Unit 8 People and Events（B卷·能力提升）《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）单元过关卷（原卷版+解析版）

**基本信息** 本试卷为《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）Unit 8能力提升卷，紧扣单元核心考点，通过詹天佑、高铁发展等历史与科技情境，融合语言能力与文化意识，适配中职单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |词汇与语法|10题/10分|情态动词（can/must）、核心词汇（graduate, brilliant）|结合语境考查语法应用，如第21题通过对话辨析情态动词表推测| |阅读理解|30分|历史事件（京张铁路）、科技发展（高铁对比）|对比新旧京张铁路，考查信息提取与思维品质，如65题引导分析技术进步| |书面表达|20分|应用文写作（书信）、英汉互译|写作题围绕校园体育活动，提升语言表达与跨文化交际能力|

编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 8 People and Events B卷·能力提升 考试时间：90分钟 满分：90分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 第二部分　知识运用（共三节，满分 40 分） 第一节：词汇与语法　(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面句子，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21．— That ______ be Mr. Wang. He has gone to the US. 　　— Yes, it can’t be him. A．can’t　　　B．must　　　C．might　　　D．should 22．You ______ bring your umbrella. It’s sunny today. A．must　　　B．don’t have to　　　C．should　　　D．mustn’t 23．When I was young, I ______ swim very fast. A．can　　　B．must　　　C．could　　　D．should 24．The girl over there ______ be Ella, but I’m not sure. A．might　　　B．must　　　C．can’t　　　D．should 25．We ______ run in the library. It’s a quiet place. A．needn’t　　　B．don’t have to　　　C．could　　　D．mustn’t 26．After ______, he returned to his hometown to work. A．graduation　　　B．graduate　　　C．graduated　　　D．graduating 27．Zhan Tianyou was a ______ engineer. His work was excellent. A．brilliance　　　B．brilliant　　　C．brilliantly　　　D．brilliant of 28．He is the ______ engineer of the project. A．chief of　　　B．chief’s　　　C．chief　　　D．chiefly 29．China has ______ building the largest high-speed railway system in the world. A．succeeded　　　B．success　　　C．successful　　　D．succeeded in 30．The railway was completed two years ______ schedule. A．ahead　　　B．ahead of　　　C．in front of　　　D．before of 第二节：交际用语　(共20分) (一)　选择　(共10小题，每小题1分) 看下面10组小对话，根据文字提供的信息，从A、B、C、D四个选项选出符合对话情景和含义的最佳选项。 31．— Could you help me check my composition? — ________. I’m available now. A．My pleasure B．With pleasure C．That’s right D．It’s nothing 32．— I don’t think I will ever speak English well. — Don’t be so sad. ________ and you’ll see progress in time. A．Take short cuts B．Forget about it C．Keep your spirits up D．Stick to the point 33．— Can you think of an important event in history? 　　— ______ A． The invention of the Internet.　　　B．Yes, I can.　　　 C．No, I can’t.　　 　 D．It’s important. 34．— How can I improve my invention? 　　— ______ A．You could ask your teacher for help.　　　B．You’re welcome. C．It’s too bad.　　　 D．Never mind. 35．．— Shall I order a taxi for Grace to go to the airport tonight? — ________. I’ll drive her there. A．Have a try B．Don’t mention it C．Don’t bother D．Go ahead 36．— I often forget to lock the door. 　　— ______ A． You must be more careful.　　　B．That’s too bad.　　 　 C．Good luck.　　　 D．You’re welcome. 37．—I heard you’re applying for that summer program. How’s it going? —Perfect! ________. I’m really full of confidence. A．It’s out of the question B．It ticks all the right boxes C．I can’t complain D．Don’t mention it 38．— I have too much work to do. 　　— ______ A．You might ask your coworkers for help.　　　B．That’s great. C．Good luck.　　　 D．You’re welcome. 39．— A warning sign should be put up there. ______. The bend in the road is too sharp. A．I don’t get it B．That’s a good point C．It’s up to you D．I’d love to 40．— I think more trees should be planted to prevent sandstorms. — ______. The quality of air in Beijing is worse this year. A．It’s hard to say B．That’s all right C．You’re absolutely right D．Don’t mention it (二)　补全对话　(共5小题，每小题1分) 根据下面一段对话，从A、B、C、D、E、F、G七个选项中选出五个选项补全到空缺处，使对话完整、符合情景和含义。 A: Can you think of an important person in Chinese history? B: ____41____ A: Why is that? B: ____42____ A: That’s impressive. ____43____ B: Yes, he also trained many young Chinese engineers. A: ____44____ B: I think so. His spirit still inspires us today. A: ____45____ A．Zhan Tianyou. B．He built the first railway designed by Chinese engineers. C．Did he do anything else? D．He is a true hero. E．I agree with you. F．I’m sorry to hear that. G．Thank you very much. （三）匹配：中英文短语匹配　(共5小题，每小题1分) 请将I栏中常见中文告示、指令与II栏中的英文进行匹配      Ⅰ 46 应急车道 47 严禁攀折 48 电动游览车 49 紧急时击碎玻璃 50 电子检票口 Ⅱ A．No Overtaking B．Sightseeing Boat C． Break Glass in Emergency D．Emergency Vehicle Lane E. E-ticket Check-in F. No Picking G. Sightseeing Trolley 第三节：完形填空　(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Florence Nightingale was a famous British nurse. She is ____51____ as the founder of modern nursing. She was born in 1820 in a rich family. When she was young, Nightingale decided to ____52____ a nurse, although her parents did not agree. At that time, nursing was not a ____53____ job for rich girls. But she did not ____54____ up her dream. During a war, Nightingale went to a military hospital to help the ____55____ soldiers. She worked very hard day and night. She often walked around the hospital at night with a lamp to ____56____ the sick soldiers. That is why people called her "the Lady with the Lamp." She ____57____ many difficulties, but she never stopped helping others. She also ____58____ a nursing school to train more nurses. Her work has ____59____ many lives. Nightingale’s spirit of love and hard work has inspired nurses all over the world. She showed us that one person ____60____ make a great difference to the world. 51．A．known　　　 B．know　　　 C．knows　　　 D．knowing 52．A．becomes　　　B．become　　　C．became　　　 D．becoming 53．A．respect　　 　B．respectful　　　C．respected　　　D．respecting 54．A．give　　　 B．gives　　 　C．gave　　　 D．given 55．A．sickly　　　 B．sick　　　 C．sickness　　　 D．sick of 56．A．look for　　　B．look up　　 　C．look after　　　 D．look at 57．A．overcame　　　B．overcomes　　　C．overcome　　　D．overcoming 58．A．set off　　 　B．set up　　　 C．set out　　　 D．set down 59．A．save　　　 B．saves　　　 C．saved　　　 D．saving 60．A．can　　　 B．must　　　 C．should　　　 D．need 第三部分　阅读理解（共三节，满分 30 分） 第一节：选择　(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (A) There are two important railways between Beijing and Zhangjiakou. One was built more than 100 years ago, and the other is one of the most modern railways in the world today. Both of them are great works in the history of Chinese railways. By comparing them, we can see how much railway technology has developed. Here is a comparison of their key information. Jingzhang Railway Opened: 1909 Length: About 200 kilometers Type of train: Steam locomotives Top speed: 35 kilometers an hour Power: Coal Chief engineer: Zhan Tianyou Note: It was the first railway designed and built completely by Chinese engineers. The railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains, and many people thought it was impossible to build at that time. Jingzhang High-Speed Railway Opened: 2019 Length: About 174 kilometers Type of train: High-speed electric trains Top speed: 350 kilometers an hour Power: Electricity Note: It is one of the most modern and intelligent railways in the world. It makes travel between the two cities very fast, and it shows the great progress China has made in railway technology over the past century. These two railways show how much railway technology has developed over the past century. The old railway took about five years to build, while the new one was completed in a much shorter time with the help of modern technology. They are both symbols of China’s progress and the wisdom and hard work of Chinese engineers from different times. 61．When was the Jingzhang Railway opened? A．In 1909.　　　B．In 1919.　　　C．In 2009.　　　D．In 2019. 62．What was the top speed of the Jingzhang Railway? A．24 kilometers an hour.　　　B．35 kilometers an hour. C．174 kilometers an hour.　　　D．350 kilometers an hour. 63．What kind of power does the Jingzhang High-Speed Railway use? A．Coal.　　　B．Steam.　　　C．Electricity.　　　D．Gas. 64．Who was the chief engineer of the Jingzhang Railway? A．George Stephenson.　　　B．Zhan Tianyou.　　　 C．Cai Lun.　　 　D．Thomas Edison. 65．What do the two railways show? A．Railway technology has developed a lot. B．Railways are no longer useful. C．The two railways are the same. D．China has the slowest trains. (B) Trains have changed how people travel and have brought so much convenience to our lives. Let us look at how trains have developed over time. George Stephenson, a British engineer, is known as the father of railways. In 1825, he built the world’s first passenger train. The train used steam to move and could go only 24 kilometers an hour. People consider the day it first ran, September 27, 1825, as the beginning of railway transportation. In 1964, Japan built the world’s first high-speed railway. These trains used electricity and could travel 210 kilometers an hour. This was more than eight times faster than Stephenson’s first train. Today, China leads the world in high-speed railways. China has the longest high-speed railway network and the fastest trains. High-speed railways can now reach most parts of the country, from the high mountains in the west to the busy cities in the east, and from the snowy lands in the north to the warm seaside in the south. High-speed trains have also changed people’s lives. In the past, a trip that took a whole day now takes only a few hours. People can go to work or visit friends in another city more easily. Many people choose to live in one city and work in another, thanks to the fast and convenient high-speed railway. From steam to electricity, trains have become faster and faster. They not only carry people and goods, but also connect cities, people and cultures together. The story of trains is really a story of human progress. 66．Who is known as the father of railways? A．George Stephenson.　　　B．Zhan Tianyou.　　 　C．Cai Lun.　　　 D．Thomas Edison. 67．How fast could the first passenger train go? A．24 kilometers an hour.　　　B．210 kilometers an hour. C．350 kilometers an hour.　　　D．174 kilometers an hour. 68．Which country built the world’s first high-speed railway? A．China.　　　B．Britain.　　　C．Japan.　　　D．America. 69．What is China’s position in high-speed railways today? A．China is far behind other countries. B．China leads the world in high-speed railways. C．China has no high-speed railways. D．China has the slowest trains. 70．What is the passage mainly about? A．The history and development of trains. B．How to build a train. C．The life of George Stephenson. D．The fastest train in the world. (C) Great inventions have made our life much easier, but they also bring some problems. Should we welcome every new invention without thinking? Different people may give different answers. On the one hand, inventions bring us great convenience. The Internet lets us find information and talk with people anywhere in the world. High-speed trains carry us to faraway places in just a few hours. Machines help us do heavy and dangerous work. Medical inventions have saved countless lives. It is hard to imagine our life without these inventions. On the other hand, some inventions also cause problems. Cars and factories make the air dirty. Spending too much time on smartphones is bad for our eyes and health. Some machines have taken away people’s jobs, and some people become lazy because machines do everything for them. Besides, some people waste too much time on games and forget to spend time with their family. In my opinion, inventions themselves are neither good nor bad. The key is how we use them. If we use them wisely, they can make the world a better place. If we use them in the wrong way, they may bring us trouble. So we should learn to enjoy the benefits of inventions while avoiding their problems, and always remember to use technology to help, not to harm. 71．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to invent new things. B．The advantages and disadvantages of inventions. C．The history of inventions. D．How to use the Internet. 72．What is one advantage of inventions mentioned in the passage? A．They make the air dirty. B．They help us do heavy and dangerous work. C．They make people lazy. D．They take away people’s jobs. 73．What problem do some machines cause? A．They make people smarter. B．They have taken away people’s jobs. C．They make the air cleaner. D．They make travel slower. 74．What is the writer’s opinion about inventions? A．They are all good.　　　 B．They are all bad. C．The key is how we use them.　　　D．We should not use them. 75．Which word best describes the writer’s attitude? A．One-sided.　　　B．Unclear.　　　C．Negative.　　　D．Balanced.　　 第二节：判断（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 请根据下面的短文内容判断下列句子，如果正确就选“T”，如果错误就选“F”，如果文中没有提到就选“N”。 Wang Ming is a student at a vocational school. Last month, he took part in a national invention competition for students, and he won the first prize. Wang Ming’s invention is a small smart box. The box can help old people remember to take their medicine on time. It has a small screen that shows the time, and it can ring to remind the user. It is simple but very useful. The idea came from Wang Ming’s own life. His grandmother often forgot to take her medicine, and this worried the whole family. So Wang Ming decided to design something to help her. He spent about half a year designing and improving the box. Wang Ming said he met many difficulties during the process, but he never gave up. He believes that as long as we keep trying, we can overcome any difficulty and succeed in the end. His teachers and classmates are all very proud of him. Now Wang Ming hopes to make more useful things in the future to help people in need. He also wants to encourage other students to try their own ideas, because he thinks every small idea may grow into something great. 76．Wang Ming won the first prize in a national invention competition. 77．Wang Ming’s invention can help old people take their medicine on time. 78．Wang Ming spent about a year designing the smart box. 79．Wang Ming gave up when he met difficulties. 80．Wang Ming’s grandmother is a teacher. 第三节：简答（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，答题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 Dear students, We are happy to announce that our school will organize a visit to the Science and Technology Museum next Saturday. The visit will last from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. At the museum, you can see many great inventions in history, from the first train to the modern smartphone. You can also try some interesting science experiments by yourself. A guide will tell us the stories behind these inventions, and you can ask questions if you are interested. The museum is about 20 kilometers from our school, so we will go there by bus. The bus will leave from the school gate at 8:00 a.m. Please arrive on time and do not be late. The ticket is 30 yuan for each student. Please pay the money to your class teacher before Friday. Remember to bring your student card and some water. We will have lunch at the museum restaurant at noon. We hope you will learn a lot from this visit and have a good time. If you have any questions, please ask your class teacher, and they will be happy to help you. Best regards, The Student Union 81．When will the visit to the museum take place? __________________________________ 82．How will students go to the museum? __________________________________ 83．When will the bus leave from the school gate? __________________________________ 84．How much is the ticket for each student? __________________________________ 85．What should students remember to bring? __________________________________ 第四部分　书面表达（共两节，满分20分） 第一节：英汉互译（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 将86-88句译为中文，将89及90句括号里的中文译为英文。 86．He must be a great engineer. His work is excellent. ____________________________________________________________ 87．We should overcome difficulties and never give up. ____________________________________________________________ 88．The high-speed railway makes travel much faster. ____________________________________________________________ 89．You ______ (不必) bring your umbrella. It’s sunny today. 90．Cai Lun ______ (改进) paper-making in the Han Dynasty. 第二节：应用文写作（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请根据括号中的汉语提示，将文章补充完整。 请根据括号里的中文信息将内容补充完整，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 Dear Peter, I’m glad to 91 (收到) you and I’d like to have a simple reply to your question about students sports in my school. There is a big playground in my school, where many sports 92 (活动) used to be held. But now it hasn’t been able to 93 (使满意) students’ requirement of sports, so a big 94 (体育馆) is being built up near the playground. Soon lots of main sports projects such as basketball, table tennis and 95 (排球比赛) in my school can 96 (举行) there and we will have 97 (机会) to have all kinds of exercise, even though it’s rainy. As you know, table tennis is the national ball in my country. So you should know what my 98 (最喜欢的) sports program is. Yes, I’m crazy about 99 (打乒乓球) and my dream is to be a national table tennis player in the future. What about students sports in your school? And what is the sport you like best? I’m 100 (盼望) your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 编写说明：本套试卷紧扣《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）教材，以教材单元为基准精准覆盖核心考点。 每个单元设置AB卷，A卷为基础巩固卷，侧重基础考点训练，帮助学生扎实掌握知识要点；B卷为能力提升卷，注重知识整合与全面检测，引导学生构建知识网络。全书设计4份综合测试卷，模拟实战情境，聚焦解题能力突破，全面提升应试能力与知识应用水平。 《英语 基础模块1》（高教版第三版）《单元过关卷》 Unit 8 People and Events B卷·能力提升 考试时间：90分钟 满分：90分 班级 姓名 学号 成绩 第二部分　知识运用（共三节，满分 40 分） 第一节：词汇与语法　(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下面句子，从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 21．— That ______ be Mr. Wang. He has gone to the US. 　　— Yes, it can’t be him. A．can’t　　　B．must　　　C．might　　　D．should 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：——那不可能是王先生，他去美国了。——是的，不可能是他。can’t表示否定推测“不可能”。故选A。 22．You ______ bring your umbrella. It’s sunny today. A．must　　　B．don’t have to　　　C．should　　　D．mustn’t 【答案】B 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你不必带伞，今天是晴天。don’t have to“不必”符合语境。故选B。 23．When I was young, I ______ swim very fast. A．can　　　B．must　　　C．could　　　D．should 【答案】C 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我年轻时游泳游得很快。could表示过去的能力。故选C。 24．The girl over there ______ be Ella, but I’m not sure. A．might　　　B．must　　　C．can’t　　　D．should 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词表推测。句意：那边那个女孩可能是埃拉，但我不确定。might“可能”表示不确定的推测。故选A。 25．We ______ run in the library. It’s a quiet place. A．needn’t　　　B．don’t have to　　　C．could　　　D．mustn’t 【答案】D 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：我们禁止在图书馆奔跑，那里很安静。mustn’t“禁止”符合语境。故选D。 26．After ______, he returned to his hometown to work. A．graduation　　　B．graduate　　　C．graduated　　　D．graduating 【答案】A 【详解】考查名词。句意：毕业后，他回到家乡工作。after后接名词graduation“毕业”。故选A。 27．Zhan Tianyou was a ______ engineer. His work was excellent. A．brilliance　　　B．brilliant　　　C．brilliantly　　　D．brilliant of 【答案】B 【详解】考查形容词。句意：詹天佑是一位杰出的工程师。brilliant“杰出的”修饰名词engineer。故选B。 28．He is the ______ engineer of the project. A．chief of　　　B．chief’s　　　C．chief　　　D．chiefly 【答案】C 【详解】考查形容词。句意：他是这个项目的总工程师。chief“总的；主要的”作定语修饰engineer。故选C。 29．China has ______ building the largest high-speed railway system in the world. A．succeeded　　　B．success　　　C．successful　　　D．succeeded in 【答案】D 【详解】考查动词短语。句意：中国已成功建成世界上最大的高铁系统。succeed in doing sth.“成功做成某事”。故选D。 30．The railway was completed two years ______ schedule. A．ahead　　　B．ahead of　　　C．in front of　　　D．before of 【答案】B 【详解】考查介词短语。句意：这条铁路比计划提前两年建成。ahead of schedule“提前于计划”。故选B。 第二节：交际用语　(共20分) (一)　选择　(共10小题，每小题1分) 看下面10组小对话，根据文字提供的信息，从A、B、C、D四个选项选出符合对话情景和含义的最佳选项。 31．— Could you help me check my composition? — ________. I’m available now. A．My pleasure B．With pleasure C．That’s right D．It’s nothing 【答案】B 【详解】考查情景交际辨析。句意：——你能帮我检查一下作文吗？——乐意效劳。我现在有空。A. My pleasure不客气；B. With pleasure乐意效劳；C. That’s right没错；D. It’s nothing没什么。根据后文“I’m available now”可知，说话人愿意帮忙。故选B项。 32．— I don’t think I will ever speak English well. — Don’t be so sad. ________ and you’ll see progress in time. A．Take short cuts B．Forget about it C．Keep your spirits up D．Stick to the point 【答案】C 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我觉得我永远也学不好英语。——别这么伤心。保持乐观，你迟早会有所进步的。A. Take short cuts走捷径；B. Forget about it别提了；C. Keep your spirits up保持乐观；D. Stick to the point专注于重点。根据后文“you’ll see progress in time”可知是在鼓励保持乐观，迟早会有所进步。故选C。 33．— Can you think of an important event in history? 　　— ______ A． The invention of the Internet.　　　B．Yes, I can.　　　 C．No, I can’t.　　 　 D．It’s important. 【答案】A 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——你能想到历史上的重要事件吗？——互联网的发明。询问具体事件，应回答事件。故选A。 34．— How can I improve my invention? 　　— ______ A．You could ask your teacher for help.　　　B．You’re welcome. C．It’s too bad.　　　 D．Never mind. 【答案】A 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我怎样才能改进我的发明？——你可以请老师帮忙。询问建议，应给出建议。故选A。 35．．— Shall I order a taxi for Grace to go to the airport tonight? — ________. I’ll drive her there. A．Have a try B．Don’t mention it C．Don’t bother D．Go ahead 【答案】C 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——需要我帮Grace叫一辆出租车今晚去机场吗？——不用麻烦了，我开车送她去。A. Have a try试一试；B. Don’t mention it不客气；C. Don’t bother不用麻烦了；D. Go ahead去吧，做吧。根据空后“I’ll drive her there”可知，“我”开车送她去，不用麻烦叫出租车了。故选C项。 36．— I often forget to lock the door. 　　— ______ A． You must be more careful.　　　B．That’s too bad.　　 　 C．Good luck.　　　 D．You’re welcome. 【答案】A 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我经常忘记锁门。——你必须更小心。对对方的问题给出告诫，用You must be more careful。故选A。 37．—I heard you’re applying for that summer program. How’s it going? —Perfect! ________. I’m really full of confidence. A．It’s out of the question B．It ticks all the right boxes C．I can’t complain D．Don’t mention it 【答案】B 【详解】考查短语辨析与情景交际。句意：—— 我听说你在申请那个暑期项目，进展如何？—— 非常好！各方面都很合适，我充满信心。A. It’s out of the question不可能；B. It ticks all the right boxes各方面都符合要求、完美契合；C. I can’t complain还不错、没什么可抱怨的；D. Don’t mention it不客气。根据句意和“Perfect! I’m really full of confidence”可知，这里表示申请情况非常理想，各项条件都符合，It ticks all the right boxes符合语境。故选B项。 38．— I have too much work to do. 　　— ______ A．You might ask your coworkers for help.　　　B．That’s great. C．Good luck.　　　 D．You’re welcome. 【答案】A 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我有太多工作要做。——你可以请同事帮忙。给出建议，A选项符合。故选A。 39．— A warning sign should be put up there. ______. The bend in the road is too sharp. A．I don’t get it B．That’s a good point C．It’s up to you D．I’d love to 【答案】B 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——那里应该竖起一个警示标志。——说得有道理。这条路的弯道太急了。A.I don’t get it我不明白；B. That’s a good point说得有道理；C. It’s up to you由你决定；D.I’d love to我愿意。根据答语后一句“The bend in the road is too sharp.”可知，说话者认同对方“应该竖警示标志”的观点。故选B项。 40．— I think more trees should be planted to prevent sandstorms. — ______. The quality of air in Beijing is worse this year. A．It’s hard to say B．That’s all right C．You’re absolutely right D．Don’t mention it 【答案】C 【详解】考查情景交际。句意：——我认为应该种更多的树来预防沙尘暴。——你说得完全对。今年北京的空气质量更差了。A. It’s hard to say很难说；B.That’s all right没关系，不用谢；C.You’re absolutely right你完全正确；D.Don’t mention it不客气，不用谢。前一句提出观点，后一句用空气质量变差的事实表示赞同，“You’re absolutely right”表示完全同意对方看法，其余选项均不符合语境。故选C。 (二)　补全对话　(共5小题，每小题1分) 根据下面一段对话，从A、B、C、D、E、F、G七个选项中选出五个选项补全到空缺处，使对话完整、符合情景和含义。 A: Can you think of an important person in Chinese history? B: ____41____ A: Why is that? B: ____42____ A: That’s impressive. ____43____ B: Yes, he also trained many young Chinese engineers. A: ____44____ B: I think so. His spirit still inspires us today. A: ____45____ A．Zhan Tianyou. B．He built the first railway designed by Chinese engineers. C．Did he do anything else? D．He is a true hero. E．I agree with you. F．I’m sorry to hear that. G．Thank you very much. 【答案】41．A　　42．B　　43．C　　44．D　　45．E 【导语】本文是一段关于中国历史上的重要人物詹天佑的对话。 【详解】41．根据上文“an important person in Chinese history”可知，回答人名，选项A“詹天佑。”符合语境。故选A。 42．根据上文“Why is that?”可知，回答原因，选项B“他建成了第一条由中国人设计的铁路。”符合语境。故选B。 43．根据下文“Yes, he also trained many young engineers”可知，上文询问是否还做了别的，选项C“他还做了别的吗？”符合语境。故选C。 44．根据下文“I think so”可知，上文是表达看法，选项D“他是一位真正的英雄。”符合语境。故选D。 45．根据上文“His spirit still inspires us today”可知，表示赞同，选项E“我同意你的看法。”符合语境。故选E。 （三）匹配：中英文短语匹配　(共5小题，每小题1分) 请将I栏中常见中文告示、指令与II栏中的英文进行匹配      Ⅰ 46 应急车道 47 严禁攀折 48 电动游览车 49 紧急时击碎玻璃 50 电子检票口 Ⅱ A．No Overtaking B．Sightseeing Boat C． Break Glass in Emergency D．Emergency Vehicle Lane E. E-ticket Check-in F. No Picking G. Sightseeing Trolley 【答案】46．D 47．F 48．G 49．C 50．E 【解析】46．考查名词短语。“应急车道”。应急的：Emergency，形容词作定语；车道：Vehicle Lane，名词短语。应急车道：Emergency Vehicle Lane。故选D。 47．考查动名词短语。“严禁攀折”，即“不要攀折”。不要：No ，否定限定词；攀折：Picking，动名词。不要攀折：No Picking。故选F。 48．考查名词短语。“电动游览车”，即“观光电动车”。观光：Sightseeing，动名词作定语；电动车： Trolley，名词。电动游览车：Sightseeing Trolley。故选G。 49．考查动词短语。“紧急时击碎玻璃”，即“在紧急的情况下击碎玻璃”。在紧急的情况下：in Emergency ，介宾短语作时间状语；击碎：Break，及物动语；玻璃：Glass，名词作宾语。紧急时击碎玻璃：Break Glass in Emergency。故选C。 50．考查名词短语。“ 电子检票口”，即“电子票登机手续办理处”。电子票： E-ticket ，名词作定语；登机手续办理处： Check-in，名词。电子检票口：E-ticket Check-in。故选E。 第三节：完形填空　(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Florence Nightingale was a famous British nurse. She is ____51____ as the founder of modern nursing. She was born in 1820 in a rich family. When she was young, Nightingale decided to ____52____ a nurse, although her parents did not agree. At that time, nursing was not a ____53____ job for rich girls. But she did not ____54____ up her dream. During a war, Nightingale went to a military hospital to help the ____55____ soldiers. She worked very hard day and night. She often walked around the hospital at night with a lamp to ____56____ the sick soldiers. That is why people called her "the Lady with the Lamp." She ____57____ many difficulties, but she never stopped helping others. She also ____58____ a nursing school to train more nurses. Her work has ____59____ many lives. Nightingale’s spirit of love and hard work has inspired nurses all over the world. She showed us that one person ____60____ make a great difference to the world. 51．A．known　　　 B．know　　　 C．knows　　　 D．knowing 52．A．becomes　　　B．become　　　C．became　　　 D．becoming 53．A．respect　　 　B．respectful　　　C．respected　　　D．respecting 54．A．give　　　 B．gives　　 　C．gave　　　 D．given 55．A．sickly　　　 B．sick　　　 C．sickness　　　 D．sick of 56．A．look for　　　B．look up　　 　C．look after　　　 D．look at 57．A．overcame　　　B．overcomes　　　C．overcome　　　D．overcoming 58．A．set off　　 　B．set up　　　 C．set out　　　 D．set down 59．A．save　　　 B．saves　　　 C．saved　　　 D．saving 60．A．can　　　 B．must　　　 C．should　　　 D．need 【答案】51．A　　52．B　　53．C　　54．A　　55．B　　56．C　　57．A　　58．B　　59．C　　60．A 【详解】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了现代护理创始人弗洛伦斯·南丁格尔的生平事迹。 51．考查动词。句意：她被誉为现代护理的创始人。be known as“被誉为”。故选A。 52．考查动词。句意：南丁格尔决定当一名护士。decide to do sth.，用动词原形become。故选B。 53．考查形容词。句意：当时护理对富家女孩来说不是一份受尊敬的职业。respected“受尊敬的”。故选C。 54．考查动词。句意：但她没有放弃梦想。give up“放弃”。故选A。 55．考查形容词。句意：帮助生病的士兵。sick“生病的”修饰soldiers。故选B。 56．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她提着灯照顾生病的士兵。look after“照顾”符合语境。故选C。 57．考查动词。句意：她克服了许多困难。用过去时overcame。故选A。 58．考查动词短语辨析。句意：她还创办了一所护理学校。set up“建立”符合语境。故选B。 59．考查动词。句意：她的工作挽救了许多生命。has saved为现在完成时。故选C。 60．考查情态动词。句意：她告诉我们一个人就能改变世界。can“能够”符合语境。故选A。 第三部分　阅读理解（共三节，满分 30 分） 第一节：选择　(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下列短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 (A) There are two important railways between Beijing and Zhangjiakou. One was built more than 100 years ago, and the other is one of the most modern railways in the world today. Both of them are great works in the history of Chinese railways. By comparing them, we can see how much railway technology has developed. Here is a comparison of their key information. Jingzhang Railway Opened: 1909 Length: About 200 kilometers Type of train: Steam locomotives Top speed: 35 kilometers an hour Power: Coal Chief engineer: Zhan Tianyou Note: It was the first railway designed and built completely by Chinese engineers. The railway had to go through an area of hills and mountains, and many people thought it was impossible to build at that time. Jingzhang High-Speed Railway Opened: 2019 Length: About 174 kilometers Type of train: High-speed electric trains Top speed: 350 kilometers an hour Power: Electricity Note: It is one of the most modern and intelligent railways in the world. It makes travel between the two cities very fast, and it shows the great progress China has made in railway technology over the past century. These two railways show how much railway technology has developed over the past century. The old railway took about five years to build, while the new one was completed in a much shorter time with the help of modern technology. They are both symbols of China’s progress and the wisdom and hard work of Chinese engineers from different times. 61．When was the Jingzhang Railway opened? A．In 1909.　　　B．In 1919.　　　C．In 2009.　　　D．In 2019. 62．What was the top speed of the Jingzhang Railway? A．24 kilometers an hour.　　　B．35 kilometers an hour. C．174 kilometers an hour.　　　D．350 kilometers an hour. 63．What kind of power does the Jingzhang High-Speed Railway use? A．Coal.　　　B．Steam.　　　C．Electricity.　　　D．Gas. 64．Who was the chief engineer of the Jingzhang Railway? A．George Stephenson.　　　B．Zhan Tianyou.　　　 C．Cai Lun.　　 　D．Thomas Edison. 65．What do the two railways show? A．Railway technology has developed a lot. B．Railways are no longer useful. C．The two railways are the same. D．China has the slowest trains. 【答案】61．A　　62．B　　63．C　　64．B　　65．A 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，对比了京张铁路和京张高铁的关键信息。 【详解】61．细节理解题。根据“Jingzhang Railway...Opened: 1909”可知，京张铁路1909年通车。故选A。 62．细节理解题。根据“Top speed: 35 kilometers an hour”可知，京张铁路时速35千米。故选B。 63．细节理解题。根据“Jingzhang High-Speed Railway...Power: Electricity”可知，京张高铁使用电力。故选C。 64．细节理解题。根据“Chief engineer: Zhan Tianyou”可知，总工程师是詹天佑。故选B。 65．细节理解题。根据“show how much railway technology has developed”可知，两条铁路展示了铁路技术的巨大发展。故选A。 (B) Trains have changed how people travel and have brought so much convenience to our lives. Let us look at how trains have developed over time. George Stephenson, a British engineer, is known as the father of railways. In 1825, he built the world’s first passenger train. The train used steam to move and could go only 24 kilometers an hour. People consider the day it first ran, September 27, 1825, as the beginning of railway transportation. In 1964, Japan built the world’s first high-speed railway. These trains used electricity and could travel 210 kilometers an hour. This was more than eight times faster than Stephenson’s first train. Today, China leads the world in high-speed railways. China has the longest high-speed railway network and the fastest trains. High-speed railways can now reach most parts of the country, from the high mountains in the west to the busy cities in the east, and from the snowy lands in the north to the warm seaside in the south. High-speed trains have also changed people’s lives. In the past, a trip that took a whole day now takes only a few hours. People can go to work or visit friends in another city more easily. Many people choose to live in one city and work in another, thanks to the fast and convenient high-speed railway. From steam to electricity, trains have become faster and faster. They not only carry people and goods, but also connect cities, people and cultures together. The story of trains is really a story of human progress. 66．Who is known as the father of railways? A．George Stephenson.　　　B．Zhan Tianyou.　　 　C．Cai Lun.　　　 D．Thomas Edison. 67．How fast could the first passenger train go? A．24 kilometers an hour.　　　B．210 kilometers an hour. C．350 kilometers an hour.　　　D．174 kilometers an hour. 68．Which country built the world’s first high-speed railway? A．China.　　　B．Britain.　　　C．Japan.　　　D．America. 69．What is China’s position in high-speed railways today? A．China is far behind other countries. B．China leads the world in high-speed railways. C．China has no high-speed railways. D．China has the slowest trains. 70．What is the passage mainly about? A．The history and development of trains. B．How to build a train. C．The life of George Stephenson. D．The fastest train in the world. 【答案】66．A　　67．A　　68．C　　69．B　　70．A 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了火车从蒸汽时代到高铁时代的发展历程。 【详解】66．细节理解题。根据“George Stephenson...is known as the father of railways”可知，斯蒂芬森是铁路之父。故选A。 67．细节理解题。根据“could go only 24 kilometers an hour”可知，第一列客运火车时速24千米。故选A。 68．细节理解题。根据“In 1964, Japan built the world’s first high-speed railway”可知，日本建成第一条高铁。故选C。 69．细节理解题。根据“China leads the world in high-speed railways”可知，中国在高铁领域领先世界。故选B。 70．主旨大意题。全文介绍火车的历史与发展。故选A。 (C) Great inventions have made our life much easier, but they also bring some problems. Should we welcome every new invention without thinking? Different people may give different answers. On the one hand, inventions bring us great convenience. The Internet lets us find information and talk with people anywhere in the world. High-speed trains carry us to faraway places in just a few hours. Machines help us do heavy and dangerous work. Medical inventions have saved countless lives. It is hard to imagine our life without these inventions. On the other hand, some inventions also cause problems. Cars and factories make the air dirty. Spending too much time on smartphones is bad for our eyes and health. Some machines have taken away people’s jobs, and some people become lazy because machines do everything for them. Besides, some people waste too much time on games and forget to spend time with their family. In my opinion, inventions themselves are neither good nor bad. The key is how we use them. If we use them wisely, they can make the world a better place. If we use them in the wrong way, they may bring us trouble. So we should learn to enjoy the benefits of inventions while avoiding their problems, and always remember to use technology to help, not to harm. 71．What is the passage mainly about? A．How to invent new things. B．The advantages and disadvantages of inventions. C．The history of inventions. D．How to use the Internet. 72．What is one advantage of inventions mentioned in the passage? A．They make the air dirty. B．They help us do heavy and dangerous work. C．They make people lazy. D．They take away people’s jobs. 73．What problem do some machines cause? A．They make people smarter. B．They have taken away people’s jobs. C．They make the air cleaner. D．They make travel slower. 74．What is the writer’s opinion about inventions? A．They are all good.　　　 B．They are all bad. C．The key is how we use them.　　　D．We should not use them. 75．Which word best describes the writer’s attitude? A．One-sided.　　　B．Unclear.　　　C．Negative.　　　D．Balanced.　　 【答案】71．B　　72．B　　73．B　　74．C　　75．D 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，论述了发明的优点和缺点，并指出关键在于如何明智地使用。 【详解】71．主旨大意题。全文围绕发明的优点与缺点展开。故选B。 72．细节理解题。根据“Machines help us do heavy and dangerous work”可知，机器帮助我们做繁重危险的工作。故选B。 73．细节理解题。根据“Some machines have taken away people’s jobs”可知，一些机器夺走了人们的饭碗。故选B。 74．观点态度题。根据“The key is how we use them”可知，作者认为关键在于如何使用。故选C。 75．观点态度题。作者既谈优点也谈缺点，态度是平衡客观的。故选D。 第二节：判断（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分） 请根据下面的短文内容判断下列句子，如果正确就选“T”，如果错误就选“F”，如果文中没有提到就选“N”。 Wang Ming is a student at a vocational school. Last month, he took part in a national invention competition for students, and he won the first prize. Wang Ming’s invention is a small smart box. The box can help old people remember to take their medicine on time. It has a small screen that shows the time, and it can ring to remind the user. It is simple but very useful. The idea came from Wang Ming’s own life. His grandmother often forgot to take her medicine, and this worried the whole family. So Wang Ming decided to design something to help her. He spent about half a year designing and improving the box. Wang Ming said he met many difficulties during the process, but he never gave up. He believes that as long as we keep trying, we can overcome any difficulty and succeed in the end. His teachers and classmates are all very proud of him. Now Wang Ming hopes to make more useful things in the future to help people in need. He also wants to encourage other students to try their own ideas, because he thinks every small idea may grow into something great. 76．Wang Ming won the first prize in a national invention competition. 77．Wang Ming’s invention can help old people take their medicine on time. 78．Wang Ming spent about a year designing the smart box. 79．Wang Ming gave up when he met difficulties. 80．Wang Ming’s grandmother is a teacher. 【答案】76．T　　77．T　　78．F　　79．F　　80．N 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了职校学生王明发明智能药盒并获得全国发明比赛一等奖的故事。 【详解】76．细节理解题。根据“he won the first prize”可知，王明获得一等奖。故填T。 77．细节理解题。根据“help old people remember to take their medicine on time”可知，发明能帮老人按时吃药。故填T。 78．细节理解题。根据“about half a year”可知，用了半年，而非一年。故填F。 79．细节理解题。根据“he never gave up”可知，他没有放弃。故填F。 80．细节理解题。文中未提及奶奶的职业。故填N。 第三节：简答（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 请根据以下短文内容，回答短文后面的问题，答题回答词数不得超过10个单词。 Dear students, We are happy to announce that our school will organize a visit to the Science and Technology Museum next Saturday. The visit will last from 9:00 a.m. to 3:00 p.m. At the museum, you can see many great inventions in history, from the first train to the modern smartphone. You can also try some interesting science experiments by yourself. A guide will tell us the stories behind these inventions, and you can ask questions if you are interested. The museum is about 20 kilometers from our school, so we will go there by bus. The bus will leave from the school gate at 8:00 a.m. Please arrive on time and do not be late. The ticket is 30 yuan for each student. Please pay the money to your class teacher before Friday. Remember to bring your student card and some water. We will have lunch at the museum restaurant at noon. We hope you will learn a lot from this visit and have a good time. If you have any questions, please ask your class teacher, and they will be happy to help you. Best regards, The Student Union 81．When will the visit to the museum take place? __________________________________ 82．How will students go to the museum? __________________________________ 83．When will the bus leave from the school gate? __________________________________ 84．How much is the ticket for each student? __________________________________ 85．What should students remember to bring? __________________________________ 【答案】81．Next Saturday.　　82．By bus.　　83．At 8:00 a.m.　　84．30 yuan.　　85．Their student cards and some water. 【导语】本文是学生会关于组织学生参观科技馆的通知。 【详解】81．根据“next Saturday”可知，参观在下周六。故填Next Saturday. 82．根据“we will go there by bus”可知，乘公交车去。故填By bus. 83．根据“The bus will leave from the school gate at 8:00 a.m.”可知，早上8点从校门口出发。故填At 8:00 a.m. 84．根据“The ticket is 30 yuan for each student”可知，每位学生30元。故填30 yuan. 85．根据“bring your student card and some water”可知，应带学生证和一些水。故填Their student cards and some water. 第四部分　书面表达（共两节，满分20分） 第一节：英汉互译（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分） 将86-88句译为中文，将89及90句括号里的中文译为英文。 86．He must be a great engineer. His work is excellent. ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】他一定是一位杰出的工程师，他的工作非常出色。 【详解】考查句子翻译。must be：一定是（表推测）；brilliant：杰出的。故本句译为：他一定是一位杰出的工程师，他的工作非常出色。 87．We should overcome difficulties and never give up. ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】我们应该克服困难，永不放弃。 【详解】考查句子翻译。overcome：克服；give up：放弃。故本句译为：我们应该克服困难，永不放弃。 88．The high-speed railway makes travel much faster. ____________________________________________________________ 【答案】高铁让出行变得快多了。 【详解】考查句子翻译。high-speed railway：高铁；make travel faster：让出行更快。故本句译为：高铁让出行变得快多了。 89．You ______ (不必) bring your umbrella. It’s sunny today. 【答案】don’t have to / needn’t 【详解】考查情态动词。句意：你不必带伞，今天是晴天。“不必”对应的英文为don’t have to或needn’t。故填don’t have to / needn’t。 90．Cai Lun ______ (改进) paper-making in the Han Dynasty. 【答案】improved 【详解】考查动词。句意：蔡伦在汉代改进了造纸术。此处用一般过去时，“改进”对应的英文为improve的过去式improved。故填improved。 第二节：应用文写作（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分） 请根据括号中的汉语提示，将文章补充完整。 请根据括号里的中文信息将内容补充完整，并将答案填写在答题卡上。 Dear Peter, I’m glad to 91 (收到) you and I’d like to have a simple reply to your question about students sports in my school. There is a big playground in my school, where many sports 92 (活动) used to be held. But now it hasn’t been able to 93 (使满意) students’ requirement of sports, so a big 94 (体育馆) is being built up near the playground. Soon lots of main sports projects such as basketball, table tennis and 95 (排球比赛) in my school can 96 (举行) there and we will have 97 (机会) to have all kinds of exercise, even though it’s rainy. As you know, table tennis is the national ball in my country. So you should know what my 98 (最喜欢的) sports program is. Yes, I’m crazy about 99 (打乒乓球) and my dream is to be a national table tennis player in the future. What about students sports in your school? And what is the sport you like best? I’m 100 (盼望) your reply. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】 91．hear from 92．activities 93．satisfy 94．gym/gymnasium 95．volleyball matches 96．be held 97．opportunities 98．favorite 99．playing table tennis 100．looking forward to 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。李华给彼得回信，介绍自己学校学生体育方面的情况，包括学校原有的操场及过往体育活动、正在兴建体育馆的缘由、未来体育馆可举办的体育项目，还谈及个人最喜欢的乒乓球运动以及梦想，最后询问彼得学校的体育情况并期待回复。 91．考查动词短语。句意：我很高兴收到你的来信，并想简单回复你关于我们学校学生体育活动的问题。中文提示“收到来信”的英文单词是动词短语hear from，to 为动词不定式符号，后接动词原形。故填hear from。 92．考查名词复数。句意：我们学校有一个大操场，过去许多体育活动都在那里举行。中文提示“活动”的英文单词是名词activity，由many修饰，要用其复数形式，activity的复数是activities。故填activities。 93．考查动词。句意：但现在它已经不能满足学生们对体育的需求了，所以一个大体育馆正在操场附近修建。中文提示“使满意”的英文单词是动词satisfy，be able to后接动词原形。故填satisfy。 94．考查名词。句意：但现在它已经不能满足学生们对体育的需求了，所以一个大体育馆正在操场附近修建。中文提示“体育馆”的英文单词是名词gym或gymnasium，前面有a修饰，用单数形式即可。故填gym/gymnasium。 95．考查名词短语。句意：很快，我们学校的许多主要体育项目，如篮球、乒乓球和排球比赛，都可以在那里举行，即使下雨，我们也有机会进行各种锻炼。中文提示“排球比赛”的英文单词是名词短语volleyball match，此处指各种各样的排球比赛，故用复数形式volleyball matches。故填volleyball matches。 96．考查被动语态。句意：很快，我们学校的许多主要体育项目，如篮球、乒乓球和排球比赛，都可以在那里举行，即使下雨，我们也有机会进行各种锻炼。中文提示“举行”的英文单词是动词hold，主语“lots of main sports projects”与hold是被动关系，“can”是情态动词，其被动语态结构为“can + be + 过去分词”，hold的过去分词是held。故填be held。 97．考查名词复数。句意：很快，我们学校的许多主要体育项目，如篮球、乒乓球和排球比赛，都可以在那里举行，即使下雨，我们也有机会进行各种锻炼。中文提示“机会”的英文单词是名词opportunity，这里要用复数形式表示泛指，opportunity的复数是opportunities。故填opportunities。 98．考查形容词。句意：如你所知，乒乓球是我国的国球。所以你应该知道我最喜欢的体育项目是什么。中文提示“最喜欢的”的英文单词是形容词favorite，作定语修饰sports program。故填favorite。 99．考查动名词短语。句意：是的，我热衷于打乒乓球，我的梦想是将来成为一名国家级乒乓球运动员。中文提示“打乒乓球”的英文单词是动名词短语play table tennis，about是介词，后接动名词。故填playing table tennis。 100．考查动词短语。句意：我期待着你的回复。中文提示“盼望”的英文单词是动词短语look forward to，前面有I’m，是现在进行时。故填looking forward to。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 ( 1 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $