内容正文:
Unit5 Culture shapes us
主
题
场
景
分
类
词
汇
一、地点环境
1.Chinatown (唐人街) We visited Chinatown last weekend.(上周末我们参观了唐人街。)
2.crowded (拥挤的;充满的) The street is very crowded on holidays.(这条街道在节假日十分拥挤。)
3.dyke (堤;坝) The dyke protects the village from floods.(堤坝保护村庄免受洪水侵害。)
4.mile (英里) The town is one mile away from here.(这座小镇距离这里一英里。)
5.collapse ((突然) 倒塌) The old wall may collapse in the heavy rain.(这面旧墙在大雨中可能会突然倒塌。)
6.noisy (吵闹的;嘈杂的) The market is really noisy in the morning.(早上这个集市十分嘈杂。)
二、饮食餐饮
1.chili (辣椒) He likes eating hot chili.(他喜欢吃辣椒。)
2.pepper (甜椒;胡椒粉) Please pass me some pepper.(请递给我一些胡椒粉。)
3.spicy (辛辣的;加有香料的) This dish is too spicy for me.(这道菜对我来说太辣了。)
4.spoon (勺子;匙) We use a spoon to drink soup.(我们用勺子喝汤。)
5.fork (餐叉;叉) Western people often use a knife and fork.(西方人经常使用刀叉。)
6.plate (盘子;碟子) Put the cake on this plate.(把蛋糕放在这个盘子上。)
7.lemon (柠檬;柠檬汁) I want some lemon in my water.(我想在水里加点柠檬。)
8.coffee (咖啡;咖啡色) My father drinks a cup of coffee every morning.(我爸爸每天早上喝一杯咖啡。)
9.pancake (烙饼;薄饼) I had a pancake for breakfast.(我早餐吃了一张薄饼。)
10.guest (客人;宾客;嘉宾) We prepared food for our guest.(我们为宾客准备了食物。)
11.waiter (服务员) The waiter brought us our menu.(服务员给我们拿来了菜单。)
12.extra (额外的;附加的) We need some extra bowls for dinner.(晚餐我们还需要一些额外的碗。)
三、人物国家与品质
1.Canadian (加拿大的;加拿大人) This Canadian speaks good Chinese.(这位加拿大人中文说得很好。)
2.Australian (澳大利亚的;澳大利亚人) That Australian loves Chinese food.(那个澳大利亚人喜爱中国食物。)
3.soldier (士兵;军人) The brave soldier protected his country.(这位勇敢的士兵保卫祖国。)
4.foolish (愚蠢的;傻的) It is foolish to give up easily.(轻易放弃是愚蠢的。)
5.modest (谦虚的;适度的) He is a hardworking and modest boy.(他是一个勤奋又谦虚的男孩。)
6.virtue (美德;德行;优点) Honesty is a good virtue.(诚实是一种美好的美德。)
7.praise (称赞;表扬;赞扬) Teachers often praise hardworking students.(老师经常表扬勤奋的学生。)
四、事物与抽象概念
1.balloon (气球) The little kid held a colourful balloon.(这个小孩子拿着一个五颜六色的气球。)
2.ant (蚂蚁) An ant is a small hardworking insect.(蚂蚁是一种勤劳的小昆虫。)
3.penny (便士) It cost one penny many years ago.(许多年前这个东西价值一便士。)
4.pound (英镑;磅) This book costs five pounds.(这本书价值五英镑。)
5.image (形象;印象;图像) The hero left a good public image.(这位英雄留下了良好的公众形象。)
6.being (生物;存在;生存) Every human being should be respected.(每一个人都应当被尊重。)
7.manner (习俗;方式) We should learn local manners when travelling.(旅行时我们应当了解当地习俗。)
8.suggestion (建议;提议) Can you give me some useful suggestions?(你可以给我一些有用的建议吗?)
9.method (方法;措施) He found a new study method.(他找到了一种新的学习方法。)
10.cost (花费;成本;损失) The cost of living is rising.(生活成本正在上涨。)
11.socialism (社会主义) We believe in socialism.(我们信仰社会主义。)
五、动词与代词
1.pronounce (发音;读音) Please pronounce this word clearly.(请把这个单词读清楚。)
2.accept (接受;同意;承认) I am glad to accept your gift.(我很高兴接受你的礼物。)
3.operate (动手术;经营;(使) 运转;操作) Doctors will operate on the patient tomorrow.(医生明天将会给这位病人做手术。)
4.themselves (他们(或她们、它们)自己) Kids can finish the work by themselves.(孩子们可以独立完成这项工作。)
六、形容词 & 副词
1.overnight (在夜间;在晚上;晚上的) Snow fell overnight.(夜里下了雪。)
2.thick (厚的;浓的;粗的) This book is very thick.(这本书很厚。)
3.tirelessly (不知疲倦地) Scientists work tirelessly for research.(科学家为研究不知疲倦地工作。)
4.worst (最差;最坏;最差的;最坏的) This is the worst film I have ever seen.(这是我看过最差的电影。)
短
语
一、动词短语
1.take turns doing(轮流做……)We take turns doing the housework at home.(我们在家里轮流做家务。)
2.tidy up(使整洁)Please tidy up your bedroom before going out.(出门前请把你的卧室收拾整洁。)
3.serve oneself(自取食物)You can serve yourself at the dinner party.(宴会上你可以自取食物。)
4.feel at home(熟不拘礼;感觉自在)Just make yourself feel at home here.(在这儿不要拘束。)
二、介词短语
1.other than(除…… 以外;不同于)I have no friends other than you.(除了你之外,我没有别的朋友。)
2.all walks of life(社会各界人士;各行各业人士)People from all walks of life joined the activity.(社会各界人士参加了本次活动。)
三、情景交际短语
1.not at all(一点也不;不客气)I don’t like to learn maths at all.(我一点不喜欢学数学。)
实
用
交
际
套
句
型
一、询问经历与活动
1. Did you have fun?(你们玩得开心吗?)
2. Did you enjoy any Chinese food there?(你在那儿吃到中国食物了吗?)
3. Did you have any trouble communicating with people there?(你在那儿和人交流有困难吗?)
4. What do you usually do during the Spring Festival?(春节期间你们通常做什么?)
5. Have you ever heard of these old sayings?(你听说过这些谚语吗?)
二、提出建议与表达观点
1. Here are some tips for you.(给你一些建议。)
2. Here are some suggestions for you.(这是给你的一些建议。)
3. It's polite to bring a gift for the host and hostess.(给男女主人带一份礼物是有礼貌的。)
4. It's not polite to ask an adult's age.(询问成年人的年龄是不礼貌的。)
5. I think understanding cultural differences really helps us to understand each other.(我认为理解文化差异真的有助于我们互相理解。)
6. It is considered rude in Western cultures.(在西方文化里这被视作不礼貌。)
三、表达愿望、计划与对比
1. I hope you can come to China to experience the Chinese New Year.(我希望你能来中国体验中国新年。)
2. I'd love to.(我很乐意。)
3. Maybe next year, Jenny and I could travel to China to experience the Chinese New Year with you there!(也许明年,我和珍妮可以去中国和你一起体验中国新年!)
4. Although sayings are usually simple and easy to remember, they are full of deep meanings.(虽然谚语通常简单易记,但它们蕴含深刻的意义。)
5. Although the two sayings use different images, their meanings are almost the same.(尽管两条谚语使用不同意象,但含义几乎相同。)
6. Chinese manners and Canadian manners are so different.(中国礼仪和加拿大礼仪大不相同。)
7. In China,… In Canada, however,…(在中国……,然而在加拿大……)
语法
由 though/although 引导的让步状语从句
写作
不同国家与地区的文化、习俗与礼仪
一、知识点精讲
1. accept v. 接受;接纳
【词形变形】accept v. → acceptable adj. 可接受的
【近义词辨析】accept(主观接受) vs receive(客观收到)
【句型】
① accept sth. 接受某物
He accepted the gift from his friend. 他接受了朋友的礼物。
② accept to do sth. 同意做某事
She accepted to join our party. 她同意参加我们的聚会。
【辨析】
I received his invitation, but I didn’t accept it. 我收到了他的邀请,但是我没有接受。
2. avoid v. 避免;回避
【词形变形】avoid v. → avoidable adj. 可避免的 → unavoidable adj. 不可避免的
【句型】
① avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
You should avoid making such mistakes. 你应该避免犯这样的错误。
3. experience v. 体验;经历 n.[C] 经历;[U] 经验
【词形变形】experienced adj. 有经验的
【句型】
① experience sth. 体验 / 经历某事
I hope you can come to China to experience the Spring Festival. 我希望你能来中国体验春节。
② have much/little experience 有很多 / 几乎没有经验
He has much experience in teaching. 他有丰富的教学经验。
③ have an experience 有一次经历
It is a wonderful experience for me. 对我来说这是一次很棒的经历。
4. consider v. 认为;考虑
【词形变形】consider v. → consideration n. 考虑
【句型】
① be considered (as/to be)… 被看作 / 被认为……
It is considered rude in Western cultures. 在西方文化中这被视作无礼。
② consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
I am considering travelling to China. 我正考虑去中国旅行。
5. similar adj. 相似的
【词形变形】similar adj. → similarity n. 相似点
【句型】
① be similar to… 与…… 相似
The English saying is similar to the Chinese one. 这条英语谚语和中文谚语很相似。
6. private adj. 私人的;私有的
【词形变形】private adj. → privately adv. 私下地
【句型】
① private information 私人信息
Age is private information for western adults. 在西方,年龄是成年人的私人信息。
7. permit v. 允许;准许
【词形变形】permit v. → permission n. 许可
【近义词】permit = allow 允许
【句型】
① be permitted to do sth. 被允许做某事
Physical contact is permitted in crowded public transport. 在拥挤的公共交通上身体接触是被允许的。
8. praise v.&n. 赞扬;表扬
【句型】
① praise sb. for sth. 因某事表扬某人
People praise him for his good manners. 人们因他良好的礼仪表扬他。
9. modest adj. 谦虚的
【词形变形】modest adj. → modesty n. 谦虚
【反义词】proud adj. 骄傲的
【句型】
① be modest 保持谦虚
Being modest is a virtue in China. 在中国,谦虚是一种美德。
10. tidy v. 整理;收拾 adj. 整洁的
【句型】
① tidy up 整理;收拾
Tidy up your house before your guest arrives. 在客人到来之前收拾好你的房子。
11. serve v. 服务;招待
【词形变形】serve v. → service n. 服务
【句型】
① serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 为某人端上某物
Please serve your guest tea at the table. 请在餐桌旁给客人端上茶。
12. acceptable adj. 可接受的
【词根】accept v. 接受
【句型】
① sth. be acceptable …… 是可以接受的
A bunch of flowers or chocolates are all acceptable. 一束鲜花或者巧克力都是可以接受的。
二、核心语法精讲
【定义】
让步状语从句表达 “虽然、尽管”,引出和主句语义相反的情况,主要由though / although引导。
【although 和 though 的相同点】
1)词义相同,意为 “虽然;尽管”,大多数情况下可以互换。
2)although /though 不能和 but 同时连用,但可以和 still /yet 搭配。
Although it was cold, he didn’t light the fire.
3)从句位置灵活:
① 从句放在主句前面:`Although/Though +从句 , 主句.`
Although/Though I can speak Chinese now, I need to learn more about Chinese manners.
② 从句放在主句后面:`主句 + though/although +从句.`
He didn’t light the fire though/although it was cold.
【although 和 though 的区别】
even though为固定搭配,只能用 though,不能写成 even although。
even though:即使;纵然,语气比 though /although 更强。
Even though I prefer a bath, I often take a shower.
【原句再现】
1. Although/Though sayings are usually simple and easy to remember, they are full of deep meaning.
虽然谚语通常简单易记,但是它们富含深层含义。
2. Although/Though I can speak Chinese now, I need to learn more about Chinese manners.
虽然我现在会说中文,但我还需要更多了解中国礼仪。
3. Even though we are going to part, our friendship will always remain.
即使我们将要分别,我们的友谊永存。
【记忆口诀】
although/though 表虽然,句中 but 要离场;
主句前后随便放,even 只跟 though 上。
【典型例题】
1.______ he is young, he knows a lot.
A. Although; but B. /; / C. Although; / D. But; /
【答案】C
【解析】although 和 but 不可同时出现。
三、单元写作清单
(一)话题分析
本单元围绕文化、习俗、礼仪展开,多为提示类作文、书信(给笔友提建议)。
【作文角度】
1. 给外国笔友介绍中国节日 / 文化习俗(春节等)。
2. 中西方礼仪、文化差异对比。
3. 书信:如何当好主人招待外国客人 / 如何做有礼貌的客人。
4. 观点类:怎样正确对待不同文化,学会相互尊重。
【写作要求】
1. 会使用although/though让步状语从句描述文化差异。
2. 掌握提建议句型,正确使用 It’s +adj. to do sth.。
3. 词数 80‑100 词,书信格式规范,观点清晰,给出建议。
(二)写作框架
类型一:书信 — 给朋友提建议(如何招待外国客人)
开头:收到来信,知道你的困扰,给出建议
I’m glad to receive your letter. You wonder how to make your foreign pen‑pal feel welcome. Here is some advice for you.
中间:2‑3 条具体建议(使用 It’s polite to… / You should…)
1. 做客前整理房间,准备饮品水果
2. 在餐桌招待客人,不要一直看电视
3. 和客人多交流,让他宾至如归
结尾:表达祝愿,希望你们度过愉快时光
I hope my advice can help you. Wish you a good time!
类型二:介绍中国传统节日(向外国朋友介绍春节)
开头:引出主题,春节是中国最重要节日
The Spring Festival is our most important traditional Chinese festival.
中间:节日习俗(吃饺子、收压岁钱、看表演)
During the festival, we eat dumplings and delicious food. We watch great performances. Children can get lucky money.
结尾:发出邀请,希望对方来中国体验
I hope you can come to China to experience it.
类型 3:观点类:看待文化差异
开头:不同国家有不同文化礼仪
Different countries have different cultures and manners.
中间:用 although 写差异,举例礼仪不同;我们应当理解尊重
Although cultures are different, we should respect them. It’s important for us to understand each other.
结尾:总结,文化交流让世界更好
Learning about other cultures helps us live better together.
(三)写作素材
【词汇积累】
1.culture 文化 2.manner 礼仪 3.custom 习俗4.tradition 传统5.difference 差异;6.respect 尊重7.experience 体验8.private 私人的9.modest 谦虚的10.host 主人11.guest 客人
【句型积累】
①提建议句型(书信高频)
1. Here are some tips/suggestions for you. 给你一些建议。
2. It’s polite to do sth. 做某事是有礼貌的。
3. You should… 你应该……
4. You’d better not… 你最好不要……
②对比 & 语法句型
1. Although Chinese manners are different from western ones, we should respect them.
虽然中国礼仪与西方礼仪不同,但我们应该尊重它们。
2. Although there are many cultural differences, we can understand each other well.
尽管存在许多文化差异,我们仍然可以很好地互相理解。
③观点表达
1. It’s important for us to understand cultural differences.
理解文化差异对我们很重要。
2. We should respect different cultures.
我们应当尊重不同的文化。
3. Make guests feel at home. 让客人宾至如归。
④节日表达
1. The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China.
春节是中国最重要的节日。
2. Children usually receive lucky money. 孩子们通常收到压岁钱。
(四)范文背诵
范文 1(书信・如何招待外国笔友,中考高频)
假定李明的澳大利亚笔友要来家中吃饭,请你以李明的身份,写短文,说说如何当好主人。词数 80 词左右。
Dear friend,
I’m glad you will come to my home for dinner. Here are some suggestions for you if you want to be a good host.
First, tidy up your house before your guest arrives. It’s polite to prepare some drinks and fruit for him. Second, serve food for him at the table and talk with him. You’d better not watch TV, because it is considered rude in western cultures.
Although our manners are different, being warm will make him feel at home.
Wish you a wonderful time!
范文 2(介绍中国春节)
假定你的外国笔友 Brian 想要了解中国春节,请你写一封信介绍春节。80 词左右。
Dear Brian,
I’m happy to tell you something about the Spring Festival. It is the most important festival in China.
During the Spring Festival, families get together. We eat dumplings and lots of delicious food. We also watch wonderful performances. Children can get lucky money from their elders.
Although it is a traditional festival, we still love it very much. I hope you can come to China and experience it one day.
Yours,
Li Ming
范文 3(文化差异观点小作文)
不同国家礼仪习俗各不相同,请你谈谈对文化差异的看法。
Different countries have different cultures and manners.
Although Chinese manners are quite different from Canadian ones, we should respect all kinds of cultures. For example, it’s common for Chinese to ask about people’s age, but it is private in western countries.
It’s important for us to understand cultural differences. If we learn more about them, we can get on well with people from other countries.
易错点 01:although /though 和 but 连用错误
【助记口诀】
although/though 表虽然,but 绝对不同场;
still、yet 可相伴,从句前后随便放。
【错因辨析】
1.受中文 “虽然…… 但是……” 影响,中文成对使用,英语中although/though本身已经包含转折含义不能再并列使用 but。
2. 正确:二者只能选其一。要么用 although/though,要么用 but。
3. 补充:可以和 still /yet 连用,Although… , still…是允许的。
4. even though 是固定搭配,没有 even although。
【一句话辨异】
中文 “虽然… 但是…” 成对,英语although/though与but一山不容二虎。
【对点训练】
1. ______ I like Chinese calligraphy, ______ it’s difficult for me.
A. Although; but B. Though; / C. But; / D. /; although
【答案】B
【解析】although/though 不能和 but 同时使用,故选 B。
2. Even ______ we will separate, our friendship will last forever.
A. although B. though C. but D. if
【答案】B
【解析】固定搭配 even though,不存在 even although。
易错点 02:avoid doing 错写成 avoid to do
【助记口诀】
avoid 后面接 doing,to do 出现定是错。
【错因辨析】
1. avoid v. 避免,后面只能接动名词 doing,不接不定式 to do。
【一句话辨异】
avoid “避免”,躲开 to do,只跟 doing。
【对点训练】
1. You should avoid ______ the same mistake again.
A. make B. to make C. making D. made
【答案】C
【解析】avoid 后接动名词 doing,avoid doing sth.“避免做某事”。
易错点 03:consider 词义与句型混淆(consider doing /be considered as)
【助记口诀】
考虑做 consider doing;被认作 be considered as。
【错因辨析】
1. consider 两个核心含义:
①考虑:consider doing sth. 考虑做某事,后接 doing。
②认为:be considered (as/to be)… 被看作、被认为……
【一句话辨异】
表 “考虑” 用 doing;表 “被认为” 看被动 be‑considered。
【对点训练】
1. This custom is considered ______ part of our traditional culture.
A. as B. do C. doing D. to doing
【答案】A
【解析】be considered as…“被看作……” 固定结构。
易错点 04:accept 与 receive 词义辨析
【助记口诀】
receive 客观收到,accept 主观接受。
【错因辨析】
1. receive v.:客观上 “收到” 物品、邀请,主观不一定接受。
2.accept v.:主观内心愿意,“接纳、接受”。
3. 典型考题:收到但是不接受。
【一句话辨异】
receive 到手,accept 入心。
【对点训练】
1. I ______ his invitation yesterday, but I didn’t ______ it because I was busy.
A. accepted; receive
B. received; accept
C. receive; accept
D. accepted; receiving
【答案】B
【解析】第一空客观收到邀请用 received;第二空主观上不接受用 accept。
易错点 05:experience 可数不可数名词混淆
【助记口诀】
经验不可数,经历要计数。
【错因辨析】
1. experience n.
① [U] 经验(抽象,不可数):much/little experience
② [C] 经历(具体一件事,可数):a wonderful experience
2. v. 体验;经历
He has much teaching experience. 他教学经验丰富。
It was a great experience. 这是一次很棒的经历。
【一句话辨异】
经验没法数,经历一桩一桩数。
【对点训练】
1. He has a lot of ______ in travelling and he shared an interesting ______ with us.
A. experience; experience
B. experiences; experience
C. experience; experiences
D. experiences; experiences
【答案】A
【解析】第一空 “经验” 为不可数名词;第二空指 “一次经历”,可数名词。
易错点 06:固定搭配介词错误 be similar to
【助记口诀】
similar 配 to,“与…… 相似” 要记住。
【一句话辨异】
similar 找 to 作搭档,with 是干扰项。
【对点训练】
1. My idea is similar ______ yours.
A. with B. to C. for D. at
【答案】B
【解析】be similar to“与…… 相似” 固定介词搭配。
一、单项选择
1.Culture is how people live ________ daily lives.
A.they B.them C.their D.themselves
【答案】C
【详解】句意:文化是人们如何过他们的日常生活。
they他们(主格);them他们(宾格);their他们的(形容词性物主代词);themselves他们自己(反身代词)。根据空格后的名词短语“daily lives”可知,此处需要用形容词性物主代词来修饰名词,表示“他们的”。因此选用their。
2.In public places, the English make great efforts ________ touch strangers.
A.not B.no C.never D.not to
【答案】D
【详解】句意:在公共场所,英国人尽量不去触碰陌生人。
make great efforts to do sth.尽力做某事,其否定结构为make great efforts not to do sth.尽力不做某事;not、no、never均无法放在不定式符号to前构成正确否定结构。依照固定短语语法规则此处选用not to。因此选D。
3.Food is a big part ________ our culture.
A.for B.of C.from D.to
【答案】B
【详解】句意:食物是我们文化的重要组成部分。
for为了;of……的;from从;to向。根据“a big part”可知,此处考查固定搭配“a part of”,意为“……的一部分”,介词of符合语境。
4.________ culture you have depends on where you live.
A.What B.How C.Which D.Whose
【答案】A
【详解】句意:你拥有什么样的文化取决于你居住在哪里。
What什么,什么样的;How怎样;Which哪一个;Whose谁的。根据“…culture you have depends on where you live.”可知,此处修饰名词culture,表示“什么样的文化”,what符合语境。how是副词不能修饰名词;which通常指特定范围内的选择;whose表示所属关系。
5.A bunch of flowers and chocolates are both ________.
A.acceptable B.accept C.acceptance D.accepting
【答案】A
【详解】句意:一束花或巧克力都是可接受的。
acceptable可接受的;accept接受;acceptance接受;accepting愿意接受的。句中are是系动词,后接形容词作表语,根据句意可知花或巧克力作为礼物都是可接受的,故选acceptable。
二、单词拼写
6.The shopping mall was so c________ (拥挤的) that we could hardly move forward.
【答案】crowded/rowded
【详解】句意:这个购物中心如此拥挤,以至于我们几乎无法向前移动。crowded意为“拥挤的”,形容词作表语。故填crowded。
7.The good boy always tries to keep a positive ________ (形象) in front of his teachers.
【答案】image
【详解】句意:这个乖男孩总是尽力在他的老师们面前保持一个积极的形象。“a positive”后接名词单数,“形象”对应image。
8.As we all know, ren, yi, li, zhi and xin are the Five Constant ________ (美德).
【答案】Virtues
【详解】句意:众所周知,仁、义、礼、智、信就是五常美德。virtue意为“美德”,可数名词;空格前有数词“Five”,说明此处要用可数名词的复数形式,应使用virtue的复数形式virtues;同时,该句中Five Constant Virtues是中国传统儒家“五常(仁义礼智信)”的固定标准翻译,为中国传统儒家文化专有名词,故填Virtues。
9.She ________ (接受) my gift with a big smile yesterday.
【答案】accepted
【详解】句意:她昨天微笑着接受了我的礼物。句中“yesterday”为过去时间状语,应用一般过去时,括号内中文提示为“接受”,对应动词“accept”,故填其过去式accepted。
10.The higher air pressure outside the jar holds the ________ (硬纸板) in place.
【答案】cardboard
【详解】句意:罐子外部更高的气压将硬纸板固定住。cardboard意为“硬纸板”,此处特指实验用的硬纸板,属于不可数名词。
三、完成句子
11.科学家们相信,我们会在未来几年里在绿色科技领域取得巨大进步。
Scientists believe we will make great progress in green technology ________ ________ ________ ________.
【答案】 in the coming years
【详解】原句中“在未来几年里”是关键词,表示“在未来几年里”的短语是in the coming years。本句为一般将来时,in the coming years作时间状语,通常置于句末。故填in;the;coming;years。
12.你猜丹妮将发生什么事呢?
Can you guess what will ________ ________ Danny?
【答案】 happen to
【详解】原句中“某人发生某事”是关键词,在英语中,“某人发生某事”常用固定表达“sth. happen to sb.” 。此句中“will”是情态动词,情态动词后需接动词原形,所以这里要用“happen to”来表达“(什么事)发生在丹妮身上”。
13.罐子外部的气压高于内部。
There is more air pressure ________ the jar ________ inside it.
【答案】 outside than
【详解】原句中第一空“在……外部”是关键词,表示“在……外部”用介词outside;句子存在比较关系,more是比较级标志,第二空要用than引出比较对象。故填outside;than。
14.由于空气中约有五分之一是由氧气组成的,所以水便上升并占据了罐子约五分之一的空间。
As about one fifth of the air ________ ________ ________ ________ oxygen, the water ________ and fills about one fifth of the jar.
【答案】 is made up of rises
【详解】前四空关键信息是“由……组成”,英文短语为be made up of。主语“about one fifth of the air”中空气(air)为不可数名词,谓语动词be需用单数is。第五空关键信息是“上升”,对应英文动词rise。由后半句的谓语动词“fills”可知,句子描述的是客观事实,使用一般现在时。主语“the water”是不可数名词,谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式rises。
15.有些健康问题可能是由你的 DNA 异常引起的。
Some health conditions can ________ ________ by problems in your DNA.
【答案】 be caused
【详解】原句中“由……引起”是关键词,短语be caused by表示“由……引起”。本句含有情态动词can,其后接动词原形。故填be;caused。
四、短文填空
阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Wind power is a clean resource of energy which we can use forever because 16 is always wind. As a result, wind power 17 widely used. In history, because of wars, Chinese people invented kites and the sky lanterns to send messages. Now we mainly use wind 18 make electricity. Wind makes windmills spin (风车旋转). When the windmills spin, they make electricity. It is said 19 there are millions of windmills in the world. Some people say building windmills will be harmful to the environment. There is no need to worry about it. As long as we choose the right places, they 20 destroy the environment around at all. Windmills are always in unfrequented (人烟稀少的) places.
【答案】16.
there 17.
is 18.
to 19.
that 20.
won’t
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了风能这种清洁能源,讲述了风能的历史用途、如今用来发电,还说明了风车并不会破坏环境。
【详解】16.句意:风能是一种我们可以永久使用的清洁能源,因为总是有风。because 引导原因状语从句,用来解释 “风能可以永久利用” 的原因“总是有风”,从句是there be句型,表示客观存在“有风”,从句缺少there构成there is,因此填there。
17.句意:因此,风能被广泛使用。主语“wind power ”和“use”之间是被动关系,文章为一般现在时,一般现在时被动语态结构为 “am/is/are+过去分词”,wind power是不可数名词,be动词用is,因此填is。
18.句意:现在我们主要利用风来发电。固定搭配use sth. to do sth. 意为“使用某物做某事”,此处用不定式表目的,因此填to。
19.句意:据说世界上有数百万个风车。固定句型It is said that… 意为“据说……”,that引导主语从句,因此填that。
20.句意:只要我们选对地方,它们根本不会破坏周边环境。结合句子“they…destroy the environment around at all.”,此处表示“它们根本不会破坏周边环境”,固定短语not…at all意为“一点也不,根本不”,空格前“As long as”引导条件状语从句,遵循主将从现的原则,主句用一般将来时的否定形式will not即won’t。
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Unit5 Culture shapes us
主
题
场
景
分
类
词
汇
一、地点环境
1.__________ (唐人街) We visited __________ last weekend.(上周末我们参观了唐人街。)
2.__________ (拥挤的;充满的) The street is very __________ on holidays.(这条街道在节假日十分拥挤。)
3.__________ (堤;坝) The __________ protects the village from floods.(堤坝保护村庄免受洪水侵害。)
4.__________ (英里) The town is one __________ away from here.(这座小镇距离这里一英里。)
5.__________ ((突然) 倒塌) The old wall may __________ in the heavy rain.(这面旧墙在大雨中可能会突然倒塌。)
6.__________ (吵闹的;嘈杂的) The market is really __________ in the morning.(早上这个集市十分嘈杂。)
二、饮食餐饮
1.__________ (辣椒) He likes eating hot __________ .(他喜欢吃辣椒。)
2.__________ (甜椒;胡椒粉) Please pass me some __________ .(请递给我一些胡椒粉。)
3.__________ (辛辣的;加有香料的) This dish is too __________ for me.(这道菜对我来说太辣了。)
4.__________ (勺子;匙) We use a __________ to drink soup.(我们用勺子喝汤。)
5.__________ (餐叉;叉) Western people often use a knife and __________ .(西方人经常使用刀叉。)
6.__________ (盘子;碟子) Put the cake on this __________ .(把蛋糕放在这个盘子上。)
7.__________ (柠檬;柠檬汁) I want some __________ in my water.(我想在水里加点柠檬。)
8.__________ (咖啡;咖啡色) My father drinks a cup of __________ every morning.(我爸爸每天早上喝一杯咖啡。)
9.__________ (烙饼;薄饼) I had a __________ for breakfast.(我早餐吃了一张薄饼。)
10.__________ (客人;宾客;嘉宾) We prepared food for our __________ .(我们为宾客准备了食物。)
11.__________ (服务员) The __________ brought us our menu.(服务员给我们拿来了菜单。)
12.__________ (额外的;附加的) We need some __________ bowls for dinner.(晚餐我们还需要一些额外的碗。)
三、人物国家与品质
1.__________ (加拿大的;加拿大人) This __________ speaks good Chinese.(这位加拿大人中文说得很好。)
2.__________ (澳大利亚的;澳大利亚人) That __________ loves Chinese food.(那个澳大利亚人喜爱中国食物。)
3.__________ (士兵;军人) The brave __________ protected his country.(这位勇敢的士兵保卫祖国。)
4.__________ (愚蠢的;傻的) It is __________ to give up easily.(轻易放弃是愚蠢的。)
5.__________ (谦虚的;适度的) He is a hard‑working and __________ boy.(他是一个勤奋又谦虚的男孩。)
6.__________ (美德;德行;优点) Honesty is a good __________ .(诚实是一种美好的美德。)
7.__________ (称赞;表扬;赞扬) Teachers often __________ hard‑working students.(老师经常表扬勤奋的学生。)
四、事物与抽象概念
1.__________ (气球) The little kid held a colourful __________ .(这个小孩子拿着一个五颜六色的气球。)
2.__________ (蚂蚁) An __________ is a small hard‑working insect.(蚂蚁是一种勤劳的小昆虫。)
3.__________ (便士) It cost one __________ many years ago.(许多年前这个东西价值一便士。)
4.__________ (英镑;磅) This book costs five __________ .(这本书价值五英镑。)
5.__________ (形象;印象;图像) The hero left a good public __________ .(这位英雄留下了良好的公众形象。)
6.__________ (生物;存在;生存) Every human __________ should be respected.(每一个人都应当被尊重。)
7.__________ (习俗;方式) We should learn local __________ when travelling.(旅行时我们应当了解当地习俗。)
8.__________ (建议;提议) Can you give me some useful __________ ?(你可以给我一些有用的建议吗?)
9.__________ (方法;措施) He found a new study __________ .(他找到了一种新的学习方法。)
10.__________ (花费;成本;损失) The __________ of living is rising.(生活成本正在上涨。)
11.__________ (社会主义) We believe in __________.(我们信仰社会主义。)
五、动词与代词
1.__________ (发音;读音) Please __________ this word clearly.(请把这个单词读清楚。)
2.__________ (接受;同意;承认) I am glad to __________ your gift.(我很高兴接受你的礼物。)
3.__________ (动手术;经营;(使) 运转;操作) Doctors will __________ on the patient tomorrow.(医生明天将会给这位病人做手术。)
4.__________ (他们(或她们、它们)自己) Kids can finish the work by __________.(孩子们可以独立完成这项工作。)
六、形容词 & 副词
1.__________ (在夜间;在晚上;晚上的) Snow fell __________ .(夜里下了雪。)
2.__________ (厚的;浓的;粗的) This book is very __________ .(这本书很厚。)
3.__________ (不知疲倦地) Scientists work __________ for research.(科学家为研究不知疲倦地工作。)
4.__________ (最差;最坏;最差的;最坏的) This is the __________ film I have ever seen.(这是我看过最差的电影。)
短
语
一、动词短语
1.___________(轮流做……)We ________________ the housework at home.(我们在家里轮流做家务。)
2.___________(使整洁)Please ________________ your bedroom before going out.(出门前请把你的卧室收拾整洁。)
3.___________(自取食物)You can ________________ at the dinner party.(宴会上你可以自取食物。)
4.___________(熟不拘礼;感觉自在)Just make yourself ________________ here.(在这儿不要拘束。)
二、介词短语
1.___________(除…… 以外;不同于)I have no friends ________________ you.(除了你之外,我没有别的朋友。)
2.___________(社会各界人士;各行各业人士)People from ________________ joined the activity.(社会各界人士参加了本次活动。)
三、情景交际短语
1.___________(一点也不;不客气)I like to learn maths .(我一点不喜欢学数学。)
实
用
交
际
套
句
型
一、询问经历与活动
1. Did you have fun?(你们玩得开心吗?)
2. Did you enjoy any Chinese food there?(你在那儿吃到中国食物了吗?)
3. Did you have any trouble communicating with people there?(你在那儿和人交流有困难吗?)
4. What do you usually do during the Spring Festival?(春节期间你们通常做什么?)
5. Have you ever heard of these old sayings?(你听说过这些谚语吗?)
二、提出建议与表达观点
1. Here are some tips for you.(给你一些建议。)
2. Here are some suggestions for you.(这是给你的一些建议。)
3. It's polite to bring a gift for the host and hostess.(给男女主人带一份礼物是有礼貌的。)
4. It's not polite to ask an adult's age.(询问成年人的年龄是不礼貌的。)
5. I think understanding cultural differences really helps us to understand each other.(我认为理解文化差异真的有助于我们互相理解。)
6. It is considered rude in Western cultures.(在西方文化里这被视作不礼貌。)
三、表达愿望、计划与对比
1. I hope you can come to China to experience the Chinese New Year.(我希望你能来中国体验中国新年。)
2. I'd love to.(我很乐意。)
3. Maybe next year, Jenny and I could travel to China to experience the Chinese New Year with you there!(也许明年,我和珍妮可以去中国和你一起体验中国新年!)
4. Although sayings are usually simple and easy to remember, they are full of deep meanings.(虽然谚语通常简单易记,但它们蕴含深刻的意义。)
5. Although the two sayings use different images, their meanings are almost the same.(尽管两条谚语使用不同意象,但含义几乎相同。)
6. Chinese manners and Canadian manners are so different.(中国礼仪和加拿大礼仪大不相同。)
7. In China,… In Canada, however,…(在中国……,然而在加拿大……)
语法
由 though/although 引导的让步状语从句
写作
不同国家与地区的文化、习俗与礼仪
一、知识点精讲
1. accept v. 接受;接纳
【词形变形】accept v. → adj. 可接受的
【近义词辨析】accept(主观接受) vs receive(客观收到)
【句型】
① accept sth. 接受某物
He accepted the gift from his friend. 他接受了朋友的礼物。
② accept to do sth. 同意做某事
She join our party. 她同意参加我们的聚会。
【辨析】
I received his invitation, but I didn’t accept it. 我收到了他的邀请,但是我没有接受。
2. avoid v. 避免;回避
【词形变形】avoid v. → adj. 可避免的 → unavoidable adj. 不可避免的
【句型】
① avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
You should avoid (make) such mistakes. 你应该避免犯这样的错误。
3. experience v. 体验;经历 n.[C] 经历;[U] 经验
【词形变形】experienced adj. 有经验的
【句型】
① experience sth. 体验 / 经历某事
I hope you can come to China to the Spring Festival. 我希望你能来中国体验春节。
② have much/little experience 有很多 / 几乎没有经验
He has much experience in (teach). 他有丰富的教学经验。
③ have an experience 有一次经历
It is for me. 对我来说这是一次很棒的经历。
4. consider v. 认为;考虑
【词形变形】consider v. → consideration n. 考虑
【句型】
① be considered (as/to be)… 被看作 / 被认为……
It is considered rude in Western cultures. 在西方文化中这被视作无礼。
② consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
I am considering (travel) to China. 我正考虑去中国旅行。
5. similar adj. 相似的
【词形变形】similar adj. → similarity n. 相似点
【句型】
① be similar to… 与…… 相似
The English saying the Chinese one. 这条英语谚语和中文谚语很相似。
6. private adj. 私人的;私有的
【词形变形】private adj. → privately adv. 私下地
【句型】
① private information 私人信息
Age is private information for western adults. 在西方,年龄是成年人的私人信息。
7. permit v. 允许;准许
【词形变形】permit v. → permission n. 许可
【近义词】permit = 允许
【句型】
① be permitted to do sth. 被允许做某事
Physical contact is permitted in crowded public transport. 在拥挤的公共交通上身体接触是被允许的。
8. praise v.&n. 赞扬;表扬
【句型】
① praise sb. for sth. 因某事表扬某人
People him his good manners. 人们因他良好的礼仪表扬他。
9. modest adj. 谦虚的
【词形变形】modest adj. → modesty n. 谦虚
【反义词】 adj. 骄傲的
【句型】
① be modest 保持谦虚
Being modest is a virtue in China. 在中国,谦虚是一种美德。
10. tidy v. 整理;收拾 adj. 整洁的
【句型】
① tidy up 整理;收拾
your house before your guest arrives. 在客人到来之前收拾好你的房子。
11. serve v. 服务;招待
【词形变形】serve v. → service n. 服务
【句型】
① serve sb. sth. = sth. sb. 为某人端上某物
Please serve your guest tea at the table. 请在餐桌旁给客人端上茶。
12. acceptable adj. 可接受的
【词根】accept v. 接受
【句型】
① sth. be …… 是可以接受的
A bunch of flowers or chocolates are all acceptable. 一束鲜花或者巧克力都是可以接受的。
二、核心语法精讲
though /although 引导让步状语从句
【定义】
让步状语从句表达 “虽然、尽管”,引出和主句语义相反的情况,主要由though / although引导。
【although 和 though 的相同点】
1)词义相同,意为 “虽然;尽管”,大多数情况下可以互换。
2)although /though 不能和 but 同时连用,但可以和 still /yet 搭配。
Although it was cold, he didn’t light the fire.
3)从句位置灵活:
① 从句放在主句前面:`Although/Though +从句 , 主句.`
Although/Though I can speak Chinese now, I need to learn more about Chinese manners.
② 从句放在主句后面:`主句 + though/although +从句.`
He didn’t light the fire though/although it was cold.
【although 和 though 的区别】
even though为固定搭配,只能用 though,不能写成 even although。
even though:即使;纵然,语气比 though /although 更强。
Even though I prefer a bath, I often take a shower.
【原句再现】
1. Although/Though sayings are usually simple and easy to remember, they are full of deep meaning.
虽然谚语通常简单易记,但是它们富含深层含义。
2. Although/Though I can speak Chinese now, I need to learn more about Chinese manners.
虽然我现在会说中文,但我还需要更多了解中国礼仪。
3. Even though we are going to part, our friendship will always remain.
即使我们将要分别,我们的友谊永存。
【记忆口诀】
although/though 表虽然,句中 but 要离场;
主句前后随便放,even 只跟 though 上。
【典型例题】
1.______ he is young, he knows a lot.
A. Although; but B. /; / C. Although; / D. But; /
三、单元写作清单
(一)话题分析
本单元围绕文化、习俗、礼仪展开,多为提示类作文、书信(给笔友提建议)。
【作文角度】
1. 给外国笔友介绍中国节日 / 文化习俗(春节等)。
2. 中西方礼仪、文化差异对比。
3. 书信:如何当好主人招待外国客人 / 如何做有礼貌的客人。
4. 观点类:怎样正确对待不同文化,学会相互尊重。
【写作要求】
1. 会使用although/though让步状语从句描述文化差异。
2. 掌握提建议句型,正确使用 It’s +adj. to do sth.。
3. 词数 80‑100 词,书信格式规范,观点清晰,给出建议。
(二)写作框架
类型一:书信 — 给朋友提建议(如何招待外国客人)
开头:收到来信,知道你的困扰,给出建议
I’m glad to receive your letter. You wonder how to make your foreign pen‑pal feel welcome. Here is some advice for you.
中间:2‑3 条具体建议(使用 It’s polite to… / You should…)
1. 做客前整理房间,准备饮品水果
2. 在餐桌招待客人,不要一直看电视
3. 和客人多交流,让他宾至如归
结尾:表达祝愿,希望你们度过愉快时光
I hope my advice can help you. Wish you a good time!
类型二:介绍中国传统节日(向外国朋友介绍春节)
开头:引出主题,春节是中国最重要节日
The Spring Festival is our most important traditional Chinese festival.
中间:节日习俗(吃饺子、收压岁钱、看表演)
During the festival, we eat dumplings and delicious food. We watch great performances. Children can get lucky money.
结尾:发出邀请,希望对方来中国体验
I hope you can come to China to experience it.
类型 3:观点类:看待文化差异
开头:不同国家有不同文化礼仪
Different countries have different cultures and manners.
中间:用 although 写差异,举例礼仪不同;我们应当理解尊重
Although cultures are different, we should respect them. It’s important for us to understand each other.
结尾:总结,文化交流让世界更好
Learning about other cultures helps us live better together.
(三)写作素材
【词汇积累】
1.culture 文化 2.manner 礼仪 3.custom 习俗4.tradition 传统5.difference 差异;6.respect 尊重7.experience 体验8.private 私人的9.modest 谦虚的10.host 主人11.guest 客人
【句型积累】
①提建议句型(书信高频)
1. Here are some tips/suggestions for you. 给你一些建议。
2. It’s polite to do sth. 做某事是有礼貌的。
3. You should… 你应该……
4. You’d better not… 你最好不要……
②对比 & 语法句型
1. Although Chinese manners are different from western ones, we should respect them.
虽然中国礼仪与西方礼仪不同,但我们应该尊重它们。
2. Although there are many cultural differences, we can understand each other well.
尽管存在许多文化差异,我们仍然可以很好地互相理解。
③观点表达
1. It’s important for us to understand cultural differences.
理解文化差异对我们很重要。
2. We should respect different cultures.
我们应当尊重不同的文化。
3. Make guests feel at home. 让客人宾至如归。
④节日表达
1. The Spring Festival is the most important festival in China.
春节是中国最重要的节日。
2. Children usually receive lucky money. 孩子们通常收到压岁钱。
(四)范文背诵
范文 1(书信・如何招待外国笔友,中考高频)
假定李明的澳大利亚笔友要来家中吃饭,请你以李明的身份,写短文,说说如何当好主人。词数 80 词左右。
Dear friend,
I’m glad you will come to my home for dinner. Here are some suggestions for you if you want to be a good host.
First, tidy up your house before your guest arrives. It’s polite to prepare some drinks and fruit for him. Second, serve food for him at the table and talk with him. You’d better not watch TV, because it is considered rude in western cultures.
Although our manners are different, being warm will make him feel at home.
Wish you a wonderful time!
范文 2(介绍中国春节)
假定你的外国笔友 Brian 想要了解中国春节,请你写一封信介绍春节。80 词左右。
Dear Brian,
I’m happy to tell you something about the Spring Festival. It is the most important festival in China.
During the Spring Festival, families get together. We eat dumplings and lots of delicious food. We also watch wonderful performances. Children can get lucky money from their elders.
Although it is a traditional festival, we still love it very much. I hope you can come to China and experience it one day.
Yours,
Li Ming
范文 3(文化差异观点小作文)
不同国家礼仪习俗各不相同,请你谈谈对文化差异的看法。
Different countries have different cultures and manners.
Although Chinese manners are quite different from Canadian ones, we should respect all kinds of cultures. For example, it’s common for Chinese to ask about people’s age, but it is private in western countries.
It’s important for us to understand cultural differences. If we learn more about them, we can get on well with people from other countries.
易错点 01:although /though 和 but 连用错误
【助记口诀】
although/though 表虽然,but 绝对不同场;
still、yet 可相伴,从句前后随便放。
【错因辨析】
1.受中文 “虽然…… 但是……” 影响,中文成对使用,英语中although/though本身已经包含转折含义不能再并列使用 but。
2. 正确:二者只能选其一。要么用 although/though,要么用 but。
3. 补充:可以和 still /yet 连用,Although… , still…是允许的。
4. even though 是固定搭配,没有 even although。
【一句话辨异】
中文 “虽然… 但是…” 成对,英语although/though与but一山不容二虎。
【对点训练】
1. ______ I like Chinese calligraphy, ______ it’s difficult for me.
A. Although; but B. Though; / C. But; / D. /; although
【答案】B
【解析】although/though 不能和 but 同时使用,故选 B。
2. Even ______ we will separate, our friendship will last forever.
A. although B. though C. but D. if
易错点 02:avoid doing 错写成 avoid to do
【助记口诀】
avoid 后面接 doing,to do 出现定是错。
【错因辨析】
1. avoid v. 避免,后面只能接动名词 doing,不接不定式 to do。
【一句话辨异】
avoid “避免”,躲开 to do,只跟 doing。
【对点训练】
1. You should avoid ______ the same mistake again.
A. make B. to make C. making D. made
易错点 03:consider 词义与句型混淆(consider doing /be considered as)
【助记口诀】
考虑做 consider doing;被认作 be considered as。
【错因辨析】
1. consider 两个核心含义:
①考虑:consider doing sth. 考虑做某事,后接 doing。
②认为:be considered (as/to be)… 被看作、被认为……
【一句话辨异】
表 “考虑” 用 doing;表 “被认为” 看被动 be‑considered。
【对点训练】
1. This custom is considered ______ part of our traditional culture.
A. as B. do C. doing D. to doing
易错点 04:accept 与 receive 词义辨析
【助记口诀】
receive 客观收到,accept 主观接受。
【错因辨析】
1. receive v.:客观上 “收到” 物品、邀请,主观不一定接受。
2.accept v.:主观内心愿意,“接纳、接受”。
3. 典型考题:收到但是不接受。
【一句话辨异】
receive 到手,accept 入心。
【对点训练】
1. I ______ his invitation yesterday, but I didn’t ______ it because I was busy.
A. accepted; receive
B. received; accept
C. receive; accept
D. accepted; receiving
易错点 05:experience 可数不可数名词混淆
【助记口诀】
经验不可数,经历要计数。
【错因辨析】
1. experience n.
① [U] 经验(抽象,不可数):much/little experience
② [C] 经历(具体一件事,可数):a wonderful experience
2. v. 体验;经历
He has much teaching experience. 他教学经验丰富。
It was a great experience. 这是一次很棒的经历。
【一句话辨异】
经验没法数,经历一桩一桩数。
【对点训练】
1. He has a lot of ______ in travelling and he shared an interesting ______ with us.
A. experience; experience
B. experiences; experience
C. experience; experiences
D. experiences; experiences
易错点 06:固定搭配介词错误 be similar to
【助记口诀】
similar 配 to,“与…… 相似” 要记住。
【一句话辨异】
similar 找 to 作搭档,with 是干扰项。
【对点训练】
1. My idea is similar ______ yours.
A. with B. to C. for D. at
一、单项选择
1.Culture is how people live ________ daily lives.
A.they B.them C.their D.themselves
2.In public places, the English make great efforts ________ touch strangers.
A.not B.no C.never D.not to
3.Food is a big part ________ our culture.
A.for B.of C.from D.to
4.________ culture you have depends on where you live.
A.What B.How C.Which D.Whose
5.A bunch of flowers and chocolates are both ________.
A.acceptable B.accept C.acceptance D.accepting
二、单词拼写
6.The shopping mall was so c________ (拥挤的) that we could hardly move forward.
7.The good boy always tries to keep a positive ________ (形象) in front of his teachers.
8.As we all know, ren, yi, li, zhi and xin are the Five Constant ________ (美德).
9.She ________ (接受) my gift with a big smile yesterday.
10.The higher air pressure outside the jar holds the ________ (硬纸板) in place.
三、完成句子
11.科学家们相信,我们会在未来几年里在绿色科技领域取得巨大进步。
Scientists believe we will make great progress in green technology ________ ________ ________ ________.
12.你猜丹妮将发生什么事呢?
Can you guess what will ________ ________ Danny?
13.罐子外部的气压高于内部。
There is more air pressure ________ the jar ________ inside it.
14.由于空气中约有五分之一是由氧气组成的,所以水便上升并占据了罐子约五分之一的空间。
As about one fifth of the air ________ ________ ________ ________ oxygen, the water ________ and fills about one fifth of the jar.
15.有些健康问题可能是由你的 DNA 异常引起的。
Some health conditions can ________ ________ by problems in your DNA.
四、短文填空
阅读短文,根据语篇要求填空,使短文通顺、意思完整。每空限填一词。
Wind power is a clean resource of energy which we can use forever because 16 is always wind. As a result, wind power 17 widely used. In history, because of wars, Chinese people invented kites and the sky lanterns to send messages. Now we mainly use wind 18 make electricity. Wind makes windmills spin (风车旋转). When the windmills spin, they make electricity. It is said 19 there are millions of windmills in the world. Some people say building windmills will be harmful to the environment. There is no need to worry about it. As long as we choose the right places, they 20 destroy the environment around at all. Windmills are always in unfrequented (人烟稀少的) places.
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