Unit 1能力测评单元卷2026-2027学年冀教版英语九年级下册

**基本信息** 冀教版9下Unit 1能力测评卷（满分100分），通过多样题型融合语言能力与思维品质，情境贴近学生生活，适配单元复习需求。 **题型特征** |题型|题量/分值|知识覆盖|命题特色| |----|-----------|----------|----------| |单项选择|10/10|副词、代词等语法点|语境化考查词汇辨析，如第1题clearly的运用| |完形填空|10/10|动词短语、形容词等|围绕“尊重”主题，渗透文化意识，如第15题polite的选择| |阅读理解|15/30|细节理解、推理判断|选取校园故事等真实情境，提升思维品质，如A篇培养判断力| |书面表达|1/15|话题写作|“传递快乐”主题结合生活，锻炼语言表达与情感态度|

冀教版9下Unit 1能力测评卷 （满分：100分） 一、单项选择(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) ( ) 1. A good dictionary can ________ explain the meaning of new words and help students understand the text better. A. clearly B. suddenly C. loudly D. widely ( ) 2. My sister made a kite by ________ and she gave it to ________ new classmate. A. himself; his B. himself; him C. herself; hers D. herself; her ( ) 3.When we have good chances, we need to take them in time, or we will ________ it sooner or later. A. regret B. control C. succeed D. afford ( ) 4. -I was caught in the rain and got completely wet on the way. -What bad luck! ________, you’re back home safely. A. Moreover B. Still C. Instead D. Anyway ( ) 5.She tried to why the machine stopped working. A.figure out B.move on C.pass away D.pour out ( ) 6. People can hardly see the stars well ________ we cut down on light pollution in cities. A. after B. since C. as D. unless ( ) 7.By the way, speaking of must-eat food, what do you ________, Li Hua? A. insist B. imagine C. suppose D. suggest ( ) 8.-I felt very proud when I saw many things made in China during my stay in Europe. -There’s still a long way to go. ________ “Made in China” ________ “Created in China” is what we need. A. Or; or B. Neither; nor C. Not only; but also D. Both; and ( ) 9.I want to read books watch TV.They can open a new world for me. A.rather than B.not at all C.except for D.other than ( ) 10.We should help people . Small kindness can make a big difference. A.on stage B.in the distance C.in need D.at the table 二、完形填空(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) When we teenagers learn to respect ourselves and others, we can develop stronger friendships, work better in teams, and grow into confident adults. Here are simple ways to ____11____ us respect in daily life. Build self-respect through daily habits. We teenagers can learn to ____12____ ourselves by choosing healthy food, getting enough rest, and keeping clothes tidy. We can start with small ____13____ like making the bed and cleaning tables. Then our efforts may even be ___14____ by others to show that our actions really matter. Be ____15____ to others in daily life. Remind ourselves to say “please” when we teenagers ask for something and “____16____” when someone helps us. Also, let’s learn to wait without interrupting (打断) until others finish speaking. Understand everyone thinks ____17____. Encourage ourselves to explore these differences by asking ____18____ like “What’s your idea?” and “How do you feel?” This helps us respect others’ feelings and build better relationships. Notice and praise others’ advantages. Let’s learn to notice others’ advantages by pointing out ____19____ actions. For example, we can say, “My friends shared toys. That was so nice!” We teenagers can learn from them. Focusing on ____20____ ways helps us teenagers respect people around us more. Respect starts with small actions but turns into big love. When we respect ourselves and others, we can create a better world. ( ) 11. A. make B. find C. teach D. improve ( ) 12. A. care for B. take on C. worry about D. think of ( ) 13. A. plans B. actions C. habits D. hobbies ( ) 14. A. warned B. punished C. improved D. praised ( ) 15. A. polite B. useful C. strict D. patient ( ) 16. A. goodbye B. sorry C. thanks D. pardon ( ) 17. A. clearly B. certainly C. seriously D. differently ( ) 18. A. problems B. questions C. greetings D. reasons ( ) 19. A. kind B. terrible C. proud D. normal ( ) 20. A. common B. famous C. necessary D. positive 三、阅读理解(共15小题，每小题2分，共30分) A Last Tuesday, I rushed to school as usual. The bell was about to ring, and I quickly sat down in my classroom. When the teacher asked us to write a short passage, I opened my pencil case—but my pen was gone! I searched my schoolbag, but found nothing. My heart sank. “Who took my pen?” I whispered impatiently. I looked at my deskmate, Tom. He was using a pen that looked exactly like mine. “That’s my pen!” I said loudly. Tom looked confused (困惑的). “No, this is my new pen,” he replied calmly. I didn’t believe him. I felt so angry that I didn’t talk to him for the whole morning. During lunch break I went home to get my homework. When I opened my desk, to my surprise, there it was—my pen! It had fallen behind my books. I felt terrible. I had blamed (责备) Tom for no reason. I hurried back to school and said to him, “I’m really sorry, Tom. I found my pen at home. You were right.” Tom just smiled and said, “It’s okay. We all make mistakes.” I learned that ________. Sometimes, we are too quick to judge, but patience and trust can save us from hurting our friends. Now, whenever I feel angry or suspicious (怀疑的), I take a deep breath and think twice. This small lesson has made me a better person. ( ) 21. What happened at the beginning of the story? A. The writer lost his pen on the way to school. B. The writer had a fight with his deskmate. C. The writer could not find his pen in the class. D. The writer was blamed by the teacher for being late. ( ) 22. Which of the following shows how the writer’s feelings changed over time? A. Impatient→ angry→ excited→ sad. B. Surprised→ angry→ happy→ terrible. C. Sad→ angry→ thankful→ surprised. D. Impatient→ angry→ surprised→ terrible. ( ) 23. Which of the following can be put in ________? A. always keep your things in a safe place B. never judge a book by its cover C. never blame others before checking the facts D. honesty is the best policy B ①Communication isn’t always easy, but it’s the key to healthy relationships. If you want to communicate better with your family or friends, here is some helpful advice. ②To begin with, learn to say what you mean clearly. Sometimes we expect others to understand our hidden meanings, but that doesn’t work well. Instead, be direct and express your thoughts clearly. ③Secondly, use “I” statements when you talk about your feelings. Don’t start with “You always …” or “You never …” Try saying “I feel sad when …” or “I’ve noticed that …” This helps the other person listen better without getting angry. ④Thirdly, stay as calm as you can during discussions. If you feel too angry, take a deep breath to relax or walk away for a few minutes. When you’re calm, you can express yourself more clearly and have a better conversation. ⑤Besides, pay attention to your body language. Look at the person when you speak, and don’t cross your arms. Smiling can help create a positive atmosphere (气氛). ⑥Good communication takes practice, but it’s worth the effort. With patience and the advice above, you can build stronger relationships with the people around you. ( ) 24. What does the writer advise us to do in paragraph 2? A. Always hide our meanings. B. Express our meanings clearly. C. Keep calm during a discussion. D. Practice communicating often. ( ) 25. Which is a good way to express feelings according to the writer? A. Saying “I feel sad when you do that.” B. Saying “You should stop doing that.” C. Saying “Why not try to understand me?” D. Saying “You always make the same mistake.” ( ) 26. What could you do if you feel too angry according to the writer? A. Keep diaries. B. Talk with friends. C. Ask teachers for help. D. Leave for a while. ( ) 27. Which of the following best shows the structure (结构) of the text? A.①/②③④⑤⑥ B.①②③④⑤/ ⑥ C.①/②③④⑤/⑥ D.①②/③④⑤/⑥ C A golden light covered the cornfields as the sun began to set. I wanted to rest, too. After saying goodbye to my friends, I walked back to the camp. Suddenly, I heard a voice behind me. “Photo, photo, photo,” said a little boy. I was tired and didn’t want to take more pictures, so I refused. But he kept following me, asking for a photo. Finally, I had an idea. I asked the boy to stand in the cornfield and pose (摆好姿势). But when I prepared to take the picture, he became shy and scared. No matter what I said, I couldn’t get the shot. Upset, I stopped trying. The boy looked embarrassed and alone. To cheer him up, I clapped (鼓掌) and said, “That was great! You were great!” His family gathered around, clapping and cheering. The boy smiled, and I took some pictures of that happy moment. The photo was better than I imagined because it came from the heart. I learned that when we focus on the present moment, we create something special. This experience taught me about seeing others, not just my own wants. The boy just wanted to be noticed. I saw the joy and simplicity (简单) in his life. Photography helps me connect with others and the world. It reminds me of what’s truly important. ( ) 28. Why did the writer refuse to take photos at first? A. Because he felt very tired then. B. Because he disliked the little boy. C. Because the boy looked impolite. D. Because it was too dark to take photos. ( ) 29. What happened when the writer prepared to take the boy’s photo? A. The boy ran away at once. B. The boy’s family stopped them. C. The boy felt shy and scared. D. The weather suddenly turned bad. ( ) 30. How did the writer cheer the boy up? A. He gave the boy some gifts. B. He told him some interesting stories. C. He sang songs for the boy. D. He clapped for him and encouraged him. ( ) 31. What can we learn from the passage? A. Taking photos makes people wealthy quickly. B. Paying attention to others brings special beauty. C. We should only care about our own feelings. D. Taking photos is just for fun and has no meaning. D When our friends ask for help, we often agree without a second thought. Why do we do this? Usually, we say yes because we want to give a helping hand, bring joy to others, or be at peace with everyone. However, always saying yes to everything is not wise. Does this mean we can always say no? The answer is clear. In some cases, to say yes is the only answer. For example, we must follow school rules. When it comes to keeping public safety and guarding national interests, we must say yes. But when can we say no? We can say no if the request (请求) is unreasonable. Saying no can help us stick to what is right and avert unnecessary problems. After knowing when to say no, it is time to learn how to say no in a proper way. Here are some ways to help us say no. ·Start small. Like any habit, saying yes to everything can be hard to break. We can begin by saying no to easier situations, and then practice more. ·Don’t say yes too early. Tell others we need to check our plans first. ·Keep answers short. We don’t need long excuses. A simple “No, I have other plans.” is enough. Make sure we say it in a polite way. ·Be brave. If we must say yes, say it with an open heart. If we must say no, say it without fear. Saying no is not the same as being selfish (自私的). We also need to stand up for others and a better society. ( ) 32. Why do we say yes when our friends ask for help? A. To care about our hands. B. To get on well with others. C. To take down our thoughts. D. To stay far away from joy. ( ) 33. What does the underlined word “avert” in Paragraph 3 mean? A. Avoid. B. Face. C. Cause. D. Correct. ( ) 34. Which of the following is a proper way to say no according to the text? A. Consider others’ plans first. B. Answer as rapidly as possible. C. Start from difficult situations. D. Reply politely without long excuses. ( ) 35. What does the writer encourage readers to do? A. Keep requests in mind. B. Say yes to the power of no. C. Offer advice without fear. D. Give way to the need of friends. 四、任务型阅读(共5小题，每小题2分，共10分) Calm (冷静的) Communication Imagine how loud and bad it would be if everybody shouted at each other all the time. Keeping calm helps people communicate better. ____36____ Calm communication means speaking clearly and calmly, listening carefully and choosing kind words. When you’re calm, it’s easier for you to share ideas, hear others and deal with problems. What happens when you shout? ____37____ However, people may not really remember what you say. This is because when someone shouts at you, your brain lets out stress hormones (激素). ____38____ How can you communicate calmly? When you’re sad or angry, staying calm can be hard. If you feel like shouting, what can you do? ____39____ Think about what you want to say. Think about questions like: ____40____ Is it necessary to shout out? If not, try explaining your feelings more clearly and politely. Think about your goal before speaking. If you want to make yourself understood, staying calm gives you a better chance. A. Is it kind and polite? B. Take deep, slow breaths. C. What is a successful speech? D. Shouting gets attention easily. E. What is calm communication? F. First, your blood pressure rises. G. They make it hard to take in information. 五、词语运用(共10小题，每小题1分，共10分) A)用所给词的适当形式填空 41.She made the cake (her). 42.She looked (confuse) when she heard the news. 43.It (upset) me when people talk loudly. 44.He fell (sleep) quickly. He was very tired after a long day. 45.There is no (universe) answer to the problem. B)根据汉语意思，完成下列句子。 46.男孩们默不作声地吃晚饭。 The boys ate their dinner . 47.因为大雪，很多公交车停运了。 Many buses were because of the heavy snow. 48.别生他的气，他毕竟只是个孩子。 Don't be angry with him. He is only a child . 49.许多动物能够适应天气的变化。 Many animals can changes of weather. 50.游客人数被限制为 100 人。 The number of visitors one hundred. 六、短文填空(共15空，每空1分，共15分) You may not realize it, but you are doing more than just ____51____ (study) when you are at school. School is also the place where you learn to get along well with people. ____52____, this is not always easy. What can you do if you just don’t like one of your ____53____ (classmate)? If you discover that you have ___54____ (problem) getting along with your classmates or friends, one of the ____55____ (important) things to learn is tolerance (宽容). Tolerance is the ____56____ (able) to realize and respect the differences in others. We can’t change the way other people do things, so it is important to learn to live ____57____ (happy) with them. If everyone ____58____ (learn) tolerance, they will get on better ____59____ each other. Knowing others constantly (不断地) also lets us understand ____60____ (other) differences. Something different does not ____61____ (exact) mean that it is bad. Tolerance teaches us how ____62____ (keep) an even temper (温和的脾气) and an open mind. As an old ____63____ (say) goes, “Treat others how you want to ____64____ (treat).” The world is very different, and practising tolerance in ____65____ (you) own school and city can help make things better. 七、书面表达(15分) 科学研究发现，快乐有益健康，而微笑、赞扬、分享等行为都能传递快乐。班级英语角将举办以”传递快乐”为主题的故事分享会，请你讲述生活中用快乐感染他人的小故事。 注意： 1. 词数 80-100； 2. 文中不能出现自己的姓名和所在学校的名称； 3. 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。 Studies show that being happy helps us stay healthy. It’s meaningful to spread happiness in daily life. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案与解析 一、 1.A【解析】句意：一本好词典能够清楚地解释新单词的含义，并帮助学生更好地理解课文。 clearly清楚地；suddenly突然地；loudly大声地；widely广泛地。根据常识，词典的功能是解释词义，且应让使用者容易理解，“清楚地”符合这一逻辑，故选用clearly。 2.D【解析】句意：我姐姐独自制作了一个风筝，并把它给了她的新同学。himself他自己；his他的；him他；herself她自己；hers她的（名词性物主代词）；her她/她的。第一空主语“my sister”是女性，by oneself表示“独自”，故填herself；第二空修饰名词classmate需用形容词性物主代词，对应女性主语用her。 3.A【解析】句意：当我们有好机会时，我们需要及时抓住它们，否则我们迟早会后悔。regret后悔；control控制；succeed成功；afford负担得起。or表示转折，意为否则，不抓住机会会带来负面结果，只有regret符合语境。 4.D【解析】句意：——我在路上遇上大雨，浑身都湿透了。——真倒霉！无论如何，你安全到家了。Moreover此外；Still仍然；Instead代替；Anyway无论如何。根据“What bad luck!”可知对方遭遇不幸，后半句“you’re back home safely”表示安慰，强调尽管下雨淋湿，但好歹安全到家。Anyway符合语境。 5.A【解析】句意：她努力想弄明白机器为什么停止运转了。figure out弄明白；搞清楚；算出 ，符合句意。move on继续前进；pass away去世；pour out倾倒。 6.D【解析】句意：除非我们减少城市光污染，否则人们几乎没法好好看到星星。after在……之后；since自从/因为；as当……时/由于；unless除非。此句后半句用来限定前半句动作发生的条件，属于条件状语从句，unless可引导否定条件，应填unless。 7.D【解析】句意：顺便说一下，说到必吃的美食，你建议吃什么，李华？insist坚持；imagine想象；suppose猜想；suggest建议。根据“speaking of must-eat food”可知是在讨论美食，推测出是在询问对方的建议。故填suggest。 8.C【解析】句意：——当我在欧洲看到许多中国制造的东西时，我感到非常自豪。——还有很长的路要走。我们需要的不仅是“中国制造”，而且是“中国创造”。or或者；Neither；nor既不……也不……；Not only；but also不但……而且……；Both；and两者都。根据“There’s still a long way to go.”可知，还有很长的路要走，说明“中国制造”还不够，还需要“中国创造”，也就是两者都需要，但是更强调“中国创造”的重要性，即“不但需要‘中国制造’，而且需要‘中国创造’”，所以用Not only；but also。 9.A【解析】句意：我想看书，而不是看电视。它们能为我打开一个全新的世界。 rather than而不是，用来连接两个并列的动作，符合句意。not at all一点也不；别客气。单独使用，不能连接两个动词短语。 except for除了…… 之外（对整体做修正，后面接名词 / 名词短语）。 other than除了…… 之外；不同于。 10.C【解析】句意：我们应该帮助有困难的人。小小的善意就能带来很大的改变。on stage在舞台上；in the distance在远处；in need在危难中，有困难的； at the table在餐桌旁；在吃饭。 二、 【主旨大意】 本文介绍了青少年如何通过日常习惯、礼貌待人、理解差异及赞美他人来学会尊重自己和他人，创造更美好的世界。 11.C【解析】句意：这里有一些简单的方法可以在日常生活中教会我们尊重。 根据前文“we teenagers learn to respect ourselves and others”，与learn相对，此处指方法能“教会”我们尊重，respect在此作名词，teach符合题意。make使、find找到、improve提高，均不合逻辑。 12.A【解析】句意：我们青少年可以学会通过选择健康食物、保证充足睡眠和保持衣着整洁来关心自己。 根据“choosing healthy food, getting enough rest, and keeping clothes tidy”可知，这些都是照顾自己的具体行为，care for“关心/照顾”符合题意。take on承担、worry about担心、think of想到，均不符合“照顾自己”的语境。 13.B【解析】句意：我们可以从整理床铺和清理桌子等小行为开始。 根据后文“like making the bed and cleaning tables”可知，列举的都是日常小动作，actions行为、举动，符合题意。plans计划、habits习惯、hobbies爱好，不符合语境。 14.D【解析】句意：那么我们的努力甚至可能会被他人赞扬，以示我们的行为真的很重要。 根据“our efforts”及“to show that our actions really matter”可知，好的行为应得到正面反馈，praised“称赞”符合逻辑。warned警告、punished惩罚、improved改善（improved by others不合逻辑），均不符合。 15.A【解析】句意：在日常生活中对他人要有礼貌。  根据下文“say ‘please’”及“wait without interrupting”可知，这些都是礼貌的行为，polite“礼貌的”符合题意。useful有用的、strict严格的、patient耐心的，均不符合本段主题。 16.C【解析】句意：当有人帮助我们时说“谢谢”。 根据日常社交礼仪，得到帮助后应说“谢谢”，thanks符合题意。goodbye再见、sorry对不起、pardon请再说一遍，均不符合“别人帮助我们”的场景。 17.D【解析】句意：理解每个人的想法都不同。 根据下文“explore these differences”可知，此处强调每个人想法的“不同”，differently符合题意。clearly清楚地、certainly当然、seriously严肃地，均无法引出“differences”。 18.B【解析】句意：通过问“你的想法是什么？”和“你感觉怎么样？”这样的问题来鼓励自己探索这些差异。 根据“What’s your idea?”和“How do you feel?”可知，这些都是询问性的“问题”，questions符合题意。problems难题、greetings问候、reasons原因，均不符合。 19.A【解析】句意：让我们学会通过指出善良的行为来注意他人的优点。 根据下文“My friends shared toys. That was so nice!”可知，这是一种“友善的”行为，kind符合题意。terrible糟糕的、proud自豪的、normal正常的，均不符合评价善意行为的语境。 20.D【解析】句意：关注积极的方式有助于我们青少年更尊重周围的人。 根据前文“notice others’ advantages”及“learn from them”可知，这些都是“积极的”方式，positive符合题意。common普通的、famous著名的、necessary必要的，均不如positive贴合“发现优点、学习优点”的正面导向。 三、 A 【主旨大意】 本文讲述作者上课发现钢笔不见，误以为同桌汤姆拿走钢笔而生闷气，后来在家书桌找到钢笔，主动向同桌道歉。作者从中得到教训：遇事不要急于下判断，弄清事实前不应随意责怪他人。 21.C【解析】根据原文第一段“I opened my pencil case—but my pen was gone!” 可知，故事开头作者在教室里找不到钢笔。 22.D【解析】梳理文中表达作者情感变化的关键词：第二段中“I whispered impatiently”（不耐烦）；第三段中“I felt so angry”（生气）；第三段末尾“to my surprise”（惊讶）；第四段开头“I felt terrible”（糟糕/愧疚）。情感变化顺序为：Impatient→angry→surprised→terrible。 23.C【解析】根据最后一段横线后的句子 “Sometimes, we are too quick to judge... think twice.”，结合全文情节：作者未查清事实就责怪同桌，找到钢笔后十分愧疚，文章主旨是弄清事实前不要随意责怪他人。 B 【主旨大意】 本文介绍了提升沟通能力的几条实用建议，旨在帮助人们通过有效沟通建立更健康的人际关系。 24.B【解析】第②段提到“To begin with, learn to say what you mean clearly... Instead, be direct and express your thoughts clearly”，说明作者在第2段建议我们清晰地表达自己的想法。 25.A【解析】第③段提到Try saying “I feel sad when …” or “I’ve noticed that …，说明用“I feel sad when you do that”这种以“我”开头的表述是表达感受的好方式，而以“You always...”开头的表述容易引发对方的抵触情绪。 26.D【解析】第④段提到“If you feel too angry, take a deep breath to relax or walk away for a few minutes”，说明当你感到非常生气时，可以暂时离开一会儿，让自己冷静下来。 27.C【解析】文章第①段总述沟通的重要性并引出建议，第②-⑤段分点介绍四条沟通建议，第⑥段总结全文，因此结构为“总—分—总”，对应选项C的图示。 C 【主旨大意】 本文主要讲述了作者帮小男孩拍照，懂得多顾及他人才能收获独特美好。 28.A【解析】第一段指出“I was tired and didn’t want to take more pictures, so I refused.”，作者当时很累，不想再拍照了，所以拒绝了。 29.C【解析】第二段指出“But when I prepared to take the picture, he became shy and scared.”，当作者准备拍照时，他变得害羞且害怕。 30.D【解析】第二段指出“To cheer him up, I clapped and said, ‘That was great! You were great!’”，作者是通过鼓掌和鼓励的话语来安慰男孩的。 31.B【解析】第三段指出“I learned that when we focus on the present moment, we create something special. This experience taught me about seeing others, not just my own wants.”，文章主旨在于关注他人能带来特别的美好。 D 【主旨大意】 本文主要讲述面对朋友求助时不要一味答应，要分清场合，学会合理拒绝，并介绍几种恰当拒绝他人的方法。 32.B【解析】第一段给出原因“Usually, we say yes because we want to give a helping hand, bring joy to others, or be at peace with everyone.”，这说明我们答应朋友的请求，是希望和别人和睦相处。 33.A【解析】第三段给出句子“Saying no can help us stick to what is right and avert unnecessary problems.”，拒绝可以坚守正确的事，避免不必要的麻烦，故划线部分意为“避免”，与avoid意思相同。 34.D【解析】原文方法部分写明“Keep answers short. We don’t need long excuses. A simple ‘No, I have other plans.’ is enough. Make sure we say it in a polite way.”，说明回复要礼貌，不用冗长借口。 35.B【解析】通读全文，文章主要阐述什么时候可以拒绝他人以及如何恰当拒绝，鼓励读者懂得拒绝的力量。 四、 【主旨大意】 本文介绍了冷静沟通的重要性、大喊大叫的负面影响以及如何在情绪激动时保持冷静进行有效沟通。 36.E【解析】上文提到保持冷静有助于人们更好地沟通，下文具体解释了冷静沟通的含义——说话清晰冷静、认真倾听、选择友善的词语。E项“What is calm communication?”以问句形式引出下文对冷静沟通的定义，与上文“保持冷静”和下文具体解释形成逻辑衔接。 37.D【解析】上文问“当你大喊大叫时会发生什么？”，下文说然而人们可能不记得你说什么，这是因为大脑释放压力荷尔蒙。D项“Shouting gets attention easily.”承接上文问题，指出大喊大叫能引起注意，与下文“但不被记住”形成对比。 38.G【解析】上文提到当你被吼时大脑释放压力荷尔蒙，下文问“如何冷静沟通？”。G项“They make it hard to take in information.”进一步解释压力荷尔蒙的影响——让人难以吸收信息，与上文形成因果衔接，自然过渡到下文对冷静沟通方法的讨论。 39.B【解析】上文问如果你觉得想大喊大叫该怎么办，下文说思考想说什么。B项“Take deep, slow breaths.”提供具体方法——先做深呼吸冷静下来，与下文“思考想说什么”形成先后顺序。 40.A【解析】上文提到思考一些问题，如，下文举例“如果没必要大喊大叫，尝试更清晰礼貌地解释你的感受”。A项“Is it kind and polite?”提供具体问题示例，与下文“更清晰礼貌地解释”形成呼应。 五、 A) 41.herself 42.confused 43.upsets 44.asleep 45.universal B) 46.in silence 47.out of service 48.after all 49.adapt to 50.is limited to 六、 【主旨大意】 本文主要介绍了在学校中，与人相处时学会宽容的重要性：我们需要尊重他人的差异，学会愉快地与他人相处；宽容能帮助我们保持平和心态、改善人际关系，也能让我们生活的环境变得更美好。 51. studying 【解析】句意：你可能没有意识到，在学校里，你做的可不仅仅是学习。more than just doing sth.表示“不仅仅是做某事”，故填study的动名词studying。 52. However【解析】句意：然而，这并不总是一件容易的事。前文“School is also the place where you learn to get along well with people.”和后半句“this is not always easy”是转折关系，且空处位于句首，后面有逗号，故填表示转折关系的副词However。 53. classmates【解析】句意：如果你就是不喜欢你的某个同学，该怎么办呢？“one of+复数名词”表示“……之一”，故填classmate的复数形式classmates。 54. problems 【解析】句意：如果你发现自己在和同学或朋友相处时遇到了困难，那么你需要学习的最重要的事情之一就是宽容。have problems (in) doing sth.是固定搭配，表示“做某事有困难”。故填problems。 55. most important 【解析】句意：如果你发现自己在和同学或朋友相处时遇到了困难，那么你需要学习的最重要的事情之一就是宽容。“one of the+形容词最高级+复数名词”表示“最……之一”。故填最高级most important。 56. ability【解析】句意：宽容，是一种认识并尊重他人差异的能力。the是定冠词，后面必须接名词才能构成“……的能力”，主语Tolerance是一个抽象名词，属于单数概念，故表语用单数形式。故填ability。 57. happily 【解析】句意：我们无法改变别人的行事方式，所以学会和他们愉快地相处就显得尤为重要。修饰动词需用副词，故填happily。 58. learns 【解析】句意：如果每个人都学会宽容，大家就会彼此相处得更融洽。if引导的条件状语从句，主句将来时，从句用一般现在时；主语是everyone，故填learn的第三人称单数形式learns。 59. with 【解析】句意：如果每个人都学会宽容，大家就会彼此相处得更融洽。get on better with sb.是固定搭配，表示“与某人相处得更融洽”，故填介词with。 60. others’ 【解析】句意：不断地了解他人，也能让我们理解其他人的不同之处。本空修饰名词differences，表示“其他人的差异”，用所有格形式；根据前半句“Knowing others”可知这里是复数概念，other表示“其他的人/ 物”时复数形式是others，复数名词的所有格直接在词尾加’。故填others’。 61. exactly 【解析】句意：与众不同，并不完全代表就是坏事。修饰动词mean需用副词，故填exactly。 62. to keep 【解析】句意：宽容教会我们如何保持温和的脾气与开放的思想。teach sb. (how) to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“教某人（如何）做某事”，故填to keep。 63. saying【解析】句意：正如一句古老的谚语所说：“己所不欲，勿施于人。”。an old saying goes是固定表达，表示“俗话说”。故填saying。 64. be treated【解析】句意：己所不欲，勿施于人。结合全文可知，此处想表达的是希望自己被怎样对待，就怎样对待别人；因此此处的主语you和动词treat是被动关系，用被动语态，结构为“be+过去分词。want to do sth.”是固定搭配，表示“想要做某事”，故be动词用原形。 65. your【解析】句意：这个世界本就千差万别，在你自己的学校和城市里践行宽容，就能让事情变得更美好。本空修饰名词短语“school and city”，需用形容词性物主代词，用your。 七、 Studies show that being happy helps us stay healthy. It’s meaningful to spread happiness in daily life. Last month, my deskmate Lily failed her math exam and felt very upset. I decided to cheer her up. I sat beside her, explained her mistakes patiently and told her interesting jokes to help her relax. With my encouragement and help, she made rapid progress in math and became confident and happy again. Seeing her bright smile, I felt a strong sense of happiness. Spreading warmth to others can bring us more joy. I will keep passing positive energy to people around me. 【详解】[第一步：审题立意] 确定文体：记叙文，以一般过去时为主 明确要点：讲述用快乐感染他人的小故事、传递快乐的意义 确定人称：第一人称 (I) 注意事项：80-100 词，语法正确，语义连贯，不出现真实姓名和学校名称，开头已给出不计入总词数 [第二步：构思布局] 三段式结构： 第一段：承接已给开头，点明传递快乐的意义 第二段：讲述帮助同桌走出考试失利的低谷、用快乐感染她的具体故事 第三段：总结传递快乐的收获，升华主题 [第三步：要点展开] 要点一：故事主体cheer her up/explain mistakes patiently/tell interesting jokes/offer encouragement/give a helping hand/lift her spirits/help her relax/make progress in study/regain confidence等 要点二：bring us more joy/pass positive energy/spread warmth to others/share happiness/brighten others’day/make the world a better place/improve our own mood等 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $