Unit 3 My School There be结构与方位介词(核心语法精练)2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册

2026-09-13
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该初中英语知识清单聚焦There be结构与方位介词核心语法。从There be主谓一致、否定疑问及简略回答的基本规则出发,延伸至in、on、under等方位介词及between...and...结构的应用,构建从基础语法到空间位置表达的学习支架。 知识链路以核心规则图谱为统领,通过考点精讲(含核心规则、例句及避坑提醒)衔接精练题(单选、语法填空、句型转换等)。亮点在于结合易错点辨析提升思维品质,通过情境化练习强化语言能力,习题覆盖主谓一致、介词搭配等关键考点,体现结构化与应用导向的学科学习方法。

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Unit 3 My School There be结构与方位介词 核心语法精练 解析版 姓名:___________ 班级:___________ 学号:___________ 得分:___________ 一、 核心规则图谱与考点精讲 考点 基本结构 使用要点 易错提醒 There be主谓一致 There is + 单数名词; There are + 复数名词 主语单数/不可数用is,复数用are;多个并列主语看第一个(就近原则)。 遇到多个并列主语时误用are,忽视第一个主语是单数。 There be否定与疑问 There is/are not...; Is/Are there...? 否定句be后加not,疑问句be提前;在此类常规转换中some变any。 否定句或疑问句中忘记将肯定句中的some改为any。 There be简略回答 Yes, there is/are. No, there isn't/aren't. 答句主语固定用there,不能用it或they等人称/指示代词。 简答时误用 Yes, it is. 或 Yes, they are. 方位介词(短语) in, on, under, behind, in front of, next to, across from 表达空间相对位置:in front of在外部前面,across from在对面。 混淆 in front of(外部前面)与 in the front of(内部前部)。 between...and... between + 地点A + and + 地点B 表达“在……和……之间”时,between 与 and 搭配使用。 误将 between...and... 中的 and 错写为 with 或 or。 1. There be 结构的主谓一致与就近原则 【核心规则】There be 结构表示“某地有某物”。主语为单数可数名词或不可数名词时用 is,复数名词用 are;若有多个并列主语,be 动词单复数由最靠近它的第一个主语决定。 【例句】There is a teachers' building across from the school hall. There are some trees in front of the sports field. 【避坑提醒】只看句末的复数名词,忽视最靠近be的名词,容易用错is或are。 2. There be 句型的否定句与一般疑问句 【核心规则】变否定句在 be 动词后加 not,变一般疑问句将 be 动词提到 there 前面并大写首字母。在此类常规转换中,句中的 some 需相应改为 any。 【例句】Is there a whiteboard in your classroom? Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. 【避坑提醒】在否定句或疑问句中忘记将 some 改为 any,或否定回答时漏掉 not。 3. 方位介词(短语)在空间位置中的应用 【核心规则】方位介词如 in, on, under, behind, next to, across from, between...and... 置于名词前,用来准确说明建筑物或物品的具体空间相对位置。 【例句】The dining hall is in front of the art building. The student centre is between the library and the gym. 【避坑提醒】漏写短语中的介词,如把 across from 错写为 across,或把 next to 错写为 next。 4. in front of 与 in the front of 的方位区别 【核心规则】in front of 表示在某物体或建筑物外部的前面;in the front of 则表示在某空间或建筑物内部的前部。 【例句】in front of the building(楼的前面);in the front of the classroom(教室内部的前部)。 【避坑提醒】混淆内部与外部空间,在表达外部前面时误加定冠词 the。 5. Where 引导的特殊疑问句及回答 【核心规则】询问人、物或场所的具体地理位置时,用疑问词 Where 引导特殊疑问句,结构为“Where + is/are + 主语...?”,回答时直接用介词短语说明地点。 【例句】Where is the library? It is behind the classroom building. 【避坑提醒】回答 Where 引导的特殊疑问句时习惯性加上 Yes 或 No,导致语用错误。 二、 单元核心语法精练题 一、 单项选择(每小题在所给选项中选出最佳答案) 1.There ________ any bookcases in the office. A.isn't B.aren't C.am not 【答案】B 【解析】句中主语 bookcases 为复数名词,There be 句型中的 be 动词应用 are,变否定句在 are 后加 not 缩写为 aren't。 2.There ________ some hamburgers and some soup for you on the table. A.have B.has C.is D.are 【答案】D 【解析】There be 句型遵循“就近原则”,离 be 动词最近的名词是复数 hamburgers,因此 be 动词应用 are。 3.There ________ many animals on the farm. A.am B.is C.be D.are 【答案】D 【解析】主语 many animals 为复数名词,There be 句型中的 be 动词应用复数形式 are,表达“农场上有许多动物”。 4.—________ a library near where you live? —Yes, there is. A.Is it B.Is this C.Is that D.Is there 【答案】D 【解析】根据答语 Yes, there is. 可知问句为 There be 句型的一般疑问句,主语 a library 为单数,疑问句开头填 Is there。 5.Our school is ________ Zhongshan Road. A.of B.on C.from D.at 【答案】B 【解析】在英语中,表示“在……街道上”习惯使用介词 on,句中 on Zhongshan Road 意为“在中山路上”。 6.The hospital is in front of the gym. The gym is ________ the hospital. A.under B.behind C.on 【答案】B 【解析】前句表达“医院在体育馆前面”,推知体育馆就在医院的后面,故选表示“在……后面”的方位介词 behind。 7.There ________ a library and two music halls in the school. A.are B.is C.have D.has 【答案】B 【解析】There be 句型遵循就近原则,离 be 动词最近的主语是单数名词 a library,故 be 动词应用单数形式 is。 8.—Do you have to go across the street (街道) to get home? —Yes. My home is ________ the school. A.behind B.between C.across from D.in front of 【答案】C 【解析】由问句中的 go across the street(穿过街道)及肯定回答可知,我家在学校对面,应选介词短语 across from。 9.—Do you mean the new library is opposite our school? —Yes. It's ________ our school. A.across from B.among C.through D.over 【答案】A 【解析】opposite 意为“在……对面”,与介词短语 across from 同义,表达新图书馆在我们学校对面。 10.There's a screen ________ the wall. A.in B.on C.at D.for 【答案】B 【解析】屏幕悬挂在墙壁的表面上,表示“在……表面上”应用介词 on,句意为“墙上有一个屏幕”。 11.The teacher's desk is ________ the blackboard. A.in front of B.in the front of C.front of 【答案】A 【解析】讲台位于黑板的前方,属于空间外部的前面,不属于黑板内部,故应用介词短语 in front of。 12.— _________ some important news on the radio this morning? — Sure, it's all about the school sports meeting. A.Is there B.Are there C.Have there D.Has there 【答案】A 【解析】news 是不可数名词,There be 句型中的 be 动词用 is;一般疑问句将 Is 提到句首,故选 Is there。 二、 语法填空(根据句意在空白处填入恰当的单词或适当形式) 13.I sit ________ Mike and Jane. 【答案】between 【解析】由后文 Mike and Jane 可知,表达“坐在迈克和简两人中间”,应用介词 between,构成 between...and... 结构。 14.My house is across ________ the museum.(用适当的介词填空) 【答案】from 【解析】表达“在……对面”使用固定介词短语 across from,句中已有 across,故空处填介词 from。 15.A bookstore is a________ (在……对面) from our school. 【答案】across(已给首字母a,空处填cross) 【解析】由首字母 a 及中文提示“在……对面”可知,考查介词短语 across from,原题给出了首字母 a,故填 cross(整体为 across)。 16.Where ________ (be) the teachers' office? 【答案】is 【解析】询问场所位置用一般现在时,主语 the teachers' office 核心名词是单数 office,be 动词填 is。 三、 句型转换与完成句子(按要求改写句子或完成句子) 17.There are sixty pictures in the box. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ pictures ________ ________ in the box? 【答案】How; many; are; there 【解析】对可数名词数量 sixty 提问用疑问词 How many,修饰复数名词 pictures,把 are 提前置于 there 之前构成倒装。 18.There is a large screen in Sun Cinema. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ there in Sun Cinema? 【答案】What; is 【解析】划线部分 a large screen 表示事物,对此提问用疑问词 What,句中单数 be 动词 is 提至 there 前,填 What is。 19.There is a pencil case on the desk. (对画线部分提问) ________ on the desk? 【答案】What's / What is 【解析】对句中主语 a pencil case 提问用疑问词 What 代替主语,与 be 动词 is 连用填 What's 或 What is。 20.The blackboard is behind the teacher's desk. (写出同义句) The teacher's desk is ________ ________ ________ the blackboard. 【答案】in; front; of 【解析】原句“黑板在讲台后面”可改写为“讲台在黑板前面”,表示外部前面的介词短语填 in front of。 21.Is there any milk in the tea? (作否定回答) ________, ________ ________. 【答案】No; there; isn't 【解析】对 Is there 引导的疑问句作否定回答,依次填写 No, there isn't。 22.Is there a library in the school?(请进行否定回答) No, ________ ________. 【答案】there; isn't 【解析】对 Is there a library...? 作否定回答,答句填 there isn't。 23.There are some computers in the library. (改为否定句) ___________________________________ 【答案】There aren't any computers in the library. 【解析】There be 句型变否定句在 are 后加 not 缩写为 aren't,同时须将肯定句中的 some 改为 any。 24.millions of, there are, on earth, plants (.) ________________________________. 【答案】There are millions of plants on earth. 【解析】组合为 There be 句型表达“地球上有数百万株植物”,首字母大写,末尾用句号。 25.behind, the, is, building, classroom, the, dining hall (?) (连词成句) ___________________________________ 【答案】Is the dining hall behind the classroom building? / Is the classroom building behind the dining hall? 【解析】将词汇连成一般疑问句,Is 置于句首,behind 连接两个建筑物名词短语,句末用问号。 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $ Unit 3 My School There be结构与方位介词 核心语法精练 原卷版 姓名:___________ 班级:___________ 学号:___________ 得分:___________ 一、 核心规则图谱与考点精讲 考点 基本结构 使用要点 易错提醒 There be主谓一致 There is + 单数名词; There are + 复数名词 主语单数/不可数用is,复数用are;多个并列主语看第一个(就近原则)。 遇到多个并列主语时误用are,忽视第一个主语是单数。 There be否定与疑问 There is/are not...; Is/Are there...? 否定句be后加not,疑问句be提前;在此类常规转换中some变any。 否定句或疑问句中忘记将肯定句中的some改为any。 There be简略回答 Yes, there is/are. No, there isn't/aren't. 答句主语固定用there,不能用it或they等人称/指示代词。 简答时误用 Yes, it is. 或 Yes, they are. 方位介词(短语) in, on, under, behind, in front of, next to, across from 表达空间相对位置:in front of在外部前面,across from在对面。 混淆 in front of(外部前面)与 in the front of(内部前部)。 between...and... between + 地点A + and + 地点B 表达“在……和……之间”时,between 与 and 搭配使用。 误将 between...and... 中的 and 错写为 with 或 or。 1. There be 结构的主谓一致与就近原则 【核心规则】There be 结构表示“某地有某物”。主语为单数可数名词或不可数名词时用 is,复数名词用 are;若有多个并列主语,be 动词单复数由最靠近它的第一个主语决定。 【例句】There is a teachers' building across from the school hall. There are some trees in front of the sports field. 【避坑提醒】只看句末的复数名词,忽视最靠近be的名词,容易用错is或are。 2. There be 句型的否定句与一般疑问句 【核心规则】变否定句在 be 动词后加 not,变一般疑问句将 be 动词提到 there 前面并大写首字母。在此类常规转换中,句中的 some 需相应改为 any。 【例句】Is there a whiteboard in your classroom? Yes, there is. / No, there isn't. 【避坑提醒】在否定句或疑问句中忘记将 some 改为 any,或否定回答时漏掉 not。 3. 方位介词(短语)在空间位置中的应用 【核心规则】方位介词如 in, on, under, behind, next to, across from, between...and... 置于名词前,用来准确说明建筑物或物品的具体空间相对位置。 【例句】The dining hall is in front of the art building. The student centre is between the library and the gym. 【避坑提醒】漏写短语中的介词,如把 across from 错写为 across,或把 next to 错写为 next。 4. in front of 与 in the front of 的方位区别 【核心规则】in front of 表示在某物体或建筑物外部的前面;in the front of 则表示在某空间或建筑物内部的前部。 【例句】in front of the building(楼的前面);in the front of the classroom(教室内部的前部)。 【避坑提醒】混淆内部与外部空间,在表达外部前面时误加定冠词 the。 5. Where 引导的特殊疑问句及回答 【核心规则】询问人、物或场所的具体地理位置时,用疑问词 Where 引导特殊疑问句,结构为“Where + is/are + 主语...?”,回答时直接用介词短语说明地点。 【例句】Where is the library? It is behind the classroom building. 【避坑提醒】回答 Where 引导的特殊疑问句时习惯性加上 Yes 或 No,导致语用错误。 二、 单元核心语法精练题 一、 单项选择(每小题在所给选项中选出最佳答案) 1.There ________ any bookcases in the office. A.isn't B.aren't C.am not 2.There ________ some hamburgers and some soup for you on the table. A.have B.has C.is D.are 3.There ________ many animals on the farm. A.am B.is C.be D.are 4.—________ a library near where you live? —Yes, there is. A.Is it B.Is this C.Is that D.Is there 5.Our school is ________ Zhongshan Road. A.of B.on C.from D.at 6.The hospital is in front of the gym. The gym is ________ the hospital. A.under B.behind C.on 7.There ________ a library and two music halls in the school. A.are B.is C.have D.has 8.—Do you have to go across the street (街道) to get home? —Yes. My home is ________ the school. A.behind B.between C.across from D.in front of 9.—Do you mean the new library is opposite our school? —Yes. It's ________ our school. A.across from B.among C.through D.over 10.There's a screen ________ the wall. A.in B.on C.at D.for 11.The teacher's desk is ________ the blackboard. A.in front of B.in the front of C.front of 12.— _________ some important news on the radio this morning? — Sure, it's all about the school sports meeting. A.Is there B.Are there C.Have there D.Has there 二、 语法填空(根据句意在空白处填入恰当的单词或适当形式) 13.I sit ________ Mike and Jane. 14.My house is across ________ the museum.(用适当的介词填空) 15.A bookstore is a________ (在……对面) from our school. 16.Where ________ (be) the teachers' office? 三、 句型转换与完成句子(按要求改写句子或完成句子) 17.There are sixty pictures in the box. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ pictures ________ ________ in the box? 18.There is a large screen in Sun Cinema. (对画线部分提问) ________ ________ there in Sun Cinema? 19.There is a pencil case on the desk. (对画线部分提问) ________ on the desk? 20.The blackboard is behind the teacher's desk. (写出同义句) The teacher's desk is ________ ________ ________ the blackboard. 21.Is there any milk in the tea? (作否定回答) ________, ________ ________. 22.Is there a library in the school?(请进行否定回答) No, ________ ________. 23.There are some computers in the library. (改为否定句) ___________________________________ 24.millions of, there are, on earth, plants (.) ________________________________. 25.behind, the, is, building, classroom, the, dining hall (?) (连词成句) ___________________________________ 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $

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Unit 3 My School There be结构与方位介词(核心语法精练)2026-2027学年人教版英语七年级上册
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