Starter（核心语法精练）英语新教材沪教版五四学制七年级上册

**基本信息** 以“知识回顾-考点夯基-综合提升”为逻辑主线，通过典型例句与错误陷阱提炼语法应用方法，系统覆盖人称代词主格等5大基础语法点，助力语言能力与思维品质提升。 **专项设计** |模块|题量/典例|方法提炼|知识逻辑| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |知识回顾|5个语法项目表格解析|通过错误陷阱点明常见误区（如主格与物主代词混淆、情态动词后接动词原形）|从词法（代词/名词/动词）到基础句法（疑问句），构建语法概念体系| |考点夯基|4类题型共30题（填空/选择/完成句子/句型转换）|结合语法要点说明规则应用（如be动词人称匹配、名词复数变化）|单一语法点直接应用，强化基础技能| |综合提升|语法选择10题+短文填空20空|语境中综合运用语法知识（如时态/代词/介词搭配）|从孤立知识点到语篇层面迁移，形成“概念-应用-迁移”递进链条|

Unit Starter 核心语法精练 目录 二、考点夯基 2 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 2 二、单项选择 3 三、完成句子 3 四、句型转换 4 一、语法选择 4 二、短文填空 5 语法项目 语法要点说明 典型例句 错误陷阱 人称代词主格 I /you/he /she/it /we/they，在句中作主语 She is my new classmate. ❌ Her is my new classmate.解析：作主语要使用主格；her 是形容词性物主代词，不能做主语；正确：She is my new classmate. be 动词 am /is/are 根据主语人称、数匹配 be 动词；掌握肯定、否定、一般疑问句变形 Are you from Shanghai? Yes, I am. ❌ You is a student.解析：第二人称 you 固定搭配 are；正确：You are a student. 可数名词单复数 掌握规则变化；重点记忆不规则变化 childchildren 等 I have two children in the picture. ❌ two child解析：child 的复数是 children，不存在 childs；正确：two children 基础特殊疑问句 What / Who / Where 基础问答，疑问词放句首，使用特殊疑问语序 Where are you from? ❌ Where you are from?解析：疑问词后接一般疑问结构；正确：Where are you from? 情态动词 can 表达能力；can /can’t 后接动词原形，无人称变化 I can introduce myself. ❌ He can swims.解析：情态动词后只能用动词原形；正确：He can swim. 考查语法： 人称代词主格；be 动词 am/is/are；可数名词单复数；基础特殊疑问句；情态动词 can 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。（10 小题） 1. ________ (her) is my new deskmate. 2. You ________ (be) from Grade Seven, right? 3. I can see two ________ (child) under the big tree. 4. —Where ________ (be) you from? —I ________ (be) from Suzhou. 5. He can ________ (introduction) himself in English. 6. Three ________ (box) are on the teacher’s desk. 7. ________ (our) are good friends from the same class. 8. The little boy can ________ (swimming) very well. 9. Those ________ (student) all like English lessons. 10. —Who ________ (be) the girl over there? —She is Amy. 二、单项选择。（5 小题） 1. —Is this your new classmate? —Yes, ____ name is Lisa and ____ is from Nanjing. A. she; her B. her; she C. she; she D. her; her 2. —____ you good at playing basketball? A. Is B. Are C. Am D. Be 3. He can ____ English songs for us. A. sing B. sings C. singing D. to sing 4. —____ are you from? —I’m from Hangzhou. A. What B. Who C. Where D. When 5. I can see five ____ in the playground. A. child B. childs C. children D. childes 三、完成句子。（10 小题） 1. 她是我的新同学。 ________ ________ my new classmate. 2. 你来自上海吗？ ________ ________ from Shanghai? 3. 我会用英语做自我介绍。 I ________ ________ myself in English. 4. 那两个孩子喜欢玩游戏。 The two ________ like ________ games. 5. — 他来自哪里？ — 他来自北京。 —________ ________ he from? —He is from Beijing. 6. 我们是七年级的学生。 ________ ________ students of Grade Seven. 7. 那个男孩不会游泳。 The boy ________ ________. 8. 这些学生都喜欢课外活动。 These ________ all like after‑school activities. 9. — 你的朋友在哪里？ — 他在教室里。 —________ is your friend? —He is in the classroom. 10. 我是一名七年级学生。 ________ ________ a student of Grade Seven. 四、句型转换。（5 小题） 1. She is from Guangzhou.（改为一般疑问句） ________ ________ from Guangzhou? 2. He can swim very well.（改为否定句） He ________ ________ very well. 3. They are children.（改为单数句） ________ ________ a child. 4. I am from Suzhou.（对划线部分 Suzhou 提问） ________ ________ you from? 5. The girl can introduce herself.（改为一般疑问句） ________ the girl ________ herself? 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Sophia likes English very much. She spends a lot of time 1 it every day. She usually goes to the school library and 2 English newspapers. After school, she goes 3 the city library behind her school. She needs to use the computer there to surf the Internet 4 she does not have a computer at home. She tries hard to chat with 5 American friends in English. In fact, Sophia did not like English at first. At that time, studying English 6 very hard for her. She didn’t know the good ways of leaning English. But one day, her new English teacher told her the importance of English and taught her 7 to learn English well. From then on, she started 8 to English songs and read English newspapers. She also wrote down good English 9 in the notebooks. Now, she loves English very much. She hopes to become 10 English teacher some day and help more students learn English well. 1．A．study        B．studying        C．to studying 2．A．reads        B．read        C．reading 3．A．to        B．in        C．at 4．A．because        B．but        C．so 5．A．her        B．she        C．hers 6．A．was        B．is        C．were 7．A．how to        B．how        C．what 8．A．listen        B．to listen        C．listening 9．A．taking        B．take       C．took 10．A．a        B．an        C．the 二、语法填空 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺；给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 (A)Fill in each blank with ONE proper word. English is fun and very useful. We can see its interesting uses everywhere. For example, “break a leg” doesn’t mean someone broke their leg; it actually 11 (mean) “good luck”! And “under the weather” 12 (sound) like it’s about rain, but it means someone isn’t feeling well. If something is very easy, we say it’s “a piece of cake”. Learning these expressions can 13 (add) more fun to our English study. Next time you see an ad. on the board, try 14 (take) a look and see if you can understand it. Remember, don’t be afraid of making mistakes. Just 15 (take) it easy and keep practicing! (B) Fill in each blank with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Understanding each other is important in our 16 (nation) communication. Sometimes, people from different countries speak the same English word 17 (different). For example, in British English, people say “lift” for what Americans call “elevator”. More than 50 countries list English as an 18 (office) language. This shows how 19 (wide) English is used worldwide. If you learn English well, you can talk to people all over the world almost 20 (with) any difficulty. 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit Starter 核心语法精练 目录 二、考点夯基 3 一、用所给单词的正确形式填空 3 二、单项选择 4 三、完成句子 7 四、句型转换 8 一、语法选择 9 二、短文填空 11 语法项目 语法要点说明 典型例句 错误陷阱 人称代词主格 I /you/he /she/it /we/they，在句中作主语 She is my new classmate. ❌ Her is my new classmate.解析：作主语要使用主格；her 是形容词性物主代词，不能做主语；正确：She is my new classmate. be 动词 am /is/are 根据主语人称、数匹配 be 动词；掌握肯定、否定、一般疑问句变形 Are you from Shanghai? Yes, I am. ❌ You is a student.解析：第二人称 you 固定搭配 are；正确：You are a student. 可数名词单复数 掌握规则变化；重点记忆不规则变化 childchildren 等 I have two children in the picture. ❌ two child解析：child 的复数是 children，不存在 childs；正确：two children 基础特殊疑问句 What / Who / Where 基础问答，疑问词放句首，使用特殊疑问语序 Where are you from? ❌ Where you are from?解析：疑问词后接一般疑问结构；正确：Where are you from? 情态动词 can 表达能力；can /can’t 后接动词原形，无人称变化 I can introduce myself. ❌ He can swims.解析：情态动词后只能用动词原形；正确：He can swim. 考查语法： 人称代词主格；be 动词 am/is/are；可数名词单复数；基础特殊疑问句；情态动词 can 一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。（10 小题） 1. ________ (her) is my new deskmate. 【答案】She 【解析】句子缺少主语，要用人称代词主格 she，句首首字母大写。 2. You ________ (be) from Grade Seven, right? 【答案】are 【解析】主语为 you，be 动词固定搭配 are。 3. I can see two ________ (child) under the big tree. 【答案】children 【解析】数词 two 后接可数名词复数；child 不规则复数形式为 children。 4. —Where ________ (be) you from? —I ________ (be) from Suzhou. 【答案】are；am 【解析】主语 you 搭配 are；I 搭配 be 动词 am。 5. He can ________ (introduction) himself in English. 【答案】introduce 【解析】情态动词 can 后面接动词原形。 6. Three ________ (box) are on the teacher’s desk. 【答案】boxes 【解析】three 后用复数，box 以‑x 结尾，加‑es。 7. ________ (our) are good friends from the same class. 【答案】We 【解析】本句作主语，使用主格 we，句首大写。 8. The little boy can ________ (swimming) very well. 【答案】swim 【解析】can 为情态动词，后接动词原形。 9. Those ________ (student) all like English lessons. 【答案】students 【解析】those “那些” 后接可数名词复数 student‑students。 10. —Who ________ (be) the girl over there? —She is Amy. 【答案】is 【解析】主语 the girl 是单数，be 动词用 is。 二、单项选择。（5 小题） 1. —Is this your new classmate? —Yes, ____ name is Lisa and ____ is from Nanjing. A. she; her B. her; she C. she; she D. her; her 【答案】B 【解析】第一空修饰 name 用形容词性物主代词 her；第二空作主语用主格 she。 2. —____ you good at playing basketball? A. Is B. Are C. Am D. Be 【答案】B 【解析】主语是 you，be 动词使用 are。 3. He can ____ English songs for us. A. sing B. sings C. singing D. to sing 【答案】A 【解析】情态动词 can 后必须使用动词原形 sing。 4. —____ are you from? —I’m from Hangzhou. A. What B. Who C. Where D. When 【答案】C 【解析】答句回答地点，特殊疑问词用 where。 5. I can see five ____ in the playground. A. child B. childs C. children D. childes 【答案】C 【解析】five 后面接复数；child 的不规则复数是 children。 三、完成句子。（10 小题） 1. 她是我的新同学。 ________ ________ my new classmate. 【答案】She is 【解析】作主语用主格 she，主语单数搭配 is；句首大写。 2. 你来自上海吗？ ________ ________ from Shanghai? 【答案】Are you 【解析】主语 you，be 动词用 are，一般疑问句 be 动词提前。 3. 我会用英语做自我介绍。 I ________ ________ myself in English. 【答案】can introduce 【解析】can 情态动词 “能够”，后接动词原形 introduce。 4. 那两个孩子喜欢玩游戏。 The two ________ like ________ games. 【答案】children；playing 【解析】two 后用复数 children；like doing sth 喜欢做某事。 5. — 他来自哪里？ — 他来自北京。 —________ ________ he from? —He is from Beijing. 【答案】Where is 【解析】询问来自哪里用 where，主语 he，be 动词用 is。 6. 我们是七年级的学生。 ________ ________ students of Grade Seven. 【答案】We are 【解析】主语 we 主格，be 动词用 are，句首大写。 7. 那个男孩不会游泳。 The boy ________ ________. 【答案】can’t swim 【解析】can’t 是 can not 缩写，情态动词后接动词原形 swim。 8. 这些学生都喜欢课外活动。 These ________ all like after‑school activities. 【答案】students 【解析】these “这些” 后接可数名词复数 students。 9. — 你的朋友在哪里？ — 他在教室里。 —________ is your friend? —He is in the classroom. 【答案】Where 【解析】对地点提问用特殊疑问词 where。 10. 我是一名七年级学生。 ________ ________ a student of Grade Seven. 【答案】I am 【解析】主语 I 搭配 be 动词 am。 四、句型转换。（5 小题） 1. She is from Guangzhou.（改为一般疑问句） ________ ________ from Guangzhou? 【答案】Is she 【解析】含有 be 动词的句子变一般疑问句，把 be 动词 is 提前。 2. He can swim very well.（改为否定句） He ________ ________ very well. 【答案】can’t swim 【解析】情态动词 can 变否定直接加 not，缩写 can’t，后面保持动词原形。 3. They are children.（改为单数句） ________ ________ a child. 【答案】He/She is 【解析】they 单数用 he 或者 she；be 动词对应改为 is。 4. I am from Suzhou.（对划线部分 Suzhou 提问） ________ ________ you from? 【答案】Where are 【解析】对地点提问用 where；原句 I 改为疑问句要换成 you，be 动词改用 are。 5. The girl can introduce herself.（改为一般疑问句） ________ the girl ________ herself? 【答案】Can; introduce 【解析】情态动词 can 变一般疑问句直接提前，后面动词保持原形 introduce。 一、语法选择 根据短文内容，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个语法正确的答案。 Sophia likes English very much. She spends a lot of time 1 it every day. She usually goes to the school library and 2 English newspapers. After school, she goes 3 the city library behind her school. She needs to use the computer there to surf the Internet 4 she does not have a computer at home. She tries hard to chat with 5 American friends in English. In fact, Sophia did not like English at first. At that time, studying English 6 very hard for her. She didn’t know the good ways of leaning English. But one day, her new English teacher told her the importance of English and taught her 7 to learn English well. From then on, she started 8 to English songs and read English newspapers. She also wrote down good English 9 in the notebooks. Now, she loves English very much. She hopes to become 10 English teacher some day and help more students learn English well. 1．A．study        B．studying        C．to studying 2．A．reads        B．read        C．reading 3．A．to        B．in        C．at 4．A．because        B．but        C．so 5．A．her        B．she        C．hers 6．A．was        B．is        C．were 7．A．how to        B．how        C．what 8．A．listen        B．to listen        C．listening 9．A．taking        B．take       C．took 10．A．a        B．an        C．the 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．A 6．A 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．B 【导语】本文主要讲述 Sophia 从不喜欢英语到热爱英语，掌握学习英语方法的成长小故事。 【详解】 1．句意：她每天花很多时间学习英语。 study 动词原形；studying 动名词；to studying（to 为介词结构，语法错误）。固定搭配 spend time doing sth 花费时间做某事，后面接动名词。故选 B。 2．句意：她通常去学校图书馆读英文报纸。 reads 动词三单；read 动词原形；reading 动名词。and 连接并列谓语，和 goes 保持时态人称一致，使用一般现在时第三人称单数。故选 A。 3．句意：放学后，她去往学校后面的市图书馆。 to 到；in 在…… 内部；at 在（小地点）。固定结构 go to + 地点名词 去往某地。故选 A。 4．句意：她需要使用那里的电脑上网，因为她家里没有电脑。 because 因为（原因状语连词）；but 但是（转折）；so 所以（结果）。后半句是前半句动作的原因，用 because 引导原因状语从句。故选 A。 5．句意：她努力用英语和她的美国朋友们聊天。 her 形容词性物主代词；she 人称代词主格；hers 名词性物主代词。后面有名词 friends，要用形容词性物主代词 her 作定语修饰名词。故选 A。 6．句意：那时候，学英语对她来说十分困难。 was（be 动词三单过去式）；is（一般现在时三单）；were（复数 / 第二人称过去式）。时间标志 at that time 表示过去；动名词 studying English 作主语，视作单数，be 动词用 was。故选 A。 7．句意：但是有一天，新英语老师告诉她英语的重要性，并且教她怎样学好英语。 how to“疑问词 + 不定式” 结构；how 怎样；what 什么。固定搭配 teach sb. how to do sth 教某人如何做某事，“疑问词 how + to不定式” 作宾语。故选 A。 8．句意：从那以后，她喜欢听英文歌、读英文报纸。 listen 动词原形；to listen 动词不定式；listening 动名词。固定搭配 enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事，enjoy 后必须接动名词作宾语。故选 C。 9．句意：她还每天晚上练习用英语记笔记。 taking 动名词；take 动词原形；took 过去式。固定搭配 practise doing sth 练习做某事，practise 后面接动名词。故选 A。 10．句意：她希望有朝一日成为一名英语老师，帮助更多学生学好英语。 a 用于辅音音素开头单词前；an 用于元音音素开头单词前；the 表特指。此处表泛指一名老师，English 以元音音素开头，用不定冠词 an。故选 B。 二、语法填空 根据短文内容，在横线上填上适当单词，使短文完整、通顺；给出单词的空格不限一词，没有给出单词的空格限一词。 (A)Fill in each blank with ONE proper word. English is fun and very useful. We can see its interesting uses everywhere. For example, “break a leg” doesn’t mean someone broke their leg; it actually 11 (mean) “good luck”! And “under the weather” 12 (sound) like it’s about rain, but it means someone isn’t feeling well. If something is very easy, we say it’s “a piece of cake”. Learning these expressions can 13 (add) more fun to our English study. Next time you see an ad. on the board, try 14 (take) a look and see if you can understand it. Remember, don’t be afraid of making mistakes. Just 15 (take) it easy and keep practicing! 【答案】11．means 12．sounds 13．add 14．taking 15．take 【导语】本文主要通过几个例子说明英语很有趣，也很有用。 【详解】11．句意：例如，“摔断腿”并不意味着有人摔断了腿；它实际上意味着“好运”！根据“‘break a leg’ doesn’t mean someone broke their leg; it actually...‘good luck’”以及所给单词可知，也用一般现在时，主语it是单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式means，和前面的doesn’t mean相对。故填means。 12．句意：“天气不好”听起来像是下雨，但这意味着有人感觉不舒服。根据下文的“but it means someone isn’t feeling well”可知，也用一般现在时，主语“under the weather”看作单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式sounds。故填sounds。 13．句意：学习这些表达可以为我们的英语学习增添更多乐趣。情态动词can后接动词原形。故填add。 14．句意：下次你在广告牌上看到广告时，试着看一看，看看你是否能理解它。根据下文的“and see if you can understand it”可知，此处表示试着看一看。try doing sth“试着做某事”，所以填动词try的动名词形式trying。故填taking。 15．句意：放松点，继续练习！根据“Just...it easy and keep practicing!”以及所给单词可知，本句是肯定的祈使句，应用动词take的原形。故填take。 (B) Fill in each blank with the correct form of the word given in brackets. Understanding each other is important in our 16 (nation) communication. Sometimes, people from different countries speak the same English word 17 (different). For example, in British English, people say “lift” for what Americans call “elevator”. More than 50 countries list English as an 18 (office) language. This shows how 19 (wide) English is used worldwide. If you learn English well, you can talk to people all over the world almost 20 (with) any difficulty. 【答案】16．international 17．differently 18．official 19．widely 20．without 【导语】本文主要讲述了英语在国际交流中的重要性，强调了不同国家使用英语的差异以及英语在全球范围内的广泛使用。 16．句意： 在我们的国际交流中，相互理解很重要。空处修饰名词communication，所以应用形容词作定语，结合下文的“美式英语”和“英式英语”在沟通上的差异可知，此处指“国际交流”，international“国际的”，故填international。 17．句意： 有时，来自不同国家的人对同一个英语单词的发音不同。空处修饰动词speak，所以用动词different的副词形式differently“不同地”。故填differently。 18．句意： 超过50个国家将英语列为官方语言。空处修饰名词language，所以用office的形容词形式official“官方的”。故填official。 19．句意： 这表明英语在全球范围内使用得多么广泛。wide“广泛的”，空处修饰动词used，且被how修饰，所以用其对应的副词形式widely“广泛地”。故填widely。 20．句意： 如果你学好英语，你几乎可以毫无困难地与世界各地的人交流。根据“If you learn English well”及常识可知，学好英语的话，与世界各地的人交流几乎没有困难，without“没有”。故填without。 1 / 12 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $