Unit 1 Section A 2a-3d （课时分层练）英语新教材人教版九年级上册

**基本信息** 本同步练习通过A（巩固过关）、B（能力进阶）、C（思维拔高）三级分层设计，构建“词汇→句型→语篇”的知识巩固路径，兼顾语言能力夯实与思维品质培养，适配新授课分层教学需求。 **分层设计** |层次|知识覆盖|设计特色| |----|----------|----------| |A组|核心词汇拼写（如soil, government）、基础句型转换、语法单选（used to, 现在完成时）|聚焦单元基础语言要素，通过单词拼写（25题）和句型翻译（7题）夯实语言能力| |B组|情景对话补全、语篇选词填空（环境改善主题）、完形填空（家乡变化）|以对话访谈和语篇填空衔接基础与综合，提升语用能力和语篇理解能力| |C组|两篇阅读单选（家乡发展与水利工程）|选取贴近单元主题的真实语篇，考查细节理解与推理判断，培养分析问题的思维品质|

Unit 1 The Changing World Section A 2a-3d A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 一、单词拼写 1. If we don’t save water, we will face a water 　　　　　　　　 (短缺). 【答案】shortage 【解析】句意：如果我们不节约用水，我们将面临水资源短缺。shortage“短缺”，名词，在句中作face的宾语。 2. The local 　　　　　　　　 (土壤) is very good for growing tea. 【答案】soil 【解析】句意：当地的土壤非常适合种植茶叶。根据中文提示，表示“土壤”的单词是soil，是不可数名词。 3. The 　　　　　　　　 (政府) tries its best to provide free meals for the old who live alone. 【答案】government 【解析】句意：政府竭尽全力为独居老人提供免费的饭菜。government “政府”，在句中作主语；根据后面谓语动词tries为第三人称单数形式，可知主语用单数名词，故填government。 4. We use 　　　　　　　　 (玉米) as food for both people and animals. 【答案】corn 【解析】句意：我们把玉米用作人类和动物的食物。use后接名词作宾语。中文“玉米”对应英文“corn”，不可数名词，所以此处填corn。 5. The new high-speed 　　　　　　　　 (铁路) connects two big cities. 【答案】railway 【解析】句意：这条新的高速铁路连接了两座大城市。句中“The new high-speed...connects”提示空格处需填入名词，与high-speed构成短语在句中作主语，中文提示“铁路”，对应英文名词为railway；句中谓语动词是第三人称单数形式connects，说明主语为单数，因此用名词原形即可。 6. Hand-made local 　　　　　　　　 (产品) sell well online. 【答案】products 【解析】句意：本地手工制品在网上销量很好。product“产品”，可数名词；结合“sell”可知，空处应用复数名词products作主语。 7. Lots of 　　　　　　　　 (社会主义的) ideas help our government improve people’s living conditions. 【答案】socialist 【解析】句意：许多社会主义的想法帮助我们的政府改善人民的生活条件。句中“Lots of”后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，此处需填一个形容词作定语修饰名词“ideas”。“社会主义的”对应英文形容词“socialist”。故填socialist。 8. The report talks about the country’s 　　　　　　　　 (住房) policy. 【答案】housing 【解析】句意：这份报告探讨该国的住房政策。“住房”对应的单词是housing（名词），housing policy为固定搭配，意为“住房政策”。 9. We have to stay indoors when a 　　　　　　　　 (沙尘暴) comes. 【答案】sandstorm 【解析】句意：沙尘暴来袭时我们必须待在室内。不定冠词a后用可数名词单数，“沙尘暴”对应的英文单词为sandstorm。 10. Trees around the 　　　　　　　　 (农田) can protect it from strong wind. 【答案】farmland 【解析】句意：农田周边的树木可以保护农田免受大风侵袭。空格前“the”后接名词，“农田”对应的名词是farmland，一般作不可数名词。 11. His mistake comes from a 　　　　　　　　 (缺乏) of experience. 【答案】lack 【解析】句意：他的错误源于缺乏经验。根据中文提示“缺乏”可知，此处需要名词作介词from的宾语，且前面有不定冠词a，故填lack。 12. We hid behind a 　　　　　　　　 (灌木) when we played games. 【答案】bush 【解析】句意：我们做游戏时躲在一丛灌木后面。不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，结合中文提示“灌木”，单词bush符合要求。 13. A strong 　　　　　　　　 (根) makes a tree grow tall and strong. 【答案】root 【解析】句意：粗壮的树根让树木长得高大茁壮。根据汉语提示可知，root意为“根”，空前有不定冠词A，此处用单数名词。应填root。 14. We can grow vegetables all year round in the 　　　　　　　　 (温室). 【答案】greenhouse 【解析】句意：我们可以在温室里全年种植蔬菜。名词greenhouse意为“温室”，固定搭配in the greenhouse表示在温室中，空格前有定冠词the修饰，此处使用单数名词符合语境，因此填greenhouse。 15. We haven’t finished our task 　　　　　　　　 (仍然). But we made great progress. 【答案】yet 【解析】句意：我们还没完成任务。但是我们已经取得了很大的进展。句子为否定句，时态为现在完成时，所以用yet表示“仍然”放在句尾，符合语境。 16. The government has built many new roads to 　　　　　　　　 (改善) people’s life. 【答案】improve 【解析】句意：政府修建了许多新路来改善人们的生活。“改善”improve，不定式to后用动词原形。 17. This restaurant is famous for its 　　　　　　　　 (当地的) food. 【答案】local 【解析】句意：这个餐馆因为它的当地美食而出名。根据汉语提示可知，local“当地的”，形容词作定语，故填local。 18. At weekends, Mary enjoys chatting 　　　　　　　　　 (在网上) with her sister in France. 【答案】online 【解析】句意：周末，玛丽喜欢在网上和她远在法国的妹妹聊天。online“在网上”，副词，在句中作状语修饰动词chatting。 19. We played soccer 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 (一直) during the summer holidays. 【答案】① all    ② the    ③ time 【解析】句意：暑假期间我们一直在踢足球。“一直”all the time，副词短语，故填all；the；time。 20. My grandma can make traditional Chinese paper-cuttings 　　　　　　　　.（手工） 【答案】by hand 【解析】句意：我的祖母能够亲手制作传统中国剪纸作品。根据汉语提示可知，by hand“手工”，介词短语作方式状语放在句末，用来补充说明动作“制作”的方式。故填by hand。 21. Chinese researchers have found that the s　　　　　　　　 (土壤) on the moon’s far side is much thicker than that on the near side. 【答案】soil 【解析】句意：中国研究人员发现，月球背面的土壤比正面的厚得多。中文提示 “土壤”，对应单词soil，不可数名词。 22. We drove on the new h　　　　　　　　 and arrived at the city two hours earlier. 【答案】highway##ighway 【解析】句意：我们沿着新建的高速公路行驶，提前两小时到达了城市。根据首字母提示和“drove on the new”可知，此处指在新建的高速公路上行驶，名词highway“高速公路”符合语境，此处特指新建的高速公路，highway用单数形式即可。 23. This old town has become a famous tourist a　　　　　　　　 in recent years. 【答案】attraction##ttraction 【解析】句意：这个古镇近年来已成为一个著名的旅游景点。根据“a famous tourist”和首字母提示可知，此处表示“景点”，attraction“具有吸引力的事物”符合语境；tourist attraction意为“旅游景点”，a后接单数名词。 24. People’s lives have changed 　　　　　　　　 (great) in twenty years. 【答案】greatly 【解析】句意：二十年来人们的生活发生了巨大的变化。此处修饰动词changed，要用副词，great的副词形式为greatly。 25. The government is making an effort 　　　　　　　　 (solve) the problem of air pollution. 【答案】to solve 【解析】句意：政府正在努力解决空气污染问题。这是固定搭配make an effort to do sth.，意为“努力做某事”，因此用动词不定式to solve。 26. She is leaving for London at the 　　　　　　　　 (begin) of this year. 【答案】beginning 【解析】句意：她将于今年年初动身去伦敦。at the beginning of意为“在……的开端”，begin是动词，意为“开始”；beginning是begin的名词形式。故填beginning。 二、完成句子 1. 耕地短缺已经成为当地农民的一大难题。 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 has become a big problem for local farmers. 【答案】① Farmland    ② shortage 【解析】原句中“耕地短缺”是关键词，表示“耕地”为“Farmland”，“短缺”为“shortage”，两者构成“Farmland shortage”名词短语作主语。本句描述客观事实，应用一般现在时，主语为单数，故谓语用“has”。故填Farmland；shortage。 2. 山坡上的土壤没有山谷里的那么沙质。 The soil on the hillside is not 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 that in the valley. 【答案】① as    ② sandy    ③ as 【解析】原句中“没有……那么沙质”是关键词，本句使用not as + 形容词原级 + as 否定原级比较句型，含义：不如……一样……，用来表达两者程度上前者不及后者，sandy：形容词，词义“含沙的、沙质的”，放在两个as中间必须用形容词原级，所以填as；sandy；as。 3. 在政府支持下，家乡发生了巨大变化。 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 the government, great changes 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 in my hometown. 【答案】① With    ② support    ③ from    ④ took     ⑤ place 【解析】原句中前三空缺少了“在……支持下”，表示“在……支持下”的英文是with support from，句首字母大写，后两空缺少了“发生”，表示“发生”的英文是take place，事情已经发生，时态用一般过去时，take的过去式为took。 4. 这条铁路连接了三个主要城市。 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 three major cities. 【答案】① This    ② railway    ③ connects##links 【解析】原句中“这条铁路连接”是关键信息。“这”用This，位于句首首字母大写；“铁路”对应的是名词railway，This railway作主语。“连接”对应的是动词connect/link；句子描述客观现状，用一般现在时；主语为单数名词，谓语动词用三单形式connects/links。 5. 互联网是否极大地改变我们的交流方式？ Does the internet 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 the way we communicate? 【答案】① greatly    ② change 【解析】原句中“极大地改变”是关键词，表示“极大地改变”的短语是greatly change。句首已有助动词Does，表明句子是一般现在时的一般疑问句，谓语动词应使用原形；修饰动词change应用副词greatly，副词通常置于动词之前。 6. 凭借不懈努力，这个偏远村落发展成了社会主义新农村。 Thanks to hard work, the remote village has developed into a 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　. 【答案】① new    ② socialist    ③ village 【解析】原句中“社会主义新农村”是关键词，“新的”对应单词“new”，“社会主义”对应单词“socialist”，“农村”对应单词“village”，构成短语“new socialist village”整体作句子宾语。 7. 大城市的住房问题越来越严重。 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 in big cities are getting 　　　　　　　　. 【答案】① Housing    ② problems    ③ worse 【解析】原句中“住房”、“问题”、“越来越严重”是关键词，“住房”是housing，“问题”是problem，此处housing作定语修饰problem，housing problem表示“住房问题”；句中be动词为are，说明主语是复数problems；get worse表示“变得更糟”，用形容词比较级体现程度加深。 三、单项选择 1. When we look at the _________ sky during a sandstorm, we know how important it is to protect the environment. A. grey B. narrow C. sandy D. native 【答案】C 【解析】句意：在沙尘暴期间我们望着布满沙尘的天空，我们就能明白保护环境有多重要。 grey灰色的；narrow狭窄的；sandy含沙的、布满沙尘的；native本土的。结合sandstorm（沙尘暴）的语境，沙尘暴时天空布满沙尘，sandy sky符合情景。 2. The local ________ has decided to build more schools in poor areas so that every child can get a good education. A. people B. government C. buildings D. newspaper 【答案】B 【解析】句意：当地‌政府‌决定在贫困地区修建更多学校，让每个孩子都能获得良好的教育。 people人们；government政府；buildings建筑物；newspaper报纸。根据句中“决定在贫困地区修建更多学校”这一公共事务行为，能主导这类教育惠民工程的主体只能是当地政府，因此应填government。 3. With my parents’ ________, I finished the volunteer work successfully. A. speed B. support C. safety D. supply 【答案】B 【解析】句意：在父母的支持下，我成功完成了志愿者工作。speed速度；support支持；safety安全；supply供应。根据“I finished the volunteer work successfully.”可知，成功完成工作通常离不开家人的帮助或鼓励，support符合语境。 4. The ________ in the field has grown taller than mine after two months of rain. A. weed B. grass C. flower D. corn 【答案】D 【解析】句意：经过两个月的降雨，田里的玉米长得比我的（玉米）更高了。 weed杂草；grass草；flower花；corn玉米。玉米生长在田地 (field)，符合语境，玉米植株会不断长高。故选D。 5. The company’s new ________ sells well in the local market. A. produce B. product C. production D. producer 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这家公司的新产品在本地市场卖得很好。 produce生产/农产品；product产品；production生产/产量；producer生产者。根据“The company’s new...sells well”可知，公司销售的是产品。应填product。 6. — Lucy, what’s your father doing right now? — ________. He is just watching a football game on TV. A. Nothing much B. No problem C. Never mind D. Well done 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——露西，你爸爸现在在做什么？——没什么。他只是在看电视上的足球比赛。 考查情景交际。Nothing much没什么；No problem没问题；Never mind没关系；Well done做得好。根据“He is just watching a football game on TV.”