and Technology Award (2016) and was named among Time’s 100 Most Influential Women (2020). Nevertheless, Tu remains humble, emphasizing that artemisinin is “a gift from TCM and the collective effort of her team.” At 94, she rises at dawn to monitor resistance trials, records every data point by hand, and personally replies to rural doctors seeking advice. Her humility, resilience, and quiet dedication continue to inspire scientists worldwide. 1.What motivated Tu Youyou’s career in medical science? A. Reading a 4th-century text on herbal medicine. B. Fighting against a serious disease at age 16. C. Studying at Peking University in 1951. D. Witnessing the deadly impact of malaria. 2.What key step finally led to the success of her study? A. Heating Artemisia annua in boiling water for hours. B. Switching from water to ether as the extracting liquid. C. Testing the 190th sample on laboratory animals. D. Consulting Western pharmacology textbooks. 3.The last paragraph best reveals that Tu is ________. A. talented B. ambitious C. cautious D. modest 4.What does the passage mainly convey? A. Breakthroughs result from commitment and persistence. B. Individual genius weighs more than teamwork in fighting disease. C. Global recognition turns local herbs into widespread cures. D. Future study focuses on developing modern drugs from herbal sources. 【答案】1. B　2. B　3. D　4. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇记叙文，介绍中国药学家屠呦呦于2025年4月30日当选为美国国家科学院外籍院士，重点阐述了她的从医动机、发现青蒿素的关键过程、青蒿素带来的巨大医学贡献及所获荣誉，最后凸显了她谦逊、坚韧和专注的品格。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“At 16, her battle with tuberculosis (肺结核) inspired her mission to relieve human suffering through science, leading her to Peking University in 1951, where her strict academic training laid the groundwork for her future work at the intersection (交叉) of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and modern science. (16岁时，她与肺结核的斗争激励她肩负起通过科学减轻人类痛苦的使命，这使她于1951年进入北京大学，在那里接受的严格学术训练为她日后从事中医药与现代科学交叉领域的工作奠定了基础)”可知，屠呦呦16岁时与严重疾病的斗争促使她投身医学事业。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“In 1969, Tu led a team to comb through 2,000 ancient TCM texts and folk cures. A 4th-century text eventually inspired a key idea: extracting Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood) with ether (乙醚) could preserve its active part. After 190 failed experiments, success came. (1969年，屠呦呦带领团队梳理了2000部古代中医药文献和民间偏方。一部4世纪的文献最终带来了关键灵感：用乙醚提取青蒿可以保留其活性成分。经过190次失败的实验后，他们终于取得了成功)”可知，将提取液从水改为乙醚这一关键步骤促成了研究成功。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Nevertheless, Tu remains humble, emphasizing that artemisinin is “a gift from TCM and the collective effort of her team.” At 94, she rises at dawn to monitor resistance trials, records every data point by hand, and personally replies to rural doctors seeking advice. Her humility, resilience, and quiet dedication continue to inspire scientists worldwide. (尽管如此，屠呦呦依然保持谦逊，她强调青蒿素是“中医药的馈赠，是团队集体努力的成果”。94岁高龄的她黎明即起，监测耐药性试验，亲手记录每一个数据点，并亲自回复寻求建议的乡村医生。她的谦逊、坚韧和默默奉献持续激励着全球科学家)”可知，最后一段重点体现了屠呦呦的谦逊。故选D。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文，结合第二段中“At 16, her battle with tuberculosis (肺结核) inspired her mission to relieve human suffering through science, leading her to Peking University in 1951, where her strict academic training laid the groundwork for her future work at the intersection (交叉) of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and modern science.(16岁时，她与肺结核的斗争激发了她通过科学减轻人类痛苦的使命，1951年她进入北京大学，在那里严格的学术训练为她未来在中西医交叉领域的工作奠定了基础)”和第三段中“After 190 failed experiments, success came. By 1972, her team had extracted pure artemisinin, proved safety on themselves, and confirmed its effectiveness.(经过190次失败的实验后，终于成功了。到1972年，她的团队已经提取出纯青蒿素，并在自己身上证明了其安全性，并确认了其有效性)”可知，文章主要讲述了屠呦呦通过不懈努力和坚持，最终发现了青蒿素，为人类健康做出了巨大贡献，故本文主要传达了突破源于承诺和坚持。故选A项。 Passage 4 （25-26高二上·浙江合作组织-11月·期中）Maria Rodriguez, our school cafeteria server for ten years, always greeted us with a warm smile while preparing meals. One Monday, however, I noticed her quietly wiping tears in the corner of the staff room. My first thought was that she might be facing personal hardships — until I saw her gently holding a framed certificate and whispering, “I did it...finally.” Her tears, I soon realized, were of overwhelming pride. At 42, Maria had just earned her high school diploma (文凭). Struggling with hearing loss since childhood, Maria dropped out at 15 to support her sick parents. She worked multiple low-income jobs until securing stable work in our school cafeteria. Last year, when the school introduced a new digital ordering system, Maria’s supervisor gently explained that operating it required basic computer literacy — which in turn required a high school credential. “We’ll keep your position,” he said, “but to continue long-term, you’ll need to complete your diploma within two years.” Maria enrolled in night classes at a local adult education center. Balancing her cafeteria shifts, parenting two teenagers, and studying meant surviving on 4-5 hours of sleep nightly. She tracked her progress uniquely: every passed practice test earned a gold star on her kitchen calendar. “Those stars shouted ‘Keep going!’ on exhausting days,” she laughed. Her biology teacher remarked, “Maria often stayed after class to review materials — her determination was extraordinary.” When Maria received her diploma last month, she called it “a key opening doors I thought were sealed forever.” But for her graduation isn’t an endpoint — it’s a launchpad. She’s now enrolled in online business courses. “My next goal is to manage a food-service team,” she declared. “This is just the beginning.” 1.Why was Maria crying in the staff room? A. She felt exhausted from overwork. B. She recalled her family difficulties. C. She had achieved an important milestone. D. Her supervisor criticized her performance. 2.How did Maria motivate herself during tough times? A. By focusing on small symbols of progress. B. By reducing her workload significantly. C. By seeking financial support from the school. D. By prioritizing sleep over studying. 3.What does Maria mean by calling her diploma “a key opening doors I thought were sealed forever”? A. The diploma has brought her immediate wealth. B. The diploma has allowed her to unlock physical doors in the school. C. The diploma has opened up new opportunities she once thought were impossible. D. The diploma has made her lose some important relationships. 4.Which of the following best describes Maria’s character? A. Brave and determined. B. Timid and easily discouraged. C. Careful and responsible. D. Persistent and ambitious. 【答案】1. C　2. A　3. C　4. D 【解析】【导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了学校食堂工作人员Maria克服困难取得高中文凭并追求新目标的故事。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Maria Rodriguez, our school cafeteria server for ten years, always greeted us with a warm smile while preparing meals. One Monday, however, I noticed her quietly wiping tears in the corner of the staff room. My first thought was that she might be facing personal hardships — until I saw her gently holding a framed certificate and whispering, “I did it...finally.” Her tears, I soon realized, were of overwhelming pride. At 42, Maria had just earned her high school diploma (文凭).(Maria Rodriguez在我们学校食堂工作了十年，她在准备餐食时，总是带着温暖的笑容向我们打招呼。然而，有一个星期一，我注意到她在员工休息室的角落里默默地擦拭眼泪。我的第一反应是她可能正面临着个人困境——直到我看到她轻轻地捧着一张装裱好的证书，轻声自语道：“我做到了……终于做到了。”很快我就意识到，她的眼泪是因无比自豪而流下的。42岁的Maria刚刚拿到了她的高中文凭。)”可知，Maria在员工休息室哭泣是因为她取得了一个重要的里程碑（获得高中文凭）。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段中“She tracked her progress uniquely: every passed practice test earned a gold star on her kitchen calendar. “Those stars shouted ‘Keep going!’ on exhausting days,” she laughed.(她以独特的方式追踪自己的进展：每次通过模拟考试，她的厨房日历上就会有一颗金星。“在疲惫的日子里，那些星星大喊‘继续前进！’”她笑着说。)”可知，Maria在困难时期通过关注进步的小象征来激励自己。故选A。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“When Maria received her diploma last month, she called it “a key opening doors I thought were sealed forever.” But for her graduation isn’t an endpoint — it’s a launchpad. She’s now enrolled in online business courses. “My next goal is to manage a food-service team,” she declared. “This is just the beginning.”(上个月，当Maria收到她的毕业证书时，她称它为“一把打开我以为永远关闭的门的关键”。但对她来说，毕业不是终点，而是起点。她现在正在参加在线商业课程。“我的下一个目标是管理一支餐饮服务团队，”她宣称，“这才刚刚开始。”)”可知，Maria称她的文凭为“一把打开我以为永远关闭的门的关键”意思是这个文凭为她打开了曾经认为不可能的新机会。故选C。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段“Maria enrolled in night classes at a local adult education center. Balancing her cafeteria shifts, parenting two teenagers, and studying meant surviving on 4-5 hours of sleep nightly. She tracked her progress uniquely: every passed practice test earned a gold star on her kitchen calendar. “Those stars shouted ‘Keep going!’ on exhausting days,” she laughed. Her biology teacher remarked, “Maria often stayed after class to review materials — her determination was extraordinary.”(Maria在当地一所成人教育中心上了夜校。平衡食堂的工作、抚养两个十几岁的孩子和学习意味着每晚只能睡4到5个小时。她以独特的方式追踪自己的进展：每次通过模拟考试，她的厨房日历上就会有一颗金星。“在疲惫的日子里，那些星星大喊‘继续前进！’”她笑着说。她的生物老师评论道：“Maria经常课后留下来复习材料——她的决心非同寻常。”)”以及最后一段中“But for her graduation isn’t an endpoint — it’s a launchpad. She’s now enrolled in online business courses. “My next goal is to manage a food-service team,” she declared. “This is just the beginning.”(但对她来说，毕业不是终点，而是起点。她现在正在参加在线商业课程。“我的下一个目标是管理一支餐饮服务团队，”她宣称，“这才刚刚开始。”)”可知，Maria在面对困难时坚持不懈，并且有追求更高目标的雄心壮志。故选D。 Passage 5 （25-26高二上·浙江G5联盟-11月·期中）Anita Nowinska found her long-lost box of pastels (蜡笔) while digging through a worn suitcase, using only a candle for light as her power was cut off. “By candlelight I created my first flower painting,” she recalls. “As I painted, I found the deep sadness and pain I was feeling disappeared. That single act saved me, healed me and gave me a sense of purpose.” It was not, as she puts it, the straightest of career paths. As an eight-year-old, Anita was invited to study alongside a master’s group. “It wouldn’t be allowed these days,” she says. Her mother, supportive, bought her oil paints; her father, less so, frequently destroyed her work. Later, Anita swapped (交换) paints for fast money. “It gave me a very nice lifestyle financially,” she says, “but it was soul-destroying.” Anita set aside her art to run a recruitment (招聘) business in the growing Internet sector, but she didn’t remember being happy throughout those years. When the dot-com bubble (互联网泡沫) burst, many of her clients were hit hard. Despite covering expenses with her own savings, her business ultimately sank. Today, she is known for her vast, immersive (沉浸式的) canvases of meadows (草地), wild grasses and flowers-paintings that ask you to stop, breathe and look. “I want the viewer to see what I see. That the smallest thing in nature has so much beauty and wonder.” She paints big because she wants you to feel enveloped, caught in the flicker of a slight wind. Art, for Anita, is a celebration of nature. “Walking through the greenery is my meditation (冥想),” she says. “These days we call it mindfulness, but for me it’s just immersing myself in wonder.” Viewers seem to agree. One woman in a wheelchair once sat with Anita’s work for three hours, later admitting it was the first time in 20 years she had felt no pain. That, for Anita, is the point. “I can’t teach you how to paint,” she says. “I can only teach you how to look.” And her latest series, See Me I Bloom carries that lesson into womanhood itself. “ It’s about women truly valuing themselves — their strength, their wisdom, their determination. We create and nurture life- what could be more important?” 1.What can be known about Anita’s early relationship with art in Paragraph 2? A. Her artistic talent was recognized early but she faced obstacles. B. She prioritized financial success over art from the beginning. C. Her parents fully supported her artistic pursuits. D. She received formal art education from a young age. 2.How did Anita feel about her years in the recruitment business? A. Successful and content. B. Challenging yet enjoyable. C. Empty and meaningless. D. Rewarding yet stressful. 3.Why does Anita paint large canvases? A. To distract viewers from technical imperfections. B. To create a sense of complete immersion in nature. C. To showcase her unique pastel techniques. D. To follow the trend of contemporary art forms. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. From Financial Success to Artistic Failure B. The Market Value of Nature Paintings C. Anita’s Art Story: How Painting Heals D. Anita’s Career Path: A New Start in Business 【答案】1. A　2. C　3. B　4. C 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了安妮塔在困境中重拾蜡笔作画，治愈了自己。她曾为谋生放弃艺术，生意失败后回归，创作大幅自然画作治愈他人，并传递女性自我价值的思考。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“It was not, as she puts it, the straightest of career paths. As an eight-year-old, Anita was invited to study alongside a master’s group. “It wouldn’t be allowed these days,” she says. Her mother, supportive, bought her oil paints; her father, less so, frequently destroyed her work. Later, Anita swapped (交换) paints for fast money. “It gave me a very nice lifestyle financially,” she says, “but it was soul-destroying.” (正如她所说，这条职业道路并非一帆风顺。八岁时，安妮塔被邀请与一群大师一起学习。“如今是不允许这样的了。”她说。她的母亲支持她，给她买了油画颜料；而她的父亲则不太支持，经常毁坏她的作品。后来，安妮塔用颜料换取了更快的收入。“这在经济上给了我非常不错的生活条件，”她说，“但对心灵却是毁灭性的。”)”可知，第二段提到安妮塔8岁就被邀请与大师组一同学习，艺术天赋早被认可；但父亲常毁掉她的作品，后来她也为赚钱放弃绘画，说明追求艺术的路上存在阻碍。故选A项。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第三段“Anita set aside her art to run a recruitment (招聘) business in the growing Internet sector, but she didn’t remember being happy throughout those years. When the dot-com bubble (互联网泡沫) burst, many of her clients were hit hard. Despite covering expenses with her own savings, her business ultimately sank. (安妮塔放弃了艺术，投身于互联网领域迅速发展的招聘业务中，但那些年她并没有一直感到快乐。当互联网泡沫破裂时，她的许多客户都遭受了重创。尽管她用自己的积蓄支付了费用，但她的生意最终还是倒闭了。)”可知，安妮塔对于自己在招聘行业工作的那些年感觉空虚、没有意义。故选C项。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中“She paints big because she wants you to feel enveloped, caught in the flicker of a slight wind. (她画得很大，是因为她希望观者能感受到被完全包围、沉浸在微风的摇曳之中。)”可知，她画大幅作品是为了让观者完全沉浸在自然之中。故选B项。 (4)题解析： 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，全文讲述安妮塔在人生低谷时通过绘画治愈自己，之后又用画作治愈他人、传递自然之美与女性力量的故事，C选项“安妮塔的艺术故事：绘画如何治愈”最贴合主旨，适合作为文章的标题。故选C项。 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·浙江浙东北ZDB联盟·期中）There was an old bookstore on the corner of my street. I discovered it one sunny afternoon when I was exploring the neighborhood. The moment I pushed open the door, a unique aroma (芳香) embraced me. The shelves were stuffed with books of every genre and age. I could see the spines of well-loved classics, rare first editions, and forgotten treasures. The owner, a middle-aged man with glasses and a warm smile, was busy tidying up. He greeted me and told me to feel free to look around. I started browsing and was immediately fascinated by a collection of old travelogues that seemed to hold the secrets of far-off lands. Over the following weeks, I became a regular. I would spend hours there, losing myself in the pages of different books. Sometimes, the owner would recommend a particular book based on our conversations. His knowledge and passion for literature were truly inspiring. However, change was on the horizon. The city was developing rapidly, and new, modern shops were replacing the old ones. One day, I noticed a sense of gloom in the bookstore. The owner informed me that due to the skyrocketing rent and the competition from online bookstores, he was struggling to keep the doors open. It seemed that this little shelter of literature might soon disappear. I was determined not to let that happen. I reached out to my schoolmates and local community groups. We organized a book fair in front of the bookstore, inviting local authors and artists to participate. We also set up an online crowdfunding page to collect donations. People from all over the neighborhood came to show their support. They bought books,donated money, and shared their own memories of the bookstore. Thanks to the collective efforts, we managed to raise enough funds to cover the rent for a while. The bookstore survived this crisis. A community’s love and support can preserve something truly valuable. The old bookstore was not just a place to buy books; it was a cornerstone of our community’s cultural and emotional heritage, and it was worth every bit of the fight to save it. 1.What caught the writer’s attention the most during his first visit to the bookstore? A. The packed book shelves. B. The ancient travel accounts. C. The friendly and devoted shop owner. D. The rich collection of literature classics. 2.Why did the bookstore face the risk of shutting down? A. Poor management of the store. B. Rising rent and e-commerce pressure. C. A decrease in people’s interest in literature. D. The run-down condition and out-of-style decorations. 3.Which of the following best describes the writer? A. Warm-hearted and influential. B. Inspiring and economical. C. Reserved and passionate. D. Ambitious and knowledgeable. 4.What of the following does the writer mainly emphasize in the passage? A. The crucial role of joint efforts in conserving cultural treasure. B. The negative impact of urban expansion on personal hobbies. C. The marked advantage of small local businesses over large ones. D. The unavoidable replacement of old traditions by modern trends. 【答案】1. B　2. B　3. A　4. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇记叙文。作者邂逅了街角的一家旧书店，与店主交流并成为常客。后来书店面临困境，作者联合社区力量努力拯救书店，帮助书店度过一劫，体现了社区对书店这一文化和情感遗产的珍视和团体协作的力量。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“I started browsing and was immediately fascinated by a collection of old travelogues that seemed to hold the secrets of far-off lands.(我开始浏览，并立即被一本古老的游记所吸引，这些游记似乎包含着遥远国度的秘密)”可知，作者第一次去书店时最吸引他的是古代旅行记录。故选B。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“The owner informed me that due to the skyrocketing rent and the competition from online bookstores, he was struggling to keep the doors open.(店主告诉我，由于飞涨的租金和来自网上书店的竞争，他正在努力维持营业)”可知，房租上涨和电商压力让书店面临倒闭的风险。故选B。 (3)题解析： 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“I was determined not to let that happen. I reached out to my schoolmates and local community groups. We organized a book fair in front of the bookstore, inviting local authors and artists to participate. We also set up an online crowdfunding page to collect donations. People from all over the neighborhood came to show their support.(我决心不让这种事发生。我联系了我的同学和当地的社区团体。我们在书店前组织了一个书展，邀请当地的作家和艺术家参加。我们还建立了一个在线众筹页面来收集捐款。周围的人都来表示支持)”可知，作者听到书店面临危机后决心帮忙，可知作者是一个很热心的人，同时作者又发动朋友与社区的力量给予帮助，体现了他有一定的影响力。故作者热心且有影响力。故选A。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“A community’s love and support can preserve something truly valuable. The old bookstore was not just a place to buy books; it was a cornerstone of our community’s cultural and emotional heritage, and it was worth every bit of the fight to save it.(一个社区的爱和支持可以保存一些真正有价值的东西。老书店不仅仅是一个买书的地方；它是我们社区文化和情感遗产的基石，为拯救它而付出的一切努力都是值得的)”以及作者发动社区的力量一同参与拯救书店的行动体现出了共同的努力对于保护文化瑰宝的重要作用，可知，作者在文章中主要强调的是共同努力保护文化财富的关键作用。故选A。 主题语境02 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高二上·浙江浙里特色联盟-11月·期中）While many 22-year-olds are graduating from college and deciding what’s next for them, Robert Lennox-Hvenekilde has made what he calls “the biggest decision of my life so far” with an unusual buy — 7.5 acres of land in a Colombian jungle. The Copenhagen, Denmark, native made the big decision to invest about $40,000 in three hectares of jungle land, with a dream to build a self-sufficient and environmentally friendly home. “I was actually traveling here when I was 19,” Lennox-Hvenekilde told Newsweek. “I had just turned 19 and was traveling with a friend. We realized that there were a lot of people living in these areas of the world who were maybe not rich in an economic sense, but they just seemed extremely free and to have an extremely high quality of life.” Inspired by this way of living, Lennox-Hvenekilde spent years working full-time jobs in Denmark, determined to save enough money to turn his dream into reality. After months of searching, he found the perfect piece of land and bought it with help from local connections. The land has a natural stream, providing fresh drinking water year-round. It also feeds his crops during dry seasons, a necessity for his fruit farm. He is currently living in a nearby village while he works on constructing a small house on his land. Beyond farming and creating a self-sufficient home, Lennox-Hvenekilde also hopes to be able to give back to parts of the land and attempt rebuilding habitats for the native monkey species. As he builds his new life in the Colombian jungle, Lennox-Hvenekilde remains optimistic about the future. “I have so many plans and dreams and ideas — it’s kind of hard to just put it into words right now, especially since it’s all so new for me. But, right now, the plan is simple: plant a bunch of fruit trees, build the house, and take it one step at a time.” 1.Why did Robert decide to live in a Colombian jungle? A. Because he is poor in an economic sense. B. Because his friend started a business there. C. Because he admires a free and high-quality life. D. Because he wanted to become rich by selling fruit. 2.How did Robert make his dream come true? A. He searched for a land for years. B. He worked for years in Denmark. C. His local connections bought the land. D. His parents saved enough money for him. 3.What is Robert’s plan according to paragraph 4? A. To open a nature-friendly place for visitors. B. To invite scientists to study the native monkeys. C. To build a shelter and help local wildlife. D. To sell fresh water from the stream to towns. 4.What is Robert’s attitude toward his new life in the jungle? A. Excited. B. Worried. C. Stubborn. D. Uncaring. 【答案】1. C　2. B　3. C　4. A 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇记叙文。主要讲述22岁的丹麦人Robert Lennox-Hvenekilde受哥伦比亚丛林自由高质生活启发，在丹麦工作多年攒钱后，花费4万美元买下当地7.5英亩土地，计划建造环保自给住宅、经营果园并助力野生动物保护，对未来充满期待。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第二段“We realized that there were a lot of people living in these areas of the world who were maybe not rich in an economic sense, but they just seemed extremely free and to have an extremely high quality of life.(我们意识到，在世界上的这些地区，有很多人虽然在经济上并不富裕，但他们却似乎非常自由，而且生活质量极高)”可知，Robert Lennox-Hvenekilde决定在哥伦比亚的丛林中生活是因为他向往自由且高品质的生活。故选C。 (2)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“Inspired by this way of living, Lennox-Hvenekilde spent years working full-time jobs in Denmark, determined to save enough money to turn his dream into reality.(受到这种生活方式的启发，Robert Lennox-Hvenekilde决定在丹麦从事全职工作，以攒够资金来实现自己的梦想)”可知，Robert Lennox-Hvenekilde在丹麦工作多年积累资金，以实现自己的梦想。故选B。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段“Beyond farming and creating a self-sufficient home, Lennox-Hvenekilde also hopes to be able to give back to parts of the land and attempt rebuilding habitats for the native monkey species.(除了务农和建造一个自给自足的家之外，Robert Lennox-Hvenekilde还希望能够回馈这片土地，并尝试为当地的猴类物种重建栖息地)”可知，Robert Lennox-Hvenekilde的计划是建造一个庇护所并帮助当地的野生动物。故选C。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段“I have so many plans and dreams and ideas — it’s kind of hard to just put it into words right now, especially since it’s all so new for me. But, right now, the plan is simple: plant a bunch of fruit trees, build the house, and take it one step at a time.(我有着众多的计划、梦想和想法——此刻实在难以用言语将其一一表述出来，尤其是因为这一切对我来说都是全新的经历。但此刻，我的计划很简单：种下一批果树，建造房屋，然后一步一步地向前推进)”可知，Robert Lennox-Hvenekilde对他在丛林中的新生活持兴奋态度。故选A。 主题语境03 人与自然-环境 （25-26高二上·浙江浙江省金砖高中联盟-11月·期中）In 1962, a quiet woman from the United States published a book that would change how the world thought about nature. The book, titled Silent Spring, told a troubling story: if humans continued to use harmful chemicals (called pesticides) freely, birds might stop singing, rivers might lose their fish, and the once lively natural world could become “silent”. When the book first came out, many people were shocked — some even argued against it, especially chemical companies. But over time, its words started a global conversation about protecting the environment. The author of this influential book was Rachel Carson. She was born in 1907 in a small town in Pennsylvania, USA. As a child, Carson spent most of her free time exploring the woods and streams near her family’s farm. She loved watching birds build nests and collecting small plants, and she often wrote down her observations in a notebook. Her deep affection for nature from a young age motivated her to pursue a degree in biology at the university, where she learned how all living things — from tiny insects to large trees — are connected. After college, Carson worked as a scientist for the U. S. government, where she studied the ocean and wrote articles about marine life for a popular magazine. She also published several books about the ocean, but none gained as much attention as Silent Spring. To write this book, Carson spent four years researching. She read hundreds of scientific studies and talked to farmers, scientists, and fishermen who had seen the damage pesticides caused — like birds dying after eating poisonous insects, or fish floating dead in rivers. Carson knew her book would face criticism. At that time, pesticides were widely seen as a “miracle” tool to kill pests and protect crops. But she believed people had a right to know the truth about their dangers. Even after Silent Spring was published, she continued to speak up for the environment, even when her health was failing. Sadly, she died in 1964, just two years after her book came out. But her work lived on: Silent Spring led the U.S. government to ban the most harmful pesticides, and it inspired millions of people to start caring about protecting the planet. Today, she is still remembered as one of the first people to warn the world about the risks of harming nature. 1.Why did people argue against Silent Spring when it first appeared? A. It threatened the interests of most industries. B. It talked about nature, which few people cared about. C. It was too difficult for ordinary readers to understand. D. It criticized the use of pesticides, which many supported. 2.What can we infer about Rachel’s childhood? A. Her hobby markedly impacted her later academic choice. B. She learned about the harm of pesticides during this period. C. She was encouraged to study plants and birds by her parents. D. Her family’s farm was too small to allow her to explore nature. 3.Why did Carson spend four years researching? A. To work with famous university to test the pesticides. B. To travel around the world to study all the marine life. C. To collect enough evidence about the harm of pesticides. D. To learn how to write a convincing book with scientific support. 4.What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To prove the accuracy of Rachel’s studies. B. To introduce Rachel Carson and her influence. C. To describe the process of writing Silent Spring. D. To explain how pesticides harm the environment. 【答案】1. D　2. A　3. C　4. B 【解析】【导语】 这是一篇记叙文。介绍了《寂静的春天》的作者蕾切尔・卡逊，讲述了她的成长经历、创作《寂静的春天》的过程及其对环境保护产生的深远影响。 (1)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段“When the book first came out, many people were shocked — some even argued against it, especially chemical companies. (这本书刚出版时，很多人感到震惊——有些人甚至反对它，尤其是化工公司)”以及第四段“At that time, pesticides were widely seen as a “miracle” tool to kill pests and protect crops. (当时，杀虫剂被广泛视为杀灭害虫和保护作物的“奇迹”工具)”可知，《寂静的春天》批评了当时被广泛支持的杀虫剂的使用，所以刚出现时有人反对。故选D。 (2)题解析： 推理判断题。根据第二段“Her deep affection for nature from a young age motivated her to pursue a degree in biology at the university (她从小就对大自然怀有深厚的感情，这促使她在大学攻读生物学学位)”可知，她的爱好显著影响了她后来的学术选择。故选A。 (3)题解析： 细节理解题。根据第三段“To write this book, Carson spent four years researching. She read hundreds of scientific studies and talked to farmers, scientists, and fishermen who had seen the damage pesticides caused — like birds dying after eating poisonous insects, or fish floating dead in rivers. (为了写这本书，卡逊花了四年时间研究。她阅读了数百项科学研究，并与目睹杀虫剂造成破坏的农民、科学家和渔民交谈——比如鸟类吃了有毒昆虫后死亡，或者鱼漂浮在河里死亡)”可知，卡逊花四年时间研究是为了收集足够的关于杀虫剂危害的证据。故选C。 (4)题解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句“Today, she is still remembered as one of the first people to warn the world about the risks of harming nature. (今天，她仍然被认为是第一个警告世界破坏自然风险的人之一)”以及通读全文可知，本文从《寂静的春天》一书的影响开篇，接着介绍了卡逊的童年经历、教育背景、职业生涯、为写书付出的努力、她面对的争议以及她最终产生的深远影响。这是一个完整的人物介绍脉络，不仅介绍了她本人，也重点突出了她的成就和影响力。故选B。 / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 专题03 阅读理解（记叙文） 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·浙江宁波鄞州中学·期中）Jane Goodall, a renowned British primatologist (灵长类动物学家), revolutionized our understanding of chimpanzees and their behavior through her groundbreaking work in Gombe Stream National Park, Tanzania. Her journey began in 1960 when she arrived in Gombe, initially feeling like an outsider among the chimpanzees. However, her persistence paid off when she encountered David Greybeard, a chimpanzee who trusted her and led her to a fact that no one had ever discovered — chimpanzees were capable of making and using tools. This finding challenged the common belief that only humans possessed rational thought and tool-making abilities. Goodall’s lack of formal university training initially worked in her favor, as her unprejudiced perspective allowed her to observe chimpanzees with fresh eyes. Goodall’s observations revealed the complex social structures and emotional lives of chimpanzees, particularly through her relationship with Flo, a mother chimpanzee, and her family. Flo’s nurturing (养育的) behavior mirrored that of human mothers, deepening Goodall’s understanding of the similarities between humans and chimpanzees. Goodall’s work extended beyond research. She witnessed the darker side of chimpanzee behavior during the “Four Year War,” a violent conflict between rival chimpanzee groups. This experience led her to reflect on the deep-seated aggression in human nature, inherited from our primate ancestors. In 1977, she founded the Jane Goodall Institute (JGI) to support conservation efforts and community development programs, including Roots and Shoots, which empowers young people to engage in environmental protection. Her legacy is not only in her scientific contributions but also in her tireless efforts to inspire future generations to care for the planet and its inhabitants. Jane Goodall’s life and work remind us of the profound connections between humans and the natural world. 1.What was Jane Goodall’s groundbreaking discovery about chimpanzees? A. They could think rationally and make tools. B. They could communicate using sign language. C. They had profound connections with humans and nature. D. They could recognize themselves in mirrors. 2.What was the significance of Flo in Jane Goodall's research? A. Flo was the first chimpanzee to trust Jane Goodall. B. Flo was the mother of a chimpanzee community. C. Flo demonstrated the emotional and social complexity of chimpanzees. D. Flo encouraged Goodall to observe chimpanzees from an unprejudiced perspective. 3.What’s the purpose of showing the example of the “Four Year War”? A. Goodall’s ability to remain objective and record conflicts scientifically. B. The common aggressive nature shared by humans and chimpanzees. C. The necessity of establishing wildlife reserves for chimpanzees. D. The direct impact of human activities on chimpanzee habitats. 4.Which of the following can best describe Jane Goodall? A. Persistent and devoted. B. Competitive and creative. C. Flexible and sociable. D. Loyal and modest. 主题语境02 人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 （25-26高二上·浙江9+1联盟-11月·期中）As 18,000 hockey fans crowded into Climate Pledge Arena for the Seattle Kraken’s first home game, Brian Hamilton, the assistant equipment manager for the visiting Vancouver Canucks, laid out the team’s hockey sticks, masks and bottled water. As he did so, he didn’t notice the woman, Nadia Popovici, who sat directly behind him. Nor did she pay much attention to him. That would change soon. Halfway through the action, Popovici’s eyes locked onto something peculiar on the man. Through the glass, she spotted an odd-looking mole (痣) on the back of Hamilton’s neck, reddish with an irregular border. She had seen plenty like it as a hospital volunteer and soon-to-be medical student. It was a melanoma (黑素瘤). “It’s so uncomfortable to have something on your body pointed out,” she told the Seattle Times. But she knew she had to say something. As Hamilton walked near the ice between periods, Popovici, in Kraken gear, knocked hard on the glass, typed a message on her phone and held the screen high enough: “The mole on the back of your neck looks like cancerous. Go see a doctor!” Hamilton glanced at the brightly-lit message for only a second. That’s weird, he thought. Walking away, he uneasily rubbed the back of his neck. A few days later, he visited the Canucks’ doctor, who agreed that the mole looked alarming and ordered a biopsy (活组织检查). It came back positive — a stage-Ⅱ malignant melanoma, life-threatening if left unattended. Hamilton had the cancerous mole removed, and the surgery was excellent. “She took me out of a slow fire,” says Hamilton. “The words out of the doctor’s mouth were if I ignored that for four to five years, I wouldn’t be here.” The two connected at the next Canucks-Kraken game, where Hamilton was able to thank her in person. No thanks were necessary, Popovici said. “It was just one moment in our lives where we crossed paths at the right time.” 1.What made Popovici decide to tell Hamilton about the spot on his neck? A. Medical knowledge. B. Personal relationship. C. Overheard comments. D. Professional responsibility. 2.How did Popovici communicate her concern to Hamilton during the game? A. By shouting aloud from a distance. B. By asking a doctor for help. C. By showing him the message on the phone. D. By writing a note behind the glass. 3.How did Hamilton feel when saying “She took me out of a slow fire”? A. Terrified. B. Annoyed. C. Surprised. D. Grateful. 4.What message does the story convey? A. Silence is golden. B. Prepare for a rainy day. C. Opportunity knocks but once. D. Help is a voice, not just a feeling. 主题语境03 人与自我-做人与做事 （25-26高二上·浙江杭州外国语学校·期中）A few years ago, a chance encounter with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) excited my deep interest in this ancient culture. Greatly fascinated, I decided to pursue a systematic study. I applied to Yunnan University of Chinese Medicine, and I was overjoyed the day I received my admission letter. At the beginning, the ancient Chinese classics and complex processes of herb collection, identification and combination were quite challenging to me. Fortunately, I had the patient guidance of professors and the enthusiastic help of classmates to rely on. I remember when I first started learning acupuncture (针灸), I was often too hesitant to actually use the needles. To encourage me, my senior classmates generously acted as patients, braving the discomfort to let me practice acupuncture techniques on their bodies. With their support and motivation, my acupuncture skills steadily improved, and my studies quickly got on track. During my learning journey, the most memorable experience was my internship (实习) at the Yunnan Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine. There, I had the opportunity to participate directly in patient care. I looked forward to every Saturday afternoon when I could shadow my teacher. After each patient consultation, she would give me a detailed explanation: what the patient’s pulse (脉搏) indicated, what it represented in terms of their conditions, and the role of each herb in the prescription (处方). This approach helped shape my diagnostic thinking and was incredibly beneficial to me. Even though this meant she could never leave work on time, she never complained. As an ancient Chinese saying goes, “It’s easier to get a teacher of classics than a teacher of character.” My every day in China has been filled with challenges and surprises. TCM has taught me not just the skills to heal and save lives but how to view life. I have come to understand that the power of culture lies more in its ability to connect hearts than in its uniqueness. People from different cultural backgrounds can actually form strong connections. 1.Which of the following did the author find difficult when starting studying TCM? A. How to collect ancient Chinese classics. B. How to combine different herbs properly. C. How to communicate effectively with professors. D. How to understand the ancient Chinese philosophy. 2.Why does the author mention the experience of learning acupuncture? A. To show the complexity of acupuncture. B. To introduce the procedures of studying TCM. C. To illustrate the supportive learning environment. D. To stress the dangers of improper acupuncture techniques. 3.What does the author mean by the saying in paragraph 4? A. His TCM teacher is highly professional. B. His TCM teacher is selfless and devoted. C. His TCM teacher is strict and demanding. D. His TCM teacher is easy to get along with. 4.What does the author learn from the experience of studying TCM? A. Life is precious. B. Hard work pays off. C. Uniqueness unites, not divides. D. Culture is a bridge, not a wall. 主题语境04 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高二上·浙江杭州学军中学·期中）For many pop idol fans, having the opportunity to participate in a music video for their favorite pop songs might be a dream come true. I, I had taken lessons at a Chinese-owned dance studio, and they began to hold auditions (试镜) for a special project—filming a music video! Those who passed the auditions would rehearse (排练) a well-designed dance and be filmed by a professional camera crew. I really like the song they chose—Kill This Love by Blackpink, a girl group from South Korea, so I auditioned. I was confident at first in the audition, but as I felt more pressure, I forgot a few moves. This definitely hurt my chances, so I became very on edge about the results. Additionally, because Blackpink is a four-member group, the studio was only looking for four people, and over 20 people had auditioned. I was very unsure if my performance would be good enough for a callback. Two weeks later when I had just about given up on hearing back, I got a text from the studio manager, saying, “Congratulations! You have passed the audition for Kill This Love.” I could barely contain my excitement, but wanting to seem mature, I replied to her in a calm and collected manner. We were scheduled for five rehearsals in total, and the filming date was set for the middle of April. What really stirred up my excitement was knowing that we would be filmed in public. I would also be dancing the part of Rose, my favorite Blackpink member. Our first rehearsal was on a Wednesday. The studio had rented the basement of a theater. There were, of course, difficulties. The dance routine included formations, so we had to learn the positions and transitions—things that we did not usually learn in our regular dance lessons. But it was just the four of us, and our teacher had enough time to work with each of us individually. I have been practicing hard for my dream. I hope everything goes well, and I look forward to the upcoming performance! 1.How did I feel about the results after forgetting a few moves? A. Confident. B. Ambitious. C. Confused. D. Nervous. 2.Why did I reply to the manager calmly when I got the exciting text? A. Because I intended to present a mature image to her. B. Because I was trained well enough to contain my feelings. C. Because I knew that I was good enough for such a callback. D. Because I had known the result before she informed me of it. 3.What was my first rehearsal in the basement like? A. Confusing but practical. B. Challenging but helpful. C. Difficult but entertaining. D. Regular but rewarding. 4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To express the burning passion for Blackpink. B. To show the difficulty in attending an audition. C. To share a personal experience in pursuit of a dream. D. To convey the excitement of engaging in a rehearsal. 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 （25-26高二上·浙江台金七校联考·期中）The world said farewell to a true pioneer with the passing of Dr. Jane Goodall in 2025. Her journey, from a self-funded young woman with a dream to a globally influential figure, not only demonstrates the power of passion and perseverance, but also inspires generations to pursue change with empathy and courage. With no formal scientific training, Goodall began her work in the forests of Gombe, Tanzania. Her approach — associating so closely with the animals she studied, naming them and even referring to them as “my friends” — was then considered unorthodox by many in the scientific community. Despite facing doubt, her patience was rewarded with a series of discoveries that astonished the world. In 1960, she witnessed chimpanzees eating bushpigs, overturning the long-held belief that they were strict vegetarians. That same year, she saw chimps digging termites(白蚁) out of a hill with a stick, which forced experts to abandon the assumption that tool use was a uniquely human skill. Later, she documented not only acts of aggression — intergroup warfare and even cannibalism(同类相食) — but also gestures of affection such as play, grief and care. Sometimes, they even accepted her as one of their own. As her understanding of chimpanzees grew, so did her sense of responsibility. Driven by the growing threats to chimpanzees and their habitats, Goodall transitioned from a quiet observer to a tireless global advocate. She founded the Jane Goodall Institute and launched the “Roots & Shoots” program, which has since empowered millions of young people worldwide to engage in environmental projects. “What you do makes a difference, and you have to decide what kind of difference you want to make,” she often stated, emphasizing individual responsibility. Goodall’s legacy is not merely in her discoveries, but in her unbeatable spirit. She showed that profound change begins with a single, determined individual. Her life stands as a lasting proof of the idea that curiosity, when paired with action, can reshape our world. 1.What does the underlined word “unorthodox” in paragraph 2 most probably mean? A. Unconventional. B. Efficient. C. Authoritative. D. Outdated. 2.What major breakthrough did Goodall make about chimpanzees in 1960? A. They maintain a pure vegetarian diet. B. They often engage in community violence. C. They could use objects as tools to obtain food. D. They were as intelligent as humans in employing tools. 3.What can be inferred about Jane Goodall according to paragraph 4? A. She sought global recognition for her environmental projects. B. She believed that collective efforts outweigh individual actions. C. She inspired youngsters to contribute to a more sustainable world. D. She focused mainly on developing observation methods for chimpanzees. 4.Which of the following best describes Jane Goodall? A. Innovative and generous. B. Academic and demanding. C. Committed and transformative. D. Indifferent and pioneering. Passage 2 （25-26高二上·浙江卓越高中联盟-11月·期中）Katherine Johnson, a hero to American space travel and exploration, was born on Aug. 26, 1918, in White Sulphur Springs, West Virginia. Her genius for math and science was evident early and her parents arranged for her and her siblings’ education to be a priority. Katherine graduated from high school at only 14 and attended West Virginia State College, a historically Black college. When West Virginia decided to quietly integrate its graduate schools in 1939, West Virginia State’s president, Dr. John W. Davis, selected her and two men to be the first Black students offered spots at the state’s flagship school, West Virginia University. In 1953, in a time of racial separation, she started a job as a human “computer” with the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics (NACA), which later developed into NASA．She worked in the West Area Computing section at Langley Research Center on a team headed by fellow West Virginian Dorothy Vaughan. This turned into a long-term position and set the course for Katherine’s role in space exploration. In 1960, she and engineer Ted Skopinski coauthored Determination of Azimuth Angle at Burnout for Placing a Satellite Over a Selected Earth Position, a report laying out the equations (方程式) describing an orbital spaceflight in which the landing position of the spacecraft is specified. It was the first time a woman in the Flight Research Division had received credit as an author of a research report. Her expertise was key to John Glenn’s orbit around Earth in 1962, with Glenn putting much of his confidence in Katherine to make the mission a success. As a part of the preflight checklist, Glenn asked engineers to “get the girl” — Johnson — to run the same numbers through the same equations that had been programmed into the computer, but by hand, on her desktop mechanical calculating machine. “If she says they’re good,” Katherine Johnson remembered the astronaut saying, “then I’m ready to go.” 1.What can we learn about Katherine Johnson’s life experience? A. Her parents attached great importance to her education. B. She was the only Black student to enter West Virginia University in 1939. C. She took the lead of the West Area Computing section. D. She joined the NACA organization after NASA had been established. 2.Why does the writer quote (引用) John Glenn’s words in the last paragraph? A. To explain Johnson’s hand calculation (计算) was tough. B. To highlight John Glenn was a strict mission leader. C. To prove Johnson’s hand calculations were reliable. D. To illustrate the computer’s data was not trustworthy. 3.Which of the following can best describe Katherine Johnson? A. Modest and sociable. B. Talented and hardworking. C. Stubborn and ambitious. D. Considerate and cooperative. 4.What is the best title for the text? A. Katherine Johnson: A Lifetime of Educational Pursuits B. The Story of a “Computer”: Katherine Johnson’s Early Life at NASA C. Katherine Johnson: A Pioneering Force in Space Exploration D. Mathematics: The Key to John Glenn’s Historic Space Flight Passage 3 （25-26高二上·浙江环大罗山·期中）On April 30, 2025, the U. S. National Academy of Sciences (NAS) announced its new members, including Chinese pharmacologist Tu Youyou, who was elected a foreign associate member. This election powerfully recognizes Tu’s lifelong contributions — especially her groundbreaking discovery of artemisinin, a malaria-fighting wonder drug that has saved millions of lives. Tu Youyou was born in Ningbo in 1930. At 16, her battle with tuberculosis (肺结核) inspired her mission to relieve human suffering through science, leading her to Peking University in 1951, where her strict academic training laid the groundwork for her future work at the intersection (交叉) of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and modern science. After graduation, she conducted vital research on herbal medicines, clarifying long-standing confusion over plant species. In 1969, Tu led a team to comb through 2,000 ancient TCM texts and folk cures. A 4th-century text eventually inspired a key idea: extracting Artemisia annua (sweet wormwood) with ether (乙醚) could preserve its active part. After 190 failed experiments, success came. By 1972, her team had extracted pure artemisinin, proved safety on themselves, and confirmed its effectiveness. Artemisinin has revolutionized malaria treatment, reducing incidence by 37% and death rate by 60% between 2000 and 2015, saving an estimated 5.9 million children’s lives (WHO, 2015). This achievement earned Tu the 2011 Lasker Award and, in 2015, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine — the first Nobel in a scientific field for a Chinese scientist and a landmark for TCM’s global recognition. She later received China’s Highest National Science and Technology Award (2016) and was named among Time’s 100 Most Influential Women (2020). Nevertheless, Tu remains humble, emphasizing that artemisinin is “a gift from TCM and the collective effort of her team.” At 94, she rises at dawn to monitor resistance trials, records every data point by hand, and personally replies to rural doctors seeking advice. Her humility, resilience, and quiet dedication continue to inspire scientists worldwide. 1.What motivated Tu Youyou’s career in medical science? A. Reading a 4th-century text on herbal medicine. B. Fighting against a serious disease at age 16. C. Studying at Peking University in 1951. D. Witnessing the deadly impact of malaria. 2.What key step finally led to the success of her study? A. Heating Artemisia annua in boiling water for hours. B. Switching from water to ether as the extracting liquid. C. Testing the 190th sample on laboratory animals. D. Consulting Western pharmacology textbooks. 3.The last paragraph best reveals that Tu is ________. A. talented B. ambitious C. cautious D. modest 4.What does the passage mainly convey? A. Breakthroughs result from commitment and persistence. B. Individual genius weighs more than teamwork in fighting disease. C. Global recognition turns local herbs into widespread cures. D. Future study focuses on developing modern drugs from herbal sources. Passage 4 （25-26高二上·浙江合作组织-11月·期中）Maria Rodriguez, our school cafeteria server for ten years, always greeted us with a warm smile while preparing meals. One Monday, however, I noticed her quietly wiping tears in the corner of the staff room. My first thought was that she might be facing personal hardships — until I saw her gently holding a framed certificate and whispering, “I did it...finally.” Her tears, I soon realized, were of overwhelming pride. At 42, Maria had just earned her high school diploma (文凭). Struggling with hearing loss since childhood, Maria dropped out at 15 to support her sick parents. She worked multiple low-income jobs until securing stable work in our school cafeteria. Last year, when the school introduced a new digital ordering system, Maria’s supervisor gently explained that operating it required basic computer literacy — which in turn required a high school credential. “We’ll keep your position,” he said, “but to continue long-term, you’ll need to complete your diploma within two years.” Maria enrolled in night classes at a local adult education center. Balancing her cafeteria shifts, parenting two teenagers, and studying meant surviving on 4-5 hours of sleep nightly. She tracked her progress uniquely: every passed practice test earned a gold star on her kitchen calendar. “Those stars shouted ‘Keep going!’ on exhausting days,” she laughed. Her biology teacher remarked, “Maria often stayed after class to review materials — her determination was extraordinary.” When Maria received her diploma last month, she called it “a key opening doors I thought were sealed forever.” But for her graduation isn’t an endpoint — it’s a launchpad. She’s now enrolled in online business courses. “My next goal is to manage a food-service team,” she declared. “This is just the beginning.” 1.Why was Maria crying in the staff room? A. She felt exhausted from overwork. B. She recalled her family difficulties. C. She had achieved an important milestone. D. Her supervisor criticized her performance. 2.How did Maria motivate herself during tough times? A. By focusing on small symbols of progress. B. By reducing her workload significantly. C. By seeking financial support from the school. D. By prioritizing sleep over studying. 3.What does Maria mean by calling her diploma “a key opening doors I thought were sealed forever”? A. The diploma has brought her immediate wealth. B. The diploma has allowed her to unlock physical doors in the school. C. The diploma has opened up new opportunities she once thought were impossible. D. The diploma has made her lose some important relationships. 4.Which of the following best describes Maria’s character? A. Brave and determined. B. Timid and easily discouraged. C. Careful and responsible. D. Persistent and ambitious. Passage 5 （25-26高二上·浙江G5联盟-11月·期中）Anita Nowinska found her long-lost box of pastels (蜡笔) while digging through a worn suitcase, using only a candle for light as her power was cut off. “By candlelight I created my first flower painting,” she recalls. “As I painted, I found the deep sadness and pain I was feeling disappeared. That single act saved me, healed me and gave me a sense of purpose.” It was not, as she puts it, the straightest of career paths. As an eight-year-old, Anita was invited to study alongside a master’s group. “It wouldn’t be allowed these days,” she says. Her mother, supportive, bought her oil paints; her father, less so, frequently destroyed her work. Later, Anita swapped (交换) paints for fast money. “It gave me a very nice lifestyle financially,” she says, “but it was soul-destroying.” Anita set aside her art to run a recruitment (招聘) business in the growing Internet sector, but she didn’t remember being happy throughout those years. When the dot-com bubble (互联网泡沫) burst, many of her clients were hit hard. Despite covering expenses with her own savings, her business ultimately sank. Today, she is known for her vast, immersive (沉浸式的) canvases of meadows (草地), wild grasses and flowers-paintings that ask you to stop, breathe and look. “I want the viewer to see what I see. That the smallest thing in nature has so much beauty and wonder.” She paints big because she wants you to feel enveloped, caught in the flicker of a slight wind. Art, for Anita, is a celebration of nature. “Walking through the greenery is my meditation (冥想),” she says. “These days we call it mindfulness, but for me it’s just immersing myself in wonder.” Viewers seem to agree. One woman in a wheelchair once sat with Anita’s work for three hours, later admitting it was the first time in 20 years she had felt no pain. That, for Anita, is the point. “I can’t teach you how to paint,” she says. “I can only teach you how to look.” And her latest series, See Me I Bloom carries that lesson into womanhood itself. “ It’s about women truly valuing themselves — their strength, their wisdom, their determination. We create and nurture life- what could be more important?” 1.What can be known about Anita’s early relationship with art in Paragraph 2? A. Her artistic talent was recognized early but she faced obstacles. B. She prioritized financial success over art from the beginning. C. Her parents fully supported her artistic pursuits. D. She received formal art education from a young age. 2.How did Anita feel about her years in the recruitment business? A. Successful and content. B. Challenging yet enjoyable. C. Empty and meaningless. D. Rewarding yet stressful. 3.Why does Anita paint large canvases? A. To distract viewers from technical imperfections. B. To create a sense of complete immersion in nature. C. To showcase her unique pastel techniques. D. To follow the trend of contemporary art forms. 4.Which of the following is the best title for the text? A. From Financial Success to Artistic Failure B. The Market Value of Nature Paintings C. Anita’s Art Story: How Painting Heals D. Anita’s Career Path: A New Start in Business 主题语境01 人与社会-历史、社会与文化 （25-26高二上·浙江浙东北ZDB联盟·期中）There was an old bookstore on the corner of my street. I discovered it one sunny afternoon when I was exploring the neighborhood. The moment I pushed open the door, a unique aroma (芳香) embraced me. The shelves were stuffed with books of every genre and age. I could see the spines of well-loved classics, rare first editions, and forgotten treasures. The owner, a middle-aged man with glasses and a warm smile, was busy tidying up. He greeted me and told me to feel free to look around. I started browsing and was immediately fascinated by a collection of old travelogues that seemed to hold the secrets of far-off lands. Over the following weeks, I became a regular. I would spend hours there, losing myself in the pages of different books. Sometimes, the owner would recommend a particular book based on our conversations. His knowledge and passion for literature were truly inspiring. However, change was on the horizon. The city was developing rapidly, and new, modern shops were replacing the old ones. One day, I noticed a sense of gloom in the bookstore. The owner informed me that due to the skyrocketing rent and the competition from online bookstores, he was struggling to keep the doors open. It seemed that this little shelter of literature might soon disappear. I was determined not to let that happen. I reached out to my schoolmates and local community groups. We organized a book fair in front of the bookstore, inviting local authors and artists to participate. We also set up an online crowdfunding page to collect donations. People from all over the neighborhood came to show their support. They bought books,donated money, and shared their own memories of the bookstore. Thanks to the collective efforts, we managed to raise enough funds to cover the rent for a while. The bookstore survived this crisis. A community’s love and support can preserve something truly valuable. The old bookstore was not just a place to buy books; it was a cornerstone of our community’s cultural and emotional heritage, and it was worth every bit of the fight to save it. 1.What caught the writer’s attention the most during his first visit to the bookstore? A. The packed book shelves. B. The ancient travel accounts. C. The friendly and devoted shop owner. D. The rich collection of literature classics. 2.Why did the bookstore face the risk of shutting down? A. Poor management of the store. B. Rising rent and e-commerce pressure. C. A decrease in people’s interest in literature. D. The run-down condition and out-of-style decorations. 3.Which of the following best describes the writer? A. Warm-hearted and influential. B. Inspiring and economical. C. Reserved and passionate. D. Ambitious and knowledgeable. 4.What of the following does the writer mainly emphasize in the passage? A. The crucial role of joint efforts in conserving cultural treasure. B. The negative impact of urban expansion on personal hobbies. C. The marked advantage of small local businesses over large ones. D. The unavoidable replacement of old traditions by modern trends. 主题语境02 人与自我-生活与学习 （25-26高二上·浙江浙里特色联盟-11月·期中）While many 22-year-olds are graduating from college and deciding what’s next for them, Robert Lennox-Hvenekilde has made what he calls “the biggest decision of my life so far” with an unusual buy — 7.5 acres of land in a Colombian jungle. The Copenhagen, Denmark, native made the big decision to invest about $40,000 in three hectares of jungle land, with a dream to build a self-sufficient and environmentally friendly home. “I was actually traveling here when I was 19,” Lennox-Hvenekilde told Newsweek. “I had just turned 19 and was traveling with a friend. We realized that there were a lot of people living in these areas of the world who were maybe not rich in an economic sense, but they just seemed extremely free and to have an extremely high quality of life.” Inspired by this way of living, Lennox-Hvenekilde spent years working full-time jobs in Denmark, determined to save enough money to turn his dream into reality. After months of searching, he found the perfect piece of land and bought it with help from local connections. The land has a natural stream, providing fresh drinking water year-round. It also feeds his crops during dry seasons, a necessity for his fruit farm. He is currently living in a nearby village while he works on constructing a small house on his land. Beyond farming and creating a self-sufficient home, Lennox-Hvenekilde also hopes to be able to give back to parts of the land and attempt rebuilding habitats for the native monkey species. As he builds his new life in the Colombian jungle, Lennox-Hvenekilde remains optimistic about the future. “I have so many plans and dreams and ideas — it’s kind of hard to just put it into words right now, especially since it’s all so new for me. But, right now, the plan is simple: plant a bunch of fruit trees, build the house, and take it one step at a time.” 1.Why did Robert decide to live in a Colombian jungle? A. Because he is poor in an economic sense. B. Because his friend started a business there. C. Because he admires a free and high-quality life. D. Because he wanted to become rich by selling fruit. 2.How did Robert make his dream come true? A. He searched for a land for years. B. He worked for years in Denmark. C. His local connections bought the land. D. His parents saved enough money for him. 3.What is Robert’s plan according to paragraph 4? A. To open a nature-friendly place for visitors. B. To invite scientists to study the native monkeys. C. To build a shelter and help local wildlife. D. To sell fresh water from the stream to towns. 4.What is Robert’s attitude toward his new life in the jungle? A. Excited. B. Worried. C. Stubborn. D. Uncaring. 主题语境03 人与自然-环境 （25-26高二上·浙江浙江省金砖高中联盟-11月·期中）In 1962, a quiet woman from the United States published a book that would change how the world thought about nature. The book, titled Silent Spring, told a troubling story: if humans continued to use harmful chemicals (called pesticides) freely, birds might stop singing, rivers might lose their fish, and the once lively natural world could become “silent”. When the book first came out, many people were shocked — some even argued against it, especially chemical companies. But over time, its words started a global conversation about protecting the environment. The author of this influential book was Rachel Carson. She was born in 1907 in a small town in Pennsylvania, USA. As a child, Carson spent most of her free time exploring the woods and streams near her family’s farm. She loved watching birds build nests and collecting small plants, and she often wrote down her observations in a notebook. Her deep affection for nature from a young age motivated her to pursue a degree in biology at the university, where she learned how all living things — from tiny insects to large trees — are connected. After college, Carson worked as a scientist for the U. S. government, where she studied the ocean and wrote articles about marine life for a popular magazine. She also published several books about the ocean, but none gained as much attention as Silent Spring. To write this book, Carson spent four years researching. She read hundreds of scientific studies and talked to farmers, scientists, and fishermen who had seen the damage pesticides caused — like birds dying after eating poisonous insects, or fish floating dead in rivers. Carson knew her book would face criticism. At that time, pesticides were widely seen as a “miracle” tool to kill pests and protect crops. But she believed people had a right to know the truth about their dangers. Even after Silent Spring was published, she continued to speak up for the environment, even when her health was failing. Sadly, she died in 1964, just two years after her book came out. But her work lived on: Silent Spring led the U.S. government to ban the most harmful pesticides, and it inspired millions of people to start caring about protecting the planet. Today, she is still remembered as one of the first people to warn the world about the risks of harming nature. 1.Why did people argue against Silent Spring when it first appeared? A. It threatened the interests of most industries. B. It talked about nature, which few people cared about. C. It was too difficult for ordinary readers to understand. D. It criticized the use of pesticides, which many supported. 2.What can we infer about Rachel’s childhood? A. Her hobby markedly impacted her later academic choice. B. She learned about the harm of pesticides during this period. C. She was encouraged to study plants and birds by her parents. D. Her family’s farm was too small to allow her to explore nature. 3.Why did Carson spend four years researching? A. To work with famous university to test the pesticides. B. To travel around the world to study all the marine life. C. To collect enough evidence about the harm of pesticides. D. To learn how to write a convincing book with scientific support. 4.What is the main purpose of the passage? A. To prove the accuracy of Rachel’s studies. B. To introduce Rachel Carson and her influence. C. To describe the process of writing Silent Spring. D. To explain how pesticides harm the environment. / 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $函学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 专题03阅读理解（记叙文） 基础必练 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.A 主题语境02人与社会-社会服务与人际沟通 【答案】1.A2.C3.D4D 主题语境03人与自我-做人与做事 【答案】1.B2.C3.B4D 主题语境04人与自我-生活与学习 【答案】1.D2.A3.B4.C 进阶提升 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 Passage 1 【答案】1.A2.C3.C4.C Passage 2 【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.C Passage 3 【答案】1.B2.B3.D4.A Passage 4 【答案】1.C2.A3.C4.D 1/2 可学科网 www.zxxk.com 让教与学更高效 Passage 5 【答案】1.A2.C3.B4C 拓展培优)》 主题语境01人与社会-历史、社会与文化 【答案】1.B2.B3.A4.A 主题语境02人与自我-生活与学习 【答案】1.C2.B3.C4.A 主题语境03人与自然-环境 【答案】1.D2.A3.C4.B 212