Unit 3 To be a good learner副词的比较级与最高级和反身代词（核心语法精练）-【简语法-单元核心语法精练】英语八年级上册（译林版）

该初中英语单元学习任务单以“To be a good learner”为主题，聚焦副词比较级、最高级及反身代词核心语法，通过“核心语法回顾-专项能力突破-解题综合提升”三阶设计，结合配套思维导图梳理规则变化、常用句型等知识框架，构建从基础认知到综合应用的连贯学习路径。 亮点在于“成为高效学习者”主题探究任务，如完形填空通过“记忆方法”“学习习惯”等语篇训练语法应用，单句填空、句子转换等题型强化语言能力，培养学生分析问题的思维品质。资料覆盖多样题型与使用注意事项，为教师实施单元系统复习提供全面支撑，助力学生夯实语法基础并提升语言综合运用能力。

单元核心语法精练 Unit 3 To be a good learner （新教材译林版） （副词的比较级与最高级和反身代词） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 本单元学习副词的比较级与最高级，以及反身代词的用法。副词比较级常加more或-er，最高级加most或-est；反身代词如myself、himself等，常与by、enjoy等搭配，须与主语保持人称和数的一致。 语法模块 具体内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一、副词的比较级与最高级 规则变化 单音节副词加 -er/-est；多音节副词前加 more/most。 fast→faster→fastest；carefully→more carefully 不规则变化 well→better→best；badly→worse→worst；much→more→most。 well→better→best 基本用法 副词比较级修饰动词，常与 than 连用；最高级前可加 the，修饰“最……”的动作。 He runs faster than me. 常用句型 “越来越……”用 比较级+and+比较级；“越……越……”用 the+比较级…, the+比较级…。 faster and faster 二、反身代词 构成 反身代词由“形容词性物主代词 + self/selves”构成，如 myself、themselves。 himself；ourselves by oneself 表示“独自、亲自”，by 后接反身代词。 by himself；by themselves enjoy oneself 表示“玩得开心”，enjoy 后接反身代词。 enjoy themselves help/teach oneself help oneself to 表示“随便吃/取”；teach oneself 表示“自学”。 teach herself 使用注意事项 1. 副词比较级：单音节副词加 -er，多音节副词前加 more；最高级加 -est 或 most。 2. 不规则副词须记忆：well→better→best；badly→worse→worst；much→more→most；little→less→least。 3. 副词比较级修饰动词，常与 than 连用；最高级前可加 the，如 run the fastest。 4. 反身代词由“形容词性物主代词 + self/selves”构成：myself、yourself、himself、herself、itself、ourselves、yourselves、themselves。 5. by oneself 表示“独自/亲自”；enjoy oneself 表示“玩得开心”；help oneself to 表示“随便吃”。 6. teach oneself 表示“自学”；反身代词须与主语人称、数保持一致。 一、单项选择 1．He runs ________ than any other student in his class. A．fast B．fastest C．the fastest D．faster 【答案】D 【详解】句意：他比班里其他任何学生都跑得快。than 提示比较级，fast 比较级 faster。故选 D。 2．She sang ________ of all the singers at the party last night. A．well B．the best C．better D．best 【答案】B 【详解】句意：昨晚聚会上所有歌手中她唱得最好。of all 表范围用最高级，well 副词最高级 the best。故选 B。 3．The boy can look after ________ when his parents are out on business. A．himself B．him C．his D．he 【答案】A 【详解】句意：父母出差时这个男孩能照顾自己。look after 后接反身代词 himself。故选 A。 4．They enjoyed ________ at the beach yesterday and took many photos. A．them B．their C．themselves D．they 【答案】C 【详解】句意：昨天他们在海滩玩得很开心，拍了许多照片。enjoy 后接反身代词 themselves。故选 C。 5．My little sister is old enough to dress ________ every morning. A．her B．herself C．she D．hers 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我妹妹够大了，每天早上能自己穿衣。dress 后接反身代词 herself。故选 B。 6．Tom drove ________ than usual, so he arrived at school late. A．careful B．carefully C．most carefully D．more carefully 【答案】D 【详解】句意：汤姆比平时开得更快，所以到校迟了。than 提示副词比较级，carefully 多音节用 more carefully。故选 D。 7．Help ________ to some fish, children; it is fresh and tasty. A．yourselves B．you C．your D．yourself 【答案】A 【详解】句意：孩子们，随便吃些鱼，又鲜又好吃。children 为复数，help 后接 yourselves。故选 A。 8．He taught ________ English by listening to English tapes every day. A．him B．his C．himself D．he 【答案】C 【详解】句意：他每天听英语磁带自学英语。teach 后接反身代词 himself。故选 C。 9．Of the three, Lucy did the work ________ and won the prize. A．most carefully B．careful C．more careful D．carefully 【答案】A 【详解】句意：三人中露西把工作做得最认真，得了奖。of the three 表范围用副词最高级，carefully 最高级 most carefully。故选 A。 10．The baby is only one year old, but it can feed ________ now. A．it B．itself C．its D．it's 【答案】B 【详解】句意：宝宝才一岁，但现在能自己吃饭了。feed 后接反身代词 itself。故选 B。 二、单句语法填空：在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给词的适当形式填空 1．He finished the work ________ (quick) than I did yesterday. 【答案】more quickly 【详解】句意：他昨天比我更快完成了工作。than 提示副词比较级，quickly 多音节用 more quickly。 2．She can take care of ________ (she) when she is alone at home. 【答案】herself 【详解】句意：她独自在家时能照顾自己。take care of 后接反身代词 herself。 3．They enjoyed ________ (they) at the school trip to the museum. 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：他们在博物馆校外旅行中玩得很开心。enjoy 后接反身代词 themselves。 4．The old man lives by ________ (he) in the quiet village. 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：这位老人独自住在安静的村庄。by 后接反身代词 himself。 5．Tom did ________ (bad) in the exam of all the students in his grade. 【答案】worst 【详解】句意：汤姆在年级所有学生中考得最差。of all 表范围用副词最高级，badly 最高级 worst。 6．We should help ________ (we) to the fruits on the table, please. 【答案】ourselves 【详解】句意：我们随便吃桌上的水果吧。help 后接反身代词 ourselves。 7．He runs ________ (fast) of the three boys in the race. 【答案】fastest 【详解】句意：三个男孩赛跑中他跑得最快。of the three 表范围用副词最高级 fastest。 8．My brother taught ________ (he) to swim last summer holiday. 【答案】himself 【详解】句意：我哥哥去年暑假自学了游泳。teach 后接反身代词 himself。 9．She sang even ________ (beautiful) than before at the concert. 【答案】more beautifully 【详解】句意：音乐会上她唱得比以往更优美。than 提示副词比较级，beautifully 多音节用 more beautifully。 10．The children dressed ________ (they) and went out to play. 【答案】themselves 【详解】句意：孩子们自己穿好衣服出去玩了。dress 后接反身代词 themselves。 三、按要求完成句子 1．他比班里其他任何学生都跑得快。 He runs ________ ________ any other student in his class. 【答案】faster than 【详解】句意：他比班里其他任何学生都跑得快。fast 比较级 faster，后接 than。 2．那个男孩能独自完成作业。 The boy can finish his homework ________ ________ . 【答案】by himself 【详解】句意：那个男孩能独自完成作业。“独自”用 by himself。 3．孩子们在聚会上玩得很开心。 The children ________ ________ ________ at the party. 【答案】enjoyed themselves 【详解】句意：孩子们在聚会上玩得很开心。“玩得开心” enjoy oneself，children 用 themselves。 4．她唱得比她姐姐好得多。 She sings ________ ________ ________ her sister. 【答案】much better than 【详解】句意：她唱得比她姐姐好得多。well 比较级 better，“好得多” much better than。 5．这位老人独自住在乡下。 The old man lives ________ ________ in the countryside. 【答案】by himself 【详解】句意：这位老人独自住在乡下。“独自” by himself。 6．He learns English by himself.（改为同义句） He ________ ________ English. 【答案】teaches himself 【详解】句意：他自学英语。learn by oneself 同义转换为 teach oneself。 7．They enjoyed themselves at the park.（改为否定句） They ________ ________ ________ at the park. 【答案】didn't enjoy themselves 【详解】句意：他们在公园玩得不开心。原句过去时，否定用 didn't enjoy themselves。 8．The boy can look after himself.（对划线部分提问：划线 himself） ________ can the boy look after? 【答案】Who 【详解】句意：这个男孩能照顾自己。对宾语“谁”提问用 Who。 9．She did the work most carefully of the three.（改为比较级同义句） She did the work ________ ________ the other two. 【答案】more carefully than 【详解】句意：三人中她工作最认真。改为比较级同义句用 more carefully than the other two。 10．Tom learned to ride a bike by himself.（改为同义句） Tom ________ ________ to ride a bike. 【答案】taught himself 【详解】句意：汤姆自学了骑自行车。learn by oneself 同义转换为 teach oneself。 四、完形填空 Passage 1 根据文章内容在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As an English learner, you may come across many new words every week. Are you having a hard time 1 all of them? Well, perhaps you can try out the Method of Loci. “Loci” means “locations” in Latin. When you use this method, you 2 a place in your mind, like your house or school. You then put words or numbers in different places inside it. As you walk through this place in your mind, you can recall all the 3 you put there. Why does it work? Because people are better at remembering 4 than words or lists. You can try remembering π (3.141592653) using the Method of Loci. The first 5 is to imagine a home. The house number is 314. On the doorstep, there is one box. You pick it up and find that it has come from your 59-year-old uncle. Now, you open the door. There, you see 6 welcome mats (门垫). Six pairs of shoes have been placed on them. On the wall, there are five pegs (挂钩) with three coats hanging off them. What about a long 7 ? You can imagine where each thing goes inside your fridge. When you go shopping, just “look” inside your “ 8 ” and take what you need. World record holders in memory competitions often say that anyone can 9 and use the Method of Loci and become a “memory master”. Are you 10 to try this method? Find out whether it can help you remember all the new words in your textbook! 1．A．pronouncing B．remembering C．translating D．understanding 2．A．believe B．create C．fight D．invent 3．A．events B．information C．news D．tools 4．A．details B．facts C．names D．places 5．A．case B．mistake C．rule D．step 6．A．two B．three C．four D．five 7．A．email address B．phone number C．shopping list D．word list 8．A．car B．hand C．mind D．kitchen 9．A．learn B．suggest C．finish D．decide 10．A．able B．afraid C．ready D．used 【答案】 1．B 2．B 3．B 4．D 5．D 6．A 7．C 8．C 9．A 10．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种名为“位置记忆法”的记忆技巧。通过在脑海中想象熟悉的地点，并将需要记忆的信息放置其中，能帮助人们轻松记住单词、数字或购物清单等。 【详解】1．句意：你是否很难记住它们？ 根据后文介绍的“位置记忆法”可知，此处讨论的是记忆生词的困难，可知remembering表示“记住”符合语境。pronouncing发音，translating翻译，understanding理解，均不符合主题。 2．句意：当你使用这种方法时，你在脑海中创造一个地方，比如你的家或学校。 根据“a place in your mind”可知，是在脑海中构建或想象出一个地方，create表示“创造”符合语境。believe相信，fight抗争，invent发明（多指发明实物、机器，不搭配虚拟空间），均不匹配。 3．句意：当你在脑海中走过这个地方时，你可以回想起你放在那里的所有信息。 根据前文“put words or numbers”可知，单词或数字属于信息（information），可知information符合语境。其他选项不能准确概括单词和数字。 4．句意：因为人们更擅长记住地点而不是单词或列表。 根据前文“‘Loci’ means ‘locations’”以及在脑海中想象一个地方的做法，可知这种方法有效是因为人们对地点记忆更深刻。places表示“地点”符合句意。events事件，news新闻，tools工具符，与“位置记忆法”的核心原理无关。 5．句意：第一步是想象一个家。 根据后文详细描述的想象过程，可知这里是在介绍使用该记忆法的第一步，step表示“步骤”符合语境。case案例，mistake错误，rule规则，不符合介绍操作流程的语境。 6．句意：在那里，你看到两块迎宾地毯。 根据前文“remembering π（3.141592653）”以及已经出现的数字314、1、59，可知接下来的数字应该是two，对应两块地毯。three，four，five不符合圆周率的数字顺序。 7．句意：一份长长的购物清单怎么样？ 根据后文“When you go shopping”可知，此处举例的是去购物时需要记住的购物清单。shopping list表示“购物清单”符合句意。email address邮箱地址，phone number手机号，word list单词表，不匹配购物场景。 8．句意：当你去购物时，只需“看”一下你的“脑海”并拿走你需要的东西。 根据前文“in your mind”可知，这种记忆法是在脑海中进行的，所以购物时是回想脑海中的画面。mind表示“脑海”符合句意。car汽车，hand手，kitchen厨房，逻辑不连贯。 9．句意：记忆比赛的世界纪录保持者经常说，任何人都可以学习并使用位置记忆法，成为“记忆高手”。 根据语境，这种记忆方法是任何人都可以去学习和掌握的，learn表示“学习”符合语境。suggest建议，finish完成，decide决定，无法搭配方法。 10．句意：你准备好尝试这种方法了吗？ 根据后文“Find out whether it can help you...”可知，作者是在鼓励读者去尝试，固定搭配be ready to do sth.（准备好做某事）符合语境。ready表示“准备好的”符合用法。be able to do能够做（前面已有 can，重复冲突），afraid 害怕，used习惯，语义不符。 Passage 2 根据短文内容，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Are you good with your hands? Many of us like to make things which we can use or give as gifts. Crafting is surely a 1 that’s becoming more and more popular. And those loving it say getting creative 2 their mood. Especially 3 winter days, the long and cold season makes it difficult to do activities outside. This gives people 4 to try out new activities. 5 before it became popular, people were turning to arts and crafts to kill time. Some were making a 6 of pocket money from crafting. Lots of websites allowed people to sell their handmade goods. And now the Internet becomes a place for people to get started with their crafting projects. Richard Sennett, the author of the Craftsman, told the BBC: “A lot of people are finding their day jobs 7 , but learning a craft provides great fun. ” Many people are enjoying designing and making things just for pleasure. And there is evidence that it’s good for us as well. According to the research by BBC Arts, 8 of the time spent on a creative pastime such as painting or crafting is helpful to our emotions. A survey found that being creative helps people to avoid stress and 9 anxiety. So, if you are bored with jobs or life and are 10 fun activities, maybe now’s the time to get creative. 1．A．job B．hobby C．skill D．habit 2．A．changes B．protects C．improves D．creates 3．A．on B．in C．at D．for 4．A．time B．money C．energy D．luck 5．A．Still B．Once C．Though D．Even 6．A．lots B．bit C．group D．number 7．A．interesting B．exciting C．surprising D．boring 8．A．longest B．most C．shortest D．best 9．A．reduce B．give C．develop D．keep 10．A．looking for B．looking at C．looking back D．looking after 【答案】 1．B 2．C 3．A 4．A 5．D 6．B 7．D 8．B 9．A 10．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了手工制作作为一种爱好越来越流行，它能改善情绪、缓解压力，甚至有益健康，鼓励人们参与创意活动。 【详解】1．句意：手工制作肯定是一种越来越流行的爱好。 根据“becoming more and more popular”及上文“like to make things”可知，这是一种休闲活动。结合语境，手工制作被视为一种“爱好”。 hobby意为“爱好”，符合语境。job“工作”；skill“技能”；habit“习惯”，均不符合。 2．句意：喜爱手工制作的人们说，进行创意创作能够改善他们的情绪。 根据下文“and there is evidence that it’s good for us as well”可知创意活动对情绪有积极作用。improve意为“改善”，improve mood意为“改善情绪”。change“改变”；protect“保护”；create“创造”，均不符合。 3．句意：尤其是在冬日里，漫长寒冷的季节让人们很难开展户外活动。 根据“winter days”可知，带有修饰限定的日子前面用介词on。on winter days意为“在冬日里”。in用于泛指季节；at用于具体时刻；for表持续时长，均不符合。 4．句意：这给了人们时间去尝试新的活动。 根据上文“the long and cold season makes it difficult to do activities outside”可知，冬天不便外出，人们拥有空闲时间尝试手工。time意为“时间”。money“金钱”；energy“精力”；luck“运气”，均不符合。 5．句意：甚至在手工制作流行起来之前，人们就开始从事艺术和手工来消磨时间。 根据“before it became popular”可知，此处进行递进强调，说明手工活动由来已久。even意为“甚至”表强调。still“仍然”；once“一旦”；though“虽然”，均不符合。 6．句意：有些人依靠手工制作赚取一点零花钱。 根据“pocket money”以及空前冠词a可知，此处使用固定搭配a bit of，意为“一点”，修饰不可数名词money。bit符合要求。lots不能与a连用；group“组”；number“数量”，均不符合。 7．句意：很多人发现自己的日常工作很枯燥，但是学习一门手艺能带来巨大乐趣。 根据转折连词but后“provides great fun”可知，前后语义相反，日常工作是无趣的。boring意为“无聊的”。interesting“有趣的”；exciting“令人兴奋的”；surprising“令人惊讶的”，均不符合。 8．句意：根据英国广播公司艺术频道的研究，人们投入绘画、手工这类创意消遣活动中的大部分时间，都有益于我们的情绪。 most意为“大部分的”，“most of the time”意为“大部分时间”，强调创意活动在开展过程中普遍能够给情绪带来积极作用。longest“最长的”；shortest“最短的”；best“最好的”，均不符合语境。 9．句意：一项调查发现，进行创意活动帮助人们规避压力、缓解焦虑。 结合“avoid stress”可知创意活动带来身心方面的益处，此处表达摆脱不良情绪。reduce意为“减少、缓解”，reduce anxiety意为“缓解焦虑”。give“给予”；develop“培养”；keep“保持”，均不符合。 10．句意：所以如果你厌倦了工作或是生活，正在寻找有趣的活动，或许现在就可以发挥创意动手制作。 根据“if you are bored with jobs or life, maybe now’s the time to get creative”可知，人们正主动寻找趣味活动。looking for意为 “寻找”，符合。looking at“观看”；looking back“回顾”；looking after“照顾”，均不符合。    Passage 3 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 What makes a good learner? Different people have different ideas. A good learner always wants to know more and stays curious 1 new things. Good learners know how to teach 2 . They do not only wait for teachers’ help. When they meet difficult problems, they try to work them out by 3 first. They also have good learning habits. They read English aloud every morning to practise pronunciation. They repeat sentences and take notes so that they won’t 4 behind others. They know the 5 carefully they study, the greater progress they will make. Many learners feel worried about making mistakes. In fact, mistakes can help us learn. Don’t be shy when you speak. Try to have short conversations 6 partners. You can translate simple sentences and check spelling again and again. If you want to learn well, find suitable ways for yourself. Some people learn better by listening; others learn better by reading. There is no single way that works for 7 . Being a good learner is a lifelong journey. It cannot finish in a short time. Sometimes you may feel tired and want to give up. However, keep trying. You will find your own secret to 8 . You should also talk about your learning plans with friends. They can give you useful suggestions. 9 your plans often and make small changes when you need to. I hope everyone can find proper learning ways and turn 10 into excellent learners. 1．A．with B．about C．for D．to 2．A．themselves B．them C．their D．they 3．A．him B．himself C．them D．themselves 4．A．stay B．fall C．keep D．get 5．A．much B．more C．most D．many 6．A．without B．among C．with D．between 7．A．everybody B．nobody C．somebody D．anybody 8．A．succeed B．success C．successful D．successfully 9．A．Repeat B．Practise C．Check D．Invent 10．A．you B．your C．yourself D．yours 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．B 5．B 6．C 7．A 8．B 9．C 10．C 【导语】本文介绍了成为一名优秀学习者的方法，包括保持好奇心、自主学习、养成良好习惯、不怕犯错、找到适合自己的学习方式以及坚持努力等。 【详解】1．句意：一个好的学习者总是想要知道更多并且对新事物保持好奇. 根据上下文可知，固定搭配“be curious about”意为“对……好奇”，“about”符合语境；“with”和……一起、“for”为了、“to”到；向，均不符合该搭配的语义要求。 2．句意：好的学习者知道如何自学。 根据上下文可知，此处表达好的学习者知道自己教自己，即自学，要用反身代词，主语是“Good learners”，对应的反身代词是“themselves”；“them”是宾格，“their”是形容词性物主代词，“they”是主格，都不能表达“自学”的意思。 3．句意：当他们遇到难题时，他们首先尝试自己解决它们。 根据上下文可知，主语是“they”，对应的反身代词是“themselves”，符合语境；“him”他，宾格、“himself”他自己，单数反身代词、“them”他们，宾格，都不符合主语“they”对应的反身代词要求。 4．句意：他们重复句子并且做笔记以便他们不会落后于其他人。 根据上下文可知，固定短语“fall behind”，“fall”符合该短语的搭配；“stay”停留、“keep”保持、“get”得到，都不能和“behind”构成表示“落后”的短语。 5．句意：他们知道他们学习得越认真，他们就会取得越大的进步。 根据上下文可知，“the + 比较级，the+比较级”意为“越……，就越……”的结构，“carefully”的比较级形式是“more carefully”，所以这里用“more”；“much”许多，修饰不可数名词或形容词、副词比较级、“most”最，最高级、“many”许多，修饰可数名词复数，都不符合该结构的要求。 6．句意：尝试和你的伙伴进行简短的对话。 根据上下文可知，此处表达和伙伴对话，“with”意为“和……一起”，符合语境；“without”没有、“among”在……之中，三者或三者以上之间、“between”在……之间，两者之间“，都不符合“和伙伴对话”的语义要求。 7．句意：没有一种单一的方法适用于所有人。 根据上下文可知，此处表达不存在对所有人都适用的学习方法，“everybody”意为“所有人”，符合语境；“nobody”没有人、“somebody”某人、“anybody”任何人，均不符合语义要求 8．句意：你会找到你自己成功的秘诀。 根据上下文可知，此处“to”是介词，后面接名词，“success”意为“成功，名词”，符合语法要求；“succeed”成功，动词、“successful”成功的，形容词、“successfully”成功地，副词，都不能作介词“to”的宾语。 9．句意：经常检查你的计划并且在需要的时候做一些小的改变。 根据上下文可知，此处表达要经常查看、检查自己的计划，“Check”意为“检查”，符合语境；“Repeat”重复、“Practise”练习、“Invent”发明，都不符合“对待计划”的语义要求。 10．句意：我希望每个人都能找到合适的学习方法并且把你自己变成优秀的学习者。 根据上下文可知，此处表达把“你自己”变成优秀学习者，要用反身代词“yourself”；“you”你，主格或宾格、“your”你的，形容词性物主代词、“yours”你的，名词性物主代词，都不能表达“你自己”的意思。 五、短文填空 Passage 4 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入一个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Learning English is not an easy job. Almost every student sometimes 1 (ask) questions like these: Can I really learn English well? Can I really learn it well enough 2 (talk) with others? The answer is yes. From some studies, we know that almost anyone can learn foreign languages well if he 3 she wants to. Some people might learn it 4 (fast) and some might learn it slower. Some might learn it very 5 (easy) and some with difficulty. But anyone can learn it well if he or she has the right ways. Many students have their own special ways in 6 (learn) English. The following are some examples. Wang Hui gets up early every morning and the first thing she does is listening to 7 English radio program (节目). This has really helped improve her English in listening. Lin Tao often practices speaking English 8 class. At first he was very nervous when he was asked to speak. After trying several times, he found it was not as 9 (difficult) as he thought. Now he is more active and now he speaks English best of all his 10 (classmate). 【答案】 1．asks 2．to talk 3．or 4．faster 5．easily 6．learning 7．an 8．in 9．difficult 10．classmates 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了学习英语的方法和重要性，并通过两位学生的例子说明如何有效学习英语。 【详解】1．句意：几乎每个学生有时都会问这样的问题：我真的能把英语学好吗？主语“every student”是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用三单形式“asks”。故填asks。 2．句意：我真的能学好英语并和别人交流吗？“enough to do”是固定搭配，表示“足够……去做某事”。故填to talk。 3．句意：从一些研究中，我们得知如果他或她愿意，几乎任何人都能学好外语。he和she是选择关系，or“或者”。故填or。 4．句意：有些人可能学得更快，有些人可能学得更慢。根据后文“slower”可知此处用比较级“faster”。故填faster。 5．句意：有些人学得很容易，有些人学得很困难。修饰动词“learn”需用副词“easily”。故填easily。 6．句意：许多学生在学习英语方面有自己的特殊方法。介词“in”后接动名词“learning”。故填learning。 7．句意：王慧每天早起第一件事就是收听英语广播节目。“English radio program”以元音音素开头，需用“an”。故填an。 8．句意：林涛经常在课堂上练习说英语。“in class”是固定搭配，表示“在课堂上”。故填in。 9．句意：在试了几次后，他发现这并不像他想象的那么难。“as…as”结构中用形容词原级“difficult”。故填difficult。 10．句意：现在他表现更加积极，他在所有同学中说英语最好。“classmate”是可数名词，根据“all”需用复数形式“classmates”。故填classmates。 Passage 5 阅读下面的材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于三个单词。 Dear David, I’m glad to hear from you. Thank you for 1 (trust) me and sharing your problem with me. I’m sorry to hear that you didn’t do well in your math exam last term 2 you made many careless mistakes. As a result, your parents got very 3 (anger) and scolded (训斥) you. You must have been upset and maybe even felt that they didn’t love you any more. In fact, I had 4 same experience as you when I was in my primary school. I once did very 5 (bad) in my English exam and my parents scolded me, too. They even warned (警告) me that they wouldn’t let me go out to play 6 (unless) I could do well in the next exam. At that time, I really didn’t know what to do, so I went to ask my English teacher 7 advice. She asked me to have a talk with my parents and promise that I would work hard and be 8 (care) in the next exam. I did as my English teacher told me. To my surprise, my parents were 9 (understand). Why don’t you try and do as I did? I’m sure your parents will be thankful that you talk with them and the three of you will be happier for it. I hope this advice will help you 10 (solve) your problem as soon as possible. I’m looking forward to your good news. Yours, Mike 【答案】 1．trusting 2．because 3．angry 4．the 5．badly 6．unless 7．for 8．careful 9．understanding 10．solve/to solve 【导语】本文是Mike写给David的一封信，他听说David上次数学考试没考好，因为他犯了许多粗心的错误，结果他的父母很生气并责骂了他，他为此感到很难过，于是写信向Mike寻求建议，Mike结合自己的经历给了他一些建议，告诉他与父母交流并承诺下次考试会努力、细心，父母会理解的，Mike希望这些建议能帮助David尽快解决问题。 【详解】1．句意：感谢你信任我，并与我分享你的问题。thank you for doing sth.“感谢你做某事”，for是介词，后接动名词作宾语，trust的动名词是trusting。故填trusting。 2．句意：很遗憾听到你上学期数学考试没考好是因为你犯了很多粗心的错误。根据“you didn’t do well in your math exam last term”以及“you made many careless mistakes.”可知，上次数学考试没考好是因为犯了许多粗心的错误，两者是因果关系，所以用because引导原因状语从句。故填because。 3．句意：结果，你的父母非常生气，并且训斥了你。根据“your parents got very … (anger)”可知，句中angry表示“生气的”，形容词作表语，get angry“变得生气”。故填angry。 4．句意：事实上，我在小学时也有过和你一样的经历。根据“I had …  same experience as you”可知，句中same表示“相同的”，常与定冠词the连用。故填the。 5．句意：我曾经在英语考试中考得非常差，我的父母也责骂了我。根据“I once did very … (bad) in my English exam”可知，此处应填bad的副词形式badly“差地”修饰动词短语did，在句中作状语。故填badly。 6．句意：他们甚至警告我，如果我下次考试考不好，就不让我出去玩。根据“they wouldn’t let me go out to play … (unless) I could do well in the next exam.”可知，此处用unless引导条件状语从句。故填unless。 7．句意：当时，我真的不知道该怎么办，所以我去请我的英语老师给我一些建议。根据“so I went to ask my English teacher… advice.”可知，固定短语ask sb. for sth.表示“向某人寻求某物”。故填 for。 8．句意：她让我和父母谈谈，并承诺我会努力学习，下次考试会细心。根据“be … (care) in the next exam.”可知，此处应填care的形容词形式careful“细心的”，形容词作表语。故填careful。 9．句意：令我惊讶的是，我的父母很理解。根据“my parents were … (understand).”可知，此处应填understanding“能够理解的”，形容词作表语。故填understanding。 10．句意：我希望这些建议能帮助你尽快解决问题。help sb. (to) do sth. “帮助某人做某事”，固定短语。故填solve/to solve。 Passage 6 阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。有提示词的空格不限一词，无提示词的空格限填一词。 Students usually speak Putonghua both at home and school. However, some students from a primary school in Hunan have chosen to learn the local dialect in the classroom. According to China Daily, the dialect course was offered on Friday afternoon in 1 after-school service class. And teachers from universities 2 (come) to guide these students. Besides listening, speaking, reading and writing, students can learn about the sayings, nursery rhymes (童谣), figures of speech (修辞手法) and culture 3 the dialect, according to Luo Xinru, one of the teachers from a related college. “It’s 4 (mean) to the children when they grow up,” she said. “As the country starts spreading Putonghua, many young locals do not know how to speak local dialects. Some old people still have difficulty 5 (make) the young understand them. To solve this, we should encourage students 6 (speak) dialects. 7 kids visit their grandparents, they can chat more 8 (close), instead of feeling distant because of language problems. What’s more, dialects are actually a simple way to show the traditional culture, helping children 9 (well) understand the local history than before. As a result, the country has started to protect different language resources in recent years,” she said. Ms. Luo believes that spreading the use of Putonghua and dialects is not contradictory (相互矛盾的). “ 10 (protect) of dialects is a future trend (趋势), and the languages can carry different cultures and values. They should not, and will not, disappear,” she said. We hope that more young people will love and learn their local dialects in the future. 【答案】 1．an 2．came 3．of 4．meaningful 5．making 6．to speak 7．When/If 8．closely 9．better 10．Protection 【导语】本文主要介绍了湖南一所小学在课后服务中开设了方言课，由大学老师指导。学生学习方言的听说读写及童谣、修辞等文化内容。这有助于年轻人和老人沟通，增进亲情，帮助孩子更好理解当地历史。推广普通话和保护方言并不矛盾，保护方言是未来趋势。 【详解】1．句意：据《中国日报》报道，这门方言课程是在周五下午的课后服务课中开设的。此处泛指“一门课后服务课程”，after-school以元音音素开头，填不定冠词an。 2．句意：大学老师前来指导学生。前文描述课程开设用一般过去时，并列谓语时态一致，come的过去式为came。 3．句意：学生还可以学习方言中的俗语、童谣、修辞手法和文化。此处表示所属关系，指“方言的文化”，填介词of。 4．句意：“等孩子们长大了，这很有意义，”她说。be动词后用形容词作表语，mean的形容词meaningful表示“有意义的”，符合语境。 5．句意：一些老年人仍然难以让年轻人听懂他们的话。固定搭配have difficulty (in) doing sth. 表示“做某事有困难”，填make的动名词making。 6．句意：为了解决这个问题，我们应该鼓励学生说方言。固定搭配encourage sb. to do sth. 表示“鼓励某人做某事”，用to speak。 7．句意：当孩子们去看望祖父母时/如果孩子们去看望祖父母。引导时间状语从句，表示“当孩子看望祖父母时”，句首首字母大写，填When；也可用If引导条件状语从句，表示“如果孩子们去看望祖父母”，两种逻辑都通顺。 8．句意：他们可以更亲密地聊天。修饰动词chat需要副词，closely表示抽象含义“亲密地”，符合聊天更亲密的语境。 9．句意：更重要的是，方言其实是一种展示传统文化的简单方式，能够帮助孩子们比以前更好地了解当地历史。根据空后than可知此处用比较级，well的比较级为better，表示“更好地”。 10．句意：保护方言是未来的趋势，语言可以承载不同的文化和价值观。此处作句子主语，用protect的名词形式protection，指方言的保护，且句首首字母需大写。 六、选词填空 Passage 7 根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语，并用其正确形式填空，并将单词或短语填写在答题卡对应的横线上，每个词或短语只能用一次。 brave    conversation    pay attention to    be afraid of    well simply    for example    use    speak    pronounce Learning English is very important and full of fun. It helps us have 1 with people from different countries. It opens a door to the world for us. So, how can we learn English? Let me tell you some easy tips First, we can start by learning 2 words and sentences. Be careful while writing and 3 your spelling. Second, reading English books and watching English movies are also 4 ways for us to learn English well. Also, when we’re free, we’d better listen to an English radio program and learn to sing an English song. It’s good for us to repeat each sentence. Then, we can join some English clubs to practise our spoken English. The more we practise, the 5 our speaking skills will be. 6 , we can talk with other members in English as often as possible. Remember, don’t 7 making mistakes. And don’t be shy when 8 English. Always speak loudly and 9 when you talk with others. In this way, we can make our 10 better. Slowly, our English language skills will improve. By following these learning tips, we are sure to make great progress in learning English. 【答案】 1．conversations 2．simple 3．pay attention to 4．useful 5．better 6．For example 7．be afraid of 8．speaking 9．bravely 10．pronunciation 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了学习英语的重要性，并给出学习英语的实用建议，帮助读者提升英语技能。 【详解】1．句意：它帮助我们与来自不同国家的人进行交流。“have conversations with sb.”为固定搭配，表示“与某人交流”，应用名词“conversations”。 2．句意：我们可以从学习简单的单词和句子开始。空格修饰名词“words and sentences”，需形容词，表示“简单的”，应用simply的形容词形式“simple”。 3．句意：写作时要小心，注意拼写。“pay attention to”为固定搭配，表示“注意”，与“writing”并列，应用“pay attention to”。 4．句意：阅读英语书籍和看英语电影也是我们学好英语的有用方法。空格修饰名词“ways”，指“有用的”方式，需形容词，应用“useful”。 5．句意：我们练习得越多，口语技能就会越好。此处是“the+比较级，the+比较级”结构，应用well的比较级“better”表示“更好的”。 6．句意：例如，我们可以尽可能经常地用英语和其他成员交谈。下文为举例，“for example”为固定短语，表示“例如”，首字母大写。 7．句意：记住，不要害怕犯错误。此处指不要害怕犯错，“be afraid of”为固定搭配，意为“害怕”，“don’t”后接动词原形，应用“be afraid of”。 8．句意：说英语时不要害羞。这里是when引导的时间状语从句，省略主语，用现在分词，表示“说”英语，应用speaking。 9．句意：和别人交谈时要大声且勇敢地说。空格与“loudly”并列，需副词，表示“勇敢地”说，应用brave的副词“bravely”。 10．句意：这样，我们可以让发音更好。此处是“make sth. better”结构，表示使“发音”更好，需名词，应用“ pronounce”的名词形式“pronunciation”，是不可数名词。 Passage 8 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 garden   I  also  travel   and   write   either   good   mistake   into   bed   talk My father was a college teacher. He was 1 at speaking different languages. My family 2 to many places and my father could talk to everyone he met. I wasn’t a great language learner. When I was 11 years old, I was poor in French. After I got 3 college, I read books in translation (翻译). Hermann Hesse was my favorite 4 . I loved his works very much. I 5 wanted to read them in their mother languages. This idea made 6 start to study German. Although I made 7 , I never stopped studying new languages. When I was twenty years old, I could speak French, Russian 8 German. I spent two hours every day studying languages before I went to bed. Chinese was the most difficult. I spent ten years learning Chinese. Now, I can pronounce Chinese words well and 9 with others fluently (流利地). I have many Chinese friends too. I think the world will be less interesting if there is only one language. It is like visiting a 10 with only one kind of plant! So I will keep working hard to study more languages. 【答案】 1．good 2．traveled/travelled 3．into 4．writer 5．also 6．me 7．mistakes 8．and 9．talk 10．garden 【导语】本文主要介绍了自己学习语言的历程和自己对此的感悟。 【详解】1．句意：他擅长说不同的语言。根据“He was…at speaking different languages.”，结合备选词可知，此处应该表达他擅长说不同的语言。be good at，形容词短语，意为“擅长……”符合语境。故填good。 2．句意：我的家人旅行了很多地方，我父亲可以和他遇到的每个人交谈。根据后半句“my father could talk to everyone he met.”可知，时态为一般过去时，结合备选词可知，此处应该表达我的家人旅行了很多地方。travel“旅行”，动词原形，其过去式是traveled或者travelled。故填traveled/travelled。 3．句意：上大学后，我读翻译的书。根据空格后“college”，结合备选词可知，此处指的是上大学后，get  into，动词短语，意为“进入”符合语境。故填into。 4．句意：赫尔曼·黑塞是我最喜欢的作家。根据前文“After I got…college, I read books in translation (翻译).”，结合备选词可知，此处应该表达赫尔曼·黑塞是我最喜欢的作家。write“写”，动词原形，此处填入填入其可数名词单数writer，作宾语，意为“作家”符合语境。故填writer。 5．句意：我也想用他们的母语阅读他们。根据“I…wanted to read them in their mother languages.”，结合备选词可知，此处应该表达我也想用他们的母语阅读他们。also，副词，修饰整个句子，意为“也”符合语境。故填also。 6．句意：这个想法让我开始学习德语。根据分析句子“This idea made…start to study German.”可知，句子缺宾语，结合备选词可知，此处应该表达这个想法让我开始学习德语。I“我”，主格人称代词，此处应该填入其宾格人称代词me，作宾语。故填me。 7．句意：虽然我犯了错误，但我从未停止学习新的语言。根据后半句“I never stopped studying new languages.”，结合备选词可知，此处应该表达虽然我犯了错误，但我从未停止学习新的语言。make (a ) mistake/mistakes，动词短语，意为“犯错”符合语境，结合空格前“made”，此处应该填入可数名词复数形式mistakes。故填mistakes。 8．句意：当我二十岁的时候，我会说法语、俄语和德语。根据“I could speak French, Russian…German.”可知，此处French，Russian，German三者都是语言，前后构成并列关系，结合备选词可知，此处应该用并列连词and连接，意为“和”符合语境。故填and。 9．句意：现在，我可以很好地读中文单词，并流利地与他人交谈。根据空格后“with others fluently (流利地).”，结合备选词可知，此处指的是流利地与他人交谈，talk with sb，固定搭配，意为“和某人交谈”符合语境，又根据空格前“can”是情态动词，后跟动词原形，所以此处应该填入动词原形talk。故填talk。 10．句意：这就像参观一个只有一种植物的花园！根据空格后“with only one kind of plant”，结合备选词可知，此处指的是参观一个只有一种植物的花园，garden“花园”，可数名词，结合空格前“a”可知，此处应该填入可数名词单数形式garden。故填garden。 6 / 19 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $单元核心语法精练 Unit 3 To be a good learner （新教材译林版） （副词的比较级与最高级和反身代词） 内容提要 核心语法回顾 专项能力突破 解题综合提升 本单元学习副词的比较级与最高级，以及反身代词的用法。副词比较级常加more或-er，最高级加most或-est；反身代词如myself、himself等，常与by、enjoy等搭配，须与主语保持人称和数的一致。 语法模块 具体内容 结构 / 规则 典型例句及翻译 一、副词的比较级与最高级 规则变化 单音节副词加 -er/-est；多音节副词前加 more/most。 fast→faster→fastest；carefully→more carefully 不规则变化 well→better→best；badly→worse→worst；much→more→most。 well→better→best 基本用法 副词比较级修饰动词，常与 than 连用；最高级前可加 the，修饰“最……”的动作。 He runs faster than me. 常用句型 “越来越……”用 比较级+and+比较级；“越……越……”用 the+比较级…, the+比较级…。 faster and faster 二、反身代词 构成 反身代词由“形容词性物主代词 + self/selves”构成，如 myself、themselves。 himself；ourselves by oneself 表示“独自、亲自”，by 后接反身代词。 by himself；by themselves enjoy oneself 表示“玩得开心”，enjoy 后接反身代词。 enjoy themselves help/teach oneself help oneself to 表示“随便吃/取”；teach oneself 表示“自学”。 teach herself 使用注意事项 1. 副词比较级：单音节副词加 -er，多音节副词前加 more；最高级加 -est 或 most。 2. 不规则副词须记忆：well→better→best；badly→worse→worst；much→more→most；little→less→least。 3. 副词比较级修饰动词，常与 than 连用；最高级前可加 the，如 run the fastest。 4. 反身代词由“形容词性物主代词 + self/selves”构成：myself、yourself、himself、herself、itself、ourselves、yourselves、themselves。 5. by oneself 表示“独自/亲自”；enjoy oneself 表示“玩得开心”；help oneself to 表示“随便吃”。 6. teach oneself 表示“自学”；反身代词须与主语人称、数保持一致。 一、单项选择 1．He runs ________ than any other student in his class. A．fast B．fastest C．the fastest D．faster 2．She sang ________ of all the singers at the party last night. A．well B．the best C．better D．best 3．The boy can look after ________ when his parents are out on business. A．himself B．him C．his D．he 4．They enjoyed ________ at the beach yesterday and took many photos. A．them B．their C．themselves D．they 5．My little sister is old enough to dress ________ every morning. A．her B．herself C．she D．hers 6．Tom drove ________ than usual, so he arrived at school late. A．careful B．carefully C．most carefully D．more carefully 7．Help ________ to some fish, children; it is fresh and tasty. A．yourselves B．you C．your D．yourself 8．He taught ________ English by listening to English tapes every day. A．him B．his C．himself D．he 9．Of the three, Lucy did the work ________ and won the prize. A．most carefully B．careful C．more careful D．carefully 10．The baby is only one year old, but it can feed ________ now. A．it B．itself C．its D．it's 二、单句语法填空：在空格处填入1个适当的单词或用所给词的适当形式填空 1．He finished the work ________ (quick) than I did yesterday. 2．She can take care of ________ (she) when she is alone at home. 3．They enjoyed ________ (they) at the school trip to the museum. 4．The old man lives by ________ (he) in the quiet village. 5．Tom did ________ (bad) in the exam of all the students in his grade. 6．We should help ________ (we) to the fruits on the table, please. 7．He runs ________ (fast) of the three boys in the race. 8．My brother taught ________ (he) to swim last summer holiday. 9．She sang even ________ (beautiful) than before at the concert. 10．The children dressed ________ (they) and went out to play. 三、按要求完成句子 1．他比班里其他任何学生都跑得快。 He runs ________ ________ any other student in his class. 2．那个男孩能独自完成作业。 The boy can finish his homework ________ ________ . 3．孩子们在聚会上玩得很开心。 The children ________ ________ ________ at the party. 4．她唱得比她姐姐好得多。 She sings ________ ________ ________ her sister. 5．这位老人独自住在乡下。 The old man lives ________ ________ in the countryside. 6．He learns English by himself.（改为同义句） He ________ ________ English. 7．They enjoyed themselves at the park.（改为否定句） They ________ ________ ________ at the park. 8．The boy can look after himself.（对划线部分提问：划线 himself） ________ can the boy look after? 9．She did the work most carefully of the three.（改为比较级同义句） She did the work ________ ________ the other two. 10．Tom learned to ride a bike by himself.（改为同义句） Tom ________ ________ to ride a bike. 四、完形填空 Passage 1 根据文章内容在A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 As an English learner, you may come across many new words every week. Are you having a hard time 1 all of them? Well, perhaps you can try out the Method of Loci. “Loci” means “locations” in Latin. When you use this method, you 2 a place in your mind, like your house or school. You then put words or numbers in different places inside it. As you walk through this place in your mind, you can recall all the 3 you put there. Why does it work? Because people are better at remembering 4 than words or lists. You can try remembering π (3.141592653) using the Method of Loci. The first 5 is to imagine a home. The house number is 314. On the doorstep, there is one box. You pick it up and find that it has come from your 59-year-old uncle. Now, you open the door. There, you see 6 welcome mats (门垫). Six pairs of shoes have been placed on them. On the wall, there are five pegs (挂钩) with three coats hanging off them. What about a long 7 ? You can imagine where each thing goes inside your fridge. When you go shopping, just “look” inside your “ 8 ” and take what you need. World record holders in memory competitions often say that anyone can 9 and use the Method of Loci and become a “memory master”. Are you 10 to try this method? Find out whether it can help you remember all the new words in your textbook! 1．A．pronouncing B．remembering C．translating D．understanding 2．A．believe B．create C．fight D．invent 3．A．events B．information C．news D．tools 4．A．details B．facts C．names D．places 5．A．case B．mistake C．rule D．step 6．A．two B．three C．four D．five 7．A．email address B．phone number C．shopping list D．word list 8．A．car B．hand C．mind D．kitchen 9．A．learn B．suggest C．finish D．decide 10．A．able B．afraid C．ready D．used Passage 2 根据短文内容，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 Are you good with your hands? Many of us like to make things which we can use or give as gifts. Crafting is surely a 1 that’s becoming more and more popular. And those loving it say getting creative 2 their mood. Especially 3 winter days, the long and cold season makes it difficult to do activities outside. This gives people 4 to try out new activities. 5 before it became popular, people were turning to arts and crafts to kill time. Some were making a 6 of pocket money from crafting. Lots of websites allowed people to sell their handmade goods. And now the Internet becomes a place for people to get started with their crafting projects. Richard Sennett, the author of the Craftsman, told the BBC: “A lot of people are finding their day jobs 7 , but learning a craft provides great fun. ” Many people are enjoying designing and making things just for pleasure. And there is evidence that it’s good for us as well. According to the research by BBC Arts, 8 of the time spent on a creative pastime such as painting or crafting is helpful to our emotions. A survey found that being creative helps people to avoid stress and 9 anxiety. So, if you are bored with jobs or life and are 10 fun activities, maybe now’s the time to get creative. 1．A．job B．hobby C．skill D．habit 2．A．changes B．protects C．improves D．creates 3．A．on B．in C．at D．for 4．A．time B．money C．energy D．luck 5．A．Still B．Once C．Though D．Even 6．A．lots B．bit C．group D．number 7．A．interesting B．exciting C．surprising D．boring 8．A．longest B．most C．shortest D．best 9．A．reduce B．give C．develop D．keep 10．A．looking for B．looking at C．looking back D．looking after Passage 3 阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 What makes a good learner? Different people have different ideas. A good learner always wants to know more and stays curious 1 new things. Good learners know how to teach 2 . They do not only wait for teachers’ help. When they meet difficult problems, they try to work them out by 3 first. They also have good learning habits. They read English aloud every morning to practise pronunciation. They repeat sentences and take notes so that they won’t 4 behind others. They know the 5 carefully they study, the greater progress they will make. Many learners feel worried about making mistakes. In fact, mistakes can help us learn. Don’t be shy when you speak. Try to have short conversations 6 partners. You can translate simple sentences and check spelling again and again. If you want to learn well, find suitable ways for yourself. Some people learn better by listening; others learn better by reading. There is no single way that works for 7 . Being a good learner is a lifelong journey. It cannot finish in a short time. Sometimes you may feel tired and want to give up. However, keep trying. You will find your own secret to 8 . You should also talk about your learning plans with friends. They can give you useful suggestions. 9 your plans often and make small changes when you need to. I hope everyone can find proper learning ways and turn 10 into excellent learners. 1．A．with B．about C．for D．to 2．A．themselves B．them C．their D．they 3．A．him B．himself C．them D．themselves 4．A．stay B．fall C．keep D．get 5．A．much B．more C．most D．many 6．A．without B．among C．with D．between 7．A．everybody B．nobody C．somebody D．anybody 8．A．succeed B．success C．successful D．successfully 9．A．Repeat B．Practise C．Check D．Invent 10．A．you B．your C．yourself D．yours 五、短文填空 Passage 4 阅读短文，在文中空白处填入一个适当的单词，或用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。 Learning English is not an easy job. Almost every student sometimes 1 (ask) questions like these: Can I really learn English well? Can I really learn it well enough 2 (talk) with others? The answer is yes. From some studies, we know that almost anyone can learn foreign languages well if he 3 she wants to. Some people might learn it 4 (fast) and some might learn it slower. Some might learn it very 5 (easy) and some with difficulty. But anyone can learn it well if he or she has the right ways. Many students have their own special ways in 6 (learn) English. The following are some examples. Wang Hui gets up early every morning and the first thing she does is listening to 7 English radio program (节目). This has really helped improve her English in listening. Lin Tao often practices speaking English 8 class. At first he was very nervous when he was asked to speak. After trying several times, he found it was not as 9 (difficult) as he thought. Now he is more active and now he speaks English best of all his 10 (classmate). Passage 5 阅读下面的材料并填空。有的答案要填入适当的内容，有的答案要用括号内单词的正确形式，但每个答案不多于三个单词。 Dear David, I’m glad to hear from you. Thank you for 1 (trust) me and sharing your problem with me. I’m sorry to hear that you didn’t do well in your math exam last term 2 you made many careless mistakes. As a result, your parents got very 3 (anger) and scolded (训斥) you. You must have been upset and maybe even felt that they didn’t love you any more. In fact, I had 4 same experience as you when I was in my primary school. I once did very 5 (bad) in my English exam and my parents scolded me, too. They even warned (警告) me that they wouldn’t let me go out to play 6 (unless) I could do well in the next exam. At that time, I really didn’t know what to do, so I went to ask my English teacher 7 advice. She asked me to have a talk with my parents and promise that I would work hard and be 8 (care) in the next exam. I did as my English teacher told me. To my surprise, my parents were 9 (understand). Why don’t you try and do as I did? I’m sure your parents will be thankful that you talk with them and the three of you will be happier for it. I hope this advice will help you 10 (solve) your problem as soon as possible. I’m looking forward to your good news. Yours, Mike Passage 6 阅读下面的短文,在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。有提示词的空格不限一词，无提示词的空格限填一词。 Students usually speak Putonghua both at home and school. However, some students from a primary school in Hunan have chosen to learn the local dialect in the classroom. According to China Daily, the dialect course was offered on Friday afternoon in 1 after-school service class. And teachers from universities 2 (come) to guide these students. Besides listening, speaking, reading and writing, students can learn about the sayings, nursery rhymes (童谣), figures of speech (修辞手法) and culture 3 the dialect, according to Luo Xinru, one of the teachers from a related college. “It’s 4 (mean) to the children when they grow up,” she said. “As the country starts spreading Putonghua, many young locals do not know how to speak local dialects. Some old people still have difficulty 5 (make) the young understand them. To solve this, we should encourage students 6 (speak) dialects. 7 kids visit their grandparents, they can chat more 8 (close), instead of feeling distant because of language problems. What’s more, dialects are actually a simple way to show the traditional culture, helping children 9 (well) understand the local history than before. As a result, the country has started to protect different language resources in recent years,” she said. Ms. Luo believes that spreading the use of Putonghua and dialects is not contradictory (相互矛盾的). “ 10 (protect) of dialects is a future trend (趋势), and the languages can carry different cultures and values. They should not, and will not, disappear,” she said. We hope that more young people will love and learn their local dialects in the future. 六、选词填空 Passage 7 根据语篇内容，从方框中选择恰当的单词或短语，并用其正确形式填空，并将单词或短语填写在答题卡对应的横线上，每个词或短语只能用一次。 brave    conversation    pay attention to    be afraid of    well simply    for example    use    speak    pronounce Learning English is very important and full of fun. It helps us have 1 with people from different countries. It opens a door to the world for us. So, how can we learn English? Let me tell you some easy tips First, we can start by learning 2 words and sentences. Be careful while writing and 3 your spelling. Second, reading English books and watching English movies are also 4 ways for us to learn English well. Also, when we’re free, we’d better listen to an English radio program and learn to sing an English song. It’s good for us to repeat each sentence. Then, we can join some English clubs to practise our spoken English. The more we practise, the 5 our speaking skills will be. 6 , we can talk with other members in English as often as possible. Remember, don’t 7 making mistakes. And don’t be shy when 8 English. Always speak loudly and 9 when you talk with others. In this way, we can make our 10 better. Slowly, our English language skills will improve. By following these learning tips, we are sure to make great progress in learning English. Passage 8 请从方框内选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯。注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有两词为多余项。 garden   I  also  travel   and   write   either   good   mistake   into   bed   talk My father was a college teacher. He was 1 at speaking different languages. My family 2 to many places and my father could talk to everyone he met. I wasn’t a great language learner. When I was 11 years old, I was poor in French. After I got 3 college, I read books in translation (翻译). Hermann Hesse was my favorite 4 . I loved his works very much. I 5 wanted to read them in their mother languages. This idea made 6 start to study German. Although I made 7 , I never stopped studying new languages. When I was twenty years old, I could speak French, Russian 8 German. I spent two hours every day studying languages before I went to bed. Chinese was the most difficult. I spent ten years learning Chinese. Now, I can pronounce Chinese words well and 9 with others fluently (流利地). I have many Chinese friends too. I think the world will be less interesting if there is only one language. It is like visiting a 10 with only one kind of plant! So I will keep working hard to study more languages. 2 / 10 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $