Unit 1 课时4 Grammar （教学课件） 英语新教材译林版九年级下册

该初中英语课件聚焦“it”的三种核心用法，即指代事物/时间/天气/距离、指代未知人或行为、作形式主语/宾语。课堂导入通过图片问答（如识别猫、时间、天气）和句子转换（“To learn English is important”改为“It is important to learn English”），搭建从具体指代到抽象语法功能的学习支架，自然衔接已知与新知。 其亮点在于采用“规则归纳—语篇应用—迁移创新”分层任务设计，如Presentation结合教材例句系统梳理用法，Practice通过旅行日记改写、语篇“it”指代分析强化理解，Production设计A2/B2/C2写作任务（结合长城、西湖等景点或个人旅行经历）并进行口头分享，培养语言能力与思维品质。Summary表格化梳理用法，Exercises分类型检测，Homework包含基础抄写、进阶短文（80-100词）及拓展音频录制，满足差异需求。学生能提升“it”的综合运用能力，教师可借助清晰环节设计高效开展语法教学。

Unit 1 A world of cultures 课型：语法课 Grammar 识别并归纳代词“it”的三种基本用法：指代动植物及无生命物体、指代时间/天气/距离、作形式主语或形式宾语；能准确说出教材例句中每个“it”的指代对象或替代成分。（学习理解） 完成教材A1、B1、C1部分的填空、改写和分析练习，在具体语境中正确运用“it”的不同用法，并能用“It is + adj. + to do sth.”、“It takes...to...”等句型进行替换和仿写。（应用实践） 结合自身旅行经历或想象，运用本课所学的“it”的多种用法，完成A2、B2、C2的写作任务，并在小组内进行口头分享与交流，实现语法知识的综合运用和创造性输出。（迁移创新） 01 02 03 学习目标 Lead in 01 Presentation 02 Practice 03 Production 04 05 Summary 06 Exercises 07 Homework Contents Lead in 01 Lead in Look and say Look at the pictures and answer the questions. Is it a boy or a girl? What's this? It is a cat. What time is it? It is 8 o'clock. What's the weather like? It is snowy. It is a boy. Lead in Think and try Look at this sentence: Can we start the sentence with "It"? Yes! → It is important to learn English. This is called the "formal subject" – we will learn more about it today. To learn English is important. Presentation 02 Presentation A - Using "it" as a pronoun (I) Rule 1: We use "it" for an animal, a plant or a lifeless thing. Example: ①The panda is an important cultural symbol of China. It is cute. ②Tai chi is a series of slow, gentle movements. It is good for one's body and mind. Presentation A - Using "it" as a pronoun (I) Rule 2: We use "it" for a young child when we do not know whether it is a girl or a boy. Example: Look at that cute baby over there! Is it a boy? Presentation A - Using "it" as a pronoun (I) Rule 3: We use "it" for a person when we are identifying him or her. Example: Who called you on the phone just now? It was Grace. She called from Rome. Presentation A - Using "it" as a pronoun (I) Rule 4: We use "it" for an action, a situation or an idea mentioned in a previous statement. Example: ①Visiting famous buildings in Rome is a popular activity for tourists, isn't it? ②We took some snacks and drinks and relaxed in the sun at the nearby square. It was wonderful. Presentation Presentation B - Using "it" as a pronoun (II) We also use "it" for the time, the date, the weather, the distance, etc. A tour guide: Today, we're going to visit the Palace Museum. It's 6 kilometres from the hotel. It's cold today, so please wear warm clothes. It's 9 a.m. now and we'll leave at 9:30. Please be ready outside the hotel at 9:25. Presentation Using "it" as a formal subject or object Sometimes we use "it" to replace the real subject or object in a sentence. We introduce the real subject or object later in the sentence. Grace: I find it difficult to move to a new country, and it took me a long time to get used to the new life. But I feel quite at home in Italy now. I have lots of friends and it is kind of them to teach me Italian. Next week, I will go to Venice with some Italian friends. It is well known that Venice was built on water. It is common to go on boat rides and enjoy the views of the old buildings from the water. Presentation Using "it" as a formal subject or object Sometimes we use "it" to replace the real subject or object in a sentence. We introduce the real subject or object later in the sentence. Useful structures with it It is + adjective (+ of/for ...) + to ... It takes ... some time to ... It is said/reported/known/... that ... ... think(s)/find(s) it easy/difficult/... to ... Presentation More examples More examples from the text: It is kind of them to teach me Italian. It is well known that Venice was built on water. It is common to go on boat rides and enjoy the views. It is amazing to see it in real life! I found it exciting to try new food. It is well known that the winter in Shanghai is wet and cold. I find it pleasant to walk around the city. It is kind of them to show us the way. It is interesting to talk to them about their lives. It does not take much time to get