2027届高考英语一轮复习-听力专项02-关系推断-专题讲义

该高中英语讲义聚焦高考听力关系推断核心考点，依据新课标要求，按人物关系类型（同学、师生等）系统梳理高频信号词，结合提问句式与干扰项规律构建知识体系。通过知识精讲（双线索验证法）、真题示范（2026浙江首考等）、巩固训练（10道模考及真题）的教学流程，帮助学生突破关系推断难点，体现复习的系统性与针对性。 资料创新采用“称呼+互动内容”双线索验证策略，如用“honey”锁定夫妻关系再结合“family plans”验证，通过对比同事（manager/meeting）与同学（homework/group project）信号词培养学生思维品质，提升语言理解与推断能力。设置分层训练题组（含2024-2026年真题及模考），保障复习效果，为教师把控复习节奏、学生高效提升应考能力提供有力支持。

2027届高考英语一轮复习-听力专项-关系推断-专题讲义 一、知识精讲 （一）关系核心信号词 听力的『关系推断』不是抓住某个孤立的单词，而是用两条线索互相验证：一看称呼——honey（夫妻）、Mrs. Carter / Professor（师生或长幼）、listeners（主持与听众），称呼直接圈定关系范围；二看互动内容与口吻——讨论作业小组的多为同学，谈订单售后的是店员与顾客，以长辈口吻叮嘱理财、安全的多为亲子。两条线索对上，关系即定。下面按关系列出高频信号词： 同学 Classmates：homework 作业, group project 小组课题, class party 班级聚会, campus 校园, hand in 上交 师生 Teacher & Student：my classes 我的课, assignment 作业, office hour 答疑时间, grades 成绩, professor 教授 同事 Colleagues / Fellow workers：office 办公室, manager 经理, meeting 会议, sales manager 销售经理, work shift 班次 夫妻 Husband & Wife：honey / dear 亲爱的, family plans 家庭安排, our kids 我们的孩子 亲子 Parent & Child：save up 攒钱, first car 首辆车, negotiate 议价, car loan 车贷（长辈叮嘱口吻） 兄妹 Brother & Sister：miss her grandma 想念奶奶（共享祖辈）, our childhood 我们的童年 店员与顾客 Salesperson & Customer：the larger size 大码, get it for you 为您取货, purchase 购买, refund 退款 老同学 Former Schoolmates：Haven’t seen you for some time 久别重逢, since graduating 毕业之后 老师与家长 Teacher & Parent：be concerned about grades 担心成绩, my classes 我教的课, senior 高三学生 祖孙与亲属：grandma and grandson 祖母与孙子 / grandfather 祖父 / relatives 亲戚（family relatives） / cousins 表兄妹 游客与服务方：tourist and guide 游客与导游 / tour guide 导游 教练与学员：trainer and trainee 教练与学员 / coach 教练 客户与专业人士：client 客户（tailor and client 裁缝与客户 / lawyer and client） / member 成员（club members 俱乐部成员） （二）常见提问句式 • What is the (probable / possible) relationship between the speakers?（说话双方是什么关系？） • What is the relationship between A and B?（A 与 B 是什么关系？——长对话多人物题） （三）干扰项规律与解题步骤 1. 称呼+互动双信号：Mrs. Carter / Professor（师生）、honey（夫妻）、listeners（主持与听众），先用称呼锁定范围，再用互动内容验证。 2. 同事 vs 同学（最大混淆点）：manager / office / meeting → 同事；homework / Professor / group project → 同学。 3. 家庭关系看『共同亲属』：miss her grandma＝想念对方的母亲→共享祖辈→兄妹，而非夫妻。 4. 互动反推：一方提需求、另一方致歉并安排→店员与顾客；一方请求许可、另一方叮嘱安全→师生。 5. 长对话多人物陷阱：题问 A 与 B 的关系，先圈出 A、B 各自的亲属称谓再找共同点（2024全国一：Tom 与 Fiona 共享奶奶→兄妹）。 二、精讲真题 【示范1】（2026年1月浙江首考） 听音原文： W: Jack, Mrs. Palmer wants us in her office. M: Right now? For what? W: She wants us to meet the new sales manager. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Fellow workers. C. Salesman and customer. 【答案】B 【解析】信号词：Mrs. Palmer wants us in her office（上司同时叫两人去办公室）、meet the new sales manager（共同迎接新销售经理）。两人被同一上司召见并共同执行接待任务，是同事关系（fellow workers），不是同学或买卖双方。选 B。 【示范2】（2025年全国I卷） 听音原文： M: Hi, Grace. Haven’t seen you for some time! W: Oh, Kevin. Nice to see you. Are you also here for dinner? M: Yes. My cousin Fiona is in town, and this is her favorite steakhouse. You met her last year, right? W: Yes, at Jennifer’s wedding. M: Right. Look, are you here alone? Would you like to join us? W: That’s very nice of you, but I’m meeting David and some other friends for dinner. You remember David from Class Two? M: Of course. He was the captain of our school’s basketball team. I haven’t seen him since graduation. W: He worked abroad for 3 years and has just come back. M: Well, I’ll go and say a quick hello. We definitely should get together sometime and have a drink. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow workers. B. Former schoolmates. C. Family relatives. 【答案】B 【解析】信号词：Haven’t seen you for some time（久别重逢）、My cousin Fiona is in town（聊各自亲属近况）。两人久别偶遇、互通近况，无同事与亲属信号词，判断为老同学（former schoolmates）。选 B。 三、巩固训练 第1题 What is the probable relationship between David and Jennifer? A. Cousins. B. Club members. C. Schoolmates. 【出处】2026年3月宁波十校二模 第2题 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and parent. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student. 【出处】2026年泰安市一模 第3题 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Sister and brother. C. Teacher and student. 【出处】2026年青岛市一模 第4题 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Grandma and grandson. B. Mother and son. C. Sister and brother. 【出处】2026届重庆巴蜀中学11月期中 第5题 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Tourist and guide. B. Husband and wife. C. Trainer and trainee. 【出处】2025年全国II卷 第6题 What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Child and parent. B. Student and teacher. C. Tourist and tour guide. 【出处】2025年12月杭州一模 第7题 What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Salesperson and customer. C. Tailor and client. 【出处】2025年12月浙江强基联盟联考 第8题 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Relatives. B. Former classmates. C. Colleagues. 【出处】2025年12月浙江省ZDB联盟高三一模 第9题 What is the relationship between Tom and Fiona? A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister. C. Father and daughter. 【出处】2024年全国I卷 第10题 What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Fellow workers. C. Teacher and student. 【出处】2024年全国II卷 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $nullnullnull 2027届高考英语一轮复习-听力专项-关系推断-专题讲义 一、知识精讲 （一）关系核心信号词 听力的『关系推断』不是抓住某个孤立的单词，而是用两条线索互相验证：一看称呼——honey（夫妻）、Mrs. Carter / Professor（师生或长幼）、listeners（主持与听众），称呼直接圈定关系范围；二看互动内容与口吻——讨论作业小组的多为同学，谈订单售后的是店员与顾客，以长辈口吻叮嘱理财、安全的多为亲子。两条线索对上，关系即定。下面按关系列出高频信号词： 同学 Classmates：homework 作业, group project 小组课题, class party 班级聚会, campus 校园, hand in 上交 师生 Teacher & Student：my classes 我的课, assignment 作业, office hour 答疑时间, grades 成绩, professor 教授 同事 Colleagues / Fellow workers：office 办公室, manager 经理, meeting 会议, sales manager 销售经理, work shift 班次 夫妻 Husband & Wife：honey / dear 亲爱的, family plans 家庭安排, our kids 我们的孩子 亲子 Parent & Child：save up 攒钱, first car 首辆车, negotiate 议价, car loan 车贷（长辈叮嘱口吻） 兄妹 Brother & Sister：miss her grandma 想念奶奶（共享祖辈）, our childhood 我们的童年 店员与顾客 Salesperson & Customer：the larger size 大码, get it for you 为您取货, purchase 购买, refund 退款 老同学 Former Schoolmates：Haven’t seen you for some time 久别重逢, since graduating 毕业之后 老师与家长 Teacher & Parent：be concerned about grades 担心成绩, my classes 我教的课, senior 高三学生 祖孙与亲属：grandma and grandson 祖母与孙子 / grandfather 祖父 / relatives 亲戚（family relatives） / cousins 表兄妹 游客与服务方：tourist and guide 游客与导游 / tour guide 导游 教练与学员：trainer and trainee 教练与学员 / coach 教练 客户与专业人士：client 客户（tailor and client 裁缝与客户 / lawyer and client） / member 成员（club members 俱乐部成员） （二）常见提问句式 • What is the (probable / possible) relationship between the speakers?（说话双方是什么关系？） • What is the relationship between A and B?（A 与 B 是什么关系？——长对话多人物题） （三）干扰项规律与解题步骤 1. 称呼+互动双信号：Mrs. Carter / Professor（师生）、honey（夫妻）、listeners（主持与听众），先用称呼锁定范围，再用互动内容验证。 2. 同事 vs 同学（最大混淆点）：manager / office / meeting → 同事；homework / Professor / group project → 同学。 3. 家庭关系看『共同亲属』：miss her grandma＝想念对方的母亲→共享祖辈→兄妹，而非夫妻。 4. 互动反推：一方提需求、另一方致歉并安排→店员与顾客；一方请求许可、另一方叮嘱安全→师生。 5. 长对话多人物陷阱：题问 A 与 B 的关系，先圈出 A、B 各自的亲属称谓再找共同点（2024全国一：Tom 与 Fiona 共享奶奶→兄妹）。 二、精讲真题 【示范1】（2026年1月浙江首考） 听音原文： W: Jack, Mrs. Palmer wants us in her office. M: Right now? For what? W: She wants us to meet the new sales manager. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Fellow workers. C. Salesman and customer. 【答案】B 【解析】信号词：Mrs. Palmer wants us in her office（上司同时叫两人去办公室）、meet the new sales manager（共同迎接新销售经理）。两人被同一上司召见并共同执行接待任务，是同事关系（fellow workers），不是同学或买卖双方。选 B。 【示范2】（2025年全国I卷） 听音原文： M: Hi, Grace. Haven’t seen you for some time! W: Oh, Kevin. Nice to see you. Are you also here for dinner? M: Yes. My cousin Fiona is in town, and this is her favorite steakhouse. You met her last year, right? W: Yes, at Jennifer’s wedding. M: Right. Look, are you here alone? Would you like to join us? W: That’s very nice of you, but I’m meeting David and some other friends for dinner. You remember David from Class Two? M: Of course. He was the captain of our school’s basketball team. I haven’t seen him since graduation. W: He worked abroad for 3 years and has just come back. M: Well, I’ll go and say a quick hello. We definitely should get together sometime and have a drink. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Fellow workers. B. Former schoolmates. C. Family relatives. 【答案】B 【解析】信号词：Haven’t seen you for some time（久别重逢）、My cousin Fiona is in town（聊各自亲属近况）。两人久别偶遇、互通近况，无同事与亲属信号词，判断为老同学（former schoolmates）。选 B。 三、巩固训练 第1题 What is the probable relationship between David and Jennifer? A. Cousins. B. Club members. C. Schoolmates. 【出处】2026年3月宁波十校二模 【答案】C 【解析】信号词：my cousin David introduced us、we met during the break at college（大学课间相识）。介绍发生在大学校园里，双方有共同的校园经历，是校友（schoolmates），不是表亲或社团成员。选 C。 听音原文： W: So how did you and Jennifer meet, Ben? I heard you met at a dancing club. M: Well, it’s not true. Actually, my cousin David introduced us when we met during the break at college. 第2题 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and parent. B. Husband and wife. C. Teacher and student. 【出处】2026年泰安市一模 【答案】A 【解析】信号词：I’m concerned about Lucy’s grades（家长担心成绩）、she seems to enjoy most of my classes（"我的课"）。女士忧心孩子成长、男士谈及自己所教课程，是老师与家长（teacher and parent），不是夫妻或普通师生。选 A。 听音原文： W: Well, I’m concerned about Lucy’s grades. She’ll be a senior before we know it. M: Oh, she’s got potential and seems to enjoy most of my classes. 第3题 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Sister and brother. C. Teacher and student. 【出处】2026年青岛市一模 【答案】A 【解析】信号词：Last night’s homework was terrible（昨晚作业）、I handed it in to the teacher this morning（今早上交作业）。两人互论作业难易并上交作业，是同学（classmates）。选 A。 听音原文： W: Last night’s homework was terrible. How did you feel about it? M: I didn’t think it was too bad. I handed it in to the teacher this morning. Let’s see what he thinks. 第4题 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Grandma and grandson. B. Mother and son. C. Sister and brother. 【出处】2026届重庆巴蜀中学11月期中 【答案】B 【解析】信号词：I’ve finally saved up enough to buy my first car（人生第一辆车）、Are you going to pay in full, or take out a car loan（长辈式理财叮嘱）。一方购车、另一方以过来人口吻提醒议价与贷款风险，是母子（mother and son）。选 B。 听音原文： W: I’ve finally saved up enough to buy my first car. M: Have you been looking around? W: Yes, I went to a car dealership for a test drive last Friday. M: You have to be careful when you negotiate with those salesmen. W: I know. They’ll try to take advantage of people. I’m going to take Joseph with me. He used to work as a salesman. M: Good idea. How much are you planning to spend? W: I have twenty thousand dollars. M: Wow. Are you going to pay in full, or take out a car loan? W: I’m thinking about the latter. I don’t want to be stuck for money. M: That makes sense. 第5题 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Tourist and guide. B. Husband and wife. C. Trainer and trainee. 【出处】2025年全国II卷 【答案】B 【解析】信号词：Sure, honey（夫妻昵称）、I thought we were going to play table tennis with Billy and Karen（商议共同家庭安排）。男士以 honey 称呼对方并商量两家共同出行，是夫妻（husband and wife）。选 B。 听音原文： W: Max, are you ready to go? M: Sure, honey. Why are you dressed like that? I thought we were going to play table tennis with Billy and Karen. W: Oh, change of plan. Billy suggested we go rock climbing instead. M: But I was really looking forward to playing table tennis. W: You play table tennis all the time. We’d like to go do some outdoor activities for a change, like rock climbing and horseback riding. M: Oh, Jessie, I thought the point of this vacation was to relax. W: Well, we can do something less demanding tomorrow. How about boating on the lake? What do you think? M: That’ll be great. I like the idea of spending some time on the water. I’m sure Billy and Karen will like it too. 第6题 What is the possible relationship between the speakers? A. Child and parent. B. Student and teacher. C. Tourist and tour guide. 【出处】2025年12月杭州一模 【答案】B 【解析】信号词：Mrs. Carter（对师长的称呼）、some of us want to hike further up the Great Wall（研学活动中请求许可）、Is that cool?（学生口吻请示）。女士提醒台阶陡峭并批准请求，是带队老师；男士是学生。选 B。 听音原文： M: Hey, Mrs Carter, some of us want to hike further up the Great Wall, just to that next watchtower. Is that cool? W: Sure, but be careful on those steps. Some spots are steep. What time can you be back? M: No problem. We’ll meet you at the bus by 3:25, promise. W: 3:20, bus leaves at 3:30 sharp. And I’m not explaining to your parents why you got lost in China. M: Deal. Thanks, Mrs Carter. 第7题 What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Salesperson and customer. C. Tailor and client. 【出处】2025年12月浙江强基联盟联考 【答案】B 【解析】信号词：Could someone come over and get me the larger size of this shirt（索要大码）、I’ll have my colleague go get it for you right away（道歉并安排取货）。一方提服务需求、另一方致歉安排，是店员与顾客（salesperson and customer）。选 B。 听音原文： W: Excuse me. Could someone come over and get me the larger size of this shirt? M: Oh, yes, I’m sorry. We’ve just been tied up. I’ll have my colleague go get it for you right away. 第8题 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Relatives. B. Former classmates. C. Colleagues. 【出处】2025年12月浙江省ZDB联盟高三一模 【答案】B 【解析】信号词：What a surprise（偶遇惊讶）、We haven’t seen each other since graduating from our school（毕业后再未见面）。久别重逢并追忆母校，是老同学（former classmates）。选 B。 听音原文： M: Teresa. What a surprise. What are you doing here? W: Hi, Jackson. I don’t believe it! We haven’t seen each other since graduating from our school. M: Sure. Where are you heading? W: To Montreal. I’m going to see my daughter. She will marry this weekend. How about you? M: I’m going to visit my parents. This Sunday is the 45th wedding anniversary of their wedding. When is your daughter’s wedding? W: Sunday. M: Wow This is a surprise! Anyway, where is your train leaving from? W: My train leaves from Platform 3, over there. Oh, my train is leaving. I have to run. Sorry we didn’t get more time to talk. M: That’s OK. I’ll see you when you get back. W: Have a good time, and say congratulations to your parents! 第9题 What is the relationship between Tom and Fiona? A. Husband and wife. B. Brother and sister. C. Father and daughter. 【出处】2024年全国I卷 【答案】B 【解析】信号词：Tom has made many new friends... Fiona is fine, though she misses her grandma、thank you for looking in on my mother。凯茜口中的奶奶即自己的母亲，汤姆与菲奥娜共享祖辈，是兄妹（brother and sister）。本组对话人物多，题问 Tom 与 Fiona 的关系，先圈出二人的亲属线索再判断。选 B。 听音原文： W: Hello, Dave. This is Kathy from Sunny California. M: Hi, Kathy. You finally called. How was the move? All settled in? W: Sorry, I hadn’t called sooner, but it’s been a busy month. We’re slowly getting things set up in our new home. M: Yeah, I understand. How are Jeff and the children? W: Jeff is doing well with his new job. Tom has made many new friends here and has a lot to do. Fiona is fine, though she misses her grandma. By the way, thank you for looking in on my mother from time to time. I call her every week, but it isn’t the same as seeing her. M: No problem. Betty and I are friends now. How is the weather there? W: It’s nice and warm, and we are able to spend some time every week on the beach with the children. M: That’s great. 第10题 What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Classmates. B. Fellow workers. C. Teacher and student. 【出处】2024年全国II卷 【答案】A 【解析】信号词：our group for the class project（课堂小组课题）、Professor North said no more than four people。两人围绕课程小组分组沟通并提及教授的分组规则，是同学（classmates），不是同事或师生。选 A。 听音原文： W: Jacob, do you have a minute now? M: Sure. W: Well, it’s not easy to say, but I have to tell you, you’re not in our group for the class project. M: Sarah, what do you mean? You know, I’m always in a group with you. W: I know, it’s just that this time... this time we made the group differently. And because you were late, we’ve already made the group. See, there are four of us already. M: So? We can’t be a group of five? W: Well, Professor North said there should be no more than four people in each group. It’s not about you or your work or anything like that. M: Okay, but please count me in next time. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $nullnullnullnullnullnullnullnull