内容正文:
人教版八年级上册 Unit 4
Amazing Plants and Animals 写作指导清单
教材任务 · 重难点突破 · 范文赏析 · 迁移训练
这份清单紧扣新版教材八上 Unit 4 Amazing Plants and Animals 的语篇和写作任务编写。本单元语言核心是形容词和副词的最高级,Section B 的阅读语篇是蓝鲸(the blue whale),3c 要求把课文第二人称段落改写成第一人称介绍,Project 要求做一张介绍某种动植物的海报。写作指导就围绕"用最高级把一种动植物的特点说清楚、结尾落到保护"展开。建议先看教材任务,再练句型,最后对照范文和迁移训练自查。
一、教材写作任务再现
课本 Section B 3a 读了蓝鲸介绍,3c 要求以蓝鲸的口吻改写;Project 要求小组合作做一张介绍某种动植物的海报。本单元写作任务由此而来:
任务:介绍一种你喜欢的或令你惊叹的动植物(如蓝鲸、熊猫、向日葵等),也可以以它的第一人称来写。
要点:1. 它是什么、住在哪里;2. 它的外形、食物、寿命等"神奇"之处;3. 它对自然/人类的重要性,以及我们要保护它。
体裁:说明文;人称:第三人称介绍为主,也可用第一人称;词数:80—100词。
教材范文:Section B 3a The Blue Whale(最大最重、200吨、除北冰洋外各大洋、每天吃约4吨磷虾、寿命可达90年、死后成为海洋生态系统的食物)。
二、本单元重难点突破
(一)核心语法:形容词、副词最高级
本单元写作的灵魂是用最高级描述动植物"之最":the + -est / the most…,三者以上相比;"one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词"表示"最……之一"。写介绍类说明文时,最高级一上来就抓住读者。
课文原句迁移表
功能
课文原句
写作中怎么用
点出"之最"
The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on the earth.
开头点出这种动植物的最突出特点
最……之一
It is one of the most beautiful things to see.
写它受欢迎/美丽
写大小重量
It can weigh as much as 200 tons. / It can eat around four tons a day.
用具体数据写神奇之处
写分布
Blue whales live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean.
写它住在哪里
写寿命
Blue whales can live up to 90 years.
写寿命(live up to)
写作用与保护
It plays an important role in our world, so we must protect them.
结尾点出保护
(二)易错点提醒
1. 最高级前一般加 the:the largest animal(不说 a largest animal);one of the most beautiful 后接复数名词。
2. 比较三者及以上才用最高级;两者相比仍用比较级。
3. 介绍动植物别只写"it is cute / big",要用课文里的具体数据(重量、食物、寿命)撑起文章。
三、课文语料迁移(可直接搬进作文)
分类
课文短语
外形与大小
the largest, the heaviest, weigh as much as, up to 90 years, as heavy as 200 tons
住在哪里
live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean, grow in sunny fields
吃什么
feed on, around four tons a day, mainly eat bamboo
神奇与作用
play an important role in, create a lively and healthy ecosystem, one of the most beautiful animals
保护
endangered, must protect, do something to protect, in the wild
四、范文与亮点解析
范文一:The Blue Whale(课文语料改写)
The Blue Whale
The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on the earth. It can weigh as much as 200 tons.
Blue whales live in all oceans except the Arctic Ocean. They are one of the most beautiful animals to watch. They eat a lot, but they feed on some of the tiniest animals in the ocean, about four tons a day. They can live up to 90 years.
When a blue whale dies at sea, it becomes food for many other animals. It plays an important role in the ocean ecosystem. So we must protect them.
亮点解析
文中句子
用到的本单元知识
the largest and heaviest animal on the earth
最高级开头,点出蓝鲸之最
one of the most beautiful animals to watch
one of the + 最高级 + 复数
live up to 90 years / plays an important role / must protect them
课文短语,写寿命、作用与保护
范文二:My Favourite Animal(熊猫)
My Favourite Animal
My favourite animal is the panda. It is one of the most lovely animals in the world.
Pandas mainly live in Sichuan, China. They have black and white fur, and they spend most of the time eating bamboo. A panda can eat more than ten kilos of bamboo a day. They are not the biggest animals, but they are the most popular with children.
Now pandas are endangered. There are not many pandas left in the wild. I think we must do something to protect them, so that our children can still see this lovely animal.
亮点解析
文中句子
用到的本单元知识
one of the most lovely animals in the world
one of the + 最高级 + 复数
the most popular with children
最高级
endangered / in the wild / must do something to protect them
保护主题词,结尾升华
五、迁移运用(用最高级写句子)
1. 蓝鲸是地球上最大、最重的动物。(最高级)
2. 熊猫是世界上最受欢迎的动物之一。(用 one of the + 最高级 + 复数)
3. 这种树能长到 10 米高。(用 live / grow up to)
参考答案
1. The blue whale is the largest and heaviest animal on the earth.
2. The panda is one of the most popular animals in the world.
3. This kind of tree can grow up to ten metres tall.
六、写作要点速记
项目
要点
话题
介绍一种令你惊叹的动植物
结构
点出"之最" → 外形/住处/食物/寿命(数据)→ 它的作用 → 保护呼吁
时态
一般现在时为主
要素
是什么 + 神奇之处 + 为什么重要 + 怎么保护
语法
最高级 the -est / the most;one of the + 最高级 + 复数;as much as / up to
细节
用具体数据(重量、食量、寿命)代替空泛的"big / amazing"
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