used to the transport in Shanghai. It is convenient for us to get around. Practice 03 1 ______________ 2 ______________ 3 ______________ 4 ______________ 5 ______________ 6 ______________ 7 ______________ Practice The exchange students visited the Summer Palace yesterday. Kevin, one of the students, is writing about it. Read the passage below and find out what each it refers to. Write your answers in the blanks. Yesterday, we visited the Summer Palace. We spent about three hours there, and (1) it was very interesting. There is a beautiful Chinese garden with three hills and a lake. The lake is very big—(2) it takes up three quarters of the area. When we were there, (3) it was frozen, so we couldn't go out on a boat. Across the lake is a bridge and on either side of (4) it are many stone lions. The lions are all different from each other. Isn't (5) it amazing? While I was walking along the bridge, my mobile phone rang. (6) It was my mum. I told her about my day and how much I was enjoying the Summer Palace. (7) It was well worth visiting! visiting the Summer Palace the lake the bridge the fact that the lions are all different my mum visiting the Summer Palace the lake Practice The exchange students left for Shanghai. Kevin has made some notes in his diary. Rewrite his sentences with it. 1 Today is 22 February. We left Beijing for Shanghai after lunch. _______________. We left Beijing for Shanghai after lunch. 2 Shanghai is about 1,300 kilometres by train from Beijing. ________________________ by train from Beijing to Shanghai. 3 I got up at 7:30 a.m. this morning. ______________ when I got up this morning. 4 I felt a bit cold when we went out. The temperature was 2℃. I felt a bit cold when we went out. ______________. It is 22 February. It is about 1,300 kilometres It was 2°C. It was 7:30 a.m. Practice The exchange students left for Shanghai. Kevin has made some notes in his diary. Rewrite his sentences with it. 5 Winter is cold and wet and sometimes rainy in Shanghai. In winter, _______________________________________. 6 We arrived in Shanghai on a sunny day. ______________ when we arrived in Shanghai. 7 We arrived at our hotel on Monday afternoon. _____________________ when we arrived at our hotel. 8 Our hotel is not far from the Huangpu River. ______________ from the Huangpu River to our hotel. it is cold and wet and sometimes rainy. It was sunny It is not far It was Monday afternoon Practice Kevin is writing down what he thinks about Shanghai. Find the sentences with It that replaces the real subject or object and tell what each it refers to. Sights: Shanghai is fantastic! Though I've seen photos of the bund online, it is amazing to see it in real life! Food: In Shanghai, you can find food from all over the world, but the city also has some local treats. My guide gave me one this morning. It is called qingtuan. I tried it and really liked it. I found it exciting to try new food. ①形式主语，代替后面的不定式短语 to see it in real life（真正主语）。 ②指代前文提到的 the Bund（外滩）。 ①指代前文的 one（导游给的当地小吃）。 ②③均指代 qingtuan（青团）。 ④形式宾语，代替后面的不定式短语 to try new food（真正宾语）。 Practice Kevin is writing down what he thinks about Shanghai. Find the sentences with It that replaces the real subject or object and tell what each it refers to. Culture: We watched a Shanghai opera. It was very exciting. The actors and actresses did a wonderful job. Weather: It is well known that the winter in Shanghai is wet and cold, but I did not notice this when I arrived here. It is sunny today. I find it pleasant to walk around the city. 指代前文的 a Shanghai opera（上海歌剧） ①形式主语，代替后面的 that 从句 that the winter in Shanghai is wet and cold（真正主语）。 ②习惯用法，指代“天气”。 ③形式宾语，代替后面的不定式短语 to walk around the city（真正宾语）。 Practice Kevin is writing down what he thinks about Shanghai. Find the sentences with It that replaces the real subject or object and tell what each it refers to. People: The people here are very helpful. It is kind of them to show us the way and it is interesting to talk to them about their lives. Transport: It does not take much time to get used to the transport in Shanghai. The city has a great public transport system, so it is convenient for us to get around. ①形式主语，代替后面的 for them to show us the way（真正主语，常用 “It + be + 形容词 + of sb. + to do sth.” 结构）。 ②形式主语，代替后面的不定式短语 to talk to them about their lives（真正主语）。 ①形式主语，代替后面的不定式短语 to get used to the transport in Shanghai（真正主语）。 ②形式主语，代替后面的 for us to get around（真正主语，常用 “It + be + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth.” 结构）。 Production 04 Production Writing tasks ①The Great Wall is very long. It is over 20,000 kilometres. ②West Lake is beautiful. It attracts millions of visitors every year. ③The Terracotta Warriors are amazing. It is incredible to see them. A2: Write three sentences about a place of interest you know, using the grammar item above. Using "it" as a pronoun Production Writing tasks It is about 500 kilometres from Beijing to Xi'an. It was sunny when we visited the Great Wall. It was 8 a.m. when we arrived at the museum. B2: Write three sentences about a visit to a place, using the grammar item above. Using "it" as a pronoun Production Writing tasks It is exciting to visit a new place. I found it interesting to learn about local customs. It took us two hours to climb the mountain. C2: Describe a travel experience of yours. Include three sentences, using the grammar item above. Using "it" as formal subject/object Production Show Time Summary 05 Summary Use 1: "it" as a pronoun Use 2: "it" as an impersonal pronoun Use 3: "it" as a formal subject/object For animals, plants, things: It is cute. For time, weather, distance: It is 6 km. It is cold. For unknown person/action: It was Grace. It was wonderful. Time: It is 9 a.m. Date: It is Monday. Weather: It is rainy. Distance: It is far. It is + adj. + to do sth.: It is important to study. It takes + time + to do sth.: It takes an hour. ... find it + adj. + to do sth.: I find it easy. Exercises 06 Choose the best answer. it 作为代词（指代事物、人、先前内容等） 1. 在句子 “The panda is an important cultural symbol of China. It is cute.” 中，“it” 指代什么？A. ChinaB. The pandaC. The symbolD. Cute 2. 在对话 “—Who called you on the phone just now? —It was Grace.” 中，“it” 指代什么？A. The phone B. The call C. The person who called D. Just now 3. 在段落 “Yesterday, we visited the Summer Palace. We spent about three hours there, and it was very interesting.” 中，“it” 指代什么？ A. the time spent B. the Summer Palace C. three hours D. the visit 4. 在句子 “Look at that cute baby over there! Is it a boy?” 中，“it” 指代什么？ A. The baby B. The boy C. Over there D. Cute 单项选择 Exercises B C D A it 作为代词（指代时间、天气、距离等） 5. 在句子 “It's 6 kilometres from the hotel.” 中，“it” 主要表示什么？ A. 时间 B. 距离 C. 天气 D. 方向 6. 用 “it” 重写 “Today is 22 February.”，下列哪项正确？ A. It is 22 February today. B. It today is 22 February. C. Today it is 22 February. D. It is today 22 February. 7. 在句子 “I felt a bit cold when we went out. The temperature was 2°C.” 中，用 “it” 合并句子，哪项最合适？ A. I felt a bit cold when we went out. It was 2°C. B. I felt a bit cold when we went out. It was temperature 2°C. C. I felt a bit cold when we went out. It was 2°C temperature. D. I felt a bit cold when we went out. It temperature was 2°C. 单项选择 Exercises B A A C部分：it 作为形式主语或宾语 8. 在句子 “I find it difficult to move to a new country.” 中，“it” 的语法功能是什么？ A. 指代 a new country B. 形式宾语，替代 “to move to a new country” C. 指代 difficulty D. 形式主语 9. 在句子 “It is well known that Venice was built on water.” 中，“it” 指代什么？ A. Venice B. That Venice was built on water C. Water D. Well known 10. 在句子 “It does not take much time to get used to the transport in Shanghai.” 中，“it” 的语法功能是什么？ A. 指代 time B. 形式主语，替代 “to get used to the transport in Shanghai” C. 指代 transport D. 形式宾语 单项选择 Exercises B B B Homework 07 Homework Homework 1.基础作业：抄写重点句型各两遍，并为每个句型造一个句子。 2.进阶作业：写一篇80-100词的短文介绍你的家乡或你喜欢的地方，至少正确使用五个包含“it”的句子（至少涵盖两种不同用法）。 3.拓展作业：录制一段1分钟的音频描述一次梦想之旅，自然使用本课语法项目。 Unit 1 A world of cultures Grammar - Using "it" 1. As a pronoun: - Animals, plants, things: The panda... It is cute. - Time, weather, distance: It's 6 km. It's cold. It's 9 a.m. - Unknown person/action: It was Grace. It was wonderful. 2. As a formal subject/object: - It is + adj. + to do sth.: It is amazing to see it. - It takes sb. time to do sth.: It took me long to get used to... - ... find it + adj. + to do sth.: I find it difficult to... 3. Key sentences: - It is well worth visiting! - It is kind of them to... 感 谢 观 看 $