可知，父亲只是在看电视上的足球比赛，即父亲没做什么重要的事情。故选A。 7. — What’s your brother like? —________. A. He is kind B. He likes music C. He is a student D. He is 13 years old 【答案】A 【解析】句意:——你的哥哥是什么样的人？——他很善良。 考查情景交际。He is kind他很善良；He likes music他喜欢音乐；He is a student他是个学生；He is 13 years old他13岁。根据“What’s your brother like?”可知，此处询问人的性格或品质，He is kind“他很善良”符合题意。故选A。 8. There ________ a bridge over the river but now it’s gone. A. is B. has been C. used to be D. was used to be 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这条河上曾经有一座桥，但现在没了。    is是（一般现在时）；has been已经有（现在完成时）；used to be过去曾经有；was used to be（语法错误）。根据“but now it’s gone（但现在没了）”的转折，前半句描述“过去存在、现在消失”的状态，“used to be”符合“过去常有的情况”的语境。应填“used to be”。 9. The old leader ________ the town, but he has retired now. A. used to govern B. used to governing C. was used to govern D. was used to governing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这位老领导过去管理这座城镇，但是他现在已经退休了。 used to govern过去常常管理；used to governing结构错误；was used to govern被用来管理；was used to governing习惯于管理。根据“but he has retired now（但他现在已经退休）” 可知，此处表达过去曾经做某事，used to do符合语境。 10. Great changes ________ in our eating habits over the past few years. A. have taken place B. took place C. take place D. will take place 【答案】A 【解析】句意：在过去的几年里，我们的饮食习惯发生了巨大的变化。 根据时间状语“over the past few years”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或持续到现在，结构为have/has+过去分词。主语Great changes为复数，助动词用have。have taken place符合题意。 11. —How long have you lived here? —________ five years ago. A. For B. Since C. In D. After 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你在这里住了多久了？——自从五年前。 For达，计（段时间）；Since自从（时间点）；In在……里面；After在……之后。根据问句“How long have you lived here?”可知时态为现在完成时，答语中“five years ago”是一个过去的时间点，表示动作从过去某一点持续到现在，应用介词since后接时间点。 12. — ________ do you spell your name? — E-L-L-A, Ella. A. What B. How C. Who D. When 【答案】B 【解析】句意：——你怎样拼写你的名字？——E-L-L-A，埃拉。 What什么；How怎样；Who谁；When何时。根据答语“E-L-L-A, Ella.”可知，此处问的是如何拼写，how do you spell …为固定句型，询问如何拼写单词，符合语境。 一、补全对话 阅读下面对话，从文后的选项中选出最佳选项填入空缺处，有一项多余。 Reporter: Mr. Yan, could you talk about changes in your hometown? Mr. Yan: Sure. Our hometown has changed a lot over the past 20 years. Reporter: 　　　1　　　 Mr. Yan: Years ago most young people worked in big cities. 　　　2　　　 Reporter: That’s amazing! 　　　3　　　 Mr. Yan: We used to grow few vegetables on small farms. Now we have high-tech greenhouses. Reporter: The new transport must help a lot, right? Mr. Yan: Yes. Our village is a tourist attraction now. 　　　4　　　 Reporter: 　　　5　　　 Mr. Yan: Of course. We have new housing, a new hospital and a library now. A. Did these changes greatly improve your life? B. Many young people choose to come back to work here. C. What about the way of farming? D. In your opinion, what makes such great changes? E. We can sell local products to visitors and online. F. There was no railway or highway before. 【答案】1. D     2. B     3. C     4. E     5. A      【解析】本对话是记者和严先生关于家乡过去二十年变化的对话。 (1)题： 严先生回答“Years ago most young people worked in big cities.”及后文提到年轻人回来工作，说明记者在询问是什么带来了这些变化，D项“In your opinion, what makes such great changes?”询问变化的原因，与严先生的回答直接对应。 (2)题： 严先生对比了以前和现在的变化，说明现在很多年轻人选择回来工作，B项“Many young people choose to come back to work here.”描述返乡工作的现象，与前文形成对比。 (3)题： 严先生回答“We used to grow few vegetables on small farms. Now we have high-tech greenhouses.”，说明记者在询问农业方式的变化，C项“What about the way of farming?”询问农耕方式，与严先生的回答直接对应。 (4)题： 严先生提到村子现在是旅游景点，说明可向游客和网上销售当地产品，E项“We can sell local products to visitors and online.”描述产品的销售渠道，与上文紧密衔接。 (5)题： 严先生回答“Of course. We have new housing, a new hospital and a library now.”，说明记者在询问这些变化是否改善了生活，A项“Did these changes greatly improve your life?”用来询问变化对生活的影响，与严先生的回答直接对应。 二、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。           corn     sandstorm     cover     root     government     support     sand     shortage     of     bush Over the years, my hometown has experienced amazing changes. Long ago, the hills around us were 　　　1　　　 with pale sand, and the whole area looked lifeless. Strong winds often brought terrible 　　　2　　　, which destroyed our fields year after year. Back then, we faced a serious farmland 　　　3　　　. The main reason was lack 　　　4　　　 green plants to protect the ground. Few bushes grew on the dry, 　　　5　　　 land, for local people had no money to buy saplings. Without strong 　　　6　　　 holding the earth, the soil blew away easily every windy day. Later, we received the 　　　7　　　 support. Officials taught us to grow small plants and offered free saplings. Lots of villagers chose to 　　　8　　　 this environmental project. We planted thousands of 　　　9　　　 across the hills. Their thick roots now lock the soil firmly. Today, those once bare hills are full of green. Sandstorms seldom hit us, and we have rich farmland to grow 　　　　10　　　　. All these warm changes tell us that joint efforts can turn poor land into a lovely home. 【答案】1. covered     2. sandstorms     3. shortage     4. of     5. sandy     6. roots     7. government’s     8. support     9. bushes     10. corn      【解析】本文主要介绍了家乡从前土地沙化、沙尘暴频发、耕地短缺，后来在政府扶持下大规模种植灌木固土，如今荒山变绿地、能够种植庄稼的环境变迁故事。 (1)题： 句意：很久以前，我们周围的小山被黄沙覆盖，整片区域毫无生机。be covered with表示“被……覆盖”，固定搭配，本句为一般过去时的被动语态，cover的过去分词为covered。 (2)题： 句意：大风常常带来可怕的沙尘暴，年复一年摧毁我们的田地。根据下文“Sandstorms seldom hit us...”可知，现在沙尘暴很少了，但是在过去沙尘暴经常会摧毁田地，terrible修饰名词sandstorm“沙尘暴”，此处应用复数形式sandstorms表泛指。 (3)题： 句意：那时候，我们面临严重的耕地短缺问题。farmland shortage是固定短语，意为“耕地短缺”，shortage作名词，表示“短缺，不足”。 (4)题： 句意：主要原因是缺少保护地表的绿色植物。lack of表示“缺少……”，固定搭配，介词of引出缺少的对象“green plants”。 (5)题： 句意：干燥多沙的土地上几乎不长灌木，因为当地人没钱买树苗。此处需用形容词修饰名词land，sandy为形容词，意为“含沙的，沙质的”，对应前文黄沙遍地的环境。 (6)题： 句意：没有粗壮的根系固定泥土，每逢大风天土壤就很容易被吹走。根据常识可知，根系可以固沙，strong修饰名词，root意为“根”，土地上植物的根系不止一条，应用复数形式roots。 (7)题： 句意：后来，我们得到了政府的帮扶。根据“Officials taught us to grow small plants and offered free saplings.”可知，政府官员提供了很多帮助。此处需用所有格修饰名词support，government为名词，所有格形式为government’s“政府的”。 (8)题： 句意：很多村民选择支持这项环保工程。根据“We planted thousands of...”可知，村民支持这项环保工程，choose to do sth.表示“选择做某事”，固定搭配，to后接动词原形support。 (9)题： 句意：我们在山上种了成千上万株灌木。planted thousands of后接表示植物的复数名词，bush意为“灌木”，复数形式为bushes。 (10)题： 句意：沙尘暴很少再来，我们拥有肥沃耕地用来种植玉米。grow后接表示农作物的名词，corn为不可数名词，无需变形。 三、完形填空 My name is Lin Tao, and I grew up in a small town. When I was a child, the town was quiet and simple. There were only a few shops, and the roads were narrow. People knew each other, and life moved slowly. Over the past ten years, my hometown 　　　　1　　　　 a lot. New buildings have appeared, and the population has 　　　　2　　　　 doubled. The government has built a new hospital, a modern shopping mall, and a sports center. 　　　　3　　　　 these changes, life has become more convenient. However, not everyone is 　　　　4　　　　 with the rapid development. Some old buildings were torn down, and the town lost some of its historical charm. The traffic has become 　　　　5　　　　, and the air is not as clean as before. I have mixed feelings about the changes. 　　　　6　　　　 one hand, I enjoy the new facilities and job opportunities. 　　　　7　　　　 the other hand, I miss the peaceful atmosphere of the past. I believe we can find a balance between development and 　　　　8　　　　. My dream is to see my hometown become a 　　　　9　　　　 place where modern life and nature coexist. I hope that 　　　　10　　　　 the future, it will be a model for other towns to follow. 1. A. changed B. changes C. has changed 2. A. almost B. hardly C. never 3. A. Thanks for B. Thanks to C. Instead of 4. A. happy B. angry C. bored 5. A. lighter B. heavier C. faster 6. A. In B. On C. At 7. A. In B. On C. At 8. A. pollution B. protection C. population 9. A. noisy B. crowded C. wonderful 10. A. in B. on C. at 【答案】1. C     2. A     3. B     4. A     5. B     6. B     7. B     8. B     9. C     10. A      【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了林涛家乡近十年的发展变化，作者对家乡变迁有着复杂的心情，同时表达了对家乡未来发展的美好期许。 (1)题： 句意：在过去的十年里，我的家乡改变了很多。 时间状语Over the past ten years是现在完成时的标志性提示，该时态结构为“have/has + 过去分词”，主语my hometown是单数，助动词用has，动词用过去分词changed，故填has changed。 (2)题： 句意：新建筑拔地而起，人口几乎翻了一番。 此处是说人口数量接近翻倍，almost意为“几乎、差不多”，贴合语境；hardly“几乎不”和never“从未”均不符。 (3)题： 句意：多亏了这些变化，生活变得更加便利。 Thanks to意为“多亏、由于”，可引出生活变便利的原因，符合此处语境；Thanks for多用于表达“因某事致谢”，Instead of意为“代替、而不是”，二者逻辑无法衔接前后内容。 (4)题： 句意：然而，并不是每个人都对这样快速的发展感到满意。 be happy with表示“对……感到满意”，契合后文发展带来弊端、有人不认可变化的转折语境；angry“生气的”，bored“无聊的”，二者均不符合此处表达普遍态度的场景。 (5)题： 句意：交通变得更拥堵了，空气也不如从前洁净。 heavy可用于形容交通拥堵，heavier是其比较级，体现拥堵程度加重；lighter“更通畅的”，和后文负面变化的走向矛盾；faster“更快的”，不能用来描述交通整体拥堵状况。 (6)题： 句意：一方面，我享受新的设施和就业机会。 常用搭配On one hand表示“一方面”，介词常使用on；In、At均不能和one hand构成常用短语。 (7)题： 句意：另一方面，我怀念过去宁静的氛围。 常用搭配On the other hand表示“另一方面”，和上个空处形成呼应，介词常使用on；In、At均不能和 the other hand构成常用短语。 (8)题： 句意：我相信我们能在发展和保护之间找到平衡。 前文提到发展造成历史特色流失、空气质量下降等问题，protection“保护”能和发展形成制衡关系；pollution“污染”，population“人口”，二者均无法和发展形成需要平衡的对立维度。 (9)题： 句意：我的梦想是看到我的家乡成为一个现代生活和自然和谐共存的美好地方。 wonderful意为“美好的、出色的”，契合对家乡未来的美好憧憬；noisy“吵闹的”，crowded“拥挤的”，二者都是负面形容词，和语境的期许感不符。 (10)题： 句意：我希望在未来，它能成为其他城镇效仿的典范。 常用搭配in the future表示“在将来”，介词常使用in；on、at 均不能和the future构成常用短语。 一、阅读单选 A篇 Great changes have taken place in Li Rui’s hometown over the past 20 years. Twenty years ago, the environment there was really difficult. Heavy sandstorms hit the village every spring. There was serious farmland shortage, and people faced a lack of high-tech farming tools. All hills were covered with sand, with few bushes or trees. Villagers used to work by hand on small pieces of farmland. They could not grow enough corn to support their families, so many young people used to leave for big capitals to make money. Later, the local government gave strong support to the village. Villagers found a special kind of bush. Its thick roots could hold the soil together to stop sand from blowing away. With the government’s help, they began to plant this bush on all sandy land. They have planted thousands of bushes and trees since then. Now everything turns better. The corn fields become much larger. There are far fewer sandstorms. The hills are covered with green plants. Villagers use modern machines to work on farmland. Lots of young people have come back to work at home. Li Rui has shown George around the new hometown twice, and they both feel surprised at these amazing changes. 1. What was NOT a problem in Li Rui’s hometown long ago? A. Terrible sandstorms. B. Not enough farmland. C. No modern farming technology. D. Too much rain every year. 2. How did farmers grow corn in the past? A. By using high-tech machines. B. By hand. C. With lorries. D. In big greenhouses. 3. What can the roots of the bush do? A. Produce more corn. B. Hold soil and stop sandstorms. C. Build new roads. D. Sell farm products. 4. Why did young people use to leave their village? A. The living condition was too bad. B. They wanted to watch the Olympics. C. They hated planting bushes. D. The government asked them to leave. 5. How many times has Li Rui taken George to visit the hometown? A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times. D. Never. 【答案】1. D     2. B     3. B     4. A     5. B      【解析】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了李睿的家乡二十年来从风沙贫瘠、年轻人外流，到政府种树治沙、发展现代农业、青年返乡的巨大变迁。 (1)题： 根据“Twenty years ago, the environment there was really difficult. Heavy sandstorms hit the village every spring. There was serious farmland shortage, and people faced a lack of high-tech farming tools.”可知，早年家乡的问题有沙尘暴、耕地不足、缺少现代农业技术，文中未提及雨水过多，因此“每年雨水太多”不是过去的难题。 (2)题： 根据“Villagers used to work by hand on small pieces of farmland.”可知，过去村民靠手工种植玉米。 (3)题： 根据“Its thick roots could hold the soil together to stop sand from blowing away.”可知，这种灌木的根系可以固土、阻挡风沙。 (4)题： 根据“They could not grow enough corn to support their families, so many young people used to leave for big capitals to make money.”可知，过去粮食不够养活家人，生活条件太差，所以年轻人外出谋生。 (5)题： 根据“Li Rui has shown George around the new hometown twice”可知，李睿带乔治参观家乡两次。 B篇 When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there. One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about the difficulties we faced, and later, canals (灌溉渠) and other projects began to be built in my village. “Who are they?” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied. Shortly afterwards, I moved to another city for my junior high school. The only reason I ever came back to my hometown was my grandmother. One day, my family and I made time to return. We were surprised because everything had changed. The canal ran past every orchard so villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill anymore. The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in it. When we arrived home, my grandma took out some fresh pears and apples. She told us that after the water conservancy project (水利工程) was completed, a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river. Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of our countryside. Nowadays, people work hard to live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometowns where we are from. 1. What troubled the villagers most was that ________. A. they could only grow fruit trees B. there wasn’t enough water in the orchard C. they had too much work D. it was not convenient to go up the hill 2. We can infer (推断) from the passage that ________. A. more people like to work in the countryside nowadays B. the grandmother doesn’t like to live in the city C. the village is a place of interest for tourists now D. there will be more fruit production in the village 3. What does the underlined phrase “devoted themselves to” mean in Chinese? A. 捐钱给他人 B. 吸引公众注意 C. 付出很多努力 D. 为他人准备 4. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Why do people come back? B. What does a hometown mean? C. How is a village improved? D. Who are the good men? 【答案】1. B     2. D     3. C     4. C      【解析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者回忆小时候家乡果园缺水导致水果产量低，后来政府修建灌溉渠等水利工程，家乡面貌和水果生产得到改善，表达对家乡的怀念和对建设者的感谢。 (1)题： 第一段明确提到“Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there”，可知村民最困扰的是果园缺水。 (2)题： 第四段提到“a policy was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water”，可推断村庄水果产量会增加。 (3)题： “devoted themselves to”意为“致力于、奉献于”，结合上下文，这些政府人员为乡村发展修建水渠等项目，付出了辛勤努力，因此中文意思最接近“付出很多努力”。 (4)题： 本文核心是家乡如何通过水利工程和政策得到改善，标题“How is a village improved?”最能概括主旨。 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ Unit 1 The Changing World Section A 2a-3d A组 巩固过关 C组 思维拔高 B组 能力进阶 一、单词拼写 1. If we don’t save water, we will face a water 　　　　　　　　 (短缺). 2. The local 　　　　　　　　 (土壤) is very good for growing tea. 3. The 　　　　　　　　 (政府) tries its best to provide free meals for the old who live alone. 4. We use 　　　　　　　　 (玉米) as food for both people and animals. 5. The new high-speed 　　　　　　　　 (铁路) connects two big cities. 6. Hand-made local 　　　　　　　　 (产品) sell well online. 7. Lots of 　　　　　　　　 (社会主义的) ideas help our government improve people’s living conditions. 8. The report talks about the country’s 　　　　　　　　 (住房) policy. 9. We have to stay indoors when a 　　　　　　　　 (沙尘暴) comes. 10. Trees around the 　　　　　　　　 (农田) can protect it from strong wind. 11. His mistake comes from a 　　　　　　　　 (缺乏) of experience. 12. We hid behind a 　　　　　　　　 (灌木) when we played games. 13. A strong 　　　　　　　　 (根) makes a tree grow tall and strong. 14. We can grow vegetables all year round in the 　　　　　　　　 (温室). 15. We haven’t finished our task 　　　　　　　　 (仍然). But we made great progress. 16. The government has built many new roads to 　　　　　　　　 (改善) people’s life. 17. This restaurant is famous for its 　　　　　　　　 (当地的) food. 18. At weekends, Mary enjoys chatting 　　　　　　　　　 (在网上) with her sister in France. 19. We played soccer 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 (一直) during the summer holidays. 20. My grandma can make traditional Chinese paper-cuttings 　　　　　　　　.（手工） 21. Chinese researchers have found that the s　　　　　　　　 (土壤) on the moon’s far side is much thicker than that on the near side. 22. We drove on the new h　　　　　　　　 and arrived at the city two hours earlier. 23. This old town has become a famous tourist a　　　　　　　　 in recent years. 24. People’s lives have changed 　　　　　　　　 (great) in twenty years. 25. The government is making an effort 　　　　　　　　 (solve) the problem of air pollution. 26. She is leaving for London at the 　　　　　　　　 (begin) of this year. 二、完成句子 1. 耕地短缺已经成为当地农民的一大难题。 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 has become a big problem for local farmers. 2. 山坡上的土壤没有山谷里的那么沙质。 The soil on the hillside is not 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 that in the valley. 3. 在政府支持下，家乡发生了巨大变化。 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 the government, great changes 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 in my hometown. 4. 这条铁路连接了三个主要城市。 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 three major cities. 5. 互联网是否极大地改变我们的交流方式？ Does the internet 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 the way we communicate? 6. 凭借不懈努力，这个偏远村落发展成了社会主义新农村。 Thanks to hard work, the remote village has developed into a 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　. 7. 大城市的住房问题越来越严重。 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 in big cities are getting 　　　　　　　　. 三、单项选择 1. When we look at the _________ sky during a sandstorm, we know how important it is to protect the environment. A. grey B. narrow C. sandy D. native 2. The local ________ has decided to build more schools in poor areas so that every child can get a good education. A. people B. government C. buildings D. newspaper 3. With my parents’ ________, I finished the volunteer work successfully. A. speed B. support C. safety D. supply 4. The ________ in the field has grown taller than mine after two months of rain. A. weed B. grass C. flower D. corn 5. The company’s new ________ sells well in the local market. A. produce B. product C. production D. producer 6. — Lucy, what’s your father doing right now? — ________. He is just watching a football game on TV. A. Nothing much B. No problem C. Never mind D. Well done 7. — What’s your brother like? —________. A. He is kind B. He likes music C. He is a student D. He is 13 years old 8. There ________ a bridge over the river but now it’s gone. A. is B. has been C. used to be D. was used to be 9. The old leader ________ the town, but he has retired now. A. used to govern B. used to governing C. was used to govern D. was used to governing 10. Great changes ________ in our eating habits over the past few years. A. have taken place B. took place C. take place D. will take place 11. —How long have you lived here? —________ five years ago. A. For B. Since C. In D. After 12. — ________ do you spell your name? — E-L-L-A, Ella. A. What B. How C. Who D. When 一、补全对话 阅读下面对话，从文后的选项中选出最佳选项填入空缺处，有一项多余。 Reporter: Mr. Yan, could you talk about changes in your hometown? Mr. Yan: Sure. Our hometown has changed a lot over the past 20 years. Reporter: 　　　1　　　 Mr. Yan: Years ago most young people worked in big cities. 　　　2　　　 Reporter: That’s amazing! 　　　3　　　 Mr. Yan: We used to grow few vegetables on small farms. Now we have high-tech greenhouses. Reporter: The new transport must help a lot, right? Mr. Yan: Yes. Our village is a tourist attraction now. 　　　4　　　 Reporter: 　　　5　　　 Mr. Yan: Of course. We have new housing, a new hospital and a library now. A. Did these changes greatly improve your life? B. Many young people choose to come back to work here. C. What about the way of farming? D. In your opinion, what makes such great changes? E. We can sell local products to visitors and online. F. There was no railway or highway before. 二、选词填空 阅读短文，从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确的形式填空（每词限用一次）。           corn     sandstorm     cover     root     government     support     sand     shortage     of     bush Over the years, my hometown has experienced amazing changes. Long ago, the hills around us were 　　　1　　　 with pale sand, and the whole area looked lifeless. Strong winds often brought terrible 　　　2　　　, which destroyed our fields year after year. Back then, we faced a serious farmland 　　　3　　　. The main reason was lack 　　　4　　　 green plants to protect the ground. Few bushes grew on the dry, 　　　5　　　 land, for local people had no money to buy saplings. Without strong 　　　6　　　 holding the earth, the soil blew away easily every windy day. Later, we received the 　　　7　　　 support. Officials taught us to grow small plants and offered free saplings. Lots of villagers chose to 　　　8　　　 this environmental project. We planted thousands of 　　　9　　　 across the hills. Their thick roots now lock the soil firmly. Today, those once bare hills are full of green. Sandstorms seldom hit us, and we have rich farmland to grow 　　　　10　　　　. All these warm changes tell us that joint efforts can turn poor land into a lovely home. 三、完形填空 My name is Lin Tao, and I grew up in a small town. When I was a child, the town was quiet and simple. There were only a few shops, and the roads were narrow. People knew each other, and life moved slowly. Over the past ten years, my hometown 　　　　1　　　　 a lot. New buildings have appeared, and the population has 　　　　2　　　　 doubled. The government has built a new hospital, a modern shopping mall, and a sports center. 　　　　3　　　　 these changes, life has become more convenient. However, not everyone is 　　　　4　　　　 with the rapid development. Some old buildings were torn down, and the town lost some of its historical charm. The traffic has become 　　　　5　　　　, and the air is not as clean as before. I have mixed feelings about the changes. 　　　　6　　　　 one hand, I enjoy the new facilities and job opportunities. 　　　　7　　　　 the other hand, I miss the peaceful atmosphere of the past. I believe we can find a balance between development and 　　　　8　　　　. My dream is to see my hometown become a 　　　　9　　　　 place where modern life and nature coexist. I hope that 　　　　10　　　　 the future, it will be a model for other towns to follow. 1. A. changed B. changes C. has changed 2. A. almost B. hardly C. never 3. A. Thanks for B. Thanks to C. Instead of 4. A. happy B. angry C. bored 5. A. lighter B. heavier C. faster 6. A. In B. On C. At 7. A. In B. On C. At 8. A. pollution B. protection C. population 9. A. noisy B. crowded C. wonderful 10. A. in B. on C. at 一、阅读单选 A篇 Great changes have taken place in Li Rui’s hometown over the past 20 years. Twenty years ago, the environment there was really difficult. Heavy sandstorms hit the village every spring. There was serious farmland shortage, and people faced a lack of high-tech farming tools. All hills were covered with sand, with few bushes or trees. Villagers used to work by hand on small pieces of farmland. They could not grow enough corn to support their families, so many young people used to leave for big capitals to make money. Later, the local government gave strong support to the village. Villagers found a special kind of bush. Its thick roots could hold the soil together to stop sand from blowing away. With the government’s help, they began to plant this bush on all sandy land. They have planted thousands of bushes and trees since then. Now everything turns better. The corn fields become much larger. There are far fewer sandstorms. The hills are covered with green plants. Villagers use modern machines to work on farmland. Lots of young people have come back to work at home. Li Rui has shown George around the new hometown twice, and they both feel surprised at these amazing changes. 1. What was NOT a problem in Li Rui’s hometown long ago? A. Terrible sandstorms. B. Not enough farmland. C. No modern farming technology. D. Too much rain every year. 2. How did farmers grow corn in the past? A. By using high-tech machines. B. By hand. C. With lorries. D. In big greenhouses. 3. What can the roots of the bush do? A. Produce more corn. B. Hold soil and stop sandstorms. C. Build new roads. D. Sell farm products. 4. Why did young people use to leave their village? A. The living condition was too bad. B. They wanted to watch the Olympics. C. They hated planting bushes. D. The government asked them to leave. 5. How many times has Li Rui taken George to visit the hometown? A. Once. B. Twice. C. Three times. D. Never. B篇 When I was very young, people in our village lived by planting fruit trees. My grandmother always took me to the orchard (果园) on the hill. At that time, they had to carry water from the river at the foot of the hill to halfway up the hill. Even though we worked so hard, the production level of fruit was still low because it was short of water there. One day, two young men led a group of workers to our village. They learned about the difficulties we faced, and later, canals (灌溉渠) and other projects began to be built in my village. “Who are they?” I asked. “They are good men from our government,” my grandma replied. Shortly afterwards, I moved to another city for my junior high school. The only reason I ever came back to my hometown was my grandmother. One day, my family and I made time to return. We were surprised because everything had changed. The canal ran past every orchard so villagers didn’t have to go up and down the hill anymore. The river was now so clean that fish swam happily in it. When we arrived home, my grandma took out some fresh pears and apples. She told us that after the water conservancy project (水利工程) was completed, a policy (政策) was made to encourage more people to increase the fruit production with clean water in the river. Thank those good men who have devoted themselves to the development of our countryside. Nowadays, people work hard to live in a big city. However, we should not forget our hometowns where we are from. 1. What troubled the villagers most was that ________. A. they could only grow fruit trees B. there wasn’t enough water in the orchard C. they had too much work D. it was not convenient to go up the hill 2. We can infer (推断) from the passage that ________. A. more people like to work in the countryside nowadays B. the grandmother doesn’t like to live in the city C. the village is a place of interest for tourists now D. there will be more fruit production in the village 3. What does the underlined phrase “devoted themselves to” mean in Chinese? A. 捐钱给他人 B. 吸引公众注意 C. 付出很多努力 D. 为他人准备 4. What can be the best title for the passage? A. Why do people come back? B. What does a hometown mean? C. How is a village improved? D. Who are the good men? 1 / 6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $