内容正文:
七年级上册人教版英语Unit 1语法讲义
一、人称代词与形容词性物主代词
1. 人称代词(相当于名词)
人称代词分为主格和宾格。
主格:一般放在陈述句开头,作句子的主语。
宾格:放在谓语动词后面,也可放在介词后面,作宾语。
单数形式
第一人称:I(主格) — me(宾格)
第二人称:you(主格) — you(宾格)
第三人称:he(主格)— him(宾格);she(主格)— her(宾格);it(主格)— it(宾格)
复数形式
第一人称:we(主格)— us(宾格)
第二人称:you(主格)— you(宾格)
第三人称:they(主格)— them(宾格)
2. 形容词性物主代词(相当于形容词)
放在名词前面作定语,不能单独使用,后面必须加名词来修饰名词。
结构:形容词性物主代词 + 名词(名词可以是单数,也可以是复数)
例:my books
单数
my(我的)
your(你的)
his(他的)
her(她的)
its(它的)
复数
our(我们的)
your(你们的)
their(他们的/她们的/它们的)
二、be动词的用法
be动词含义为“是”,包含am、is、are三类。
1. 肯定句用法
遵循主谓一致原则,谓语动词随主语人称、单复数变化。
口诀:我(I)用am,你(you)用are,is跟着他(he)、她(she)、它(it);复数人或物全部用are。
例:I am Li Hua.
I am a girl.
You are Li Dahua.
You are girls.
单数名词:The singer is ready.
复数名词:The singer and the dancer are ready.
主语与be动词缩写
I'm = I am
you're = you are
he's = he is
she's = she is
it's = it is
we're = we are
they're = they are
2. 否定句:be动词后直接加not
I am Li Hua. → I am not Li Hua.
You are Li Dahua. → You are not Li Dahua.
He is Ouyang Hua. → He is not Ouyang Hua.
be动词与not缩写
isn't = is not
aren't = are not
注意:am not 没有缩写形式
3. 一般疑问句
把be动词提到主语前面。
例:I am Li Hua. → Am I Li Hua?(日常一般不这样提问)
You are Li Dahua. → Are you Li Dahua?
He is Ouyang Hua. → Is he Ouyang Hua?
提示:主语为第一人称时,问句要把I改为you。
一般疑问句回答
肯定回答:Yes, 主语 + be
否定回答:No, 主语 + be + not
⚠回答时要用代词,不能直接照搬原句主语。
例:
Are you Li Hua?
Yes, I am.
No, I am not.
Is Ouyang Hua a doctor?
Yes, he is.
No, he is not.
Is that a map?
Yes, it is.
No, it is not.
4. be动词特殊疑问句
构成:特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句
What 什么 | What is this?
Where 哪里 | Where are you?
Who 谁 | Who is he?
When 什么时候 | When is your birthday?
How 怎样 | How are you?
What color 什么颜色 | What color is it?
What size 什么尺寸 | What size is it?
特殊疑问句不能用Yes/No回答,要回答具体信息。
例:
—What's this in English? 这个用英语怎么说?
—It's a ruler. 它是一把尺子。
专项练习题
一、用合适的人称代词主格/宾格填空
1. ____ am a student. (I/Me)
2. This is my sister. ____ is ten. (She/Her)
3. I help ____. (he/him)
4. They are my friends. I like ____. (they/them)
二、用形容词性物主代词填空
1. This is ____ book.(我的)
2. That is ____ pen.(他的)
3. ____ mother is a teacher.(我们的)
4. Those are ____ bags.(他们的)
三、用am / is / are填空
1. I ____ Tom.
2. You ____ my friend.
3. He ____ a boy.
4. We ____ in Class One.
5. They ____ good students.
四、句型转换
1. I am Li Ming.(改为否定句)
____________________________________
2. She is a nurse.(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答)
____________________________________
____________________________________
3. That is a map.(对划线部分a map提问)
____________________________________
五、单项选择
1. —Is this your ruler?
—Yes, ____ is.
A. this B. it C. that
2. ____ are my good friends.
A. They B. Them C. Their
3. My name ____ Bob.
A. am B. is C. are
参考答案
一、用合适的人称代词主格/宾格填空
1. I
2. She
3. him
4. them
二、用形容词性物主代词填空
1. my
2. his
3. Our
4. their
三、用am / is / are填空
1. am
2. are
3. is
4. are
5. are
四、句型转换
1. I am not Li Ming.
2. Is she a nurse? Yes, she is.
3. What is that?
五、单项选择
1.B 2.A 3.B
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