Unit2语法(复合不定代词)讲解与练习-2026-2027学年北师大版英语八年级上册

该初中英语知识清单系统梳理了复合不定代词的知识体系。从构成（some/any/every/no+thing/one/body）和核心规则（作主语谓语用单数）出发，逐步讲解定语后置、some-与any-辨析、no one/nothing区分等必考规则，进而延伸到高频短语搭配和易错点汇总，形成从基础概念到实际应用的学习支架。 知识链路按照“总览-规则-应用”逻辑清晰呈现，每个规则配有例句解析和易错警示。通过对比辨析（如everyone与every one）、否定转移等方法培养思维品质，多样化习题（填空、单选、改写、汉译英）强化语言能力，帮助学生系统掌握复合不定代词用法，提升学习效率与应用能力。

Unit2 Safety语法讲解与练习 复合不定代词详细讲解 一、复合不定代词总览 由 some /any/every /no + thing /one/body 构成，统称为复合不定代词。 核心规则：作主语时，谓语动词一律用单数。 some- （肯定句,委婉请求） any- （否定/疑问;任何） every-（每一个） no- （没有,否定含义） thing something 某物 anything 任何事物 everything 一切 nothing 没有什么 one/body someone /somebody 某人 anyone /anybody 任何人 everyone /everybody 每人 no one /nobody 没人 词义区分： some-：某事/某人（肯定句；疑问句表委婉请求建议） any-：否定、疑问；肯定句中表 “任何” every-：全部、每一个（强调整体） no-：本身带否定，句子不再加 not 二、必考语法规则 1. 定语后置：形容词修饰复合不定代词，形容词放后面 ✅ something important 重要的事情 ❌ important something（错误） 例句 1：Tell me something important about safety. 告诉我一些有关安全的重要事项。 例句 2：Is there anything dangerous in the room? 房间里有任何危险的东西吗？ 2. 谓语动词用单数 例句 1：Everyone knows the safety rules. 每个人都知道安全规则。 例句 2：Nothing is impossible if we follow the safety tips. 如果遵守安全提示，没有什么不可能。 3. 人称代词指代复合不定代词 在书面考试中，常用 he / his；现代英语也可用 they / their（中考两种都接受，写作推荐 his） 例：Everyone should do his best to keep safe. Nobody lost his way in the fire. 4. some- 和 any- 的辨析（易混难点） 肯定句用 something /somebody 否定句、一般疑问句用 anything /anybody 疑问句表请求、建议，希望得到肯定答复，用 something（高频坑点） 例句 1：Would you like something to drink before the safety lesson? 安全课前想喝点什么吗？ 例句 2：Did you see anyone hurt in the accident? 你看到事故里有人受伤吗？ 5. no one vs nothing 区分（易错） no one /nobody：指人，回答 who 提问 nothing：指物，回答 what 提问 例：—Who is in the classroom? —No one. —What’s in the box? —Nothing. 6. 否定转移 & 双重否定 nothing = not…anything；nobody = not…anybody 例句 1：I know nothing about the accident. = I don’t know anything about the accident. 例句 2：Nobody was hurt. = We didn’t see anybody hurt. 7. everyone /every one 区分 everyone = everybody，只能指人,不能接 of every one 可指人/物，后面可以加 of 短语 例句 1：Everyone learns first aid at school.（不能加 of） 例句 2：Every one of the students knows the safety rule.（可接 of） 三、高频短语搭配 something wrong 出问题；anything else 别的东西；nothing serious 不严重 everything ready 一切准备就绪；somebody else 其他人 四、易错点汇总 1.形容词后置 ✅something useful；❌useful something 2.复合不定代词作主语，谓语单数 3.希望对方肯定回答的疑问句，用 something，不用 anything 4.no - 类单词本身否定，句子不能再加 not 5.everyone不能接 of；every one of +名词复数 配套专项练习 大题一：用合适复合不定代词填空 1.There is ________ (某些重要的事) about fire safety in this book. 2.Is there ________ (任何危险的东西) in the house? 3.________ (每个人) should learn basic first aid. 4.________ (没有人) was hurt in this accident. 5.I can see ________ (没有什么) in the dark room. 6.Would you like ________ (某物) to help stop the bleeding?（委婉请求） 7.Did ________ (任何人) call for help just now? 8.________ (一切) is OK. Don’t worry about her safety. 9.There is ________ (没有严重的事). He will be fine soon. 10.________ (某人) left a first-aid box here yesterday. 11.I don’t know ________ (任何人) in that dangerous area. 12.Is ________ (任何人) ready for the safety test? 13.________ (没人) knows when the fire will stop. 14.She didn’t tell me ________ (任何事) about the accident. 15.There isn’t ________ (别的东西) we can do right now. 16.________ (每一个人) has his own way to keep safe. 17.________ (没有东西) can stop us from learning safety skills. 18.Can ________ (某人) help me move this heavy dangerous box? 19.________ (Every one / Everyone) of the children learns how to escape from fire. 20.There is ________ (wrong something / something wrong) with the machine. 21.________ (任何人) can make mistakes when facing danger. 22.I need ________ (别的某人) to check the safety equipment. 23.________ (没人) but him knows this safety secret. 24.Is there ________ (别的任何事) we should remember? 25.________ (每件事) in the first-aid bag is useful. 大题二：单项选择 1.There is ______ wrong with the safety equipment. A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 2.Is there ______ dangerous in the broken room? A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 3.Everyone ______ the safety rules in our class. A. know B. knows C. knowing D. knew 4.Would you like ______ useful for your first-aid lesson? A. something B. anything C. everything D. nothing 5.—Who is in the dangerous room? —______. A. Nothing B. No one C. Everything D. Someone 6.—What’s in that box? —______. A. Nobody B. No one C. Nothing D. Everyone 7.I didn’t see ______ hurt in the accident. A. somebody B. anybody C. everybody D. nobody 8.______ of the students knows how to call 120. A. Everyone B. Every one C. Someone D. Somebody 9.There is ______ serious. Don’t be afraid. A. nothing B. something C. anything D. everything 10.______ can be safe if he follows the rules. A. Anyone B. Someone C. Nobody D. No one 11.I need ______ else to help check the fire alarm. A. somebody B. something C. everything D. nothing 12.There isn’t ______ left in the first-aid box. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nobody 13.______ is ready. We can start the safety training. A. Nothing B. Everything C. Anyone D. Somebody 14.Nobody ______ late for the safety lecture yesterday. A. was B. were C. is D. are 15.There is ______ important in today’s safety report. A. anything B. something C. everything D. nothing 大题三：句子改写 1.I found nothing strange in the yard.（同义句，not…anything） ____________________________________________________________ 2.Someone will come to check the fire exit.（改为否定句） ____________________________________________________________ 3.Everybody knows how to protect themselves.（改为否定句，nobody） ____________________________________________________________ 4.Is there anything else we can do?（改为肯定句） ____________________________________________________________ 5.Every one of them has a first-aid kit.（改为 everyone 句型） ____________________________________________________________ 6.There is something wrong with the machine.（改为一般疑问句） ____________________________________________________________ 7.Anyone can learn first aid.（改为 Everyone 句型） ____________________________________________________________ 8.I didn’t meet anybody at the accident scene.（nothing/nobody 改写） ____________________________________________________________ 9.Everything in the bag is useful.（改为否定句） ____________________________________________________________ 大题四：汉译英 1.在事故现场，没有什么严重的情况。 ____________________________________________________________ 2.每个人都应该学习一些有用的急救知识。 ____________________________________________________________ 3.你有任何别的事情要记住吗？ ____________________________________________________________ 4.有人把急救包忘在这个房间了。 ____________________________________________________________ 5.没有人知道这个危险的秘密。 ____________________________________________________________ 6.一切准备就绪，我们开始安全演练。 ____________________________________________________________ 7.有重要的事情我要告诉你。 ____________________________________________________________ 8.在危险情况下任何人都可能犯错。 ____________________________________________________________ 9.盒子里什么都没有。 ____________________________________________________________ 10.他们中的每一个人都知道如何从火灾中逃生。 ____________________________________________________________ Keys 一、填空 1.something important 2. anything dangerous 3. Everyone / Everybody 4.Nobody / No one 5. nothing 6. something 7.anyone / anybody 8. Everything 9. nothing serious 10.Someone / Somebody 11. anyone / anybody 12. anyone / anybody 13.Nobody / No one 14. anything 15. anything else 16.Everyone / Everybody 17. Nothing 18. someone / somebody 19.Every one 20. something wrong 21. Anyone 22.somebody else 23. Nobody / No one 24. anything else 25.Everything 二、单选 1.A 2.B 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.B 9.A 10.A 11.A 12.A 13.B 14.A 15.B 三、句子改写 1.I didn’t find anything strange in the yard. 2.No one / Nobody will come to check the fire exit. 3.Nobody knows how to protect themselves. 4.There is something else we can do. 5.Everyone has a first-aid kit. 6.Is there anything wrong with the machine? 7.Everyone can learn first aid. 8.I met nobody at the accident scene. 9.Nothing in the bag is useful. 四、汉译英 1.There is nothing serious at the accident scene. 2.Everyone should learn something useful about first aid. 3.Do you have anything else to remember? 4.Someone left the first-aid kit in this room. 5.Nobody knows this dangerous secret. 6.Everything is ready. We can start the safety drill. 7.I have something important to tell you. 8.Anyone may make mistakes in dangerous situations. 9.There is nothing in the box. 10.Every one of them knows how to escape from the fire. 2 / 2 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $